JP4232191B2 - Automatic water supply device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an automatic water supply apparatus provided with a sensing means such as a human body sensing means for sensing a use state and a manual sensing means for sensing a user by holding his / her hand.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, there is a high level of public interest in water saving and hygiene, so in the automatic cleaning device for toilets, cleaning is performed by detecting the human body and holding the hand etc. A device provided with manual sensing means for sensing an operation has been proposed. In this toilet automatic cleaning device, regardless of whether the user performs cleaning on his / her own will or if he / she forgets to clean and leaves the toilet, it will depend on the user's time spent in the toilet booth. Thus, there is an automatic toilet cleaning device that automatically determines stool or urine, switches the amount of water to be washed, and saves water so as not to flow more than necessary (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .
[0003]
In addition, a 100V power supply and a dry battery have been used as the power source for the cleaning device that opens and closes the valve using a solenoid valve. However, a generator is installed in the water passage to improve workability and maintainability and save energy. A technique for opening and closing an electromagnetic valve using the power of a generator is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-173970 [Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-328626 A [Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
[0005]
Especially in public toilets used by a large number of people, places where the above-described toilet flushing apparatus is installed considering water saving and hygiene are increasing, but at the same time, mischievous mischief is also increasing.
For example, when an infrared sensor is used as a means for detecting the user, there are cases in which the user cannot be detected by closing the light projection window (including the light receiving window) of the infrared sensor with gum tape or gum.
[0006]
If this mischievous state continues, the conventional toilet automatic cleaning device will remain in the state detected by the infrared sensor. Therefore, for example, in the case of a dry cell type automatic toilet cleaning device, the battery runs out in a short period of time, and when the thing that blocked the light projection window such as gum tape or gum is removed, the user can be detected and cleaned. In other cases, the battery had to be replaced.
[0007]
In addition, a self-powered toilet automatic cleaning device that generates electricity with a generator provided on the waterway and controls all of the toilet cleaning device with the electric power is usually provided with a backup battery for initial operation. However, if the above-mentioned mischief is performed, there is a possibility that a problem may occur in that the power of the backup battery is wasted because the power cannot be supplied by the generator alone. And there exists a possibility that the same malfunction as the case where only a dry cell is used as a motive power source may generate | occur | produce.
[0008]
For such mischief, the light emitting / receiving period (sensing period) of the infrared sensor can be increased for the purpose of extending the battery life. However, if the sensing cycle is lengthened in this way, the sensing sensitivity of the manual sensing means is deteriorated, and the user must keep the hand-holding time long. For this reason, there is a risk that inconvenience that the operability is poor for the user may occur in a normal use state.
[0009]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to minimize wasteful power consumption without hindering normal use even if the sensing means is tampered with.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, claim 1 of the present invention provides a sensing means for detecting a user's cleaning operation, a control circuit for driving a valve driving section based on an electrical signal by the sensing means, and a valve driving section. In the automatic water supply apparatus including the valve for supplying water by operating based on the power supply and the power supply circuit for driving the control circuit, the sensing means has at least two sensing cycles, and the sensing state of the sensing means is predetermined. When it continued for more than time, it was set as the automatic water supply apparatus characterized by making the sensing period of the sensing means of the sensing state longer than the sensing period in a non-sensing state.
[0011]
With this configuration, unlike normal use, if the sensing means is left in a mischievous state with the gummed tape or the like being blocked, the cleaning function will not work. Even in this state, power is consumed in the same manner as in the normal non-sensing state, but the power consumption can be minimized by using the present invention.
[0012]
According to claim 2 of the present invention, there are at least three sensing cycles, and when the sensing means changes from the non-sensing state to the sensing state, the sensing cycle in the sensing state is the non-sensing state. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensing period is shortened, and when the sensing state of the sensing means continues for a predetermined time or longer, the sensing period in the sensing state is made longer than the sensing period in the non-sensing state. It was set as the automatic water supply apparatus of description.
[0013]
As a result, if the sensing period is shortened when the user is sensed in a normal use state, it becomes easier to sense and the responsiveness is improved. It will consume.
