JP4251519B2 - Tension applying device and method for applying tension - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tension applying device for applying tension to a sheet-like or string-like tension target and a method for applying tension.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to prevent the deformation of the slope of the embankment, a mesh sheet is positioned between each embankment layer constructed hierarchically, and one end of the mesh sheet is connected to a slope protection material such as a slope block, There is known a reinforced embankment method in which a tensile force inward of the slope is applied to the slope protection material to reinforce the slope.
However, conventionally, after laying a mesh sheet on the embankment layer, the operator simply pulls the mesh sheet directly by hand to give a tensile force to the slope protection material. It was only possible to hang.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
The above-described reinforcing embankment method has the following problems.
<A> The tension of the mesh sheet that pulls the slope protection material to the inside of the slope is small, and it is insufficient to prevent the initial slope protection material from being displaced due to the pressure of the embankment.
<B> Since the operator pulls the mesh sheet directly by hand, the tension applied to the mesh sheet is uneven, a concentrated load is applied to the sheet, and the sheet breaks.
[0004]
[Object of the present invention]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described conventional problems, and applies sufficient tension to a sheet-like or string-like tension object such as the mesh sheet without applying concentrated load. An object of the present invention is to provide a tension applying device and a method for applying tension.
Another object of the present invention is a tension applying device and a method for applying tension, which are simple, excellent in handling at the time of transportation and storage, and capable of applying tension to various tensioned bodies by exchanging some parts. The purpose is to provide.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is a reinforced earth embankment method in which a mesh sheet or the like is positioned between each embankment layer constructed hierarchically in order to prevent deformation of the slope of the embankment. a device for applying tension to the sheet, or string-like object tension body such as the reticulated sheet, at one end, has a locking portion for locking the object to be tension member, a rod-like operating on the other end A tension applying device comprising: a tensioner having a hook; and a pedestal that supports a space between a locking portion of the tensioner and an operation rod so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis.
The invention according to claim 2 is the tension applying device according to claim 1, wherein a claw-like object is formed in the locking portion.
The invention according to claim 3 is the tension applying device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of bar-like objects capable of sandwiching the tension target body are provided in the locking portion.
The invention according to claim 4 is the tension applying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tensioner and the pedestal are pivotally supported so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction. .
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the tensioner includes a locking portion, a shaft support element having a rotating shaft or a bearing, and an operating rod, which are disassembled and assembled. It is a tension applying device characterized by being possible.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the pedestal includes a pedestal frame that rotatably supports the tension member about the horizontal axis, and an extension leg provided at a lower portion of the pedestal frame. The tension applying device is characterized in that the overhanging leg is separable from the base frame.
A seventh aspect of the present invention is the tension applying device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the protrusion protrudes from the lower grounding surface of the pedestal.
In order to prevent deformation of the slope of the embankment, the invention according to claim 8 is a reinforced earth embankment method in which a mesh sheet is positioned between each embankment layer constructed hierarchically,
A method of applying tension to the sheet, or string-like object tension body such as the reticulated sheet, using the tensioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, a principle of leverage This is a method of applying tension, characterized by pulling a tensioned body in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the operating rod of the tensioner pivotally supported on the pedestal and applying tension to the tensioned body. .
The invention according to claim 9 is the invention according to claim 8, wherein after tension is applied to the sheet-like or string-like tensioned body, an anchor is placed or placed on the tensioned body, and the tensioned body is tensioned. It is a method of applying a tension characterized by being left and fixed.
[0006]
[Embodiments of the Invention]
An embodiment of a tension applying device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0007]
<A> Schematic configuration FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show an example of the tension applying device of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a structural explanatory diagram, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are principle explanatory diagrams.
This apparatus includes a tensioner 1 and a base 2 that supports the tensioner 1 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis.
Hereinafter, details of this apparatus will be described in order.
[0008]
<B> The tensioner 1 is provided between the latching part 4 having the latching body 3 at the end, the operating bar 5, and the locking part 4 and the operating bar 5, so that the tensioner 1 can be rotated. It is comprised with the axial support element 7 to support.
