JP4229764B2 - Wind turbine blade pitch angle control device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pitch angle control device for controlling a pitch angle of a wind turbine blade in a wind turbine used for wind power generation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-99045
As a conventional wind turbine blade pitch angle control device, for example, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known. This includes a servo motor attached to the rotor head of the wind turbine and coaxial with the rotation shaft of the rotor head, a main gear consisting of a bevel gear fixed to the output shaft of the servo motor, and a radially inner end of each wind turbine blade. And an auxiliary gear composed of a bevel gear meshing with the main gear. And when controlling the pitch angle of the wind turbine blade with this, the main gear is rotated by operating the servo motor, and the rotation of the main gear is transmitted to the sub gear to rotate all the wind turbine blades synchronously. To do.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a conventional wind turbine blade pitch angle control device, since only one servo motor is provided for applying rotational force to the wind turbine blade, the servo motor may be damaged due to disconnection or power failure. Then, there is a problem that the pitch angle of the windmill blade cannot be controlled. In particular, when a strong wind is blown after a servo motor breaks down when the pitch angle of the windmill blade is set for a weak wind, the windmill rotates at high speed and becomes dangerous.
[0005]
In order to prevent such a situation, it is considered that a sub motor is installed in addition to the main motor (the servo motor described above), and when the main motor fails, the sub motor is operated to control the pitch angle of the wind turbine blade. . Here, when the sub motor is provided in addition to the main motor in this way, in order to simplify the overall shape and facilitate the handling, all of the main motor, the sub motor, the speed reducer, and the transmission means described above are provided in one case. It is common to have it built in.
[0006]
However, in such a case, the assembly work becomes troublesome, and when one of the parts breaks down, the whole must be disassembled for repair, and maintenance becomes troublesome. is there.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a pitch angle control device for a wind turbine blade that can be easily assembled and maintained.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this purpose, the pitch angle is controlled by rotating a plurality of windmill blades that are attached to the rotor head of the windmill and whose inner ends in the radial direction are rotatably connected to the rotor head. A pitch angle control device for a wind turbine blade, which is a main motor, a sub motor that operates when the main motor fails, and a rotation input from the main motor or the sub motor via a transmission means to be transmitted to the wind turbine blade. This can be achieved by providing a speed reducer for rotating the windmill blade and a cover surrounding the transmission means, and mounting the speed reducer on one side of the cover and the main motor and the sub motor on the other side.
[0009]
In this invention, since the reduction gear is attached to one side of the cover surrounding the transmission means and the main motor and the sub motor are externally attached to the other side, the assembly work becomes easier than when these are built in the case, In addition, even if any of the components fails, the failed components can be easily exposed and repaired by simply removing the speed reducer or the like, thereby facilitating maintenance work.
[0010]
Further, if configured as described in claim 2, it becomes possible to directly transmit the driving force from the output shaft of the main motor to the input portion of the reduction gear, and as a result, the transmission efficiency of the driving force is improved, The structure can also be simplified.
Further, if configured as described in claim 3, the output shaft of the main motor can be shared with the sub motor as a driving force transmission system to the speed reducer, thereby simplifying the structure of the entire apparatus and reducing the production cost. Can be made inexpensive.
Moreover, if comprised as described in Claim 4, it can manufacture cheaply compared with the case where an external gear is fixed to the output shaft of a main motor.
[0011]
Furthermore, if constituted as described in claim 5, it is possible to use a low-torque output motor that rotates at a higher speed than the main motor as the sub motor. As a result, the sub motor is reduced in size and weight, and the entire apparatus can be manufactured at low cost. It can be made compact.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since a large reduction ratio can be obtained by the internal and external gears, the reduction ratio of the reduction gear can be reduced, thereby making the reduction gear small and inexpensive. It can be.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, reference numeral 11 denotes a hollow rotor head of a windmill used for wind power generation. The rotor head 11 is rotatably supported by a windmill body (not shown). The rotor head 11 is connected to a speed increaser and a generator (not shown). As a result, when the rotor head 11 rotates, the generator generates (wind power). Reference numeral 14 denotes a plurality of wind turbine blades that extend in the radial direction and are equiangularly spaced in the circumferential direction, here three wind turbine blades. The radial inner ends of the wind turbine blades 14 have a cylindrical shape and can be rotated by the rotor head 11. It is connected to. An internal gear 15 is formed on the inner periphery of the inner end of the wind turbine blade 14 in the radial direction.
