JP4233183B2 - Machining unit with spindle member attachment / detachment function - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a machining unit used when performing drilling or tapping, and in particular, a spindle member such as a mass task screw assembly that attaches a tool holder such as a drill or a tap to rotate and feed a tool. The present invention relates to a processing unit with a quick change type attachment / detachment function that can be easily attached to or detached from the unit body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A variety of machining units that automatically perform drilling and tapping have been developed. For example, a machining unit having a rotation transmission function for transmitting the rotational force of the drive unit to the main shaft part via a spline mechanism, and further having various speed change functions for making the feed of the tool into two stages of rapid feed and cutting feed. Many are known. Among them, a machining unit in which fast feed is a piston / cylinder mechanism by air and cutting feed is an accurate feed screw mechanism is widely used because it has a small size and a simple structure, but has good accuracy and workability.
[0003]
FIG. 4 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the mass task screw assembly portion in the conventional processing unit 49. This drawing shows a state in which a tool holder 46 with a tap (tool) 48 chucked is attached to the tip of the spindle 41. The mass task screw assembly includes a spindle 41, a nut member 42, and a screw cap 45. A spline mechanism 43 is provided at the rear end of the spindle to transmit rotational motion from a drive unit (not shown) to the tool holder 46. ing. The nut member 42 is inserted into the tip of the ram 47 and cannot be rotated by a rotation preventing function. The nut member 42 is fixed to the ram 47 with a screw cap 45, and is engaged by a spindle 41 and a feed screw mechanism 44 therein. . Since the feed screw mechanism 44 converts the rotary motion from the drive unit into a linear motion in accordance with the pitch of the tap (tool) 48, the mass task screw assembly must be converted when the tap specification is changed. Don't be. The replacement procedure is as follows: the tool holder 46 is detached from the spindle 41, the screw cap 45 is loosened, the spindle 41 and the nut member 42 are removed from the ram 47, and a new spindle and nut member are provided in the detent groove of the ram 47 in the nut member. The new tool holder was attached after the screw cap 45 was screwed into the ram 47 and fixed by screwing the screw cap 45 into the ram 47.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In other words, this type of processing unit has a structure that can handle various tool sizes by replacing only the main shaft member such as mass task screw assembly equipped with a feed screw mechanism that converts the rotational motion of the main shaft into a linear motion for cutting feed in the axial direction. Therefore, one model can handle a large number of specifications, but every time the setup is changed due to the specification change, a disassembly and assembling work such as disassembling the spindle member from the machining unit and incorporating a new one is necessary.
[0005]
Each time the specification is changed, the work of disassembling and assembling the spindle member is very poor in workability, and the work efficiency is significantly affected by the skill level of the worker.
[0006]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a quick change of a spindle member that has improved workability so that a skilled or new level of worker can easily attach and detach the spindle member with one touch. It aims at providing the processing unit with a type attachment / detachment function.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The machining unit with a function of attaching and detaching the spindle member of the present invention that achieves the above-described object comprises a spindle on which a tool holder is mounted, a transmission means for transmitting rotation from the drive shaft to the spindle, and a rotational motion transmitted by the transmission means. A main shaft member comprising conversion means for converting the spindle into a linear motion and moving the spindle back and forth in the axial direction, a feed mechanism section for moving the whole main shaft member back and forth in the axial direction, and a rotational drive for rotating the drive shaft A processing unit, further comprising an engagement means that is attached to the tip of the feed mechanism, and that detachably locks and releases the main shaft member from the unit body , The main shaft member holder into which the engaging means is inserted into the converting means, the main shaft member holder is slidably fitted to the main shaft member holder, an annular opening groove at the inner front end, and the processing unit front end from the deep groove An outer peripheral stepped collar provided with a tapered surface that is reduced in diameter in a direction away from the outer peripheral step; a spring attached to the outer periphery of the outer peripheral stepped collar; and a punch hole provided in the spindle member holder; And a movable body that engages with the inner surface of the collar and moves freely in and out of the concave groove provided in the outer circumferential portion of the conversion means by sliding of the collar with the outer circumferential step .
[0008]
Further, the moving body can be a plurality of spheres.
[0009]
[Action]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to disassemble and assemble the spindle member such as the mass task screw assembly after removing the machining unit incorporated in the dedicated machine every time the specification such as the tool size is changed. With the one-touch operation of the quick change type engagement means provided in the section, the spindle member such as the mass task screw assembly equipped with the feed screw mechanism can be replaced with the tool and tool holder attached. Because the specifications can be changed while the processing unit is still installed in the dedicated machine, the setup change work can be done in a short time.
[0010]
Further, as the quick change type engaging means , a plurality of movable bodies as a moving body in which a concave groove portion is provided in the outer peripheral portion of the converting means and the groove portion is provided in a punched hole provided in the spindle member holder and locked to the inner surface of the collar. It is effective to use a coupling-type configuration in which the spindle member is attached and detached by one-touch by sliding the collar of the collar by sliding the collar that is always urged forward by the spring. .
[0011]
Delete [0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing an example of a processing unit with an immediate replacement (quick change) type attaching / detaching function according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a mass task screw assembly provided with a screw feed mechanism and a spline mechanism.