Therefore, if the sensing state continues for a predetermined time or longer, it is recognized as sensing in the abnormal state, and the sensing cycle is made longer than that in the non-sensing state. That is, it can be said that the sensing means is in an abnormal state that is not sensed for supplying water but is sensed by some other factor, and a signal for supplying water from the sensing means is not transmitted. For this reason, wasteful power consumption is minimized by reducing the power consumption in a state where no water supply signal is transmitted in this way, by extending the sensing cycle, compared to the power in the normal standby state. be able to.
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the sensing means includes a human body sensing means for sensing a usage state and a manual sensing means for the user to consciously sense, when one of the sensing means senses. In addition, if at least the sensing period of the manual sensing means is shorter than the sensing period in the non-sensing state, and further, if the sensing state of the sensing means being sensed continues for a predetermined time or more, the sensing period in the sensing state is set. The automatic water supply device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic water supply device is longer than the sensing means in the non-sensing state, and the sensing cycle of the other sensing means is the sensing cycle of the non-sensing state.
[0015]
Accordingly, in an automatic water supply apparatus including a human body sensing means for sensing a use state and a manual sensing means for a user to consciously sense, responsiveness can be achieved by shortening the manual sensing cycle when the sensing state is reached. Can be made to react immediately when the hand is held up. However, in the case where the sensing state is entered by mischief such as blocking the sensing means with a gummed tape or the like, the state is continued. Therefore, it can be recognized as mischief when it continues for a predetermined time or longer, and the sensing cycle of the sensed one can be lengthened to prevent unnecessary power consumption. Furthermore, the sensing means that has not been tampered with can ensure responsiveness by setting a normal sensing period.
[0016]
Further, according to claim 4 of the present invention, the sensing means returns the sensing period to the sensing period in the non-sensing state after leaving the continuous sensing state. It was set as the automatic water supply apparatus as described in one.
[0017]
As a result, after returning from the continuous sensing state such as mischief, it returns to the normal state, so if the maximum sensing cycle is restored, the responsiveness of the sensing means will be poor when used after this The inconvenience can be avoided.
[0018]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sensing means for detecting a user's cleaning operation, a control circuit for driving the valve drive unit based on an electrical signal from the sensing means, and a water supply operated by the valve drive unit. In an automatic water supply apparatus comprising a valve for supplying water and a power supply circuit for driving the control circuit,
The sensing means has at least three sensing cycles, and when the sensing means changes from the non-sensing state to the sensing state, the sensing period in the sensing state is made shorter than the sensing period in the non-sensing state. Furthermore, the automatic water supply apparatus is characterized in that when the sensing state of the sensing means continues for a predetermined time or longer, the sensing cycle in the sensing state is returned to the sensing cycle in the non-sensing state.
[0019]
As a result, if the sensing period is shortened when the user is sensed in a normal use state, it becomes easier to sense and the responsiveness is improved. It will consume.
Therefore, if the sensing state continues for a predetermined time or longer, it is recognized as sensing in an abnormal state, and the sensing cycle is returned to the sensing cycle of the non-sensing state, which is a normal standby state. Therefore, wasteful power consumption can be suppressed by suppressing the consumption to the normal standby state power.
[0020]
Moreover, in Claim 6 of this invention, the impeller provided in the water passage of the said automatic water supply apparatus, the generator driven by this impeller, and the storage battery for the said power supply circuit which can be charged with this generator are included. It was set as the automatic water supply apparatus characterized by having.
[0021]
Thus, when power is generated by passing water and the generated power is used as the driving force, the power generation function can be sufficiently exhibited by suppressing unnecessary power consumption.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the case where the automatic water supply apparatus of this invention is a toilet automatic washing apparatus is demonstrated based on figures. FIG. 1 is an external view of an automatic toilet cleaning apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the automatic toilet cleaning apparatus to which a generator is added, and FIG. 3 is a top sectional view AA in the vicinity of the impeller of the generator. 4 is a block diagram showing the entire system of the automatic toilet cleaning apparatus, FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a method of switching the amount of water supply and an abnormality detection of the human body detection means, and FIG. 6 is a manual showing abnormality detection of the manual detection means. It is a flowchart of a sensing means.