[0013]
Reference numeral 17 denotes a plurality of pitch angle control devices (the same number as the wind turbine blades 14) for controlling the pitch angle, that is, the mounting angle of the wind turbine blade 14 with respect to the rotor head 11 by rotating the wind turbine blades 14. The device 17 has a planetary gear speed reducer, here an eccentric oscillating speed reducer 19, mounted on a mounting plate 18 formed integrally with the rotor head 11. A cover 21 encloses a transmission means to be described later. The speed reducer 19 is attached to one side of the cover 21, and in detail, a case 20 having a substantially cylindrical shape is attached.
[0014]
Reference numeral 24 denotes an electric main motor attached to the other side of the cover 21. Usually, the pitch angle of the windmill blade 14 is controlled by the rotational driving force of the main motor 24. The main motor 24 has a rotating shaft 25 extending toward one side, and a main transmission shaft 26 fitted on the tip of the rotating shaft 25 is integrally connected to the rotating shaft 25 by a key 27. . The main transmission shaft 26 is located in the cover 21 and the other end is rotatably supported by the cover 21 by a bearing 28. The rotary shaft 25 and the main transmission shaft 26 described above constitute an output shaft 29 of the main motor 24 that is coaxial with the rotation center of the speed reducer 19, and the main transmission shaft 26 of the output shaft 29 is described later. It is also part of the transmission means.
[0015]
Reference numeral 31 denotes a carrier housed in the case 20 and constituting a part of the speed reducer 19. The carrier 31 extends from the end plate portion 31a toward the other side by an end plate portion 31a provided at one end. It is composed of a plurality of column portions 31b and end plate portions 31c fixed to the other ends of these column portions 31b by bolts 32. Reference numeral 33 denotes a large number of internal teeth pins as internal teeth provided on the inner periphery of the case 20, and these internal teeth pins 33 extend in the axial direction and are arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction. Reference numeral 34 denotes an output shaft integrally connected to the carrier 31, more specifically, one end of the end plate portion 31a. The output shaft 34 and the carrier 31 are disposed between the output shaft 34, the carrier 31 and the case 20. The case 35 is rotatably supported by an intervening bearing 35.
[0016]
Reference numeral 36 denotes a plurality of, here two, pinions housed in the case 20, and these pinions 36 are arranged in parallel in the axial direction. Further, these pinions 36 have external teeth 36a having a slightly smaller number of teeth on the outer periphery than the number of internal tooth pins 33, and these external teeth 36a are in the state where the phase is shifted by 180 degrees in the adjacent pinion 36. It is engaged with 33. The pinions 36 are formed with the same number of loose fitting holes 38 as the above-mentioned column portions 31b, and the column portions 31b of the carrier 31 are inserted through these loose fitting holes 38 in the axial direction. .
[0017]
A plurality of through holes 39 are formed in the pinion 36, and these through holes 39 are arranged alternately with the loose fitting holes 38 in the circumferential direction. Reference numeral 40 denotes a plurality of crankshafts, here the same number as the through-holes 39. One end of the crankshaft 40 is rotatable to the end plate portion 31a and the other end portion to the end plate portion 31c via a bearing 41. It is supported. Each crankshaft 40 has two eccentric portions 40a that are eccentric by an equal distance from the central axis of the crankshaft 40 at the center in the axial direction, and these eccentric portions 40a are out of phase by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction. The eccentric portions 40a are inserted into the through holes 39 of the pinions 36 with needle bearings 42 interposed therebetween.
[0018]
45 is an input gear of the speed reducer 19 connected to the other end of each crankshaft 40 by spline coupling, and these input gears 45 include the output shaft 29 of the main motor 24, more specifically, the tip of the main transmission shaft 26. An output external gear 46 formed on the outer periphery (one end portion) is engaged. The front end of the main transmission shaft 26 is inserted into the end plate portion 31c, and is rotatably supported by the carrier 31 by a bearing 47 interposed therebetween. If the output external gear 46 is formed on the outer periphery of the tip end of the output shaft 29 of the main motor 24 and the output external gear 46 is meshed with the input gear 45 of the speed reducer 19, the output of the main motor 24 is achieved. Compared to the case where a separate external gear is fixed to the shaft 29, the shaft 29 can be manufactured at a low cost.
[0019]
Then, when the drive rotation of the output shaft 29 of the main motor 24 is transmitted to the input gear 45 and the crankshaft 40 rotates, the eccentric portion 40a rotates eccentrically in the through hole 39, and the phase of the pinion 36 is shifted by 180 degrees. Make an eccentric rotation (revolution) in the state. At this time, the case 20 is stationary and the number of external teeth 36a is slightly smaller than the number of internal tooth pins 33, so the carrier 31 and the output shaft 34 rotate at a low speed. The case 20, the carrier 31, the internal tooth pin 33, the output shaft 34, the pinion 36, the crank shaft 40, and the input gear 45 described above decelerate the rotation input from the output shaft 29 of the main motor 24 with a large reduction ratio. The speed reducer 19 is configured to output.