[0013]
In this processing unit 10, an air cylinder mechanism is constituted by a piston 7 a and a unit outer cylinder 9 provided at a substantially central outer peripheral portion of the ram 7, and a tip end portion of a tool 8 held by a tool holder 6 is used as a workpiece. Fast forward to move a little forward is done with air. Cutting feed after rapid feed is performed by a conversion means of a feed screw mechanism that converts the rotational movement of the main shaft into a linear movement in the axial direction. Specifically, a male screw portion provided on a partial outer peripheral portion of the spindle 1 and a nut member 2 provided on a partial inner surface with a female screw portion fitted on the spindle 1 and meshing with the male screw portion are integrally configured. Since cutting feed is performed by the mass task screw assembly 20, accurate cutting can be efficiently performed.
[0014]
In addition, since the spline mechanism portion 3 is provided at the rear end portion of the spindle 1 and the spindle 1 and the drive shaft 11 connected to the drive portion of the processing unit 10 are transmitted via the drive sleeve 12, the master shaft rotation is transmitted. Even if the screw assembly 20 is integrally removed from the processing unit 10 or attached to the processing unit 10, the spindle 1 and the drive sleeve 12 can be easily engaged with the ridges of the spline mechanism portion 3 and rotated. There is no problem in operation and cutting feed operation.
[0015]
The mass task screw assembly 20 integrally incorporated as described above is configured so that it can be easily attached to and detached from the quick change engagement means 30 mounted on the tip of the ram 7 with one touch.
[0016]
Here, the locking and releasing states of the mass task screw assembly and the engaging means will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
[0017]
FIG. 3 (a) is an enlarged plan sectional view of a locked state in which a mass task screw assembly is mounted on the engaging means of the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 (b) is a mass task screw assembly mounted on the engaging means of the present embodiment. The expanded plane sectional view of a lock release state is shown.
[0018]
The mass task screw assembly 20 according to the present embodiment is integrally constituted by a spindle 1 and a nut member 2 screwed together by the spindle and a feed screw mechanism, and the nut member 2 constitutes an engaging means. In order to be inserted into the spindle member holder 13 as it is, the outer diameter of the insertion portion is substantially the same size as the inner diameter of the spindle member holder 13, and the insertion base portion forms a stepped portion having a larger outer diameter than the insertion portion. It has a role as a stopper at the time of insertion and a role of a gripping part at the time of replacement.
[0019]
Further, the engaging means 30 according to the present embodiment includes a main shaft member holder 13 screwed to the tip of the ram 7, an outer circumferential stepped collar 14 slidably fitted to the holder, A spring 15 that is fitted to a small-diameter outer peripheral portion between the stepped portion and the annular spacer 16 and constantly urges the collar 14 forward of the machining unit, and a plurality of punches provided on the opening-side peripheral side surface of the spindle member holder 13 It is comprised with the steel ball 5 which is a moving body loosely fitted in the hole. The shape of the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral stepped collar 14 is an annular opening concave groove provided at the inner tip, and the diameter width of the steel ball 5 that is reduced in diameter from the stepped deep part of the concave groove toward the rear end of the unit. The steel ball 5 is formed by a slightly longer tapered surface portion and a cylindrical inner surface portion that slides on the outer diameter of the spindle member holder. The mass task screw assembly is configured to be able to be locked and released from the engagement means by projecting and retracting in a groove portion provided on the outer periphery of the nut member 2 of the screw assembly.
[0020]
When the nut member 2 of the mass task screw assembly 20 to which the tool holder 6 is attached is inserted to the back of the spindle member holder 13 having an inner diameter that is substantially the same as its outer diameter, there is an interval in the circumferential direction of the spindle member holder 13. The steel balls 5 loosely fitted in the plurality of holes 21 arranged in this manner fall into the recessed groove portion 22 processed in the outer peripheral portion of the nut member 2, and the nut member 2 and the spindle member holder 13 are engaged. Due to the drop of the steel ball 5, the outer circumferential stepped collar 14 always urged forward by the spring 15 moves to the arrow A side, and the steel ball 5 is pressed by the tapered surface 23 of the outer circumferential stepped collar 14 so as to be a nut member. 2 and the spindle member holder 13 are locked so as not to be detached. The nut member 2 is provided with a non-rotating portion (not shown) to prevent the entire mass task screw assembly from rotating. Further, the rear end portion (on the rear side of the processing unit) of the concave groove portion 22 forms a tapered surface 22a whose diameter is increased rearward.
[0021]
When replacing the mass task screw assembly 20, the outer circumferential stepped collar 14 is moved to the unit side in the direction of arrow B, and the pressing force of the tapered surface 23 applied to the steel ball 5 is released. When the gripping portion 24 of the nut member 2 is grasped and the mass task screw assembly 20 is pulled out, the steel ball 5 protruding in the concave groove portion 22 on the outer peripheral portion of the nut member 2 is moved outward along the tapered surface 22a provided at the rear portion of the concave groove portion. The engagement between the steel ball 5 and the nut member 2 is released by being pushed into the opening groove 25 of the collar 14 and the mass task screw assembly 20 can be removed from the engaging means 30 while the tool holder 6 is attached.