The locking portion 4 is made of a horizontally long steel plate, and a rake-like locking body 3 in which a large number of claws are arranged is formed on the long side of the steel plate. The locking portion 4 may be linear or may be bent like a bowl as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. In the present embodiment, the locking portion 4 is made of a steel plate, but may be made of a casting or the like.
A cylindrical receiver 8 into which one end of the shaft support element 7 is inserted is fixed to the center of the long side of the locking portion 4 opposite to the locking body 3. The central axis of the receiver 8 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the locking part 4. The receiving tool 8 is formed with a screw hole perpendicular to the central axis, and a bolt 9 is provided.
The shaft support element 7 is made of a cylindrical steel rod, and a portion inserted into the support 8 is securely fixed with a bolt 9 so that a part of the cylindrical surface is scraped flat. The shaft support element 7 is turned to provide a small-diameter fitting shaft 10 at the end of the shaft support element 7 opposite to the side inserted into the support 9. On both sides in the vicinity of the central portion of the shaft support element 7, a cylindrical rotating shaft 6 is provided so as to project.
A pipe-shaped operating rod 5 is inserted into the fitting shaft 10. It is sufficient to insert the fitting shaft 10 and the operating rod 5 into each other, and it is not particularly necessary to fix them. However, they may be fixed with screws or the like.
[0009]
<C> The pedestal pedestal 2 includes the pedestal frame 12 and the overhanging legs 14.
The pedestal frame 12 has an approximately U-shape as a whole, and the length in the transverse direction is set to a dimension over the tension target. A removable bearing base 13 is installed on the upper surface of the pedestal frame 12, and a tread plate 15 is provided outside the bearing base 13.
On the lower portions of the side surfaces of both sleeves of the pedestal frame 12, a collar 16 into which the overhanging leg 14 can be inserted is provided. The central axis of the flange 16 is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the locking portion 4.
On the lower end surface of the pedestal frame 12, one or more protrusions 17 for preventing the pedestal frame 12 from sliding out are provided on each sleeve.
The pair of bearing bases 13 are screwed with bolts 18.
A bearing hole 11 is formed in the bearing base 13. The shape of the bearing hole 11 is preferably vertically long or bowl-shaped, but may be a simple circle. The shaft 6 of the tensioner 1 is inserted into the bearing hole 11.
The overhanging legs 14 each having a square cross section are inserted into the two hooks 16. The cross-sectional shape of the overhanging leg 14 may be other than a square cross section as long as the overhanging leg 14 does not rotate. On the lower surface of the overhanging leg 14, one or more protrusions 19 are provided on each overhanging leg. The overhanging leg 14 or the protrusion 19 is grounded to the ground or embankment in use.
[0010]
<Assembly of the device> The tension applying device of this embodiment is an assembly type, the tensioner 1 is an assembly of the locking portion 4, the operating rod 5, and the shaft support element 7, and the base 2 is a pair of bearing bases. 13 is an assembly of a base frame 12 to which 13 is screwed and two overhanging legs 14.
In assembly, first, the locking portion 4 and the shaft support element 7 are fastened with bolts 9 so that the longitudinal direction of the locking portion 4 and the axial direction of the rotary shaft 6 of the shaft support element 7 coincide.
Next, after the rotating shaft 6 of the shaft support element 7 is inserted into the bearing hole 11 of the bearing base 13, the bearing base 13 is fixed to the base frame 12 with bolts 18.
Thereafter, the overhanging leg 14 is inserted into the flange 16 of the pedestal frame 12, and finally the operating rod 5 is inserted into the fitting shaft 10 of the pivotal support element 7 to complete the assembly.
Therefore, since it can be easily disassembled and assembled, it is of course convenient for transportation and storage, but by replacing only the locking portion 4, tension can be applied to various sheet-like or string-like tensioned bodies. Further, since the operation rod 5 is inserted into the shaft support element 7 after the shaft support element 7 is assembled to the base 2, there is an advantage that the shaft support element 7 and the base 2 can be easily assembled.
[0011]
<E> Usage FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are explanatory views of the work of applying a tensile force to the mesh sheet 23 which is a tension target, using the tension applying device of the present invention.
A slope protection material 21 is installed on the slope side of the embankment 20.