[0020]
50 is an external gear connected to one end of the output shaft 34 by spline coupling, and the external gear 50 is retained by a retaining plate 52 fixed to one end surface of the output shaft 34 by a bolt 51, and It meshes with the internal gear 15. As a result, when the main motor 24 operates and the output shaft 29 rotates, the rotation of the output shaft 29 is decelerated by the speed reducer 19 and then transmitted to the windmill blade 14, and the windmill blade 14 is rotated to Change the pitch angle.
[0021]
Here, since the pitch circle of the external gear 50 is considerably smaller than the pitch circle of the internal gear 15, the internal gear 15 is provided on the inner periphery of the wind turbine blade 14 in the radial direction as described above, and the speed reducer If the external gear 50 that meshes with the internal gear 15 is provided on the output shaft 34 of the nineteen, it is possible to obtain a large reduction ratio by the internal gears 15 and 50, thereby reducing the reduction ratio of the reduction gear 19. The reduction gear 19 can be made small and inexpensive.
[0022]
An oil seal 54 is interposed between one end of the case 20 and the output shaft 34. The oil seal 54 is disposed on one side of the bearing 35 so as to be in close contact with the bearing 35. Thus, if the bearing 35 and the oil seal 54 are arranged in a state of being in close contact with each other and the distance between them is made as short as possible, even if the output shaft 34 is bent due to a lateral load, the oil seal 54 It is possible to effectively reduce the influence of bending on the oil, thereby improving the reliability against oil leakage.
[0023]
58 is installed on the side of the main motor 24 in an offset state from the center of rotation of the speed reducer 19 and operates only when the main motor 24 (including its control unit and power feeding unit) fails due to disconnection or power failure. The sub motor 58 is arranged so that the rotation shaft 59 thereof is parallel to the rotation shaft 25 of the main motor 24 and is attached to the other side of the cover 21 in the same manner as the main motor 24.
[0024]
In this way, the rotation center of the reduction gear 19 (the rotation axis of the output shaft 34) and the output shaft 29 of the main motor 24 are arranged coaxially, and the sub motor 58 is arranged parallel to the side of the main motor 24. For example, it is possible to directly transmit the driving force from the output shaft 29 of the main motor 24 to the input part (input gear 45) of the speed reducer 19. As a result, the transmission efficiency of the driving force during normal operation is improved. The structure can also be simplified.
[0025]
61 is a sub-transmission shaft that is externally fitted to the tip of the rotary shaft 59. The sub-transmission shaft 61 is integrally connected to the rotary shaft 59 by a key 62. The sub-transmission shaft 61 is located in the cover 21 and both axial ends thereof are rotatably supported by the cover 21 by bearings 63. The rotary shaft 59 and the sub transmission shaft 61 described above constitute an output shaft 64 of the sub motor 58 as a whole. Of the output shaft 64, the sub transmission shaft 61 is also a part of transmission means described later.
[0026]
A first external gear 67 is formed on the outer periphery of the output shaft 29 of the main motor 24, more specifically, the main transmission shaft 26, while a second outer gear 67 is formed on the outer periphery of the output shaft 64 of the sub motor 58, more specifically, the outer periphery of the sub transmission shaft 61. An external gear 68 is formed, and an idle gear 69 disposed between the main transmission shaft 26 and the sub transmission shaft 61 is engaged with both the first and second external gears 67 and 68. Here, the idle gear 69 is rotatably supported on the shaft portion 21 a of the cover 21 via a bearing 70.
[0027]
As described above, the first external gear 67 is provided on the output shaft 29 of the main motor 24, the second external gear 68 is provided on the output shaft 64 of the sub motor 58, and both the first and second external gears 67, 68 are provided. If the idle gear 69 that meshes with the output shaft 64 of the sub motor 58 is transmitted to the speed reducer 19 via the output shaft 29 of the main motor 24, the output shaft 29 of the main motor 24 is connected to the speed reducer 19. It can be shared with the sub motor 58 as a driving force transmission system for the motor, whereby the structure of the entire apparatus is simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[0028]
Here, since the pitch circle diameter of the second external gear 68 is smaller than the pitch circle diameter of the first external gear 67, a motor with a low torque output rotating at a higher speed than the main motor 24 may be used as the sub motor 58. As a result, the sub motor 58 is reduced in size and weight so that the entire apparatus can be manufactured at low cost and becomes compact. The main transmission shaft 26, the sub transmission shaft 61, and the idle gear 69 described above constitute a transmission means 72 that transmits the rotation from the main motor 24 or the sub motor 58 to the speed reducer 19, and the transmission means 72 is the above-described transmission means 72. Stored in the cover 21.
