JP4249531B2 - Vacuum valve - Google Patents

Vacuum valve Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4249531B2
JP4249531B2 JP2003108684A JP2003108684A JP4249531B2 JP 4249531 B2 JP4249531 B2 JP 4249531B2 JP 2003108684 A JP2003108684 A JP 2003108684A JP 2003108684 A JP2003108684 A JP 2003108684A JP 4249531 B2 JP4249531 B2 JP 4249531B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
diameter portion
arc shield
vacuum valve
fixed
large diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP2003108684A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004319151A (en
Inventor
経世 関
健二 加藤
康一 友光
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Toshiba Corp
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Toshiba Corp
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Publication date
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Priority to JP2003108684A priority Critical patent/JP4249531B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、真空バルブに係り、特に耐電圧特性を向上し得る改良したアークシールドを備えた真空バルブに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
周知のように真空遮断器は、小形、軽量、メンテナンスフリー、環境調和など優れた特徴を有するため、適用範囲が拡大している。真空遮断器に用いられる真空バルブは、真空中でのアーク拡散性を利用したもので、真空中で一対の接点を開離させて電流遮断を行うものである。
【0003】
代表的な真空バルブの縦断面図を示す図3において、アルミナ磁器からなる筒形の真空絶縁容器1には、その両端開口端面に固定側封着金具2aと可動側封着金具2bとが気密に封止されている。
【0004】
そして、固定側封着金具2aには、互いに接離自在の一方の電路となる固定通電軸3が気密に貫通固定され、この固定通電軸3の端部に固定側接点4が取付けられている。この固定側接点4と対向して、可動側接点5が図示していない操作機構に連結された他方の電路となる可動通電軸6の端部に固着されている。
【0005】
また、可動通電軸6の真空絶縁容器1内中間部には、円板状のベローズカバー7が固着されており、このベローズカバー7と可動側封着金具2bの中央開口部間にベローズ8の端部がそれぞれ気密に固着されている。これにより、内部圧力1×10−2Pa以下に真空バルブ内の真空度を維持しながら、可動通電軸6を軸方向に移動させることが可能になっている。
【0006】
一方、真空絶縁容器1の内面中間部に設けた凸部1aには、両接点4、5を包囲するように筒状のアークシールド9が例えばロー付けで固定され、固定側接点4と可動側接点5の電流開閉時に発生する金属蒸気が真空絶縁容器1の内面に付着して、沿面の絶縁抵抗が低下するのを防止している(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
【0007】
このアークシールド9は、例えばSUS304からなる金属製筒を絞り加工により軸方向中間部を境として、一方端が細径部9a、他方端が太径部9bに形成されている。この太径部9bの内径は、ベローズカバー7の外径より若干大きく形成されている。
【0008】
更に、細径部9aから太径部9bまでが例えば板厚0.8mm程度のほぼ均一の板厚で形成され、両端部には、所定の曲率を持たせて電界集中を防いでいる。そして、細径部9aが固定側接点4側、また太径部9bが可動側接点5側に配設されている。
【0009】
【特許文献1】
特公平6−58779号公報(第2頁、第1図)
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来の真空バルブにおいては、以下のような問題がある。
【0011】
