JP4231101B1 - Jig for manufacturing staircase and method for manufacturing swirl staircase using the same - Google Patents
Jig for manufacturing staircase and method for manufacturing swirl staircase using the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【課題】加工精度や組み立て精度を高めるとともに作業スペースの節約と製造コストの削減を図ることが可能な回り階段製造用治具とそれを用いた回り階段の製造方法を提供する。
【解決手段】回り階段製造用治具１は、互いに平行な一対の基準線３ａ，３ａと、この基準線３ａ，３ａと角度αで交差する複数の基準線３ｃが上面２ａに記された鉄製の定盤２と、互いに所定の間隔をあけるとともに基準線３ｃに位置合わせをされて定盤２の上面２ａに立設される複数の鉄製平板部材からなる型板４〜８と、定盤２の上面２ａに対する型板４〜８の立設状態を維持するために設置される支持具９とを備えている。
【選択図】図１A jig for manufacturing a staircase and a method for manufacturing a staircase using the same, which can improve processing accuracy and assembly accuracy, save work space, and reduce manufacturing costs.
A turning staircase manufacturing jig 1 is made of iron having a pair of reference lines 3a and 3a parallel to each other and a plurality of reference lines 3c intersecting the reference lines 3a and 3a at an angle α on an upper surface 2a. The platen 2, the mold plates 4 to 8 made of a plurality of iron plate members standing on the upper surface 2 a of the platen 2 with a predetermined distance from each other and aligned with the reference line 3 c, and the platen 2 And a support 9 installed to maintain the standing state of the templates 4 to 8 with respect to the upper surface 2a.
[Selection] Figure 1
Description
本発明は、各種の気体や液体を貯蔵する縦置円筒型タンクに設置される昇降用の回り階段の製造方法に係り、特に、広い作業スペースを必要とせず、安価に、かつ、精度よく回り階段を製造することが可能な回り階段製造用治具とそれを用いた回り階段の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a rotating staircase for ascending and descending installed in a vertical cylindrical tank that stores various gases and liquids. In particular, the present invention does not require a large work space and is inexpensive and accurate. The present invention relates to a jig for manufacturing a staircase capable of manufacturing a staircase and a method for manufacturing a staircase using the jig.
コンビナート等においてナフサやガソリンなどを貯蔵する場合、大容量の鋼製縦置円筒型タンクが用いられることが多い。そして、貯蔵タンクには、保守や点検の際の昇降に用いられる回り階段が取り付けられている。この回り階段は、貯蔵タンクの外壁面に沿って螺旋状に形成される一対の側板（ささら板）と、この一対の側板に両端をそれぞれ固設された状態で水平に配置される複数の踏板とからなる。一般に、このような構造の回り階段は工場等で製造された後、組み立てられて現場へと運ばれる。しかしながら、形状が複雑なため、工場内で高精度に仕上げることは容易でない。そのため、従来、施行現場においてかなりの修正作業が発生していた。また、実際の設置状態を工場内で再現することによって加工精度や組み立て精度を高めることが可能であるが、この場合、広い作業スペースが必要となる上、製造コストが高くなってしまう。
これまでに、大型の縦置円筒型タンクに設置される回り階段について公開された公報類は少なく、上記課題を解決することを目的とした従来技術は現時点で発見されていない。ただし、螺旋階段の製造方法に関する従来技術としては、例えば、以下のような発明や考案が知られている。
When storing naphtha or gasoline in a complex or the like, a large-capacity steel vertical cylindrical tank is often used. The storage tank is provided with a rotating staircase used for raising and lowering during maintenance and inspection. This rotating staircase is composed of a pair of side plates (sheath plates) formed in a spiral shape along the outer wall surface of the storage tank, and a plurality of treads arranged horizontally with both ends fixed to the pair of side plates. It consists of. In general, a staircase having such a structure is manufactured in a factory or the like and then assembled and transported to the site. However, since the shape is complicated, it is not easy to finish with high precision in the factory. For this reason, a considerable amount of correction work has conventionally occurred at the enforcement site. In addition, it is possible to increase processing accuracy and assembly accuracy by reproducing the actual installation state in the factory, but in this case, a large work space is required and the manufacturing cost is increased.
So far, there are few publications published on the rotating staircases installed in large vertical cylindrical tanks, and no prior art aimed at solving the above problems has been found at present. However, as the prior art relating to the method of manufacturing the spiral staircase, for example, the following inventions and devices are known.
特許文献１には、「回り階段用側板の製造方法」という名称で、湾曲した昇降路を形成する回り階段用側板を安価に製造する方法に関する発明が開示されている。
特許文献１に開示された発明である回り階段用側板の製造方法は、湾曲した昇降路を形成する回り階段用側板の製造方法であって、端面が円弧形となるように長方形の合板を上下一対の型を用いてプレス成形する工程と、このプレス成形した合板の円弧形端面に踏み板を載置する段差部を施工現場に合わせて所要段数に切削加工する工程とを備えたことを特徴としている。
このような製造方法によれば、段差部を切削加工する前の合板の円弧形端面の形状は幅方向と厚み方向にのみ湾曲変形し、高さ方向には変形が生じていないことから、幅方向と厚み方向及び長手方向の３方向にねじれ変形した状態の従来の側板に比べると切削加工がはるかに容易となる。また、長方形の合板は単純な半円筒形を有する上下一対の型を使用してプレス成形できるので、型代が安い。さらに、合板を型に取付ける作業や成形に要する時間が短縮されるため、生産性が良い。従って、施工コストが大幅に低減される。
Patent Document 1 discloses an invention relating to a method for manufacturing a side plate for a staircase that forms a curved hoistway at a low cost under the name of “a method for manufacturing a side plate for a staircase”.
A method for manufacturing a side plate for a rotating staircase that is an invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a method for manufacturing a side plate for a rotating staircase that forms a curved hoistway, and a rectangular plywood is formed so that an end surface thereof has an arc shape. A step of press-molding using a pair of upper and lower molds, and a step of cutting the stepped portion on which the stepping plate is placed on the arc-shaped end surface of the press-formed plywood to the required number of steps according to the construction site. It is a feature.
According to such a manufacturing method, the shape of the arc-shaped end surface of the plywood before cutting the stepped portion is curved and deformed only in the width direction and the thickness direction, and no deformation occurs in the height direction. Cutting is much easier compared to a conventional side plate that is twisted and deformed in the three directions of the width direction, the thickness direction, and the longitudinal direction. In addition, a rectangular plywood can be press-molded using a pair of upper and lower molds having a simple semi-cylindrical shape, so that the mold cost is low. In addition, productivity is good because the time required for the work and molding of attaching the plywood to the mold is shortened. Therefore, the construction cost is greatly reduced.
特許文献２には、踏板を嵌め込む嵌合部の加工精度が高く、生産性の高い「カーブ階段用桁の製造方法」に関する発明が開示されている。
特許文献２に開示された発明であるカーブ階段用桁の製造方法は、階段の最内方に位置する板材に対して踏板の嵌合部を設け、接着剤を介してこの板材を複数枚積層することによって湾曲した形状のカーブ階段用桁を形成することを特徴としている。
このような製造方法によれば、加工精度の高い嵌合部を形成することができる。これにより、生産性が高まる。
In the method for manufacturing a curved stair girder, which is an invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, a step plate fitting portion is provided for a plate material located in the innermost part of the stair, and a plurality of the plate materials are laminated via an adhesive. Thus, a curved stair girder having a curved shape is formed.
According to such a manufacturing method, a fitting part with high processing accuracy can be formed. This increases productivity.
