JP4240520B2 - Error information display method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a programming language processing system such as a compiler or an interpreter, and in particular, an error information display method for displaying an error message in an easily understandable type when the programming language processing system detects an error during a source program analysis process. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, a strongly typed programming language having a user-defined data type, such as a C ++ language, is often used as a programming language.
The user-defined data type is a data type newly defined by the program developer by combining basic data types such as integers and character strings.
In addition, a strongly typed programming language is a programming language in which an error occurs if the data types do not exactly match when values are assigned.
A source program written in such a programming language is compiled by a compiler and converted into an object program that can be executed on a computer.
When the compiler detects an error in the source program at the time of compilation, the compiler outputs an error message, and displays error information such as the type of error and the location on the source program where the error is detected to the program developer.
The program developer needs to read the error message, determine an appropriate source program correction method, and correct the source program.
In a strongly typed programming language, many of the errors detected by the compiler are data type related errors, including mismatches between the data types of the left and right sides of an assignment statement.
[0003]
  Furthermore, when a user-defined data type that is a complex combination of data types is used, the data type name may be a long name with a complex structure.
  This tendency becomes prominent when a user-defined data type called a template type is used in a C ++ language program. In the C ++ language, as described in the document a: “The C ++ programming language third edition” (B. Strustrup, published by Addison-Wesley), pages 327 to 354, the data type is used as a parameter. You can define user-defined data types that are called.
  Since the template type name is a name that includes the name of the data type given as a parameter in a nested manner, it may be a long name with a complicated nested structure.
  If an error related to a template type occurs at compile time, the error message will contain this long template type name.
  As a result, in a strongly typed programming language having a user-defined data type, an error message output at the time of compilation often includes a long name having a complicated structure as a data type name.
  In the prior art, an error message including such a long name is displayed as simple text.
  The existing “error message” applied in the present invention has a structure in which three elements “file name in which an error has occurred”, “symbol indicating the type of error”, and “description of error” are connected by a colon. . An existing C that outputs an error message with this structure ++ As a language processing system, for example, M icrosoft V isual C ++ 4.1 Are described in the following two documents.
(1) M icrosoft V isual C ++ 4.1 Included online manual
      In particular, include_alias Page of
(2) V isual C ++ Solid line programming / Tajima Takayuki, Engineering, ISBN4-87593-218-9 , Page 46, figure “CC olor S tatic Initialization "
  Note that the “error description” may include a long name having a complicated structure as a data type name, for example, M icrosoft V isual C ++ 4.1 Error C 2664 Seen in 'function': number The second argument 'type1' From 'type2' Cannot convert to. ”And this is related to the document (1) (particularly compiler error C). 2664 Page).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the prior art, there is a problem that the efficiency of the program developer reading the error message and determining the program correction method is remarkably lowered for the following reason.
(1) Since the data type name is long and occupies most of the error message, it is difficult to grasp the entire error message as a sentence. This makes it difficult to understand the meaning of the entire error message.
(2) Since the data type name is long and complicated, it is difficult to grasp the structure of the data type name. Therefore, it is difficult to find the mismatched portion of the data type that caused the error, particularly in an error caused by the mismatch of the data type.
The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problems, and aims to solve the following problems.
(1) Providing an error information display method for displaying the meaning of the entire error message in a format that can be easily understood by the program developer in an error message including a long name as a data type name.
(2) Error information display method for displaying the structure of the data type name included in the error message in a format that can be easily understood by the program developer in an error message including a long name having a complicated structure as the data type name Offer.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides:
An error information display method for an error message output in a translation process for translating a source program into an object program,
Parsing an error message in which the text and data type name output in the translation process are mixed to generate syntax tree data,
Determine the node type of each child node in the generated syntax tree data,
As a result of the determination, the text is displayed for a character string node, and the data type name is displayed for a structure node, whereby the text and the data type name are displayed separately.
Further, when the data type name is displayed, the data type name is configured in a tree shape based on the tree structure of the structure node in the syntax tree data.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
In this embodiment, the error information display method provided by the present invention is realized as part of a GUI front end that is a program that provides a GUI (graphical user interface) for operating a C ++ language compiler.