両接点4、5間で電流遮断をした場合、拡散された金属蒸気は、アークシールド9およびベローズカバー7などに捕捉され、これらの表面には金属溶融物が付着形成される。
【0012】
アークシールド9には、殆どの金属溶融物が内面に付着されるが、一部がアークシールド9を飛び越えて周縁部近傍にも付着される。太径部9bでは、金属蒸気がベローズカバー7とに分散して捕捉されるので周縁部近傍の金属溶融物の付着は少なくなるものの、細径部9aでは、殆どの金属蒸気を捕捉することになるので周縁部近傍には多数の金属溶融物が付着される。
【0013】
そして、細径部9aでは、多数の金属溶融物が付着して表面が凸凹部に形成されるので、その先端部では電界集中が起こる。このことは、アークシールド9の端部より形成された凸凹部の方が電界強度が上昇することであり、その結果、固定側接点4とアークシールド9間の耐電圧特性を低下させる。これは、遮断後の耐電圧特性が著しく低下し、絶縁破壊に到る可能性がある状態になる。
【0014】
本発明の目的は、上記課題に鑑みなされたもので、アークシールド端部の電界集中を防ぎ、耐電圧特性を向上し得るアークシールドを備えた真空バルブを提供することにある。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために本発明の真空バルブは、真空絶縁容器内に配置され、且つ互いに接離自在の固定側と可動側の一対の接点を有するとともに、この一対の接点を取り囲むSUSよりなる筒状のアークシールドを有する真空バルブであって、前記アークシールドを軸方向の中間部を境として細径部とこの細径部を押し広げた太径部とに形成し、前記太径部より細径部の板厚を厚くしてこの細径部端部の曲率半径を太径部端部の曲率半径より大きくし、前記細径部を前記一対の接点の固定側に配設したことを特徴とする。
【0016】
このような構成によれば、少なくとも固定側接点側を取り囲むアークシールドの端部の曲率半径を大きくすることができるので、金属溶融物が周縁部近傍の表面に付着しても電界集中を起こし難く、遮断後の耐電圧特性を向上し得ることができる。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
(第1の実施の形態)
先ず、本発明の第1の実施の形態に係るアークシールドを備えた真空バルブを図1を参照して説明する。図1は、本発明の第1の実施の形態に係るアークシールドを備えた真空バルブの縦断面である。なお、従来と同様の構成部分については、同一符号を付した。
【0018】
図1に示すように、アルミナ磁器からなる筒形の真空絶縁容器1には、その両端開口端面に固定側封着金具2aと可動側封着金具2bとが気密に封止されている。
【0019】
そして、固定側封着金具2aには、互いに接離自在の一方の電路となる固定通電軸3が気密に貫通固定され、この固定通電軸3の端部に固定側接点4が取付けられている。また、この固定側接点4と対向して、可動側接点5が図示していない操作機構に連結された他方の電路となる可動通電軸6の端部に固着されている。
【0020】
可動通電軸6の真空絶縁容器1内中間部には、円板状のベローズカバー7が固着されている。また、このベローズカバー7と可動側封着金具2bの中央開口部間には、ベローズ8の端部がそれぞれ気密に固着されている。
【0021】
一方、真空絶縁容器1の内面中間部に設けた凸部1aには、両接点4、5を包囲するように筒状のアークシールド11が例えばロー付けで固定されている。このアークシールド11は、例えばSUS304からなる金属製筒を軸方向の中間部を境として、一方端が細径部11aに、他方端が太径部11bに形成されている。この太径部11bの内径は、ベローズカバー7の外径より若干大きく形成されている。
【0022】
この太径部11bの形成には、例えば外周が軸方向に複数に分割されて円柱状を形成し、この円柱状の外周径が変化するように構成された押し広げ工具を用い、この押し広げ工具を前記金属製筒の内周面に押し当て、筒状に押し広げるように加圧して塑性変形させ太径部11bとしている。そして、押し広げられなかった部分は、細径部11aとなる。
【0023】
このため、細径部11aでは板厚が変化しないものの、太径部11bでは板厚が薄くなる。例えば板厚1mmの金属製筒を用いた場合、直径を略1.2倍押し広げることにより、太径部11bの板厚が0.8mm程度まで薄くなる。これらの板厚は、予め押し広げる大きさとその板厚の関係を求めておけば、細径部11aと太径部11bを所定値に管理することができる。
【0024】
押し広げ後は、例えばバレル加工で表面を研磨するとともに、両端部に板厚に合わせた曲率を形成させる。このため、これら端部の曲率半径は、太径部11bより細径部11aの方を大きくすることができる。
【0025】
上記第1の実施の形態のアークシールド11を備えた真空バルブによれば、アークシールド11の細径部11aの板厚が厚くなるので、細径部11a端部の曲率半径を大きくすることができる。これにより、細径部11aの周縁部近傍に金属溶融物が多数付着しても、端部の曲率半径が大きいため、電界集中を起こし難く、電流遮断後の耐電圧特性を向上し得ることができる。