上述の従来技術である特許文献１に開示された発明においては、工場等に設置される貯蔵タンク用の回り階段を製造する場合には側板製造用の型が巨大となるため、広い作業スペースが必要となり、また、製造コストが高くなるという課題があった。 In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 which is the above-described prior art, when manufacturing a rotating staircase for a storage tank installed in a factory or the like, a side plate manufacturing mold becomes enormous, so a wide working space is required. There is a problem that it is necessary and the manufacturing cost is high.
また、特許文献２に開示された発明においては、カーブ階段用桁が積層された複数枚の板材によって形成されるため、例えば、金属製の階段の場合には製造が容易でないという課題があった。また、貯蔵タンク用の階段を製造する場合には、巨大な型が必要となるという課題があった。 Further, in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, since the curved stair girder is formed by a plurality of stacked plate members, for example, in the case of a metal staircase, there is a problem that manufacture is not easy. . Moreover, when manufacturing the staircase for storage tanks, there existed a subject that a huge type | mold was needed.
本発明はかかる従来の事情に対処してなされたものであり、加工精度や組み立て精度を高めるとともに作業スペースの節約と製造コストの削減を図ることが可能な回り階段製造用治具とそれを用いた回り階段の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in response to such a conventional situation, and uses a jig for manufacturing a staircase capable of improving processing accuracy and assembly accuracy, saving work space, and reducing manufacturing costs. It aims at providing the manufacturing method of the surrounding staircase.
上記目的を達成するため、請求項１記載の発明である回り階段製造用治具は、水平に設置される複数の踏板と，この踏板を介して互いに接合される平面視円弧状の外側板及び内側板とからなり，内側板が外壁面に接合された状態で円柱型設備に周設される回り階段を製造するための治具であって、平板状の定盤と、この定盤上に立設され，上端縁が，外壁面に接合された状態の内側板が形成する曲面に当接するように構成され，かつ，下端縁が，内側板が外壁面に接合された場合に鉛直方向と平行をなすように内側板用部材に想定される取付縁に対して平行になるように構成される複数の型板と、を備え、この型板は側面視した場合に、その上端縁が定盤を弦とする円と中心が同一であり，かつ円柱型設備の中心軸から内側板の外面までの水平距離と等しい半径を有する円弧上に配置されることを特徴とするものである。
このような構造によれば、型板の上端縁が定盤と平行となるように平坦に形成される。また、型板と定盤のみからなり、複数の型板は互いに平行に、かつ、定盤に対して垂直に設置される構成となっているため、治具を製造するための材料費が安い。加えて、加工誤差や組み立て誤差が小さくなる。
In order to achieve the above object, a turning staircase manufacturing jig according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of horizontally installed treads, and an arcuate outer plate that is joined to each other via the treads, and A jig for manufacturing a staircase consisting of an inner plate, and the inner plate being joined to the outer wall surface, which is provided around the cylindrical equipment. It is constructed such that the upper edge is in contact with the curved surface formed by the inner plate joined to the outer wall surface, and the lower edge is perpendicular to the vertical direction when the inner plate is joined to the outer wall surface. A plurality of mold plates configured to be parallel to the mounting edge assumed for the inner plate member so as to be parallel, and when viewed from the side, the upper edge of the template plate is fixed. The water is from the center axis of the cylindrical equipment to the outer surface of the inner plate. It is characterized in that disposed on an arc having a distance equal to the radius.
According to such a structure, the upper edge of the template is formed flat so as to be parallel to the surface plate. Moreover, since it consists only of a template and a surface plate, and the plurality of template plates are installed parallel to each other and perpendicular to the surface plate, the material cost for manufacturing the jig is low. . In addition, processing errors and assembly errors are reduced.
また、請求項２記載の発明である回り階段の製造方法は、水平に設置される複数の踏板と、この踏板を介して互いに接合される平面視円弧状の外側板及び内側板とからなり、内側板が外壁面に接合された状態で円柱型設備に周設される回り階段の製造方法であって、長尺状をなす内側板用部材の片面を請求項１記載の回り階段製造用治具の型板の上端縁に押しあてつつ曲げることにより平面視した場合に円弧をなす内側板を形成する工程と、内側板が外壁面に接合された場合に鉛直方向と平行をなすように内側板用部材に想定される取付縁を回り階段製造用治具の定盤の上面に仮付けする工程と、平面視して円弧に垂直となるように内側板の内面に、幅が一定で両側面が平面視円弧状をなす踏板の一方の側面を仮付けする工程と、長尺状をなす外側板用部材の片面を踏板の他方の側面に押しあてつつ曲げることにより平面視円弧状の外側板を形成する工程と、この外側板を踏板に仮付けする工程と、内側板から回り階段製造用治具を取り外す工程と、内側板及び外側板に踏板が仮付けされた箇所を接合する工程と、を備えたことを特徴とするものである。
このような製造方法によれば、上面が平坦な複数の型板にそれぞれ密着するように内側板用部材の片面を押し当てることにより、平面視円弧状の内側板が容易かつ高精度に形成される。また、踏板の内側板に接合されない方の側面は、平面視した場合に内側板と同心円上に配置されるという作用を有する。すなわち、この側面に外側板用部材の片面を押しあてつつ曲げることによれば、平面視円弧状の外側板が容易かつ高精度に形成される。
Further, the manufacturing method of the rotating staircase according to the invention of claim 2 includes a plurality of step plates installed horizontally, and an outer plate and an inner plate having a circular arc shape in plan view joined to each other via the step plates, The method for manufacturing a rotating staircase according to claim 1, wherein the inner plate is connected to the outer wall surface and is provided around the cylindrical equipment, and the inner plate member is formed on one side of the elongated staircase. A step of forming an inner plate that forms an arc when viewed from above by bending while pressing against the upper edge of the tool template, and an inner side that is parallel to the vertical direction when the inner plate is joined to the outer wall surface A process of temporarily attaching to the upper surface of the surface plate of the jig for stair manufacturing, around the mounting edge assumed for the plate member, and both sides with a constant width on the inner surface of the inner plate so as to be perpendicular to the arc in plan view A step of temporarily attaching one side surface of a tread whose surface has an arc shape in plan view, and a long shape. A step of forming an outer plate having an arc shape in plan view by bending one side of a member for outer plate against the other side of the step plate, a step of temporarily attaching the outer plate to the step plate, and a staircase manufacturing from the inner plate The method includes a step of removing the jig, and a step of joining a portion where the tread plate is temporarily attached to the inner plate and the outer plate.
According to such a manufacturing method, an inner plate having an arc shape in plan view is easily and highly accurately formed by pressing one side of the member for inner plate so as to be in close contact with a plurality of mold plates whose upper surfaces are flat. The Further, the side surface of the tread plate that is not joined to the inner plate has an effect of being arranged concentrically with the inner plate when viewed in plan. That is, by bending while pressing one side of the outer plate member against this side surface, the outer plate having a circular arc shape in a plan view can be formed easily and with high accuracy.
請求項３記載の発明は、請求項２記載の回り階段の製造方法において、内側板に踏板を仮付けする前に、定盤に仮付けされた内側板を平面視して内側板の側縁の両端を結ぶ直線と側縁の型板の幅方向のずれを測定し、このずれを第一の設計基準値と比較して内側板の寸法をチェックする工程を備えたことを特徴とするものである。
このような製造方法によれば、内側板の形状の確認作業及び修正作業が容易となる。
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the manufacturing method of the swivel staircase according to the second aspect, before temporarily attaching the step board to the inner plate, the inner plate temporarily attached to the surface plate is viewed in plan and the side edges of the inner plate Characterized by measuring a deviation in the width direction of the template between the straight line connecting the both ends of the plate and the side edge, and comparing the deviation with the first design reference value to check the dimensions of the inner plate. It is.