[0023]
The mechanism of the operation of the automatic toilet cleaning apparatus will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 1, 4, and 5.
When a user who enters the toilet booth enters the sensing area 1, the infrared human body sensor 3, which is a human body sensing means of the toilet automatic cleaning device 2, enters a sensing state, and the control built in the toilet automatic cleaning device 2 The counter 5 of the circuit 4 starts to count the stay time Ta. When the user moves out of the sensing area of the human body sensor 3 after using the toilet, the counter 5 stops counting. When the predetermined time Tx1 (for example, 2 minutes) has elapsed (Ta ≧ Tx1), the stay time Ta is determined to be used by stool, and the cleaning signal S1 from the solenoid valve drive circuit 6 to the solenoid valve 7 has a long open time. Is sent to supply water for large washing. If it is less than that (Ta <Tx1), it is determined that the urine is used, and a cleaning signal S2 with a short opening time of the solenoid valve 7 is sent to supply the water for small cleaning.
[0024]
Further, when the user cleans his / her own will during or after use, the counter 5 stays when the hand is brought close to the infrared hand-holding sensor 8 which is a manual sensing means capable of non-contact cleaning. When the predetermined time Tx1 has elapsed since the time Ta (Ta ≧ Tx1), it is determined that the use is made by stool, and the cleaning signal S1 having a long open time is sent from the solenoid valve drive circuit 6 to the solenoid valve 7 for large cleaning. Supply the amount of water. If it is less than that (Ta <Tx1), it is determined to be used by urine, and a cleaning signal S2 with a short opening time of the electromagnetic valve 7 is sent to supply a small amount of cleaning water. When the human body sensor 3 is not sensing (Ta = 0), when a hand is brought close to the hand-holding sensor 8, a large amount of water is supplied.
[0025]
Next, the mechanism of the operation of the generator at the time of water supply will be described based on FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 in the case where the generator 9 is added to the toilet automatic cleaning device 2.
First, when the solenoid valve 7 is opened, the water in the pressure chamber 10 is discharged through the path 11, the piston 12 is raised, and the cleaning water flows through the path 13. When the solenoid valve 7 is closed, water accumulates in the pressure chamber 10, and the piston 12 descends to stop water. With this water supply, the impeller 14 of the generator 9 attached to the drainage side rotates and the magnet 15 also rotates, so that electric power corresponding to the amount of water supply is generated through the coil 16. This electric power is stored in the storage battery 17. Further, when the automatic toilet cleaning device 2 is installed and operated for the first time, the electric power of the dry battery 18 is used, and thereafter, all the control is performed by the storage battery 17.
[0026]
In order to perform all control of the toilet automatic washing apparatus 2 only with the electric power obtained by the generator 9, it is necessary to suppress wasteful power consumption as much as possible.
Therefore, when the stay time Ta of the counter 5 continues for a predetermined time (Tx2) or longer (Ta ≧ Tx2), it is recognized as an abnormally sensed state due to mischief and the human body sensor 3 sense period is not sensed. The sensing period (ta1) in the state is set longer or returned to the sensing period (ta1) in the non-sensing state.
[0027]
Next, a method for suppressing wasteful power consumption of the storage battery 17 and the dry battery 18 when the human body sensor 3 and the hand-holding sensor 8 are blocked with gummed tape or the like will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 5, and 6.
[0028]
First, based on FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, a case where the human body sensor 3 is blocked with a gummed tape and the like will be described.
Even when the human body sensor 3 in FIG. 1 is blocked with a gummed tape or the like, the human body sensor 3 is in a sensing state.
It should be noted that it is preferable that the sensing cycle in the sensing state of the human body sensor 3 is maintained as the sensing cycle (ta1) in the non-sensing state even when the human body sensor 3 senses. Since the human body sensor 3 senses the human body sitting on the toilet seat, the human body sensor 3 can sufficiently sense even the sensing cycle (ta1) in the non-sensing state. Therefore, it is more preferable not to shorten the non-sensing period (ta1) so as not to use extra power consumption.