【0026】
(第2の実施の形態)
次に、本発明の第2の実施の形態に係るアークシールドを備えた真空バルブを図2を参照して説明する。図2は、本発明の第2の実施の形態に係るアークシールドの縦断面図である。なお、真空バルブの全体構成は、第1の実施の形態と同様の構成であるので説明を省略する。
【0027】
図2に示すように、筒状のアークシールド12は、例えばSUS304からなる金属製筒の両端が細径部12a、中間部が太径部12bになるように形成されている。この太径部12bの形成には、押し広げられる円柱状の外形が太径部12bの内径φと軸方向長さLに合わせた押し広げ工具を用い、この工具を一方の細径部12a側から中間部まで挿入して、筒状に押し広げるように加圧して塑性変形させ、工具を元に戻して引抜くことにより容易に行える。
【0028】
ここで、細径部12aが形成される前記金属筒の内径は、ベローズカバー7の外径より若干大きいものを用いている。
【0029】
これにより、細径部12aでは板厚が変化しないものの、太径部12bでは板厚が薄くなる。例えば板厚1mmの金属製筒を用いた場合、直径を略1.2倍押し広げることにより、太径部12bの板厚が0.8mm程度まで薄くなる。これらの板厚は、予め押し広げる大きさとその板厚の関係を求めておけば、細径部12aと太径部12bを所定値に管理することができる。
【0030】
押し広げ後は、例えばバレル加工で表面を研磨するとともに、細径部12aの板厚が厚いため、その両端部の曲率半径を大きくすることができる。
【0031】
上記第2の実施の形態のアークシールド12を備えた真空バルブによれば、アークシールド12の両端の板厚が厚く曲率半径を大きくすることができるので、金属溶融物が周縁部近傍の表面に付着しても電界集中を起こし難く、電流遮断後の耐電圧特性を向上し得ることができる。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によるアークシールドを備えた真空バルブは、アークシールを板厚の薄い太径部および板厚の厚い細径部に形成し、少なくとも固定側接点側に細径部を配設して端部の曲率半径を大きくしているので、金属溶融物が周縁部近傍の表面に付着しても電界集中を起こし難く、遮断後の耐電圧特性を向上し得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の第1の実施の形態に係るアークシールドを備えた真空バルブを示す縦断面図。
【図2】 本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る真空バルブのアークシールドを示す縦断面図。
【図3】 従来の真空バルブの構成を示す縦断面図。
【符号の説明】
1 真空絶縁容器
2a 固定側封着金具
2b 可動側封着金具
3 固定通電軸
4 固定側接点
5 可動側接点
6 可動通電軸
7 ベローズカバー
8 ベローズ
9、11、12 アークシールド
9a、11a、12a 細径部
9b、11b、12b 太径部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vacuum valve, and more particularly to a vacuum valve having an improved arc shield that can improve withstand voltage characteristics.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As is well known, the vacuum circuit breaker has excellent features such as small size, light weight, maintenance-free, and environmental harmony, so that the application range is expanded. A vacuum valve used in a vacuum circuit breaker utilizes arc diffusibility in a vacuum, and performs current interruption by opening a pair of contacts in a vacuum.
[0003]
In FIG. 3 which shows a longitudinal sectional view of a typical vacuum valve, a cylindrical vacuum insulating container 1 made of alumina porcelain has a fixed sealing metal fitting 2a and a movable sealing metal fitting 2b at the opening end faces of both ends. Is sealed.