[0029]
Next, the operation of one embodiment of the present invention will be described.
When changing the pitch angle of the wind turbine blade 14, the main motor 24 is energized to rotate the output shaft 29. The rotation of the output shaft 29 is transmitted to the crankshaft 40 via the input gear 45, and the crankshaft The shaft 40 is rotated synchronously. At this time, the case 20 is stationary, and the number of external teeth 36a is slightly less than the number of internal tooth pins 33, so that the rotation of the output shaft 29 is decelerated and the carrier 31, the output shaft 34, the external gear 50, the carrier 31, the output shaft 34, and the external gear 50 are rotated at a low speed. Here, since the internal gear 15 formed on the windmill blade 14 meshes with the external gear 50, the windmill blade 14 is rotated by the rotation of the external gear 50, and the pitch angle thereof is changed.
[0030]
The pitch angle of the windmill blade 14 is controlled within a range of 10 to 30 degrees during normal operation. When the wind becomes weak, the windmill blade 14 is rotated so that the pitch angle becomes small. The rotation of the rotor head 11 is increased, and if the wind becomes strong, the windmill blade 14 is rotated to increase the pitch angle, and the rotation of the rotor head 11 is decelerated. The power generation efficiency is improved while avoiding the problem.
[0031]
Here, if the main motor 24 fails due to disconnection, power failure, etc., the auxiliary motor 58 is energized from the standby power supply to rotate the output shaft 64. The rotation of the output shaft 64 is input to the speed reducer 19 via the idle gear 69 and the output shaft 29. After being decelerated in the same manner as described above, the speed reduction gear 19 is output to the external gear 50. Rotate 50 at low speed. Thus, even when the main motor 24 fails, the windmill blade 14 can be rotated to control the pitch angle.
[0032]
In this embodiment, as described above, the speed reducer 19 is externally attached to one side of the cover 21 surrounding the transmission means 72, and the main motor 24 and the sub motor 58 are externally attached to the other side. Assembling work is easier than in the case where it is built in 21. In addition, if any part fails, simply remove the cover 21 from the reducer 19, or remove the main motor 24 and the sub motor 58 from the cover 21. Can be easily exposed and repaired, which facilitates maintenance work.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, assembly work and maintenance work can be facilitated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall front sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially broken front view.
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the vicinity of the speed reducer.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 ... Rotor head 14 ... Windmill blade
15 ... Internal gear 17 ... Pitch angle control device
19 ... Reducer 21 ... Cover
24 ... Main motor 29 ... Output shaft
34 ... Output shaft 45 ... Input gear
46 ... Output external gear 50 ... External gear
58 ... Sub motor 67 ... First external gear
68 ... Second external gear 69 ... Idle gear
72 ... Transmission means

Claims (6)

Pitch angle control of a wind turbine blade that is attached to the rotor head of the wind turbine and that controls the pitch angle by rotating a plurality of wind turbine blades whose inner ends in the radial direction are rotatably connected to the rotor head. A main motor, a sub motor that operates when the main motor breaks down, and a rotation input from the main motor or the sub motor via a transmission means to decelerate and transmit the wind turbine blade to the wind turbine blade, A wind turbine blade pitch angle control comprising: a reduction gear for rotation; a cover surrounding the transmission means; and a reduction gear mounted on one side of the cover and a main motor and a sub motor mounted on the other side. apparatus. The pitch angle control device for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, wherein the rotation center of the speed reducer and the output shaft of the main motor are arranged coaxially and the sub motor is arranged in parallel to the side of the main motor. A first external gear is provided on the output shaft of the main motor, a second external gear is provided on the output shaft of the sub motor, and an idle gear that meshes with both the first and second external gears is provided. The pitch angle control device for a wind turbine blade according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotation from the wind turbine blade is transmitted to the reduction gear via the output shaft of the main motor. The wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an output external gear is formed on an outer periphery of a tip end portion of the output shaft of the main motor, and the output external gear is meshed with an input gear of the speed reducer. Pitch angle control device. The pitch angle control device for a wind turbine blade according to claim 3, wherein a pitch circle diameter of the second external gear is smaller than a pitch circle diameter of the first external gear. The pitch of the windmill blade according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an internal gear is provided on the inner periphery of the radially inner end of the windmill blade, and an external gear that meshes with the internal gear is provided on the output shaft of the speed reducer. Angle control device.

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