JP4225399B2 - Waste treatment facility - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a facility for treating general waste or the like by incineration.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Of the general waste generated by companies and households, combustible materials are incinerated at a wastewater treatment plant. Conventionally, such treatment facilities are ground-based, and are widely used in cities and suburbs, for example. As shown in Fig. 4, a site 50 is secured on the ground, and a building 50 that will serve as a waste incineration site is constructed. Incineration using a waste receiving and supply facility, an incinerator, or a gasification melting furnace inside the building 50 Other facilities such as facilities and exhaust gas treatment facilities are installed. Then, waste is carried in from the approach path 51, and after incineration or the like is processed by equipment in the building 50, incineration residue such as ash and slag is carried out from the carry-out path 52.
[0003]
By the way, in recent years, the amount of waste discharged has increased, and countermeasures for waste have become an urgent and important issue. However, a conventional ground-type waste incineration site requires a certain amount of land, so it is difficult to secure it around urban areas.
[0004]
In addition, there are problems such as environmental degradation due to air pollution and odor, traffic problems due to the passage of garbage trucks, deterioration of the surrounding environment such as landscapes, etc. It is often difficult to construct facilities.
[0005]
Therefore, incineration sites are being constructed in hilly and mountainous areas that are far from the city, but in this case, a large slope appears to create a flat part for the construction site, leading to the landscape. There are concerns about the impact on the ecosystem due to the impact of the above and the modification of the above-ground part.
[0006]
As a waste treatment facility that eliminates such inconvenience and is easy to secure land for the installation of treatment facilities such as incineration compared to the past and has little effect on the surrounding environment and landscape, a well-known underground power plant, for example, A facility that uses technology used when constructing tunnels, underground oil storage facilities, etc., excavating a large cavity in the basement of a mountainous area and installing treatment equipment such as incineration there has been proposed previously. .
[0007]
FIG. 5 shows an example of this. As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 71-162727, it is of a horizontal shaft type, and uses a slope topography and continues to a horizontal shaft type approaching passage 51 excavated horizontally. A plurality of horizontal pit underground cavities 53 that accommodate a platform 54, a garbage pit 55, and mechanical equipment 56 such as an incinerator are connected to each other by a connecting tunnel 60. The horizontal pit underground cavities 53 are exhausted and ventilated. The shaft 57 and the connecting shaft 58 are continuously constructed.
[0008]
FIG. 6 shows another example, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-196331, which is of a vertical shaft type, using the topography of the slope, and the underground cavities of the approach path 51, the platform 54, and the garbage pit 55 In addition, a shaft 59 for installing mechanical equipment such as an incinerator and a gasification melting furnace is provided, and these are connected by a connecting tunnel 60.
[0009]
In both the horizontal shaft type and the vertical shaft type, facilities such as a management facility, a cooling tower that performs heat exchange using outside air, and a steam condenser are installed on the ground and on the ground level. Thereby, the required area and modification range of the above-ground part can be made small.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the method of excavating a large cavity underground, construction is difficult on earth and sand ground, hard rock or soft rock ground is suitable, and the ground that can be built is limited. In the case of hard rock ground, it is sufficient to support sprayed concrete and rock bolts. However, in the case of soft rock ground, it is necessary to further strengthen the support such as lining concrete, and the workability as a hollow system is not good.
[0011]
In addition, in the case of the horizontal shaft type, the earth covering of the underground cavities should be 20m or more as a guide, and the distance between the cavities should be more than twice the width of the cavities, and the required underground area is considerably larger than the above ground building type Cost. The construction cost is at least equal to or higher than the ground building type.
[0012]
In the case of the vertical shaft type, mechanical equipment such as an incinerator is installed in the vertical shaft, so the required underground area is smaller than that of the horizontal shaft type, but the construction cost is the same as that of the horizontal shaft type. As such, it will be at least equivalent.
[0013]
In addition, due to restrictions on machine layout, the difference in level between the level of the platform 54 and the vertical part 3 of the vertical shaft of the shaft is about 30m. If this difference in height cannot be secured, the approach path to the platform 54 may become long, or a garbage pit Inconveniences such as tilting of the conveyer to the incinerator in the vertical shaft occur. For this reason, it is possible to secure a difference of about 30m between the platform level and the flat top part of the shaft, and there are topographical restrictions.