[0004]
A fixed energizing shaft 3 that is one of electric paths that are detachable from each other is hermetically penetrated and fixed to the fixed-side sealing metal fitting 2a, and a fixed-side contact 4 is attached to the end of the fixed energizing shaft 3. . Opposing to the fixed side contact 4, the movable side contact 5 is fixed to the end of the movable energizing shaft 6 serving as the other electric path connected to an operation mechanism (not shown).
[0005]
Further, a disc-shaped bellows cover 7 is fixed to the middle portion of the movable energizing shaft 6 in the vacuum insulating container 1, and the bellows 8 is interposed between the bellows cover 7 and the central opening of the movable side sealing fitting 2b. The ends are fixed in an airtight manner. Thereby, the movable energizing shaft 6 can be moved in the axial direction while maintaining the degree of vacuum in the vacuum valve at an internal pressure of 1 × 10 −2 Pa or less.
[0006]
On the other hand, a cylindrical arc shield 9 is fixed by brazing, for example, so as to surround both contacts 4 and 5, on the convex portion 1 a provided in the intermediate portion of the inner surface of the vacuum insulating container 1. It prevents that the metal vapor | steam generated at the time of the current switching of the contact 5 adheres to the inner surface of the vacuum insulation container 1, and the insulation resistance of a creeping surface falls (for example, refer patent document 1).
[0007]
The arc shield 9 is formed, for example, by drawing a metal tube made of SUS304, with a narrow diameter portion 9a at one end and a large diameter portion 9b at the other end, with the intermediate portion in the axial direction as a boundary. The inner diameter of the large diameter portion 9 b is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bellows cover 7.
[0008]
Further, the narrow-diameter portion 9a to the large-diameter portion 9b are formed with a substantially uniform plate thickness of about 0.8 mm, for example, and both ends have a predetermined curvature to prevent electric field concentration. The small diameter portion 9a is disposed on the fixed contact 4 side, and the large diameter portion 9b is disposed on the movable contact 5 side.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 6-587779 (2nd page, Fig. 1)
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional vacuum valve has the following problems.
[0011]
When the current is interrupted between the contacts 4 and 5, the diffused metal vapor is captured by the arc shield 9 and the bellows cover 7, and a metal melt is deposited on these surfaces.
[0012]
Most of the molten metal is attached to the inner surface of the arc shield 9, but a part of the molten metal jumps over the arc shield 9 and is also attached to the vicinity of the peripheral edge. In the large diameter portion 9b, the metal vapor is dispersed and captured in the bellows cover 7, so that the adhesion of the metal melt in the vicinity of the peripheral portion is reduced. However, in the small diameter portion 9a, most of the metal vapor is captured. Therefore, a large number of metal melts adhere to the vicinity of the peripheral edge.
[0013]
And in the small diameter part 9a, since many metal melts adhere and the surface is formed in a convex-concave part, electric field concentration occurs in the front-end | tip part. This is because the electric field strength is higher in the convex and concave portions formed from the end portion of the arc shield 9, and as a result, the withstand voltage characteristic between the fixed side contact 4 and the arc shield 9 is lowered. This results in a state where the withstand voltage characteristics after the interruption is significantly lowered and there is a possibility of dielectric breakdown.
[0014]
An object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum valve provided with an arc shield that can prevent electric field concentration at the end of the arc shield and improve a withstand voltage characteristic.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a vacuum valve according to the present invention comprises a SUS that is disposed in a vacuum insulating container and has a pair of contacts on a fixed side and a movable side that are detachable from each other and surrounds the pair of contacts. A vacuum valve having a cylindrical arc shield, wherein the arc shield is formed into a small diameter portion with a middle portion in the axial direction as a boundary, and a large diameter portion that widens the small diameter portion, from the large diameter portion The plate thickness of the small diameter portion is increased so that the radius of curvature of the end of the small diameter portion is larger than the radius of curvature of the end of the large diameter portion, and the small diameter portion is disposed on the fixed side of the pair of contacts. Features.