A program developer can create and edit a source program to be input to the compiler by operating the GUI front end.
Further, by operating the GUI front end and instructing compilation, the compiler can be started and the source program can be compiled.
The GUI front end according to the present embodiment is characterized in that when the compiler detects an error during compilation, the data type name included in the error message is extracted and displayed in a tree shape.
By using this GUI front end, the program developer can refer to the error message output from the compiler in the form of a tree.
Therefore, it is easier to understand the meaning of the entire error message than to display the error message as simple text, and it is easier to understand the structure of the data type name included in the error message. It is possible to easily determine the source program correction method.
[0007]
Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a GUI front end in the present embodiment.
The GUI front end 100 is a GUI program that executes compilation by the operation of a program developer and formats and displays an error message output by the compiler in a tree shape. The error message syntax that parses the error message and outputs a syntax tree. The analysis module 102 includes an error information shaping display module 103 for shaping and displaying the syntax tree in a tree shape.
The program developer operates the GUI front end, compiles the source program, and refers to the error message output as a result in the form of a tree.
[0008]
The compiler 101 is a conventional compiler that compiles a source program and outputs an error message. The compiler 101 is started from the GUI front end 100, reads a source program 201 described in the C ++ language, executes compilation, and executes an object program 202. Output.
When an error in the source program is detected during compilation, an error message 301 that is text data representing error information is output.
The error message parsing module 102 is a module that parses an error message output by the compiler. The error message parsing module 102 receives the error message 301, parses the error message, and outputs syntax tree data 302 that holds the analysis processing result. To do.
The error information shaping / displaying module 103 is a module for shaping and displaying the syntax analysis result of the error message in a tree shape. The error information shaping / displaying module 103 receives the syntax tree data 302 as input, and shapes and displays the contents in a tree shape according to the structure of the syntax tree.
According to the module configuration described above, it is possible to implement a GUI front end that executes compilation by the operation of a program developer and formats and displays error messages output by the compiler in a tree shape.
[0009]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a display screen of the GUI front end 100.
The GUI front end display screen 500 is a display screen of the GUI front end 100, and includes a menu area 501, a source program editing area 502, and an error information display area 503.
The menu area 501 is an area where the program developer instructs an operation on the GUI front end. The program developer selects a menu item displayed in this area to instruct operations such as creation of a source program and compilation of the source program.
The source program editing area 502 is an area for displaying the contents of the source program and allowing the program developer to edit the source program.
The error information display area 503 is an area in which error messages output as a result of compilation are displayed in a tree shape.
According to the display screen having the above configuration, the program developer can create and edit a source program, start the compiler, compile the source program, and format the error message output as a result of compilation. It is possible to provide a GUI front end that can be referenced.
[0010]
Next, in the present embodiment, an operation for the GUI front end to display the error message output from the compiler in a tree shape will be described in detail.
FIG. 3 is a PAD diagram showing a processing procedure of the GUI front end 100 when the program developer operates the GUI front end 100 to instruct compilation.
In step 601, the compiler 101 is started and an error message 301 is received as a result.
In step 602, the error message parsing module 102 is activated, the error message 301 is passed, and the syntax tree data 302 is received as a result.
In step 603, the error information shaping display module 103 is activated and the syntax tree data 302 is passed.
Through the above procedure, the GUI front end can compile the source program and, as a result, realize the operation of formatting and displaying error messages in a tree shape.
[0011]
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a data structure of the syntax tree data 302.
The syntax tree data 302 is data that holds the syntax analysis result of the error message, and includes nodes 303 that are data representing each syntax element of the error message, which is configured in a tree shape. In addition, although the code | symbol 303 which shows a node is described only in one of the upper nodes, the code | symbol 303 is not described in the other lower node, but this is abbreviate | omitting description.
These nodes have the following two types.
One is a character string node representing a partial character string in the error message, and holds the character string.
The other is a structure node representing a syntax element having a structure in the error message, and holds a plurality of nodes as child nodes in order.
The structure node that is the root of the syntax tree represents the entire error message, and the structure node other than the root represents the data type name.
