JP4217581B2 - Production method of halomethylated polysulfone polymer - Google Patents

Production method of halomethylated polysulfone polymer Download PDF

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JP4217581B2
JP4217581B2 JP2003362415A JP2003362415A JP4217581B2 JP 4217581 B2 JP4217581 B2 JP 4217581B2 JP 2003362415 A JP2003362415 A JP 2003362415A JP 2003362415 A JP2003362415 A JP 2003362415A JP 4217581 B2 JP4217581 B2 JP 4217581B2
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aromatic polysulfone
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雅裕 濱田
省吾 川上
昭人 今
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Description

本発明は,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体の製造法に関する。本発明は,より詳細には,ホルムアルデヒドのアセタール化物とハロゲン化剤を併用して,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子中の芳香環にハロメチル基を導入する方法に関する。  The present invention relates to a method for producing a halomethylated aromatic polysulfone polymer. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for introducing a halomethyl group into an aromatic ring in an aromatic polysulfone polymer by using acetalized formaldehyde and a halogenating agent in combination.

ポリエーテルスルホン(製品名:スミカエクセル,住友化学工業),ポリスルホン(製品名:ユーデル,ソルベイアドバンスドポリマーズ)などの芳香族ポリスルホン系樹脂は,耐久性,加工性に優れ,エンジニアリングプラスチックとして限外ろ過膜や逆浸透膜などに広く用いられている。  Aromatic polysulfone resins such as polyethersulfone (product name: Sumika Excel, Sumitomo Chemical) and polysulfone (product name: Udel, Solvay Advanced Polymers) have excellent durability and processability, and are ultrafiltration membranes as engineering plastics. And widely used in reverse osmosis membranes.

これらの芳香族ポリスルホン系樹脂にペンダント基としてハロメチル基を任意の量導入できれば,新たな機能を発現させることができる。例えば,ハロメチル基含有芳香族ポリスルホンをグラフトするか,または適当な架橋剤で架橋することにより,耐溶剤性を向上させたり,ハロメチル基を4級アンモニウム塩に変換することによりイオン交換能を付与し,イオン交換材料として用いることなどができる。  If an arbitrary amount of halomethyl groups can be introduced as pendant groups into these aromatic polysulfone resins, new functions can be developed. For example, the solvent resistance is improved by grafting a halomethyl group-containing aromatic polysulfone or by crosslinking with an appropriate crosslinking agent, or ion exchange ability is imparted by converting the halomethyl group to a quaternary ammonium salt. It can be used as an ion exchange material.

芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子の芳香環にハロメチル基を導入する方法としては,現在クロロメチルメチルエーテルをクロロメチル化剤として用い,ルイス酸を触媒として反応させる方法が唯一実用的な方法として知られている。  As a method for introducing a halomethyl group into an aromatic ring of an aromatic polysulfone polymer, a method using chloromethyl methyl ether as a chloromethylating agent and reacting with a Lewis acid as a catalyst is currently known as the only practical method. Yes.

例えば,ポリスルホン(Udel)をジクロロエタンに溶解し,クロロメチルメチルエーテルをクロロメチル化剤,塩化亜鉛を触媒として用いることのより,ポリスルホンのクロロメチル化体を得る方法が特許文献1,特許文献2には記載されている。また,テトラクロロエタン中で,クロロメチルメチルエーテルと無水塩化スズを用いることにより,ポリスルホンのクロロメチル化体を得る方法も知られている(特許文献3,特許文献4,特許文献5)。  For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose a method for obtaining a chloromethylated product of polysulfone by dissolving polysulfone (Udel) in dichloroethane, using chloromethyl methyl ether as a chloromethylating agent and zinc chloride as a catalyst. Is described. Also known is a method of obtaining a chloromethylated polysulfone by using chloromethyl methyl ether and anhydrous tin chloride in tetrachloroethane (Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, Patent Document 5).

しかしながら,クロロメチルメチルエーテルは非常に優れたクロロメチル化剤ではあるものの,クロロメチルメチルエーテルは職業安全保険機構(Occupational Safety and Health Administration)により高度に発ガン性を有するものとして指定されているものである。したがって,工業的に芳香族ポリスルホンのクロロメチル化体を製造する場合の原料としては不適であり,好ましくはクロロメチルメチルエーテルを用いない製造法の確立が求められている。  However, although chloromethyl methyl ether is a very good chloromethylating agent, chloromethyl methyl ether has been designated as highly carcinogenic by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. It is. Therefore, it is unsuitable as a raw material for industrially producing chloromethylated aromatic polysulfone, and there is a demand for establishment of a production method that preferably uses no chloromethyl methyl ether.