[0016]
According to such a configuration, since the radius of curvature of the end portion of the arc shield that surrounds at least the stationary contact side can be increased, electric field concentration is unlikely to occur even when the metal melt adheres to the surface in the vicinity of the peripheral portion. In addition, the withstand voltage characteristics after interruption can be improved.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(First embodiment)
First, a vacuum valve provided with an arc shield according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vacuum bulb provided with an arc shield according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol was attached | subjected about the component similar to the past.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 1, in a cylindrical vacuum insulating container 1 made of alumina porcelain, a fixed-side sealing metal fitting 2a and a movable-side sealing metal fitting 2b are hermetically sealed at both end openings.
[0019]
A fixed energizing shaft 3 that is one of electric paths that are detachable from each other is hermetically penetrated and fixed to the fixed-side sealing metal fitting 2a, and a fixed-side contact 4 is attached to the end of the fixed energizing shaft 3. . Opposite to the fixed side contact 4, the movable side contact 5 is fixed to the end of the movable energizing shaft 6 serving as the other electric path connected to an operation mechanism (not shown).
[0020]
A disc-shaped bellows cover 7 is fixed to an intermediate portion of the movable energizing shaft 6 in the vacuum insulating container 1. Further, between the bellows cover 7 and the central opening of the movable-side sealing fitting 2b, end portions of the bellows 8 are fixed in an airtight manner.
[0021]
On the other hand, a cylindrical arc shield 11 is fixed by brazing, for example, so as to surround both the contacts 4, 5 on the convex portion 1 a provided at the intermediate portion of the inner surface of the vacuum insulating container 1. The arc shield 11 is formed, for example, with a metal tube made of SUS304 at the middle portion in the axial direction as a boundary at one end at the small diameter portion 11a and at the other end at the large diameter portion 11b. The inner diameter of the large diameter portion 11 b is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bellows cover 7.
[0022]
For forming the large-diameter portion 11b, for example, an outer periphery is divided into a plurality of columns in the axial direction to form a columnar shape, and a spreader tool configured to change the outer peripheral diameter of the columnar shape is used. The tool is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the metal cylinder and pressed so as to spread in a cylindrical shape to be plastically deformed to form a large diameter portion 11b. And the part which was not spread out becomes the small diameter part 11a.
[0023]
For this reason, although plate | board thickness does not change in the small diameter part 11a, plate | board thickness becomes thin in the large diameter part 11b. For example, when a metal tube having a plate thickness of 1 mm is used, the plate thickness of the large-diameter portion 11b is reduced to about 0.8 mm by expanding the diameter approximately 1.2 times. These plate thicknesses can be managed to a predetermined value for the small-diameter portion 11a and the large-diameter portion 11b if the relationship between the plate size and the plate thickness is obtained in advance.
[0024]
After spreading, the surface is polished by, for example, barrel processing, and a curvature matching the thickness is formed at both ends. For this reason, the radius of curvature of these end portions can be made larger in the small diameter portion 11a than in the large diameter portion 11b.
[0025]
According to the vacuum valve provided with the arc shield 11 of the first embodiment, since the plate thickness of the small diameter portion 11a of the arc shield 11 is increased, the radius of curvature of the end portion of the small diameter portion 11a can be increased. it can. As a result, even if a large number of metal melts adhere to the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the small-diameter portion 11a, the curvature radius of the end portion is large, so that electric field concentration is difficult to occur and the withstand voltage characteristics after current interruption can be improved. it can.
[0026]
(Second Embodiment)
Next, a vacuum valve provided with an arc shield according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an arc shield according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The overall configuration of the vacuum valve is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 2, the cylindrical arc shield 12 is formed so that, for example, both ends of a metal tube made of SUS304 are the small diameter portion 12 a and the middle portion is the large diameter portion 12 b. For the formation of the large diameter portion 12b, a spreading tool whose cylindrical outer shape to be expanded is matched with the inner diameter φ and the axial length L of the large diameter portion 12b is used. Can be easily performed by inserting from the middle to the middle, pressurizing and expanding in a cylindrical shape, and then pulling the tool back.