According to such a manufacturing method, it becomes easy to confirm and correct the shape of the inner plate.
請求項４記載の発明は、請求項２又は請求項３に記載の回り階段の製造方法において、内側板から回り階段製造用治具を取り外す前に、内側板及び外側板の各側縁の両端を頂点とする四角形の対角線の長さを第二の設計基準値と比較して外側板の寸法をチェックする工程を備えたことを特徴とするものである。
このような製造方法によれば、外側板の形状の確認作業及び修正作業が容易となる。
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the manufacturing method of the rotating staircase according to the second or third aspect, before removing the rotating stair manufacturing jig from the inner plate, both ends of each side edge of the inner plate and the outer plate are arranged. The method includes a step of checking the dimension of the outer plate by comparing the length of the diagonal line of the quadrangle with the second design reference value.
According to such a manufacturing method, the operation for confirming and correcting the shape of the outer plate is facilitated.
本発明の請求項１記載の回り階段製造用治具においては、型板の上端縁が平坦な形状であるため、内側板用部材を型板に押し当てつつ曲げることにより平面視円弧状の内側板を高精度に形成することができる。また、小型化や軽量化を図り、作業スペースを節約することが可能である。さらに、製造コストを安くすることができる。 In the jig for manufacturing a staircase according to claim 1 of the present invention, since the upper edge of the template has a flat shape, the inner plate has a circular arc shape when viewed from above by bending the inner plate member against the template. The plate can be formed with high accuracy. In addition, it is possible to reduce the size and weight and save the work space. Furthermore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
本発明の請求項２記載の回り階段の製造方法によれば、回り階段を高精度かつ安価に製造することができる。また、外側板を平面視円弧状に曲げるための治具を別個に用意する必要がないため、作業スペースを節約するとともに製造コストを安くすることができる。 According to the manufacturing method of the rotating staircase according to claim 2 of the present invention, the rotating staircase can be manufactured with high accuracy and at low cost. Moreover, since it is not necessary to separately prepare a jig for bending the outer plate into a circular arc shape in a plan view, the work space can be saved and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
本発明の請求項３記載の回り階段の製造方法によれば、踏板の取り付け前に内側板を要求される形状に正確に仕上げることができる。これにより、踏板及び外側板の組み付け精度を高めることが可能となる。 According to the manufacturing method of the rotating staircase according to the third aspect of the present invention, the inner plate can be accurately finished to the required shape before the tread plate is attached. Thereby, it becomes possible to raise the assembly precision of a tread board and an outer side board.
本発明の請求項４記載の回り階段の製造方法によれば、外側板の形状を設計値通りに正確に仕上げることが可能である。 According to the manufacturing method of the rotating staircase according to claim 4 of the present invention, it is possible to finish the shape of the outer plate accurately according to the design value.
以下に、本発明の最良の実施の形態に係る回り階段用製造治具とそれを用いた回り階段の製造方法の実施例について図１乃至図９を用いて説明する。 Hereinafter, examples of a manufacturing tool for a rotating staircase and a manufacturing method of a rotating staircase using the same according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
図１（ａ）及び（ｂ）はそれぞれ本発明の実施の形態に係る回り階段製造用治具の実施例の外観斜視図である。なお、図１（ｂ）は回り階段製造用治具に回り階段が仮付けされた状態を示している。
また、図２（ａ）は図１（ｂ）の回り階段が縦置円筒型の貯蔵タンクに設置された状態を示す外観図であり、（ｂ）は同図（ａ）の回り階段に対する回り階段製造用治具の位置関係を示した模式図である。
図３（ａ）は図２（ａ）の部分拡大図であり、（ｂ）は同図（ａ）をＹ方向に矢視した場合の模式図である。なお、図３（ａ）では踏板の図示を省略している。
さらに、図４（ａ）は本実施例の回り階段製造用治具に画かれた基準線を示した図であり、（ｂ）及び（ｃ）はそれぞれ内側板用部材及び外側板用部材の平面図である。
また、図５（ａ）及び（ｂ）は貯蔵タンクに対する内側板と外側板の位置関係を示した模式図であり、図６は図３（ａ）において基準線と外側板をＸ方向に矢視した場合の模式図である。
図７（ａ）及び（ｂ）はそれぞれ本実施例の回り階段製造用治具を構成する定盤及び型板が取り付けられた状態の定盤（すなわち、回り階段製造用治具）の外観図である。
図１（ａ）に示すように、本実施例の回り階段製造用治具１は、基準線３ａ〜３ｃが上面２ａに記された鉄製の定盤２と、互いに所定の間隔をあけて定盤２の上面２ａに立設される複数の型板４〜８とを備えている。型板４〜８は鉄製の平板部材からなり、下端縁４ｂ〜８ｂを基準線３ｃに一致させるようにしてそれぞれ設置されている。基準線３ａ，３ａは互いに平行であり、基準線３ｃは基準線３ａ，３ａに対して角度αで交わっている。そして、定盤２の上面２ａに対する型板４〜８の立設状態を維持するとともに、基準線３ｃに対する取り付け位置のずれを防ぐために、型板４〜８の側面近傍には、支持具９が取り付けられている。なお、図１では、型板４〜８の片側のみに支持具９を取り付けているが、これに限定されるものではない。例えば、型板４〜８の両側に支持具９，９を取り付けても良い。
図１（ｂ）に示すように、回り階段１６は取付縁１０ｂ，１０ｂ及び外面１０ｃがそれぞれ基準線３ｂ，３ｂ（図１（ａ）参照）及び型板４〜８の上端縁４ａ〜８ａ（図１（ａ）参照）に取り付けられる内側板１０と、この内側板１０に対して略平行に配置される外側板１１と、この内側板１０の内面１０ａ及び外側板１１の内面１１ａに側面１２ａ，１２ｂがそれぞれ接合される複数の踏板１２とからなる。踏板１２は平面視略矩形状をなす鉄などの金属製の平板部材（厚さ３〜６ｍｍ）であり、側面１２ａ，１２ｂは平面視円弧状をなしている。また、内側板１０及び外側板１１は鉄などの金属製の長尺部材（厚さ６〜１２ｍｍ）である。
FIGS. 1A and 1B are external perspective views of examples of a jig for manufacturing a staircase according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, FIG.1 (b) has shown the state by which the rotation staircase was temporarily attached to the rotation stair manufacturing jig.
FIG. 2 (a) is an external view showing a state where the rotating staircase of FIG. 1 (b) is installed in a vertical cylindrical storage tank, and FIG. 2 (b) is a rotating view with respect to the rotating staircase of FIG. It is the schematic diagram which showed the positional relationship of the jig | tool for stair manufacture.
FIG. 3A is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2A, and FIG. 3B is a schematic view of FIG. 3A as viewed in the Y direction. In addition, illustration of a tread board is abbreviate | omitted in Fig.3 (a).
Further, FIG. 4A is a view showing a reference line drawn on the jig for manufacturing the staircase of this embodiment, and FIGS. 4B and 4C show the inner plate member and the outer plate member, respectively. It is a top view.
5 (a) and 5 (b) are schematic views showing the positional relationship between the inner plate and the outer plate with respect to the storage tank, and FIG. 6 shows the reference line and the outer plate in the X direction in FIG. 3 (a). It is a schematic diagram when viewed.