芳香環のハロメチル化反応としては,濃塩酸中でパラホルムアルデヒドと塩化水素ガスを作用させる方法が知られているが,芳香族ポリスルホンなどの疎水性高分子の場合は反応性が低く,この方法で芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のクロロメチル化を行うことは難しい。特に大量に高分子にハロメチル基を導入することはできない。  As a halomethylation reaction of an aromatic ring, a method in which paraformaldehyde and hydrogen chloride gas are allowed to act in concentrated hydrochloric acid is known. However, in the case of a hydrophobic polymer such as aromatic polysulfone, the reactivity is low. It is difficult to chloromethylate aromatic polysulfone polymers. In particular, halomethyl groups cannot be introduced into the polymer in large quantities.

Warshawskyらは,クロロメチルメチルエーテルの代わりにクロロメチルオクチルエーテルやブロモメチルオクチルエーテルを用いてポリスルホンのハロメチル化を行っている(非特許文献1)。しかし,この場合ハロメチルオクチルエーテルは一般に入手しにくく,高価なため,工業的な原料としては好ましくない。  Warshawsky et al. Halomethylate polysulfone using chloromethyl octyl ether or bromomethyl octyl ether instead of chloromethyl methyl ether (Non-patent Document 1). However, in this case, halomethyloctyl ether is generally difficult to obtain and expensive, and is not preferable as an industrial raw material.

Wrightらは,ジメトキシメタンと塩化チオニルとの反応によりクロロメチル化剤を系中で発生させ,ポリスチレンのクロロメチル化を行っている(非特許文献2)。また,イソモノオレフィンとビニリデン置換芳香族モノマーとを含むコポリマーを同様の方法でハロメチル化している報告もある(特許文献6)。  Wright et al. Generate chloromethylating agent in the system by reaction of dimethoxymethane and thionyl chloride to chloromethylate polystyrene (Non-patent Document 2). There is also a report in which a copolymer containing an isomonoolefin and a vinylidene-substituted aromatic monomer is halomethylated by the same method (Patent Document 6).

また,特定の構造を有するポリマーをハロゲン含有ルイス酸触媒及びメタノールの存在下で,アセチルハライドとジメトキシメタンを反応させて,クロロメチルメチルエーテルを発生させてハロゲンアルキル化ポリマーを製造する方法も報告されている(特許文献7)。  Also reported is a method for producing a halogen alkylated polymer by reacting a polymer having a specific structure with acetyl halide and dimethoxymethane in the presence of a halogen-containing Lewis acid catalyst and methanol to generate chloromethyl methyl ether. (Patent Document 7).

特開平04−227833号公報(第3−4頁)JP 04-227833 A (page 3-4) 特許第3165725号公報Japanese Patent No. 3165725 特開平02−245035号公報(第5頁)Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-245035 (page 5) 特開平03−146525号公報(第9頁)Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-146525 (page 9) 特開平06−73123号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-73123 特開平08−319311号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-319311 特開平10−87817号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-87817 A.Warshawsky,N.Kahana,A.Deshe,H.E.Gottlieb,R.A.Yellin,J.Polyme.Sci.,PartA,Pilym.Chem.,28,2885−2905(1990)A. Warshawsky, N .; Kahana, A .; Deshe, H .; E. Gottlieb, R.A. A. Yellin, J .; Polyme. Sci. , Part A, Pilym. Chem. , 28, 2885-2905 (1990) Wright,Macromolecules,24,5879−5880(1991)Wright, Macromolecules, 24, 5879-5880 (1991).

本発明の目的は,クロロメチルメチルエーテルを用いない,安全で安価であり工業的に実施可能な,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体の製造方法を提供することにある。  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a halomethylated product of an aromatic polysulfone-based polymer that does not use chloromethyl methyl ether, is safe, inexpensive and industrially feasible.

本発明者らは,上記課題を克服するべく鋭意研究を行った結果,反応系中でクロロメチル化剤を発生させることにより,クロロメチルメチルエーテルを使用しないでも芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のクロロメチル化体を合成できることを見出した。
すなわち本発明は、
As a result of intensive studies to overcome the above problems, the present inventors have generated a chloromethylating agent in the reaction system, so that the chloromethyl of an aromatic polysulfone polymer can be obtained without using chloromethyl methyl ether. It was found that a compound can be synthesized.
That is, the present invention

(1)触媒の存在下ホルムアルデヒドのアセタール化物とハロゲン化剤を併用してハロメチル化を行うことを特徴とする芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体の製造法、
(2)芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子が下記式(IX)
(1) A method for producing a halomethylated product of an aromatic polysulfone polymer, characterized in that halomethylation is carried out using acetalized formaldehyde in combination with a halogenating agent in the presence of a catalyst,
(2) The aromatic polysulfone polymer is represented by the following formula (IX)