[0028]
Here, the inner diameter of the metal cylinder in which the narrow diameter portion 12 a is formed is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bellows cover 7.
[0029]
Thereby, although plate | board thickness does not change in the small diameter part 12a, plate | board thickness becomes thin in the large diameter part 12b. For example, when a metal cylinder having a plate thickness of 1 mm is used, the plate thickness of the large diameter portion 12b is reduced to about 0.8 mm by expanding the diameter by about 1.2 times. These plate thicknesses can be managed to a predetermined value for the small-diameter portion 12a and the large-diameter portion 12b if the relationship between the plate size and the plate thickness is obtained in advance.
[0030]
After the spreading, the surface is polished by, for example, barrel processing, and the plate thickness of the small diameter portion 12a is thick, so that the radius of curvature at both ends can be increased.
[0031]
According to the vacuum valve provided with the arc shield 12 of the second embodiment, since the plate thickness at both ends of the arc shield 12 is thick and the radius of curvature can be increased, the metal melt is applied to the surface in the vicinity of the peripheral edge. Even if it adheres, electric field concentration hardly occurs, and the withstand voltage characteristics after current interruption can be improved.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the vacuum valve provided with the arc shield according to the present invention has an arc seal formed on a thin large-diameter portion and a thick thin-diameter portion, and at least a small-diameter portion on the fixed contact side. Since the curvature radius of the end portion is increased by arranging, the electric field concentration hardly occurs even if the metal melt adheres to the surface in the vicinity of the peripheral edge portion, and the withstand voltage characteristic after interruption can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a vacuum valve provided with an arc shield according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an arc shield of a vacuum valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional vacuum valve.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vacuum insulation container 2a Fixed side sealing metal fitting 2b Movable side sealing metal fitting 3 Fixed energizing shaft 4 Fixed side contact 5 Movable side contact 6 Movable energizing shaft 7 Bellows cover 8 Bellows 9, 11, 12 Arc shield 9a, 11a, 12a Fine Diameter part 9b, 11b, 12b Large diameter part

Claims (2)

真空絶縁容器内に配置され、且つ互いに接離自在の固定側と可動側の一対の接点を有するとともに、この一対の接点を取り囲むSUSよりなる筒状のアークシールドを有する真空バルブであって、
前記アークシールドを軸方向の中間部を境として細径部とこの細径部を押し広げた太径部とに形成し、前記太径部より細径部の板厚を厚くしてこの細径部端部の曲率半径を太径部端部の曲率半径より大きくし、
前記細径部を前記一対の接点の固定側に配設したことを特徴とする真空バルブ。
A vacuum valve having a cylindrical arc shield made of SUS , which is disposed in a vacuum insulating container and has a pair of contacts on the fixed side and movable side that are detachable from each other, and surrounds the pair of contacts,
The arc shield is formed into a small diameter portion with a middle portion in the axial direction as a boundary and a large diameter portion obtained by expanding the small diameter portion, and the thin diameter portion is made thicker than the large diameter portion. The radius of curvature at the end of the part is larger than the radius of curvature at the end of the large diameter part,
A vacuum valve characterized in that the narrow diameter portion is disposed on a fixed side of the pair of contacts.
前記アークシールドの両端を細径部、中間部を太径部に形成し、前記太径部より前記細径部の板厚を厚くしたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の真空バルブ。  The vacuum valve according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the arc shield are formed in a narrow diameter portion and an intermediate portion is formed in a large diameter portion, and the thickness of the thin diameter portion is made thicker than the large diameter portion.
JP2003108684A 2003-04-14 2003-04-14 Vacuum valve Expired - Fee Related JP4249531B2 (en)

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JP6178563B2 (en) * 2012-11-21 2017-08-09 株式会社東芝 Vacuum valve

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