JP4226609B2 - Dental component implant - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dental component implant, and more particularly to an implant structure used for implant treatment, which is one of prosthetic treatments for missing teeth.

  Prosthetic treatment, which is performed when teeth are lost due to dental caries, periodontal disease, or the like, is a treatment method in which artificial teeth that are as close to natural teeth as possible are inserted to rejuvenate the chewing function. In dentures (dentures), which is one of the prosthetic treatments, the shape of the soft gingiva and the bones of the jaw below the skin always changes, so that it may not be able to perform the biting function for a long period of time. Therefore, an implant treatment in which not only the tooth but also the root is replaced and an implant body which becomes a root portion instead of the tooth is embedded in the jaw bone and the crown of the superstructure is loaded on the implant body is attracting attention. . The jaw bone grows around the implanted implant body during the healing period, and the implanted implant body is finally secured to the jaw bone. Then, an abutment portion called an abutment is connected to the implant body, and a new crown is mounted on the abutment portion. Thus, the implant treatment method becomes a semi-permanent tooth as long as maintenance after treatment is performed, and is an effective prosthetic treatment method. Several proposals have heretofore been made as implant bodies used in this implant treatment.

  As one of them, Patent Document 1 proposes a single root type dental implant in which an implant body to be inserted into a patient's alveolar bone and an abutment screwed into the implant body are coaxially coupled. Has been.

  Incidentally, the maxilla and mandible in which the implant body is embedded have a structure as shown in FIGS. The maxillary bone 51 shown in FIG. 5 has a pyramid shape, and cavities called the maxillary sinus 52 and the nasal cavity 53 exist inside thereof. The maxillary bone 51 forming the maxillary sinus 52 and the nasal cavity 53 is very thin and dense, and there are few trabecular bones of the cancellous bone, and the maxilla 51 has a fragile structure as a whole. Therefore, when the implant body is embedded in the maxilla 51, it is necessary to perform an additional operation such as bone replacement by a bone regeneration induction method for the purpose of maintaining the implant body. Further, the maxilla 51 is thinner than the mandible. For this reason, structurally, the stress applied to the jawbone via the teeth is buffered and borne by the “wall structure”. For this reason, the upper molar portion of the human maxilla has a structure in which the root is divided into three legs and bears the stress. However, in the conventional implant body, the above-mentioned original physiological structure of a human being is ignored, and the implantation operation has been performed with the implant body of the same form. For this reason, the service life of the upper jaw implant body is much shorter than that of the lower jaw, and it has become a difficult case, causing various troubles.

  Further, the mandible 61 shown in FIG. 6 is roughly divided into a mandible 61-1 having a horseshoe shape and a mandibular branch 61-2 located behind the mandible, which is thicker than the maxilla 51 in FIG. And the denseness is thick. However, the inferior alveolar nerve 63 runs inside the gingiva 62 at the upper part of the mandible 61. Therefore, when using a single root type implant body proposed in Patent Document 1, this inferior alveolar nerve is used. The implant body must be implanted avoiding the 63 position.

Therefore, using an angled abutment 72 proposed in Patent Document 2 and having a structure extending in the direction of the central axis b oblique to the central axis a of the implant body 71 as shown in FIG. In order to avoid the lower alveolar nerve 63, a method of implanting the implant body 71 into the jawbone in an inclined manner is employed.
JP 2004-202939 A JP 2005-052175 A

  However, in the implant treatment method as disclosed in Patent Document 2, as the inclination angle of the implant implantation of the implant body 71 is increased, the bending moment generated when meshing is increased, and the stress applied to the implant body 71 is increased. There was a problem that the life of the body 71 was shortened.

  The present invention is intended to solve such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a dental component implant that is not limited to a treatment position and has a long life.

In order to solve the above problems, the dental component implant of the present invention has a composite structure including three leg implant bodies, a root pedestal and an abutment. The leg implant body is embedded and fixed in the alveolar bone of the maxillary molar portion as a tooth root and has a leg structure. In addition, since the leg implant body is movably inserted in the root base seat , a maintenance hole having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the leg implant body is provided , and each leg implant body inserted into the maintenance hole is provided. It has a function to organize. Furthermore, the abutment is connected to the root pedestal, and is an abutment for loading the crown. Therefore, according to the present invention having such a composite structure, the treatment position is not limited and versatility is high, and the load at the time of meshing can be dispersed in each leg implant body to avoid the concentration of biased stress. When the load is applied in the longitudinal direction of the abutment, the life of the entire implant is extended.

Further, the leg implant body has a screw portion for screwing and fixing with the alveolar bone of the maxillary molar portion . Further, the head portion of the leg implant body is provided with a locking portion having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the maintenance hole in order to be locked to the root pedestal portion. Moreover, the connection part for connecting a root base part and an abutment is each provided in the root base part and the abutment.