7 (a) and 7 (b) are external views of the surface plate (ie, the staircase manufacturing jig) in a state in which the surface plate and the template constituting the revolving staircase manufacturing jig of this embodiment are attached, respectively. It is.
As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the rotating staircase manufacturing jig 1 of the present embodiment is fixed at a predetermined interval from an iron surface plate 2 having reference lines 3a to 3c marked on the upper surface 2a. A plurality of template plates 4 to 8 erected on the upper surface 2a of the board 2 are provided. The template plates 4 to 8 are made of an iron flat plate member, and are respectively installed so that the lower end edges 4b to 8b coincide with the reference line 3c. The reference lines 3a and 3a are parallel to each other, and the reference line 3c intersects the reference lines 3a and 3a at an angle α. And while maintaining the standing state of the mold plates 4-8 with respect to the upper surface 2a of the surface plate 2, in order to prevent the shift | offset | difference of the attachment position with respect to the reference line 3c, the support tool 9 exists in the side surface vicinity of the mold plates 4-8. It is attached. In addition, in FIG. 1, although the support tool 9 is attached only to the one side of the template 4-8, it is not limited to this. For example, you may attach the support tools 9 and 9 to the both sides of the template 4-8.
As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the rotation staircase 16 has mounting edges 10b, 10b and an outer surface 10c of the reference lines 3b, 3b (see FIG. 1 (a)) and the upper edges 4a-8a of the templates 4-8 ( An inner plate 10 attached to FIG. 1A), an outer plate 11 arranged substantially parallel to the inner plate 10, an inner surface 10a of the inner plate 10 and an inner surface 11a of the outer plate 11, and a side surface 12a. , 12b, and a plurality of treads 12 joined to each other. The tread 12 is a flat plate member (thickness 3 to 6 mm) made of metal such as iron that has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and the side surfaces 12a and 12b have a circular arc shape in plan view. Moreover, the inner side board 10 and the outer side board 11 are metal elongate members (thickness 6-12 mm), such as iron.
次に、回り階段１６について図２を用いて詳しく説明する。
図２（ａ）に示すように、踏板１２が地面（図示せず）に対して略水平となるように、回り階段１６の内側板１０は外面１０ｃが略全面にわたって貯蔵タンク１３の外壁面１３ａに接合される。このとき、内側板１０の取付縁１０ｂ，１０ｂの両端をそれぞれ結ぶ線分１４ａ，１４ａと交わり、かつ、鉛直方向と平行な線分１４ｂと、内側板１０の外面１０ｃとの距離（線分１４ａ，１４ａによって形成される平面に対して垂直な方向の距離）は一意に定まる。従って、図２（ｂ）に示すように、線分１４ａ，１４ｂに基準線３ａ，３ｃがそれぞれ対応し、内側板１０の取付縁１０ｂ，１０ｂに基準線３ｂ，３ｂが対応するように、回り階段製造用治具１を回り階段１６に対して配置した状態を想定すると、内側板１０の外面１０ｃと線分１４ｂとの距離は型板４〜８の高さ（以下、型板高さｈという。）に相当する。
Next, the rotating staircase 16 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the inner plate 10 of the rotating staircase 16 has an outer surface 10c extending substantially over the entire surface so that the tread 12 is substantially horizontal with respect to the ground (not shown). To be joined. At this time, the distance (line segment 14a) between the line segment 14b connecting the both ends of the mounting edges 10b and 10b of the inner plate 10 and the line segment 14b parallel to the vertical direction and the outer surface 10c of the inner plate 10 is obtained. , 14a) is uniquely determined. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the reference lines 3a and 3c correspond to the line segments 14a and 14b, respectively, and the reference lines 3b and 3b correspond to the mounting edges 10b and 10b of the inner plate 10, respectively. Assuming a state in which the stair manufacturing jig 1 is arranged with respect to the staircase 16, the distance between the outer surface 10c of the inner plate 10 and the line segment 14b is the height of the mold plates 4 to 8 (hereinafter referred to as the template height h). It corresponds to.)
型板高さｈについて図３を用いて説明する。
図３（ａ）に示すように、貯蔵タンク１３をＹ方向に矢視した場合、内側板１０の上側縁１０ｄは円弧ＡＣに投影され、内側板１０の上側縁１０ｄの下端Ａ及び上端Ｂを結ぶ線分ＡＢは線分ＡＣに投影される。また、線分１４ｂは点Ｄに投影されるため、型板高さｈ（図２（ａ）参照）は図３（ｂ）に示される線分ＤＥの長さと等しくなる。従って、下端Ａを含む貯蔵タンク１３の水平切断面１３ｂの半径をＲ１、その中心を点Ｏとし、∠ＡＯＦ及び∠ＦＯＣをθ０（以下、単位は「度」とする。）、∠ＡＯＥをθとすると、線分ＤＥの長さ（すなわち、型板高さｈ）は以下の式で表わされる。なお、線分ＯＡ及び線分ＯＣの長さはともにＲ１となり、∠ＡＯＣは２θ０となる。
The template height h will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3A, when the storage tank 13 is viewed in the Y direction, the upper edge 10d of the inner plate 10 is projected onto the arc AC, and the lower end A and the upper end B of the upper edge 10d of the inner plate 10 are projected. The connecting line segment AB is projected onto the line segment AC. Further, since the line segment 14b is projected onto the point D, the template height h (see FIG. 2A) is equal to the length of the line segment DE shown in FIG. Accordingly, the radius of the horizontal cut surface 13b of the storage tank 13 including the lower end A is R 1 , the center is the point O, ∠AOF and ∠FOC are θ 0 (hereinafter, the unit is “degrees”), ∠AOE. Is θ, the length of the line segment DE (that is, the template height h) is expressed by the following equation. The length of the line segment OA and a line segment OC is both R 1 becomes, ∠AOC becomes 2 [Theta] 0.
また、内側板１０、外側板１１及び踏板１２について図４を用いて説明する。なお、図４（ｂ）及び図４（ｃ）はそれぞれ図３（ａ）に示される曲線ＡＢと円弧ＡＣと線分ＢＣを三辺とする直角三角形及び曲線ＧＨと円弧ＧＩと線分ＨＩを三辺とする直角三角形に相当する。また、図４（ｂ）及び（ｃ）は内側板用部材及び外側板用部材を示しているが、便宜上、内側板１０及び外側板１１として説明する。
図４（ａ）において、線分ＡＣの長さＬ１は式（２）のように表される。また、基準線３ｃと基準線３ａとのなす角度がαであることから、∠ＢＡＣ及び線分ＢＣの長さＬ２は、それぞれ式（３）及び式（４）のように表される。
Moreover, the inner side board 10, the outer side board 11, and the tread board 12 are demonstrated using FIG. 4 (b) and 4 (c) are respectively a right triangle having three sides of the curve AB, the arc AC, and the line segment BC shown in FIG. 3 (a), and the curve GH, the arc GI, and the line segment HI. Corresponds to a right triangle with three sides. 4B and 4C show the inner plate member and the outer plate member, they will be described as the inner plate 10 and the outer plate 11 for convenience.
4 (a), the line segment AC length L 1 is expressed by equation (2). Further, since the angle formed between the reference line 3c and the reference line 3a is alpha, the length L 2 of ∠BAC and the line segment BC is represented as the respective formulas (3) and (4).