[0012]
The node 303 is data representing each syntax element of the error message, has a node type 3031 and a character string 3032, and has an ordered list of child nodes 3033.
The node type 3031 is a value representing the type of the node 303, and stores either a value “D” representing a character string node or a value “S” representing a structure node.
A character string 3032 is a partial character string in the error message represented by the node 303. Used only when the node type of the node 303 is a character string node.
The child node 3033 is a pointer indicating a child node of the node 303, and a plurality of child nodes 3033 are held in the node 303 as an ordered list. Used only when the node type of the node 303 is a structure node.
According to the above data structure, it is possible to hold the syntax analysis result of the error message.
[0013]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how the error message syntax analysis module 102 parses an error message 301 as an example of an error message and outputs syntax tree data 302.
In this figure, among the nodes 303 constituting the syntax tree data 302, nodes indicated by solid lines are structural nodes, and nodes indicated by broken lines are character string nodes.
The character string shown inside the character string node is the content of the character string 3032 held by each node.
The parsing process in the error message parsing module 102 is described, for example, in pages 181 to 182 of the document b: “Compilers Principles, Technologies, and Tools” (A. V. Aho et al., Published by Addison-Wesley). The recursive descent parser that is used can be used.
Specifically, the data type name in the error message is recognized by paying attention to the character “'”, and is included in the data type name in a nested manner, paying attention to the characters “<”, “,”, “>” A recursive descending parser that recognizes data type names can be used.
As described above, the error message syntax analysis module 102 parses the error message 301 and outputs the syntax tree data 302.
[0014]
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the display contents of the error information display area 503 when the error information shaping display module 103 displays the syntax tree data 302 having the contents shown in FIG.
The tree 5031 is a graphic on the screen representing the structure of the error message, and is formed by displaying a plurality of nodes 5032 in a tree shape. The structure of the tree 5031 corresponds to the tree structure focusing on the structure node in the syntax tree data 302.
A node 5032 is a graphic on the screen representing each syntax element of the error message, and is a constituent element of the tree 5031. Each node 5032 corresponds to each structural node in the syntax tree data 302.
The label 5033 is a character string on the screen representing the error message or data type name represented by the node 5032 in a short form in which the data type name contained therein is replaced with a short symbol, and is displayed accompanying each node 5032. Is done.
In the figure, T1 in A <T1> of the node shown on the upper side indicates B of the lower node, and this A <T1> means A <B>.
Further, T1 in A <T1> written on the lower side indicates C <T1, T2> of the lower node, and T1 in C <T1, T2> is the upper side of the lower nodes. , T2 points to the lower node E among the subordinate nodes, so that C <T1, T2> represents C <D, E>. Further, A <T1> written on the lower side means A <C <D, E >>.
As described above, the error information shaping display module 103 shapes and displays the syntax tree data 302 in a tree shape according to the structure of the syntax tree.
As a result, the data type name included in the error message is displayed separately from the error message, and the data type name is displayed in a tree shape according to the structure, so that the meaning and data type of the entire error message can be given to the program writer. The name structure can be easily understood.
[0015]
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the error information shaping display module 103.
The error information shaping / displaying module 103 is called from an error information shaping / displaying routine 1031 for shaping and displaying a syntax tree in a tree shape, and an error information shaping / displaying routine 1031 to display an error message or data type name represented by each node of the syntax tree. It has a label display routine 1032 for displaying in a shortened format.
The error information shaping / displaying routine 1031 is a routine that takes the syntax tree data 302 as input and formats and displays the syntax tree data 302 in a tree shape.
Each node 303 of the syntax tree data 302 is displayed in the form of a tree on the screen, and the error message or data type name represented by those nodes is shortened by calling the label display routine 1032 for each node 303. Display in format.
The processing for displaying each node 303 of the syntax tree data 302 in a tree form on the screen may be performed by using a general method for displaying data having a tree structure in a tree form corresponding to the structure.
The process for calling the label display routine 1032 for each node 303 may use a general method for performing a specific process for each node of data having a tree structure.