[0014]
The object of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages of the conventional example, and to reduce the construction cost while taking advantage of the underground type characteristics that can reduce the required area and modification range of the above-ground part, as in the case of the vertical type It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste treatment facility that can increase the place where it can be located without having to secure a required height difference between the platform level and the vertical portion of the vertical shaft.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a space for installing a waste treatment facility between an excavation part formed by excavating the ground surface by an excavation method and a vertical shaft excavated in parallel downward from the bottom of the excavation part. In the excavation part, a platform is provided as a receiving supply facility at a location following the approach path, a waste pit is provided immediately below the platform, and an incineration treatment facility is provided on both sides of the receiving supply facility at a location in contact with the waste pit. A waste hopper is disposed, an incinerator is disposed at the outlet of the waste hopper, and the shaft constructed continuously below the excavation part is positioned below the incinerator, and in the processes after incineration. The gist of the present invention is that a certain gas cooling / exhaust gas treatment process facility is arranged, and these gas cooling / exhaust gas treatment process facilities arranged in the shaft are communicated by a communication passage .
[0016]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the upper part of the waste treatment facility is an open type, and the lower part is a vertical type, and a combination of an open type and a vertical type is employed. The construction cost can be reduced compared to the case of the formula. In addition, the required area as a planar shape can be reduced, and the required area and modification range of the above-ground part can be minimized as compared with the above-ground type, so that the influence on the surrounding environment and landscape can be reduced.
[0017]
And the receiving supply equipment and incineration processing equipment, which have large required capacity, can be installed in the excavation part, and other equipment can be placed in the shaft below the underground space, and the excavation part is located above the shaft. By doing so, the place which can be located can be increased without having to ensure a required altitude difference between the platform level which is the receiving and supplying equipment and the vertical portion of the vertical shaft as in the case where the entire facility is a vertical type.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the waste treatment facility of the present invention, which will be described from the outline of the present invention. In the present invention, the ground surface, that is, the flat portion 3 of the terrain is excavated by the excavation method to form the excavation part 1, and the excavation part 1 is excavated below from the bottom of the excavation part 1 to form the shaft 2. And the shaft 2 form an underground space necessary for installing the waste treatment facility.
[0019]
The open-cut unit 1 is provided with a receiving and supplying facility and an incineration processing facility, which are facilities having a large required volume, and a facility such as a gas cooling / exhaust gas processing facility is installed in the shaft 2. Moreover, the upper part of the equipment installed in the excavation part 1 protrudes on the ground, and the management room 19 etc. are provided here.
[0020]
FIG. 2 shows an example of the arrangement of various facilities in which the present invention is implemented in a stoker type incineration system. In the illustrated example, two shafts 2 are excavated in parallel from the bottom of the excavation section 1, and the excavation section 1 has a disposal As a facility for receiving and supplying goods, a platform 4 is provided at a location following the approach path 51, and a garbage pit 5 is provided immediately below the platform 4. In the figure, 6 indicates a waste crane that moves horizontally.
[0021]
Incineration facilities are arranged on both sides of the receiving and supplying facility. In this incineration processing facility, a waste hopper 7 is disposed at a location in contact with the waste pit 5, and a stoker-type incinerator 8 is disposed at the outlet of the waste hopper 7. In the figure, 9 is a boiler installed above the stoker type incinerator 8, and a dust drop conveyor 10 and an ash extruder 11 are arranged below, and an ash crane is located on the side of the dust pit 5 on the garbage pit 5 side. 12 were placed.
[0022]
Since there are two shafts 2, the ash cranes 12 that are to be disposed on both lower sides of the garbage pit 5 communicate with each other through an ash removal conveyor connection tunnel 13.
[0023]
An economizer 14 is installed outside the stoker-type incinerator 8.
[0024]
As described above, the receiving supply facility and the incineration processing facility are installed in the open cut unit 1. Above the stoker-type incinerator 8, a central control room 15, an electric room 16, a steam turbine generator room 17, a deodorizing device room 18, etc. are installed on the platform 4 as various equipment rooms. A management room 19 is provided above the electric room 16.
[0025]
In the shaft 2 that is continuously constructed below the excavation unit 1, the equipment for gas cooling / exhaust gas treatment process, which is a process after incineration, is disposed below the stoker type incinerator 8. Specifically, for example, the gas cooling tower (cooling tower) 20, the dust collector (bag filter) 21, the induction blower 22, etc. are installed in the two shafts 2 for the gas cooling / exhaust gas treatment process. The facilities are connected via a communication passage 23. Thereby, the equipment of the gas cooling / exhaust gas treatment process arranged on the same plane level as the stoker type incinerator 8 in the conventional ground type can be three-dimensionally arranged below the stoker type incinerator 8, The required area as a planar shape is reduced.