図４（ｂ）において、∠ＢＡＣをβ１とすると、内側板１０の上側縁１０ｄと踏板取付線１５ａのなす角度はβ１となる。また、図４（ｂ）における線分ＡＣの長さＬ３は図３（ａ）に示した円弧ＡＣの長さに等しいことから、式（５）で表される。このとき、線分ＢＣの長さＬ２について式（６）が成り立つ。 In FIG. 4 (b), when the the β 1 ∠BAC, the angle of the upper edge 10d and step board attachment line 15a of the inner plate 10 becomes beta 1. FIG. 4 (b) the length L 3 of the line segment AC in from equal to the length of the arc AC as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the formula (5). In this case, equation (6) holds for the length L 2 of the line segment BC.
図４（ｃ）に示すように、外側板１１の端縁１１ｂ，１１ｄは互いに直交し、端縁１１ｂは内側板１０の取付縁１０ｂと平行をなしている。
図４（ｃ）において、外側板１１の内径をＲ２とし、∠ＨＧＩをβ２とすると、線分ＯＩ及び線分ＯＧ（ともに図３（ａ）参照）の長さはＲ２となり、線分ＧＩの長さＬ４は式（７）で表される。また、線分ＨＩと線分ＢＣの長さが等しいことから、Ｌ２について式（８）が成り立つ。なお、外側板１１の上側縁１１ｃと踏板取付線１５ｂのなす角度はβ２となる。
As shown in FIG. 4 (c), the end edges 11 b and 11 d of the outer plate 11 are orthogonal to each other, and the end edge 11 b is parallel to the mounting edge 10 b of the inner plate 10.
In FIG. 4C, when the inner diameter of the outer plate 11 is R 2 and ∠HGI is β 2 , the lengths of the line segment OI and the line segment OG (both see FIG. 3A) are R 2 , the length of the partial GI L 4 is represented by the formula (7). Further, since it is equal to the length of a line segment HI and the line segment BC, equation (8) holds for L 2. Incidentally, the angle of the upper edge 11c and the step board attachment line 15b of the outer plate 11 is beta 2.
内側板１０の踏板取付線１５ａ及び外側板１１の踏板取付線１５ｂにそれぞれ接合される踏板１２の側面１２ａ，１２ｂは平面視円弧状をなしている。従って、側面１２ａの長さｓ１と側面１２ｂの長さｓ２の間には式（９）の関係が成り立つ。そして、踏板取付線１５ｂの長さが踏板１２の側面１２ｂの長さｓ２と等しい場合には、外側板１１の幅ｗ２は式（１０）で表わされる。また、内側板１０の幅ｗ１は外側板１１の幅ｗ２と等しいため、式（１１）が成り立つ。さらに、基準線３ｂの長さが内側板１０の取付縁１０ｂの長さに等しいことから、基準線３ａ，３ａの間隔ｗ３は式（１２）で表わされる。さらに、基準線３ｃの長さ（型板４〜８の幅）ｗ４は取付縁１０ｂより長く設定することが望ましいため、式（１３）のように表わされる。 The side surfaces 12a and 12b of the tread plate 12 respectively joined to the tread plate attachment line 15a of the inner plate 10 and the tread plate attachment line 15b of the outer plate 11 are arcuate in plan view. Therefore, the relationship of formula (9) is established between the length s 2 lengths s 1 and the side surface 12b of the side surface 12a. The length of the step board attachment line 15b is the equal to the length s 2 side 12b of the step board 12, the width w 2 of the outer plate 11 is expressed by equation (10). In addition, since the width w 1 of the inner plate 10 is equal to the width w 2 of the outer plate 11, Equation (11) is established. Further, since the length of the reference line 3b is equal to the length of the attaching edge 10b of the inner plate 10, a reference line 3a, interval w 3 of 3a is represented by the formula (12). Further, the length of the reference line 3c (template width 4 to 8) w 4 because it is desirable to set longer than the attaching edge 10b, is expressed by the equation (13).
このような構造の回り階段製造用治具１においては、型板４〜８の上端縁４ａ〜８ａが定盤２と平行をなす平坦な形状となる。また、型板４〜８と定盤２のみによって構成されるため、治具を製造するための材料費が安い。そして、型板４〜８が互いに平行に、かつ、定盤２に対して垂直に設置される構成となっているため、製造が容易である。また、加工や組み立ての際に発生する誤差が小さくなる。 In the rotating staircase manufacturing jig 1 having such a structure, the upper end edges 4 a to 8 a of the templates 4 to 8 have a flat shape parallel to the surface plate 2. Moreover, since it comprises only the template 4-8 and the surface plate 2, the material cost for manufacturing a jig | tool is cheap. And since the template 4-8 has the structure installed in parallel with each other and perpendicular | vertical with respect to the surface plate 2, manufacture is easy. Also, errors that occur during processing and assembly are reduced.
以上説明したように、本実施例の回り階段製造用治具１においては、平坦な形状の型板４〜８の上端縁４ａ〜８ａに内側板用部材を押し当てつつ曲げることにより平面視円弧状の内側板１０を高い精度で形成することが可能である。また、治具の製造コストを抑えることで回り階段１６を安価に製造することが可能である。さらに、治具を小型・軽量化して作業スペースの節約を図ることができる。 As described above, in the rotating staircase manufacturing jig 1 according to the present embodiment, the inner plate member is pressed against the upper end edges 4a to 8a of the flat shaped templates 4 to 8 and bent so as to be seen in a plan view. The arc-shaped inner plate 10 can be formed with high accuracy. In addition, it is possible to manufacture the rotating staircase 16 at a low cost by suppressing the manufacturing cost of the jig. Furthermore, the jig can be reduced in size and weight, and the working space can be saved.
ここで、内側板１０と外側板１１の位置関係について図５を用いて説明する。
図５（ａ）に示すように、内側板１０の上側縁１０ｄの下端Ａ及び上端Ｂと外側板１１の上側縁１１ｃの下端Ｇ及び上端Ｈからなる四角形ＡＢＨＧの対角線ＢＧの長さＬ６は線分ＣＧの長さをＬ５とすると次式（１４）で表される。なお、線分ＣＧの長さＬ５は式（１５）で表される。
Here, the positional relationship between the inner plate 10 and the outer plate 11 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5A, the length L 6 of the diagonal line BG of the quadrangle ABHG consisting of the lower end A and upper end B of the upper edge 10d of the inner plate 10 and the lower end G and upper end H of the upper edge 11c of the outer plate 11 is When the length of the line segment CG and L 5 is expressed by the following equation (14). The length of the line segment CG L 5 is represented by the formula (15).
また、図５（ｂ）に示すように、四角形ＡＢＨＧの対角線ＡＨの長さＬ８は線分ＡＩの長さをＬ７とすると次式（１６）で表される。なお、線分ＡＩの長さＬ７は式（１７）で表される。すなわち、四角形ＡＢＨＧで対角線ＢＧの長さＬ６と対角線ＡＨの長さＬ８は等しい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the length of the diagonal AH square ABHG L 8 is expressed by the following equation when a length of a line AI and L 7 (16). The length L 7 of the segment AI is expressed by Equation (17). That is, a square ABHG diagonal BG length L 6 and diagonal AH length L 8 are equal.
さらに、基準線１４ａと内側板１０の位置関係について図６を用いて説明する。
図６において、基準線１４ａと基準線１４ｂの交点をＪとし、内側板１０の上側縁１０ｄと基準線１４ｂの交点をＫとすると、線分ＡＤの長さＬ９及び線分ＪＤの長さＬ１０はそれぞれ式（１８）及び式（１９）で表される。そして、線分ＫＤの長さＬ１１は式（２０）で表される。
Furthermore, the positional relationship between the reference line 14a and the inner plate 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
6, the intersection of the reference line 14a and the reference line 14b and J, when the intersection of the upper edge 10d and the reference line 14b of the inner plate 10 and K, the length of the length L 9 and the line JD line segment AD L 10 is represented by the respective formulas (18) and (19). The length of the line segment KD L 11 is expressed by Equation (20).