The label display routine 1032 is a routine that takes the node 303 as an input and displays the error message or data type name represented by the node 303 in a short form.
According to the above configuration, the syntax tree data 302 can be shaped and displayed in a tree shape as shown in FIG.
[0016]
FIG. 8 is a PAD showing the processing procedure of the label display routine 1032 that takes the node 303 as an input and displays the error message or data type name represented by the node 303 in a shortened format.
In Step 611, Step 612 is executed in order for each of the child nodes 3033 of the node 303.
In step 612, the value of the node type 3031 of the node 303 pointed to by the child node 3033 is determined. If “D” represents a character string node, step 613 is executed. If “S” represents a structure node, step 614 is executed.
In step 613, the character string 3032 of the node 303 pointed to by the child node 3033 is displayed. Note that the node 303 indicated by the child node 3033, which is the execution target of step 613, is always a character string node by the determination in step 612.
In step 614, a short symbol is displayed. Note that the node 303 indicated by the child node 3033, which is the execution target of step 614, is always a structure node based on the determination in step 612.
According to the above procedure, the error message or data type name represented by the node 303 can be displayed in a shortened format in which the data type name contained therein is replaced with a short symbol.
[0017]
Next, the error message shaping display operation of the GUI front end in the present embodiment will be described using a specific example of a C ++ program.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the source program 201 described using the C ++ standard library described on pages 427 to 687 of the document a described in the section of the prior art.
In the variable declaration statement 2011, a pointer type variable p1 to the template type provided by the C ++ standard library is declared with a const qualifier meaning that the value of the area pointed to by the pointer must not be changed.
In the variable declaration statement 2012, the pointer type variable p2 to the same template type as the variable declaration statement 2011 is declared without the const qualifier.
Because of the presence of the const modifier, p1 and p2 have different data types.
In addition, implicit type conversion automatically performed by the compiler to match data types when the data types of the left and right sides of an assignment statement are different is a pointer type with a const qualifier to a pointer without a const qualifier. It does not apply to assignments to types.
Therefore, substitution from p1 to p2 results in a type mismatch error.
In the assignment statement 2013, assignment from p1 to p2 is performed. The compiler detects this assignment statement as a data type mismatch error.
Since the source program 201 includes a type mismatch error, when the source program is compiled, the compiler detects a type mismatch error and outputs an error message.
The output error message is as shown in FIG.
[0018]
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of an error message 301 output by the compiler when compiling the source program of FIG.
The data type name portion 3011 is a character string representing the data type name included in the error message 302.
The data type name portion 3012 is a character string representing the data type name included in the error message 302, similarly to the data type name portion 3011. The content of the data type name portion 3012 is equal to the character string obtained by removing the leading character string const from the data type name portion 3011.
In this way, if there is a data type mismatch error with a long and complicated name, such as the template type provided by the C ++ standard library, the data type name is displayed even if the error message output by the compiler is displayed as it is. Since the character string occupies most of the error message, it is difficult for the program developer to grasp the error message as a sentence.
Also, since the data type name is long and complicated, it is difficult to find a slight mismatch between the data types that caused the error.
[0019]
According to the present invention, even an error message that is difficult to understand as shown in FIG. 10 is shaped and displayed in a tree shape as shown in FIG. 11 and can be easily understood.
FIG. 11 shows the display contents when the error message of FIG. 10 is shaped and displayed in the error display area 504 of the GUI front end.
According to this display, the long data type name included in the error message is displayed separately from the error message, and the structure of the long data type name having a complicated structure is displayed in a tree shape. The meaning of the entire error message can be easily understood, and the difference in the data type names such as the presence or absence of the const qualifier can be easily found.
[0020]
As described above, according to the GUI front end to which the present invention is applied, a program developer can easily understand the meaning of an error message including a long name having a complicated structure as a data type name and the entire error message. In addition, the structure of the data type name can be displayed in a format that can be easily understood by the program developer.
[0021]
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a computer system that implements the present invention.