[0026]
In addition, the steam condenser is exposed outside because it uses the outside air for heat exchange.
[0027]
In order to incinerate the waste using such facilities, the garbage truck loaded with garbage enters the platform 4 from the approach path 51 and enters the garbage pit 5 directly below the platform 4 from the entry door via the chute. In At this time, the dust falling into the garbage pit 5 has a large drop, and thus naturally agitates.
[0028]
Garbage thrown into the garbage pit 5 is grabbed by the garbage crane 6 and directly put into the garbage hopper 7, sent from here to the stoker-type incinerator 8 and incinerated. The incinerated ash is stored in an ash pit (not shown) next to the garbage pit 5, transferred by a conveyor, and carried out from an ash removal space (not shown) next to the platform 4. On the other hand, fly ash is transported in the shaft 2 by a conveyor, and is also carried out of the ash extraction space.
[0029]
In addition, an ash melting facility is installed beside the approach path 51, incineration ash and fly ash are melted, and the generated slag and treated ash solidified product are carried out.
[0030]
The exhaust gas generated during incineration is sent from the bottom of the shaft 2 to the chimney standing on the ground via the flue by the induction blower 22 after the treatment.
[0031]
FIG. 3 shows an example of the arrangement of various facilities when the present invention uses a fluidized bed gasification and melting system, which is one embodiment of the incineration system, and has a two-line configuration, and the basic configuration is the stoker type incineration shown in FIG. As in the case of the system, in the example shown in the figure, two shafts 2 are excavated in parallel from the bottom of the excavation unit 1, and a waste receiving and supply facility with a large required volume and fluidized bed gas are provided in the excavation unit 1. An incineration processing facility using the chemical melting method is disposed, and other facilities are disposed in the shaft 2.
[0032]
The facility for receiving and supplying waste is composed of a platform 4 at a place following the approach path 51, a garbage input door 25, a garbage chute 24, a garbage pit 5, a garbage crane 6, a garbage hopper 7 and the like installed on the platform 4, Garbage is accepted in this order and supplied to the incinerator.
[0033]
Incineration processing facilities are arranged on both sides of the receiving and supplying facility. This incineration processing equipment includes a gasification furnace 26 downstream of the waste hopper 7, a melting furnace 27, a waste heat boiler 28 downstream of the melting furnace 27, a fan chamber 29 in which a forced blower is installed.
[0034]
As described above, the receiving supply facility and the incineration processing facility are installed in the excavation section 1, and a central control room 15, an electric room 32, a boiler are provided above the receiving supply facility and the incineration processing facility as rooms for various devices. A machine room 33, a deodorizing device room 18, a chemical receiving room 34, a ventilation fan room 35, etc. are installed, and an electric room 32, a ventilation fan room 35, and a management room 19 are provided above the platform 4.
[0035]
In the two shafts 2 constructed continuously below the excavation part 1, equipment for gas cooling / exhaust gas treatment process, which is a process after the process such as incineration, is arranged. Specifically, for example, a gas air heater 36, an economizer 14, a gas cooling tower (cooling tower) 20 as a gas cooling facility, a dust collector (bag filter) 21 as an exhaust gas treatment facility, a catalytic reaction device 37, an induction fan 22 etc. are installed. The two shafts 2 are connected by a communication passage 23. As a result, the gas cooling / exhaust gas treatment process equipment, which was placed on the same level as the melting furnace 27 in the conventional ground type, can be placed on multiple floors in the vertical shaft 2 below the excavated part where the incineration treatment equipment is installed. It can be arranged in three dimensions, and the required area as a planar shape is reduced.
[0036]
Since the steam condenser 38 performs heat exchange using outside air, the steam condenser 38 is installed exposed at the top so that the outside air heated by heat exchange can be directly discharged to the atmosphere.
[0037]
39 in the figure indicates a waste water treatment chamber for treating plant waste water generated in the incineration treatment facility.
[0038]
In order to incinerate waste using such facilities, a garbage truck loaded with garbage enters the platform 4 from the approach path 51 and passes through the garbage chute 24 from the garbage entry door 25 and directly below the platform 4. Put it in the garbage pit 5. At this time, the dust falling into the garbage pit 5 has a large drop, and thus naturally agitates.