When the sensing state of the human body sensor 3 has passed for a predetermined time (Tx2: for example, 20 minutes) or more (Ta ≧ Tx2), the human body sensor 3 is in the sensing state when the human body using the toilet is used. Is detected, but it is recognized that a sensing state has occurred due to some abnormality, and the sensing cycle in the sensing state is set to a sensing cycle (ta3) longer than the sensing cycle (ta1) in the non-sensing state.
For this reason, when an abnormal state occurs, the power consumption can be suppressed by setting the sensing cycle in the sensing state to a sensing cycle (ta3) longer than the sensing cycle (ta1) in the non-sensing state, which is a standby state. it can. And when it escapes from this abnormal state, a sensing period is returned to ta1.
[0029]
In the case where the human body sensor 3 is switched to the sensing cycle (ta2) shorter than the sensing cycle (ta1) in the non-sensing state when the human body sensor 3 is in the sensing state, the abnormality is continuously sensed for a predetermined time or more. When the state is reached, control is performed so that the sensing cycle (ta2) is set to the sensing cycle (ta1) in the non-sensing state (standby state) or the sensing cycle (ta3) longer than the sensing cycle in the non-sensing state. It is preferable. In this case, the power consumption in the normal standby state can be suppressed when the sensing cycle (ta1) is set, and the power consumption can be further suppressed when the sensing cycle (ta3) is set.
[0030]
It is also possible to stop the sensing when the sensing state continues for a predetermined time (Tx2: for example, 20 minutes) or longer. (In this case, the sensing cycle is infinitely long.) When the sensing state continues for a predetermined time (Tx2: for example, 20 minutes) or longer, the sensing cycle in the sensing state is lengthened, and the predetermined time ( (Tx3: For example, 24 hours) When the continuous state continues for a long time, the detection of the human body sensor may be temporarily stopped.
However, in order to automatically return to the non-sensing cycle when the sensing means returns to normal after exiting the sensing continuation state, the non-sensing state cannot be recognized if the sensing is stopped. The sensing cycle in the abnormal state is preferably long enough to recognize that it is in the non-sensing state.
[0031]
Next, the operation of the hand-holding sensor 8 when the human body sensor 3 is in an abnormal sensing state will be described with reference to FIG.
In the standby state when the toilet is not used, the detection periods of the human body sensor 3 and the hand-holding sensor 8 are ta1 and tb1, respectively.
When the user who enters the toilet booth enters the sensing area 1, the infrared human body sensor 3 of the automatic toilet cleaning device 2 enters the sensing state, and the sensing period of the hand-holding sensor 8 is in the non-sensing state. The period (tb1) is switched to the sensing period (tb2) in the sensing state. Here, the sensing cycle is tb1> tb2. This means that when there is no user, the detection period of the hand-holding sensor 8 is set so long that the user-friendliness is not affected, and the power is saved. When the user is detected, the response of the hand-holding sensor 8 is improved. In order to improve usability, the sensing cycle is shortened. When the user moves out of the sensing area 1 of the human body sensor 3, the sensing period of the hand-held sensor 8 is returned to the sensing period (tb1) in the non-sensing state again for power saving.
Note that it is preferable that the sensing cycle of the human body sensor 3 is maintained as the sensing cycle (ta1) in the non-sensing state even when the human body sensor 3 senses it. Since the human body sensor 3 senses the human body sitting on the toilet seat, the human body sensor 3 can sufficiently sense even the sensing cycle (ta1) in the non-sensing state. Therefore, it is more preferable not to shorten the non-sensing period (ta1) so as not to use extra power consumption.
[0032]
The same control is performed when the human body sensor 3 is not in the sensing state and only the hand-holding sensor 8 is in the sensing state, or when both are in the sensing state. That is, when one of them is in the sensing state, the sensing period of at least the hand-holding sensor is switched from tb1 to tb2. When the sensor is in the non-sensing state, the sensing cycle of the human body sensor 3 is set to ta1, and the sensing cycle of the hand-holding sensor is set to tb1.