The left end of the mesh sheet 23 laid on the embankment 20, that is, the fixed end 24, is connected and secured to the back surface of the slope protection material 21 via a connector 22. Then, the mesh sheet 23 is laid on the embankment 20.
However, it is difficult to lay the mesh sheet 23 without loosening to the extent that the operator pulls the mesh sheet 23 by hand.
Therefore, the pedestal 2 is installed across the mesh sheet 23 placed on the embankment 20 with the open side of the U-shaped mouth of the pedestal frame 12 facing down.
Next, the nail of the locking body 3 is inserted into the mesh of the mesh sheet 23.
The worker stands on the tread plate 15 toward the operation rod 5 and toward the fixed end 24 of the mesh sheet 23, and holds the upper end of the operation rod 5 and pushes it away from the body.
Then, the tensioner 1 rotates counterclockwise around the rotation shaft 6, and the mesh sheet 23 is pulled to the side opposite to the fixed end 24 by the locking body 3, and a large tension acts on the mesh sheet 23.
At this time, the protrusion 17 of the pedestal frame 12 pierces the ground and prevents the pedestal 2 from sliding out due to the reaction force of the tension applied to the mesh sheet 23. At the same time, the overhang leg 14 and the protrusion 19 of the overhang leg 14 prevent the base 2 from falling. Since the overhanging leg 14 can be removed, the long overhanging leg 14 can be used without losing the convenience of transportation and storage, and the effect of preventing the pedestal 2 from falling can be increased.
[0012]
While tension is applied to the mesh sheet 23, the anchor sheet 25 is placed between the fixed end 24 and the locking body 3 or is placed on the mesh sheet 23 to fix the mesh sheet 23. Thus, the tension of the mesh sheet 23 is maintained even after the operator loosens the force pushing the operating rod 5 (FIG. 3).
Thereafter, the pedestal 2 is moved and another mesh sheet is pulled, tension is applied to all the mesh sheets on the bank 20, and then banking is performed again to install a slope protection material. Repeat the work to spread the mesh sheet.
[0013]
Here, by selecting the width of the mesh sheet 23 and the width of the locking portion 4 to be substantially equal, a substantially uniform tension is generated in the entire width of the mesh sheet 23, so that the slope protection material 21 is directed inward of the slope. The tension to be pulled can be increased to the limit of the strength of the mesh sheet 23.
In addition, by making the latching body 3 into a hundred-legged shape in which a large number of claws are arranged in a plurality of rows, it becomes possible to hook the meshes in a plurality of rows of the mesh-like sheet 23, and in the case where the meshes are easy to tear. You can apply more tension without breaking the mesh.
Further, by arranging the rotary shaft 6 of the tensioner 1 closer to the locking body 3 than the end of the operating rod 5 and the middle of the locking body 3, the lever principle can be used, and the tension applied to the mesh sheet 23 Can be increased by a factor of four compared to when the operator pulls directly by hand.
Further, the operator rides on the pedestal 2 and presses the operation rod 5 and the reaction force of the operation rod 5 is received by the pedestal 2, so that the force for rotating the pedestal 2 can be offset, and the operator can stand on the ground and operate the operation rod. The weight of the pedestal 2 can be reduced as compared with the case where the reaction force of the operating rod 5 is received on the ground by pressing 5. Further, the weight of the pedestal 2 can be reduced by adding the weight of the operator to the weight of the pedestal 2.
Further, by making the shape of the bearing hole 11 vertically long or bowl-shaped, it is possible to prevent the locking claws from entering the embankment and increasing the resistance when the tensioner 1 is rotated, so that the tension applied to the mesh sheet 23 is increased. Can be made constant.
Furthermore, since the work is easier than when the operator pulls the mesh sheet 23 directly by hand, the tension applied to each mesh sheet can be made uniform, and the slope protection materials are arranged in an accurate positional relationship. There are easy advantages.
In the above description, the operator pushes the operation rod 5 to apply tension to the mesh sheet 23, but conversely, the operator stands with his back facing the fixed end of the mesh sheet 23 and brings the operation rod 5 forward. Even if it is attracted, the mesh sheet 23 can be pulled by the locking body 3 to apply tension to the mesh sheet 23.