次に、本実施例の治具の寸法について図７を用いて説明する。なお、内側板１０の内径Ｒ１は３００ｃｍ、角度β１は４５°、角度θ０を４５°、外側板１１の内径Ｒ２は４００ｃｍ、踏板取付線１５ａの長さの長さｓ１は５０ｃｍである。
式（４）と式（６）よりαは４２°となり、式（６）と式（８）より外側板１１の角度β２（図４（ｃ）参照）は３６．９°となり、式（９）より踏板取付線１５ｂの長さｓ２は６６．７ｃｍとなる。また、式（１０）と式（１１）より内側板１０の幅ｗ１及び外側板１１の幅ｗ２はともに４０ｃmとなり、式（１２）よりｗ３は３７．７ｃｍとなる。さらに、式（１３）から型板４〜８の幅に対応する基準線３ｃの長さｗ４は５６．４ｃｍよりも長いことがわかる。
すなわち、図７（ａ）において、定盤２の上面２ａに画かれた平行な一対の基準線３ａ，３ａの間隔は３７．７ｃｍであり、基準線３ｂ及び３ｃと基準線３ａ，３ａのなす角度は４２°である。さらに、図７（ａ）に示すように、基準線３ｂ，３ｃの間隔が６２ｃｍであり、基準線３ｃ，３ｃの間隔が７５ｃｍである場合、線分ＡＤの長さＬ９（図３（ｂ）参照）は表１に示す値となる。このＬ９に対するθ（図３（ｂ）参照）を式（１８）から求め、式（１）に代入して得られた型板高さｈの値を表１及び図７（ｂ）に示す。
Next, the dimensions of the jig of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The inner plate 10 has an inner diameter R 1 of 300 cm, an angle β 1 of 45 °, an angle θ 0 of 45 °, an outer plate 11 with an inner diameter R 2 of 400 cm, and a length s 1 of the length of the tread board attachment line 15a is 50 cm. It is.
From the equations (4) and (6), α is 42 °, and from the equations (6) and (8), the angle β 2 of the outer plate 11 (see FIG. 4C) is 36.9 °, and the equation ( length s 2 of the step board attachment line 15b than 9) is 66.7cm. The width w 2 are both 40cm becomes, w 3 from equation (12) of width w 1 and the outer plate 11 of the inner plate 10 and equation (10) from equation (11) becomes 37.7 cm. Further, the length of the reference line 3c corresponding to the width of the mold plate 4-8 from Equation (13) w 4 it can be seen that longer than 56.4cm.
That is, in FIG. 7A, the distance between the pair of parallel reference lines 3a and 3a drawn on the upper surface 2a of the surface plate 2 is 37.7 cm, and the reference lines 3b and 3c and the reference lines 3a and 3a form. The angle is 42 °. Further, as shown in FIG. 7A, when the distance between the reference lines 3b and 3c is 62 cm and the distance between the reference lines 3c and 3c is 75 cm, the length L 9 of the line segment AD (FIG. 3B )) Is the value shown in Table 1. Calculated θ for this L 9 (see FIG. 3 (b)) from the equation (18) indicates the value of the template height h obtained by substituting the equation (1) in Table 1 and FIG. 7 (b) .
本実施例の回り階段製造用治具１を用いた回り階段の製造方法について図８及び図９を用いて説明する。
図８は本実施例の回り階段製造用治具１を用いて回り階段１６を製造する手順を示す工程図であり、図９（ａ）及び（ｂ）は回り階段製造用治具１に仮付けされた回り階段１６の外観斜視図である。なお、図１〜図７に示した構成要素については同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
図８に示すように、ステップＳ１において、長尺状の内側板用部材の片面（すなわち、内側板１０の外面１０ｃ）を回り階段製造用治具１の型板４〜８の上端縁４ａ〜８ａに押しあてつつ曲げることにより平面視円弧状の内側板１０を形成する。
ステップＳ２では、図９（ａ）に示すように内側板１０の取付縁１０ｂを基準線３ｂ（図７（ｂ）参照）の位置に仮付けする。そして、内側板１０の外面１０ｃと型板４〜８の上端縁４ａ〜８ａに隙間が生じないように、必要に応じて内側板１０を型板４〜８に仮付けする。なお、本実施例では、内側板１０が貯蔵タンク１３の外壁面１３ａに接合された状態において両端縁が鉛直方向と平行をなすため、この両端縁を取付縁１０ｂ，１０ｂとして用いている。しかし、内側板１０の両端縁が上述の条件を満足しない場合には、予め内側板用部材に対して板状の取付部材を、内側板１０が貯蔵タンク１３の外壁面１３ａに接合された状態において鉛直方向と平行をなすような方向に設けておき、この取付部材を取付縁１０ｂとする必要がある。
ステップＳ３では、図９（ａ）に示すように内側板１０を矢印Ｚの向きに見た場合の上側縁１０ｄと基準線３ａとの型板４〜８の幅方向のずれと、式（１８）〜式（２０）から求めた計算値（設計基準値）を比較することにより、内側板１０の寸法をチェックする。なお、内側板１０の上側縁１０ｄと基準線３ａとの型板４〜８の幅方向のずれは、既に図６を用いて説明したようにＬ１０とＬ１１の差に相当する。
式（１８）〜式（２０）から求めた型板４〜８の位置での内側板１０の上側縁１０ｄと基準線３ａとの型板４〜８の幅方向のずれ（Ｌ１０とＬ１１の差）を表２に示す。このように、内側板１０の上側縁１０ｄと基準線３ａとの型板４〜８の幅方向のずれ（測定値）と、表２に示したＬ１０とＬ１１の差（設計基準値）を比較することによれば、内側板１０の形状確認作業及び修正作業が容易となる。そして、踏板１２を取り付ける前に内側板１０を要求される形状に仕上げることができる。これにより、踏板１２や外側板１１の組み付け精度が高まる。
A method for manufacturing a swirl staircase using the swirl staircase manufacturing jig 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 8 is a process diagram showing a procedure for manufacturing the rotating staircase 16 using the rotating staircase manufacturing jig 1 of this embodiment, and FIGS. 9A and 9B are temporary diagrams of the rotating staircase manufacturing jig 1. It is an external appearance perspective view of the attached surrounding staircase 16. FIG. In addition, about the component shown in FIGS. 1-7, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 8, in step S <b> 1, the upper edge 4 a of the mold plates 4 to 8 of the staircase manufacturing jig 1 is turned around one side of the long inner plate member (that is, the outer surface 10 c of the inner plate 10). The inner plate 10 having an arc shape in plan view is formed by bending while pressing against 8a.
In step S2, as shown in FIG. 9A, the attachment edge 10b of the inner plate 10 is temporarily attached to the position of the reference line 3b (see FIG. 7B). Then, the inner plate 10 is temporarily attached to the mold plates 4 to 8 as necessary so that there is no gap between the outer surface 10c of the inner plate 10 and the upper end edges 4a to 8a of the mold plates 4 to 8. In the present embodiment, since both end edges are parallel to the vertical direction in a state where the inner plate 10 is joined to the outer wall surface 13a of the storage tank 13, these both end edges are used as the mounting edges 10b and 10b. However, when both end edges of the inner plate 10 do not satisfy the above-mentioned conditions, a plate-like mounting member is previously connected to the inner plate member, and the inner plate 10 is joined to the outer wall surface 13a of the storage tank 13. It is necessary to provide the mounting member as a mounting edge 10b in a direction parallel to the vertical direction.