[0039]
Garbage thrown into the garbage pit 5 is grabbed by the garbage crane 6 and directly put into the garbage hopper 7, sent from here to the gasification furnace 26, gasified, and sent to the downstream melting furnace 27. In the melting furnace 27, high temperature combustion is performed at 1300 ° C. to 1500 ° C., combustible components are incinerated, and ash components are melted into slag. The in-furnace residue discharged from the gasification furnace 26 and the slag discharged from the melting furnace 27 are incombustible material treatment equipment (not shown) installed near the ground surface through a conveyor laid on a flue conveyor shaft (not shown). The iron and aluminum components are sorted and collected.
[0040]
Fly ash collected by the dust collector (bag filter) 21 is transported through the vertical shaft 2 by pneumatic transportation and treated with chemicals in the fly ash treatment facility. The slag, iron, aluminum, and treated ash that are finally discharged are temporarily stored in a bunker installed in the ash extraction space provided on the floor of the platform 4 and are carried out from the loading / unloading tunnel.
[0041]
The exhaust gas generated during the incineration process is sent from the bottom of the shaft 2 to the chimney (not shown) standing on the ground via the flue by the induction blower 22 after the process.
[0042]
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and embankment or the like is applied to a part or most of the upper part of the excavation part 1, and the embankment part 61 can be used for a park or a parking lot. In addition, the example of arrangement | positioning of an above described facility is an example, and is not limited to this.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the waste treatment facility of the present invention can reduce the impact on the surrounding landscape and ecosystem, while taking advantage of the underground characteristics of reducing the required area and modification range of the above-ground part. The construction cost can be reduced by combining the two types, and the location can be located without having to secure the required height difference between the platform level and the vertical part of the vertical shaft as in the case of the conventional vertical shaft type only. Can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a waste treatment facility of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal front view when the waste treatment facility of the present invention is implemented in a stoker-type incineration system.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal front view when the waste treatment facility of the present invention is implemented in a fluidized bed gasification melting system.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a ground building type waste treatment facility.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a horizontal shaft type waste treatment facility.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a vertical waste disposal facility.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the waste treatment facility of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Opening part 2 ... Vertical shaft 3 ... Flat part 4 ... Platform 5 ... Garbage pit 6 ... Garbage crane 7 ... Garbage hopper 8 ... Stoker type incinerator 9 ... Boiler 10 ... Dust conveyor
11 ... ash extruder 12 ... ash crane
13 ... Tash out conveyor connection tunnel 14 ... Economizer
15 ... Central control room 16 ... Electric room
17 ... Steam turbine generator room 18 ... Deodorization equipment room
19 ... Management room 20 ... Gas cooling tower (cooling tower)
21 ... Dust collector (bug filter) 22 ... Attracting blower
23 ... Communication passage 24 ... Trash chute
25 ... Garbage input door 26 ... Gasification furnace
27 ... Melting furnace 28 ... Waste heat boiler
29 ... Fan room 32 ... Electric room
33 ... Boiler machine room 34 ... Chemical reception room
35… Ventilation fan room 36… Gas air heater
37 ... Catalytic reactor 38 ... Steam condenser
39… Wastewater treatment room 50… Building
51 ... Entry way 52 ... Unloading route
53… Horizontal underground cavern 54… Platform
55… Garbage pit 56… Mechanical equipment
57… Exhaust and ventilation shaft 58… Communication shaft
59 ... Vertical shaft 60 ... Communication tunnel
61 ... banking

Claims (1)

The excavation part formed by excavating the ground surface by the excavation method and the shaft excavated in parallel downward from the bottom of the excavation part, forming a space for installing waste treatment equipment,
In the excavation part, a platform is provided at the location following the approach path as a receiving supply facility, a waste pit is provided directly below the platform, and a waste hopper is disposed at both sides of the receiving supply facility as an incineration processing facility at a location in contact with the waste pit. Disposing an incinerator at the exit of the waste hopper,
In the shaft constructed continuously below the excavation part, it is positioned below the incinerator, and the gas cooling / exhaust gas treatment process equipment, which is a process after the incineration, is disposed in the shaft. A waste treatment facility characterized in that these gas cooling and exhaust gas treatment process facilities are connected via a communication passage .

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