According to the present invention enables embedded irrespective of shape of the maxillary molars, the load when the meshing by supporting the root pedestal distributed to each leg implant body by and three legs implant body Thus, the concentration of stress that is biased is avoided, and the load is applied in the longitudinal direction of the abutment, thereby extending the life of the entire implant.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective perspective view showing the structure of a dental component implant according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2A and 2B are configuration diagrams showing the configuration of the leg implant body of FIG. 1, in which FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a front view. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the root pedestal portion of FIG. 1, in which (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the configuration of the abutment of FIG. A dental component implant 10 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is embedded in the alveolar bone of the maxilla or mandible and has a function as a root, and has a plurality of leg implant bodies 11 having a leg structure, A maintenance hole 12 into which the leg implant body 11 is movably inserted is provided, has a function of grouping the leg implant bodies 11 inserted into the maintenance hole 12, and the abutment 14 shown in FIG. The tooth root pedestal portion 13 and the abutment 14 which is a support for loading a crown not shown are configured. In addition, these structural members are mainly made of pure titanium having good affinity with a living body, no corrosion, and less metal allergy. Further, the number of leg implant bodies 11 is three in the case of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in view of stability, but may be two or four or more.

  Next, the components constituting the composite structure of the dental component implant 10 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the leg implant body 11 is attached to the patient surface on the leg surface. A screw portion 15 for screwing with the alveolar bone is formed, and further, when the leg implant body 11 is inserted into the maintenance hole 12 of the root base seat portion 13, it is locked to the root base seat portion 13. A locking portion 16 having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the hole 12 is provided. Further, a groove 17 that engages with a loading jig (not shown) used when screwing into the alveolar bone of the patient and being embedded is formed in the head of the locking portion 16. In addition, the length in the longitudinal direction of each leg implant body 11 may be set according to the treatment position or according to the angle of the root pedestal portion 13, that is, depending on the direction of the abutment 14 and the crown to be described later. In view of stability, the same length is preferable.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a connecting portion 18 for connecting to the abutment 14 is provided at substantially the center of the root pedestal portion 13. The connecting portion 18 is provided with a thread groove if the connecting mechanism is screwed with the abutment 14, for example. However, the connecting portion 18 is not limited to this. It has been. In addition, although the outer diameter (phi) of the tooth root base part 13 shall be 8.0-10.0 mm and the outer diameter (phi) of the connection part 18 shall be 2.6-3.5 mm, it is not necessary to limit to this.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a notch connecting portion 19 provided with a thread groove to be screwed with the connecting portion 18 of the root pedestal portion 13 is provided substantially at the center of the abutment 14. . A crown 20 is set on the abutment 14 as shown in FIG.

  Next, main implant treatment using the dental component implant 10 of the present embodiment having the composite structure as described above will be described below.

  First, an incised alveolar crest is incised, and an embedding cavity is formed for embedding each leg implant body 11 in a predetermined embedding direction of the alveolar bone that appears using a twist drill. . The embedding direction of the embedding cavity, that is, the embedding direction of the leg implant body 11 may be inclined with respect to the major axis direction of the abutment 14 and is not limited as compared with the conventional case. Then, each leg implant body 11 is passed through the maintenance hole 12 of the tooth root pedestal portion 13, and a loading jig is engaged with the groove 17 provided in the head of the locking portion 16 of the leg implant body 11 to each leg portion. The implant body 11 is rotated at a low speed, and the implant body 11 is inserted while cooling water is poured. Then, the installation position and the installation angle of the rear root base part 13 in which the leg implants 11 are embedded to some extent are determined, and the respective leg implants 11 are finally tightened. Then, the connecting portion 18 of the root pedestal portion 13 is connected to the connecting portion 19 of the abutment 14, the root pedestal portion 13 and the abutment 14 are coupled, and the crown 20 is loaded.

  Thus, according to the dental component implant of the present embodiment, the implant can be performed regardless of the shape of the maxilla or mandible and the position of the inferior alveolar nerve running below the mandible, and a plurality of By supporting the root pedestal portion with the leg implant body of the tooth, the load when meshing is dispersed to each leg implant body to avoid concentration of biased stress and the load is applied in the longitudinal direction of the abutment Overall life is extended. This eliminates the need for additional surgery such as bone augmentation by a bone regeneration induction method, and enables implant placement to be applied to cases where bone is insufficient or not suitable for placement.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications and substitutions are possible as long as they are described within the scope of the claims.

It is a perspective perspective view which shows the structure of the dental component implant which concerns on the example of 1 embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the leg implant body of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the tooth root base part of FIG. It is a front view which shows the structure of the abutment of FIG. It is the schematic which shows the structure of a patient's maxilla. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the structure of a patient's mandible. It is a front view which shows the structure of the conventional implant.

Explanation of symbols

10; dental component implant,
11; Leg implant body, 12; Maintenance hole, 13; Root seat base,
14; Abutment, 15; Screw part, 16; Locking part,
17; groove, 18, 19; connecting portion, 20; crown, 71; implant body,
72; Angled abutment.

Claims (4)

Three leg implants which are embedded and fixed in the alveolar bone of the maxillary molar part as a root and form a leg structure;
For the leg implant body is inserted movably, maintain bore of inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the leg portion implant body is provided for organizing the respective leg implant body that is inserted into the maintaining hole Having a tooth root pedestal,
A dental component implant comprising: a composite structure including: an abutment that is connected to the root pedestal and is a support for loading a crown. The dental component implant according to claim 1, wherein the leg implant body has a screw portion for screwing and fixing with an alveolar bone of a maxillary molar portion .   The locking part which has an outer diameter larger than the internal diameter of the said maintenance hole is provided in the head of the said leg part implant body in order to be locked to the said tooth root base part. Dental component implant.   The dental component implant according to claim 1, wherein a connection part for connecting the root pedestal part and the abutment is provided on the root pedestal part and the abutment, respectively.

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