In step S3, as shown in FIG. 9A, when the inner plate 10 is viewed in the direction of the arrow Z, the shift in the width direction of the mold plates 4 to 8 between the upper edge 10d and the reference line 3a, and the equation (18 The dimensions of the inner plate 10 are checked by comparing the calculated values (design reference values) obtained from the equations (20) to (20). Incidentally, the upper edge 10d and the width direction of the displacement of the mold plate 4-8 of the reference line 3a of the inner plate 10, already corresponds to the difference between L 10 and L 11 as described with reference to FIG.
Deviation (L 10 and L 11) in the width direction of the mold plates 4 to 8 between the upper edge 10d of the inner plate 10 and the reference line 3a at the positions of the template plates 4 to 8 determined from the equations (18) to (20). Table 2 shows the difference. Thus, the upper edge 10d and the widthwise direction of the mold plates 4-8 and the reference line 3a displacement of the inner plate 10 (the measurement value), the difference (design reference value) of L 10 and L 11 shown in Table 2 Are compared, it becomes easy to confirm and correct the shape of the inner plate 10. And before attaching the tread board 12, the inner side board 10 can be finished in the shape requested | required. Thereby, the assembly precision of the tread board 12 or the outer side board 11 increases.
ステップＳ４では、図９（ｂ）に示すように略矩形状の踏板１２の側面１２ａを内側板１０の内面１０ａに画かれた踏板取付線１５ａ（図９（ａ）参照）に対して正確に位置合わせするとともに、平面視して円弧状をなす内側板１０に垂直となるように踏板１２を内面１０ａに仮付けする。
ステップＳ５では、長尺状の鉄製の外側板用部材の片面（すなわち、内側板１１の内面１１ａ）に画かれた踏板取付線１５ｂを踏板１２の側面１２ｂに対して正確に位置合わせした後、押しあてつつ曲げることにより平面視円弧状の外側板１１を形成する。
ステップＳ６では、踏板１２の側面１２ｂに内側板１１の内面１１ａを仮付けする（図１（ｂ）参照）。
ステップＳ７では、内側板１０の上側縁１０ｄの下端Ａ及び上端Ｂと外側板１１の上側縁１１ｃの下端Ｇ及び上端Ｈからなる四角形ＡＢＨＧの対角線ＢＧ，ＡＨ（図５参照）の長さＬ６、Ｌ８を測定し、式（１４）〜式（１７）から求めた計算値と比較することにより、外側板１１の寸法をチェックする。なお、本実施例では、対角線ＢＧの長さＬ６及び対角線ＡＨの長さＬ８はともに６８７ｃｍとなる。
このように、内側板１０の上側縁１０ｄの両端及び外側板１１の上側縁１１ｃの両端を頂点とする四角形ＡＢＨＧの対角線ＢＧ，ＡＨの長さ（測定値）と、Ｌ６及びＬ８（設計基準値）を比較することによれば、外側板１１の形状確認と修正作業が容易となる。これにより、外側板１１の形状を設計値通りに正確に仕上げることができる。
そして、ステップＳ８では、回り階段製造用治具１を内側板１０から取り外した後、ステップＳ９において、内側板１０及び外側板１１に踏板１２が仮付けされた箇所を溶接する。
In step S4, as shown in FIG. 9B, the side surface 12a of the substantially rectangular tread 12 is accurately set to the tread attachment line 15a (see FIG. 9A) drawn on the inner surface 10a of the inner plate 10. At the same time, the tread plate 12 is temporarily attached to the inner surface 10a so as to be perpendicular to the inner plate 10 having an arc shape in plan view.
In step S5, after accurately aligning the tread plate attachment line 15b drawn on one side of the long iron outer plate member (that is, the inner surface 11a of the inner plate 11) with respect to the side surface 12b of the tread plate 12, The outer plate 11 having a circular arc shape in plan view is formed by bending while pressing.
In step S6, the inner surface 11a of the inner plate 11 is temporarily attached to the side surface 12b of the tread plate 12 (see FIG. 1B).
In step S7, a length L 6 of a diagonal line BG, AH (see FIG. 5) of a quadrangle ABHG composed of the lower end A and upper end B of the upper edge 10d of the inner plate 10 and the lower end G and upper end H of the upper edge 11c of the outer plate 11 is obtained. , L 8 is measured, and the dimensions of the outer plate 11 are checked by comparing with the calculated values obtained from the equations (14) to (17). In this embodiment, the length L 8 of diagonal BG length L 6 and diagonal AH both become 687Cm.
As described above, the lengths (measured values) of the diagonal lines BG and AH of the quadrangle ABHG having apexes at both ends of the upper edge 10d of the inner plate 10 and both ends of the upper edge 11c of the outer plate 11, and L 6 and L 8 (design) (Reference value) is compared, it becomes easy to confirm and correct the shape of the outer plate 11. Thereby, the shape of the outer side plate 11 can be finished exactly as a design value.
In step S8, the jig for manufacturing the staircase 1 is removed from the inner plate 10, and in step S9, the place where the tread plate 12 is temporarily attached to the inner plate 10 and the outer plate 11 is welded.
このような製造方法によれば、型板４〜８の上端縁４ａ〜８ａが平坦な形状をしているため、これに内側板用部材の片面を押しあてつつ曲げることにより平面視円弧状の内側板１０が容易かつ高精度に形成される。また、踏板１２と内側板１０を平面視した場合、内側板１０に接合されない方の踏板１２の側面１２ｂは内側板１０と同心円上に配置される。従って、この踏板１２の側面１２ｂに外側板用部材の片面を押しあてつつ曲げることにより平面視円弧状の外側板１１が容易かつ高精度に形成される。 According to such a manufacturing method, since the upper end edges 4a to 8a of the template plates 4 to 8 have a flat shape, an arcuate shape in a plan view is obtained by bending one side of the member for the inner plate against this. The inner plate 10 is formed easily and with high accuracy. Further, when the tread plate 12 and the inner plate 10 are viewed in plan, the side surface 12 b of the tread plate 12 that is not joined to the inner plate 10 is arranged concentrically with the inner plate 10. Therefore, the outer plate 11 having an arc shape in plan view can be easily and accurately formed by bending one side of the member for outer plate against the side surface 12b of the tread plate 12 while bending it.
以上説明したように、本実施例の回り階段の製造方法によれば、回り階段１６を高精度に、かつ安価に製造することが可能である。また、外側板１１を形成する際に、平面視円弧状に曲げるための専用治具を別個に用意する必要がないため、作業スペースを節約するとともに治具の製造コストを安くすることができる。 As described above, according to the manufacturing method of the rotating staircase of the present embodiment, the rotating staircase 16 can be manufactured with high accuracy and at low cost. Further, when the outer plate 11 is formed, it is not necessary to separately prepare a dedicated jig for bending in an arc shape in plan view, so that the work space can be saved and the manufacturing cost of the jig can be reduced.