[0033]
However, if the same control as described above is performed during long-time continuous sensing such as mischief, the power of the storage battery 17 may be wasted and the power of the dry battery 18 may be consumed.
[0034]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, when the staying time (Ta) of the human body sensor 3 continues for a predetermined time (Tx) or longer, the sensing cycle of the human body sensor 3 being sensed is the sensing cycle (ta1) in the non-sensing state. Is switched to a longer sensing period (ta3).
Then, the sensing period of the undetected hand-holding sensor 8 is switched from the sensing period (ta2) to the non-sensing period (ta1).
For this reason, the human body sensor 3 that senses an abnormality consumes less power than the normal non-sensing standby state, and the hand sensor 8 that is not sensing becomes a normal non-sensing standby state. Therefore, it is not necessary to consume power unnecessarily. In addition, when the human body sensor 3 is tampered with and becomes in an abnormal detection state, the human body sensor 3 cannot be operated unless the cause of the detection state is cleared (for example, by removing the gummed tape from the detection means). Since the sensor 8 operates normally, the toilet flushing function never stops. In addition, when the hand-holding sensor 8 senses in this state, it is preferable to supply a large amount of water for washing.
[0035]
Next, a case where the hand-holding sensor 8 is tampered and the sensing time (Tb) of the hand-holding sensor 8 continues for a predetermined time (Ty) or more will be described with reference to FIG.
For example, when a gum tape or the like is applied to the hand-holding sensor 8, the sensing period of the hand-holding sensor 8 is switched from the sensing period (tb1) in the non-sensing state to the sensing period (tb2) in the sensing state. When the sensing state continues for a predetermined time (Ty: for example, 1 minute) or more (Tb ≧ Ty), the sensing period of the hand-holding sensor 8 is changed from the sensing period (tb2) in the sensing state to the abnormal sensing state. Switch to the sensing period (tb3). Here, the sensing cycle is tb2 <tb1 <tb3. When the hand-holding sensor 8 is blocked, the user cannot perform a cleaning operation, so that no usability problem occurs even if the sensing period is increased. Therefore, when considering power saving, the sensing period (tb3) in the abnormal sensing state is set to a period as large as possible so that the sensing period can be restored by recognizing that it has escaped from the abnormal state as described above. Is desirable.
[0036]
When the gummed tape is peeled off, the sensing cycle of the hand-holding sensor 8 is switched from the sensing cycle (tb3) in the abnormal sensing state to the sensing cycle (tb1) in the non-sensing state. Here, the sensing period is tb1 <tb3 as described above. This is because the user feels inconvenience in the usability of the hand-held sensor 8 if the sensing period is long, so control is performed to return the sensing period from tb3 to tb1 and reset Ta and Tb.
In addition, the hand-holding sensor 8 performs large washing when the human body sensor 3 is not sensing (Ta = 0) and when the human body sensor 3 is continuously sensing for a predetermined time (Ta ≧ Tx). When the sensing state of the sensor 3 is less than a predetermined time (0 <Ta <Tx), small cleaning is performed.
And Ta and Tb are reset after this washing.
[0037]
By performing the control as described above, it is possible to minimize wasteful power consumption in the continuous sensing state of the sensor due to mischief and the like. It is obvious that the same control is effective for power saving even in the automatic toilet cleaning device 2 that does not include the generator 9 or the storage battery 17 and uses only the dry battery 18 as a power source.
[0038]
In this embodiment, the toilet automatic cleaning device using a flush valve has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to an automatic water supply device having other sensing means without departing from the gist of the present invention. Yes, it can be applied to various devices equipped with sensing means such as an infrared sensor.
In addition, although the method of switching the sensing period of the hand-holding sensor has been described, the control target may be a human body sensor. Although there are three types of sensing cycles, there are at least two types of sensing cycles. The sensing cycle in the abnormal sensing state may be longer than the sensing cycle in the non-sensing state and the sensing state, and the number of sensing cycles and the number of the sensing cycles are arbitrary. It is.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention exhibits the following effects by the above configuration.