In the above embodiment, the support element 7 of the tensioner 1 is provided with the rotary shaft 6, the bearing base 13 of the base 2 is provided with the bearing hole 11, and the tensioner 1 is rotatably supported on the base 2. On the contrary, it is also possible to provide a bearing hole in the support element 7 of the tensioner 1 and provide a rotating shaft in the bearing base 13 of the base 2.
Further, the tension leg 14 can be omitted if the size of the pedestal frame 12 is sufficiently long in the pulling direction, but there is a disadvantage that the weight of the entire pedestal becomes heavy.
[0014]
This tension applying device changes the number, shape, or interval of the claws of the locking body 3 so that a horizontal tension is applied to a sheet or string-like rope having a hole for hooking an appropriate claw like a tent cloth. Can be used as a feeding device.
In order to apply tension to the rope, it is only necessary to loop a part of the rope and pass the claw of the locking body 3 or tie it to the locking body 3. In this case, the locking body 3 needs to have a rake shape. One nail is sufficient.
[0015]
[Embodiment 2 of the present invention]
The tension applying device according to the present invention can apply tension to a sheet-like or string-like stretched body that does not have an appropriate hook by changing the structure of the locking portion 4. FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 show the structure of the locking portion 4 that does not have an appropriate hook portion and is used when tension is applied to the tension target.
The locking portion 4 includes a locking body 3 constituted by two parallel cylindrical rods 26, 27, a support member 28 that supports the two rods, and a receiver 8.
The support member 28 is a steel plate bent into a U-shape, and supports two parallel cylindrical rods 26 and 27 inside the sides of both ends of the U-shape, and is outside the center side of the U-shape. A cylindrical receiving member 8 is fixed to the frame.
The upper cylindrical rod 26 is rotatably supported by the support member 28 via a rotation shaft 29 that is eccentric with respect to the center axis of the cylinder provided at both ends. The lower cylindrical rod 27 is fixed to the support member 28. Both columnar rods 26 and 27 can be hollow cylinders in order to reduce the weight.
The interval between the two parallel cylindrical rods 26 and 27 is such that when the upper cylindrical rod 26 rotates about the rotation axis 29 and approaches the lower cylindrical rod 27 most closely, The gap between the rods 26 and 27 is selected so as to be smaller than the thickness of the sheet-like or string-like object to be tensioned. The amount of eccentricity of the rotary shaft 29 with respect to the central axis of the cylinder is selected so that when the two cylindrical rods 26 and 27 are farthest from each other, the gap between the two cylindrical rods 26 and 27 is larger than the thickness of the tension target. To do.
[0016]
Therefore, when tension is applied to the object to be tensioned, first, as shown in FIG. 5, the upper cylindrical rod 26 is rotated counterclockwise in the drawing, and the gap between the two cylindrical rods 26 and 27 is rotated. And the object to be tensioned, for example, the end of the sheet 30 is passed through the gap. Thereafter, the upper cylindrical rod 26 is rotated clockwise, the sheet 30 is sandwiched between both cylindrical rods 26, 27, and the operator rotates the operating rod 5 counterclockwise. The stop 4 pulls the sheet 30 to the right and applies tension. At this time, as the tension is applied to the sheet 30, the upper cylindrical rod 26 rotates and the gap between the cylindrical rods 26 and 27 is narrowed, so that the sheet does not slip and the tension is not released.
[0017]
[Embodiment 3 of the present invention]
The locking portion 4 in FIG. 7 is used when a tension is applied to a sheet-like or string-like tensioned body without an appropriate hooking portion.
The locking portion 4 includes a substrate 31 and a large number of needle-like claws 32 that constitute the locking body 3. The support 8 is fixed to the upper surface of the substrate 31, and a number of pointed claws 32 are planted in a sword mountain shape on the lower surface. The swelling of the lower surface of the substrate 31 is an arc centered on the rotation axis 6 of the tensioner 1, and the claws 32 are planted perpendicularly to the arc.