[0022]
As described above, if the machining unit is equipped with the quick change type attaching / detaching function of the present invention, when the specification change such as the tool size is required, only the mass task screw assembly for controlling the cutting feed can be easily replaced from the machining unit. However, the engagement means also considers the prevention of detachment of the mass task screw assembly during operation of the machining unit. Therefore, the operation state of the machining unit in which the mass task screw assembly of the present invention is actually inserted into the engaging means will be described.
[0023]
The tapered surface 23 formed on the inner surface of the outer circumferential stepped collar 14 has a shape that decreases in diameter toward the rear end of the processing unit. When the ram 7 of the machining unit is advanced at a rapid feed by the action of the air cylinder mechanism and is suddenly stopped before the workpiece, the outer peripheral stepped collar 14 tends to move in the forward direction due to inertia, so that the tapered surface 23 As a structure that prevents the mass task screw assembly 20 from being detached from the spindle member holder 13 in order to increase the wedge effect and press the steel ball 5 to the concave groove portion provided on the outer periphery of the nut member 2 more firmly with the reduced diameter shape. Yes.
[0024]
The inertia force generated when the ram 7 quickly returns to the machining unit main body and then stops suddenly acts in the direction in which the mass task screw assembly 20 is pushed into the machining unit side. Since the steel ball 5 is urged forward and the steel ball 5 is pressed in the inner axial direction by the reduced diameter shape of the tapered surface 23, the detachment of the mass task screw assembly 20 can be prevented.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the machining unit with the quick change type attaching / detaching function according to the present invention, the spindle member such as the mass task screw assembly can be exchanged by one-touch operation while the machining unit is installed in the dedicated machine. This eliminates the need for disassembling and assembling work, unlike the conventional machining unit, while maintaining the precision cutting function of the conventional screw feed mechanism and simplifying the setup change work for changing specifications and reducing time. did it.
[0026]
Specifically, the collar that is constantly urged forward of the machining unit by the spring is moved in a direction that opposes the spring, creating a clearance space for the steel ball that protrudes into the outer peripheral groove of the nut member of the mass task screw assembly, By simply pulling out the mass task screw assembly, the steel ball can be pushed outward by the tapered surface provided at the rear part of the outer peripheral groove of the nut member, and the lock of the mass task screw assembly can be released. Conversely, the mass task screw assembly is inserted into the spindle member holder. A one-touch coupling system that allows a steel ball to fall into and lock into the outer peripheral groove of the nut member simply by pushing it in is possible with a simple structure and in a short time.
[0027]
In addition, since the tapered surface formed on the inner surface of the collar is reduced in diameter toward the rear side of the machining unit, the mass task screw assembly can be used as an engagement means more robustly by utilizing the inertial force generated when the machining unit moves fast forward. It is possible to lock and prevent separation while the processing unit is operating.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of a processing unit with an immediate exchange type attaching / detaching function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a mass task screw assembly provided with a screw feed mechanism.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are enlarged sectional plan views in a locked state and a released state in which a mass task screw assembly is attached to the engaging means of the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional plan view showing an engaged state of a mass task screw assembly in a conventional processing unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 41 Spindle 2, 42 Nut member 3, 43 Spline mechanism portion 4, 44 Feed screw mechanism portion 5 Steel ball 7, 47 Ram 9 Unit outer cylinder 10, 49 Processing unit 13 Spindle member holder 14 Outer stepped collar 15 Spring 16 Spacer 20 Mass task screw assembly 21 Perforation hole 22 Outer peripheral groove portion 22a of nut member Rear tapered surface 23 of the concave groove portion Internal taper surface 24 of the collar 24 Holding portion 25 Open groove portion 30 of the collar Engaging means

Claims (2)

A spindle on which the tool holder is mounted, a transmission means for transmitting rotation from the drive shaft to the spindle, and a conversion means for converting the rotary motion transmitted by the transmission means into a linear motion and moving the spindle forward and backward in the axial direction. A machining unit comprising a main shaft member configured, a feed mechanism portion that moves the whole main shaft member in the axial direction, and a rotation drive portion that rotates the drive shaft, and is attached to the tip of the feed mechanism portion And further comprising engagement means for detachably locking and releasing the main shaft member from the unit body , The main shaft member holder into which the engaging means is inserted into the converting means, the main shaft member holder is slidably fitted to the main shaft member holder, an annular opening groove at the inner front end, and the processing unit front end from the deep groove An outer peripheral stepped collar provided with a tapered surface that is reduced in diameter in a direction away from the outer peripheral step; a spring attached to the outer periphery of the outer peripheral stepped collar; and a punch hole provided in the spindle member holder; A main shaft member attaching / detaching function comprising: a movable body that is engaged with the inner surface of the collar and is movable so as to be able to move in and out of the concave groove provided in the outer peripheral portion of the converting means by sliding of the outer stepped collar. With processing unit. The processing unit with a function of attaching and detaching the main shaft member according to claim 1, wherein the moving body is composed of a plurality of spheres .

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