Even if the sensing means is tampered with, it is possible to minimize wasteful power consumption without hindering normal use.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external view of an automatic toilet cleaning apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of an automatic toilet cleaning device to which a generator is added.
FIG. 3 is a top sectional view AA in the vicinity of the impeller of the generator.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the entire system of the automatic toilet cleaning apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the human body sensing means showing a method for switching the amount of water supply and abnormal sensing of the human body sensing means.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the manual sensing means showing an abnormal sensing state of the manual sensing means.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sensing area | region 2 ... Urinal automatic washing apparatus 3 ... Human body sensor 4 ... Control circuit 5 ... Counter 6 ... Solenoid valve drive circuit 7 ... Solenoid valve 8 ... Hand-hold sensor 9 ... Generator 10 ... Pressure chamber 11 ... Path | route 12 ... Piston 13 ... path 14 ... impeller 15 ... magnet 16 ... coil 17 ... storage battery 18 ... dry battery Ta ... stay time Tb ... sensing time Tx1 ... predetermined time Tx2 for distinguishing urine and urine ... predetermined time for recognizing abnormality Tx: A predetermined time Ty when the human body sensor recognizes the abnormality Ty ... A predetermined time when the hand-held sensor recognizes the abnormality S1 ... A cleaning signal S2 with a long open time of the electromagnetic valve ... A cleaning signal ta1 with a short open time of the electromagnetic valve ... Sensing cycle ta2 in the non-sensing state ... Sensing cycle ta3 in the sensing state of the human body sensor ... Sensing cycle tb1 in the abnormal sensing state of the human body sensor ... Non-sensing of the hand-holding sensor Sensing the period of abnormal sensing the state of the sensing period tb3 ... hand held up sensors in sensing the state of the sensor held over sensing period tb2 ... hand in Thailand

Claims (6)

Sensing means for detecting the user's washing operation, a control circuit for driving the valve driving unit based on an electrical signal by the sensing means, a valve for operating the valve driving unit to supply water, and driving the control circuit An automatic water supply apparatus comprising a power supply circuit for
When the sensing means has at least two sensing periods and the sensing state of the sensing means continues for a predetermined time or longer, the sensing period of the sensing means in the sensing state is made longer than the sensing period in the non-sensing state. Automatic water supply device characterized by. The sensing period includes at least three sensing periods, and when the sensing means changes from the non-sensing state to the sensing state, the sensing period in the sensing state is shortened from the sensing period in the non-sensing state, and the sensing means 2. The automatic water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the perceived state continues for a predetermined time or longer, the sensing cycle in the sensing state is made longer than the sensing cycle in the non-sensing state. The sensing means includes a human body sensing means for sensing a use state, and a manual sensing means for a user to consciously sense, and when at least one sensing means senses, at least a sensing cycle of the manual sensing means. If the sensing state of the sensing means being sensed continues for a predetermined time or longer, the sensing period in the sensing state is longer than that of the sensing means in the non-sensing state. The automatic water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sensing cycle of the other sensing means is a sensing cycle in a non-sensing state. The automatic water supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sensing unit returns the sensing cycle to a sensing cycle in a non-sensing state after leaving the continuous sensing state. Sensing means for detecting a user's washing operation, a control circuit for driving the valve driving unit based on an electrical signal by the sensing means, a valve for operating the valve driving unit to supply water, and driving the control circuit An automatic water supply apparatus comprising a power supply circuit for
The sensing means has at least three sensing cycles, and when the sensing means changes from the non-sensing state to the sensing state, the sensing period in the sensing state is made shorter than the sensing period in the non-sensing state. Furthermore, when the sensing state of the sensing means continues for a predetermined time or more, the automatic water supply apparatus is characterized in that the sensing cycle in the sensing state is returned to the sensing cycle in the non-sensing state. An impeller provided in a water passage of the automatic water supply device, a generator driven by the impeller, and a storage battery for the power circuit that can be charged by the generator. The automatic water supply apparatus according to any one of 1 to 5.

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