At the time of work, the substrate 31 is placed on the tensioned body and the nail 32 is pierced into the tensioned body, and then the operator rotates the operating rod 5 to apply tension to the tensioned body. Accordingly, the bearing hole 11 of the pedestal 2 needs to be a long hole or a long hole that is vertically long. Since the bottom surface of the substrate 31 is arcuate, the number of claws 32 that pierce the tension target is always substantially constant when the locking portion 4 rotates about the rotation shaft 6, and tension is concentrated on a specific needle. There is no. If the nail | claw 32 does not come out from a to-be-tensioned body when applying tension | tensile_strength, it does not need to penetrate a to-be-tensioned body.
The main locking portion 4 is a thick rubber sheet, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric sheet, and is suitable for applying a tension to a to-be-tensioned body that can tolerate some scratches.
[0018]
[Effect of the present invention]
Since the present invention has been described above, the following effects can be obtained. <A> With a simple device, a sufficient tensile force can be applied to a tensioned body such as a mesh-like sheet that pulls the protective material on the slope of the embankment to the inside of the slope.
<B> Compared to the case where the operator pulls directly by hand, the tension applied to the tensioned body can be made uniform over the entire width of the tensioned body, reducing the concentrated load on the tensioned body and breaking the tensioned body. Can be prevented.
<C> Since it can be disassembled into small parts, it is easy to handle during transportation and storage, and it is possible to apply tension to various tensioned bodies by changing only the locking part.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a bird's-eye view showing a structure of an example of a tension applying device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a central cross-sectional view for explaining how to use the apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a central sectional view for explaining how to use the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a bird's-eye view showing the structure of the locking portion of the second embodiment of the tension applying device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view for explaining how to use the apparatus of FIG. 4;
6 is a side view for explaining how to use the apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a structure of a locking portion of a third embodiment of the tension applying device of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tension tool 2 Base 3 Locking body 4 Locking part 5 Operation rod 6 Rotating shaft 7 Shaft support element 8 Receiving tool 9 Bolt 10 Fitting shaft 11 Bearing hole 12 Pedestal frame 13 Bearing stand 14 Overhanging leg 15 Tread 16 16 Protrusion 18 Bolt 19 Protrusion 20 Filling fixed end 21 Slope protecting material 22 Connecting member 23 Mesh sheet 24 Fixed end 25 Anchor 26 Rod 27 Rod 28 Support member 29 Rotating shaft 30 Sheet 31 Substrate 32 Claw

Claims (9)

In order to prevent deformation of the slope of the embankment, in the reinforced embankment method of placing a mesh sheet etc. between each embankment layer constructed hierarchically,
An apparatus for applying tension to the sheet, or string-like object tension body such as the reticulated sheet,
At one end, it has a locking part that locks the tensioned body,
A tensioner having a rod-like operating rod at the other end;
It is characterized in that it is composed of a base that rotatably supports the fastening portion of the tensioner and the operation rod around a horizontal axis,
Tensioning device. In claim 1,
A tension applying device characterized in that a claw-like object is formed in the locking portion. In claim 1,
A tension applying device, wherein a plurality of rod-like objects capable of sandwiching a body to be tensioned are provided in the engaging portion. In any one of Claims 1 to 3,
The upholstery and the pedestal
A tension applying device characterized by being pivotally supported so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
The upholstery is
It consists of a locking part, a pivot element having a rotary shaft or bearing, and an operating rod.
A tension applying device characterized in that they can be disassembled and assembled. In any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5,
The pedestal is
A pedestal frame that rotatably supports the tension member about a horizontal axis;
It consists of overhanging legs provided at the bottom of the pedestal frame,
A tension applying device, wherein the overhanging leg is separable from the base frame. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6,
A tension applying device, characterized in that a protrusion protrudes from the lower grounding surface of the pedestal. In order to prevent deformation of the slope of the embankment, in the reinforced embankment method of placing a mesh sheet etc. between each embankment layer constructed hierarchically,
A method of applying tension to the sheet, or string-like object tension body such as the reticulated sheet,
Using the tension applying device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Using the lever principle, pull the tension object in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the operating rod of the tensioner that is pivotally supported on the pedestal.
It is characterized in that tension is applied to the body to be tensioned,
A method of applying tension. In claim 8,
After applying tension to the sheet-like or string-like stretched body,
An anchor is placed or placed on a tensioned body, and the tensioned body is fixed while leaving the tension.
A method of applying tension.

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