なお、本発明の回り階段製造用治具は、本実施例に示す場合に限定されるものではない。すなわち、回り階段製造用治具や回り階段は鉄以外の金属であっても良いし、金属以外の例えば、熱硬化性樹脂のようなものであっても良い。さらに、踏板を内側板や外側板に接合する方法は溶接に限らず、ボルト締めであっても良い。そして、型板の厚さ、個数及び設置個所は本実施例に示す場合に限定されるものではなく、適宜変更可能である。また、本実施例の回り階段の製造方法においては、内側板の寸法をチェックする際に上側縁と基準線との型板の幅方向のずれを設計基準値と比較しているが、上側縁の代わりに下側縁を用いても良い。
ただし、この場合には設計基準値を計算する式（１８）〜式（２０）を修正する必要がある。さらに、外側板の寸法をチェックする工程において、内側板及び外側板の各上側縁の両端を頂点とする四角形の対角線の長さを設計基準値と比較しているが、このような方法に限定されるものではない。例えば、設計基準値を計算する式（１４）〜式（１７）を修正し、上側縁と下側縁のいずれかの両端を頂点とする四角形の対角線の長さを設計基準値と比較するようにしても良い。
また、本実施例では、踏板取付線の長さが踏板の側面の長さに等しいものとして外側板の幅を計算しているが、外側板の幅を決定する場合、必ずしもこのような方法によらなくとも良い。例えば、外側板や内側板の幅を踏板の側面の長さと無関係に設定することもできる。さらに、本実施例では、回り階段の内側板が略全面にわたって貯蔵タンクの外壁面に接合された状態となっているが、通常、内側板は取付部材を介して貯蔵タンクの外壁面に接合される。しかしながら、このような場合でも、内側板の外面全体に当接するような貯蔵タンクの外壁面を想定することによれば、本実施例の製造方法はそのまま適用可能である。
The turning stair manufacturing jig of the present invention is not limited to the case shown in the present embodiment. That is, the turning stair manufacturing jig or the turning staircase may be a metal other than iron, or may be a material other than metal, such as a thermosetting resin. Furthermore, the method of joining the tread plate to the inner plate or the outer plate is not limited to welding, and may be bolted. The thickness, number, and installation location of the template are not limited to those shown in this embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate. Moreover, in the manufacturing method of the swivel staircase of the present embodiment, when checking the dimension of the inner plate, the deviation in the width direction of the template between the upper edge and the reference line is compared with the design reference value. The lower edge may be used instead of.
However, in this case, it is necessary to correct the equations (18) to (20) for calculating the design standard value. Furthermore, in the process of checking the dimensions of the outer plate, the length of the diagonal of the quadrangle with the ends of each upper edge of the inner plate and the outer plate as vertices is compared with the design standard value, but this method is limited. Is not to be done. For example, the formulas (14) to (17) for calculating the design reference value are corrected, and the length of the diagonal line of the quadrangle having the vertices at either end of the upper edge or the lower edge is compared with the design reference value. Anyway.
Further, in this embodiment, the width of the outer plate is calculated on the assumption that the length of the tread plate attachment line is equal to the length of the side surface of the tread plate, but when determining the width of the outer plate, such a method is not necessarily used. You don't have to. For example, the width of the outer plate or the inner plate can be set regardless of the length of the side surface of the tread plate. Further, in this embodiment, the inner plate of the rotating staircase is joined to the outer wall surface of the storage tank over substantially the entire surface, but the inner plate is usually joined to the outer wall surface of the storage tank via an attachment member. The However, even in such a case, if the outer wall surface of the storage tank that contacts the entire outer surface of the inner plate is assumed, the manufacturing method of this embodiment can be applied as it is.
本発明の請求項１乃至請求項４に記載された発明は、縦置円筒型タンクに限らず、外形が円柱状をなすあらゆる設備全般に周設される回り階段を製造する場合に適用可能である。 The invention described in the first to fourth aspects of the present invention is not limited to a vertically installed cylindrical tank, and can be applied to manufacturing a rotating staircase that is provided around any equipment having an outer shape that is columnar. is there.
１…回り階段製造用治具 ２…定盤 ２ａ…上面 ３ａ〜３ｃ…基準線 ４〜８…型板 ４ａ〜８ａ…上端縁 ４ｂ〜８ｂ…下端縁 ９…支持具 １０…内側板 １０ａ…内面 １０ｂ…取付縁 １０ｃ…外面 １０ｄ…上側縁 １１…外側板 １１ａ…内面 １１ｂ，１１ｄ…端縁 １１ｃ…上側縁 １２…踏板 １２ａ，１２ｂ…側面 １３…貯蔵タンク １３ａ…外壁面 １３ｂ…水平切断面１３ｂ １４ａ，１４ｂ…線分 １５ａ，１５ｂ…踏板取付線 １６…回り階段
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Turning stair manufacturing jig 2 ... Surface plate 2a ... Upper surface 3a-3c ... Baseline 4-8 ... Template 4a-8a ... Upper edge 4b-8b ... Lower edge 9 ... Supporting tool 10 ... Inner board 10a ... Inner surface DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10b ... Installation edge 10c ... Outer surface 10d ... Upper side edge 11 ... Outer side plate 11a ... Inner surface 11b, 11d ... End edge 11c ... Upper side edge 12 ... Tread plate 12a, 12b ... Side surface 13 ... Storage tank 13a ... Outer wall surface 13b ... Horizontal cut surface 13b 14a, 14b ... line segment 15a, 15b ... tread attachment line 16 ... turning stairs
Claims (4)
この定盤上に立設され，上端縁が，前記外壁面に接合された状態の前記内側板が形成する曲面に当接するように構成され，かつ，下端縁が，前記内側板が前記外壁面に接合された場合に鉛直方向と平行をなすように内側板用部材に想定される取付縁に対して平行になるように構成される複数の型板と、を備え、
この型板は側面視した場合に、その上端縁が前記定盤を弦とする円と中心が同一であり，かつ前記円柱型設備の中心軸から前記内側板の外面までの水平距離と等しい半径を有する円弧上に配置されることを特徴とする回り階段製造用治具。 A plurality of horizontally installed treads and a circular arc outer plate and an inner plate joined to each other via the treads. The inner plate is joined to the outer wall surface and connected to the cylindrical equipment. It is a jig for manufacturing a rotating staircase, and is a flat surface plate,
Standing on the surface plate, the upper end edge is configured to abut on the curved surface formed by the inner plate joined to the outer wall surface, and the lower end edge is configured so that the inner plate is the outer wall surface. A plurality of templates configured to be parallel to the mounting edges assumed for the inner plate member so as to be parallel to the vertical direction when joined to
This template, when viewed from the side, has a radius that is equal to the horizontal distance from the center axis of the cylindrical equipment to the outer surface of the inner plate, and whose upper edge is the same as a circle centered on the surface plate. A jig for manufacturing a rotating staircase, characterized in that the jig is arranged on an arc having a shape.
Before removing the turning stair manufacturing jig from the inner plate, the length of the diagonal line of the quadrangle with the ends of each side edge of the inner plate and the outer plate as vertices is compared with the second design reference value. The method for manufacturing a rotating staircase according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a step of checking a dimension of the outer plate.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN104646900A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-05-27 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | Inclined ladder weight-free assembling tool |
| CN114986434A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-02 | 江西恒禹设备安装有限公司 | Installation auxiliary fixtures are erect to large-scale metal storage tank outside dish ladder |
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| FR3091714B1 (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2021-01-08 | Rondcarre | On-site assembly and installation system of a quarter-turn metal staircase kit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104646900A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-05-27 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | Inclined ladder weight-free assembling tool |
| CN114986434A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-02 | 江西恒禹设备安装有限公司 | Installation auxiliary fixtures are erect to large-scale metal storage tank outside dish ladder |
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