A computer system 9001 stores files such as a CPU 9002 for executing various programs such as a GUI front end, a main memory 9003 for storing programs executed by the CPU and temporary data, and a source program serving as an input of a compiler. An external storage device 9004 for display, a display device 9005 for the program developer to refer to the display screen of the GUI front end, and an input device 9006 for the program developer to operate the GUI front end.
The main storage device 9003 stores the GUI front end 100 and the compiler 101 as programs, and also stores a work area 9010 for storing temporary data. In the work area 9010, an error message 301 and syntax tree data 302 are stored during execution of processing by the GUI front end and the compiler.
The external storage device 9004 stores a source program 201 and an object program 202 as files.
According to the computer system having the above configuration, the present invention can be realized.
[0022]
In the present embodiment, a C ++ language compiler is used as a programming language processing system, but the present invention can also be applied to programming languages other than C ++. The present invention can also be applied to other types of programming language processing systems such as an interpreter.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As explained above, according to the present invention,
In an error message including a long name as a data type name, it is possible to provide an error information display method for displaying the meaning of the entire error message in a format that can be easily understood by a program developer.
Also, an error information display method that displays the structure of the data type name included in the error message in a format that can be easily understood by the program developer in an error message that includes a long name with a complex structure as the data type name. Can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a GUI front end to which the present invention is applied;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a display screen of a GUI front end according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a PAD showing a processing procedure of a GUI front end in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a data structure of syntax tree data in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining how the error message syntax analysis module according to the present invention parses an error message and outputs syntax tree data.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing display contents of an error information display area in the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of an error information shaping display module according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a PAD showing a processing procedure of a label display routine in the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a source program described using a C ++ standard library.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of an error message output by a compiler according to the present invention.
11 is a diagram illustrating display contents of an error information display area when the example of the error message in FIG. 10 is shaped and displayed.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a computer system that implements the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
100 GUI front end
101 compiler
102 Error message parsing module
103 Error information shaping display module
201 Source program
202 Object program
301 Error message
302 Syntax tree data
303 nodes
3031 Node type
3032 string
3033 child nodes
9001 Computer system
9002 CPU
9003 Main memory
9004 External storage device
9005 Display device
9006 Input device
9010 Work area

Claims (5)

In a computer system having a processing device, a main storage device, a display device, an input device, and an external storage device, a compiler in which the processing device stores a source program input from the external storage device in the main storage device Alternatively, an error information display method for displaying on the display device an error message output by performing a translation process for translation into an object program by an interpreter ,
The processing unit, the output in the translation process, parses the error message text and data type names are mixed to produce the syntax tree data, based on the syntax tree data thus generated, the data type in the document A method of displaying error information , wherein a name is replaced with a short symbol and displayed on the display device, and a data type name in the replaced text is separated from the text and displayed on the display device . The error information display method according to claim 1,
When the processing device displays the data type name on the display device, the processing device configures the data type name in a tree shape based on the tree structure of the structure node in the syntax tree data and displays the data type name on the display device. Characteristic error information display method. In a computer system having a processing device, a main storage device, and an external storage device, the processing device translates a source program input from the external storage device into an object program by a compiler or interpreter stored in the main storage device. An error information display device for displaying an error message output after translation processing ,
Means for inputting an error message in which a sentence and a data type name output in the translation process are mixed, and generating syntax tree data by parsing the input error message;
The generated syntax tree data is input, and based on the syntax tree data, the data type name in the document is replaced with a short symbol and displayed, and the data type name in the replaced sentence is separated from the sentence. error information display device characterized by comprising display means for displaying Te. The error information display device according to claim 3,
The display means, when displaying the data type name, displays the data type name in a tree form based on the tree structure of the structure node in the syntax tree data. In a computer system having a processing device, a main storage device, a display device, an input device, and an external storage device, a compiler in which the processing device stores a source program input from the external storage device in the main storage device Alternatively, an error information display program that displays on the display device an error message that has been translated and output into an object program by an interpreter. The error message that is output in the translation process and contains text and data type names And generating syntax tree data by replacing the data type name in the document with a short symbol based on the generated syntax tree data and displaying it on the display device. For executing the procedure of displaying the data type name in the display device separately from the text Computer readable recording medium recording the color information display program.

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