Figure 0004217581
(式中、Yは単結合、または下記式
Figure 0004217581
(Where Y is a single bond, or

Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581

で表わされる基、Rはメチル基もしくはトリフルオロメチル基を表わす。)
で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンである上記(1)に記載の製造方法、
And R represents a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group. )
The production method according to the above (1), which is an aromatic polysulfone having a structural unit represented by:

(3)芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子が下記式(I)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンであり,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体が下記式(II)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンである上記(1)に記載の製造方法、 (3) The aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic polysulfone having a structural unit represented by the following formula (I), and the halomethylated product of the aromatic polysulfone polymer has a structural unit represented by the following formula (II): The production method according to the above (1), which is an aromatic polysulfone having

Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581

Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581

(式中、Xはフッ素原子,塩素原子,臭素原子,ヨウ素原子のいずれかを表す。また,a,bはそれぞれ独立に0から4の整数を表し,同時に0になることはない。) (In the formula, X represents any one of a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. A and b each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4, and are not 0 at the same time.)

(4)芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子が下記式(III)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンであり,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体が下記式(IV)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンである上記(1)に記載の製造方法、 (4) The aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic polysulfone having a structural unit represented by the following formula (III), and the halomethylated product of the aromatic polysulfone polymer has a structural unit represented by the following formula (IV): The production method according to the above (1), which is an aromatic polysulfone having

Figure 0004217581
(式中、Rはメチル基もしくはトリフルオロメチル基を表わす。)
Figure 0004217581
(In the formula, R represents a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.)

Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581

(式中、X’はフッ素原子,塩素原子,臭素原子,ヨウ素原子のいずれかを表し,Rはメチル基もしくはトリフルオロメチル基を表わす。また,a’,b’,c’,d’はそれぞれ独立に0から4の整数を表し,同時に0になることはない。) (In the formula, X ′ represents any of a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, R represents a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group, and a ′, b ′, c ′, and d ′ represent Each independently represents an integer from 0 to 4 and never 0 at the same time.)

(5)芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子が下記式(V)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンであり,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体が下記式(VI)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンである上記(1)に記載の製造方法、 (5) The aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic polysulfone having a structural unit represented by the following formula (V), and the halomethylated product of the aromatic polysulfone polymer has a structural unit represented by the following formula (VI): The production method according to the above (1), which is an aromatic polysulfone having

Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581

Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581

(式中、X’’はフッ素原子,塩素原子,臭素原子,ヨウ素原子のいずれかを表す。また,a’’,b’’,c’’,d’’はそれぞれ独立に0から4の整数を表し,同時に0になることはない。)
(6)芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子が下記式(VII)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンであり,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体が下記式(VIII)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンである上記(1)に記載の製造方法、
(In the formula, X ″ represents any one of a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. A ″, b ″, c ″, and d ″ each independently represent 0 to 4) Represents an integer, never 0 at the same time.)
(6) The aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic polysulfone having a structural unit represented by the following formula (VII), and the halomethylated product of the aromatic polysulfone polymer has a structural unit represented by the following formula (VIII): The production method according to the above (1), which is an aromatic polysulfone having

Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581

Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581

(式中、X’’’はフッ素原子,塩素原子,臭素原子,ヨウ素原子のいずれかを表す。また,a’’’,b’’’,c’’’はそれぞれ独立に0から4の整数を表し,同時に0になることはない。) (In the formula, X ′ ″ represents any of a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. A ′ ″, b ′ ″, and c ′ ″ are each independently 0 to 4) Represents an integer, never 0 at the same time.)

(7)ホルムアルデヒドのアセタール化物がホルムアルデヒドジメチルアセタールである上記(1)〜(6)のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法、
(8)ハロゲン化剤がハロゲン化チオニル、ハロゲン化ホスホリル及びハロゲン化リンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種である上記(1)〜(7)のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法、
(9)ハロゲン化剤が塩化チオニルである上記(1)〜(7)のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法、
(10)触媒がルイス酸である上記(1)〜(9)のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法、
(11)反応系において、ハロメチル化剤の発生が0〜30℃、且つハロメチル化反応を50〜80℃で行う事を特徴とする上記(1)〜(10)のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法、
(12)ハロメチル化を、式(IX)におけるYが単結合であるときはニトロベンゼン中で、また、Yが式(Ya)、式(Yb)または(Yc)であるときはテトラクロロエタン中で行う上記(2)または(7)〜(11)のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法、
に関する。
(7) The production method according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the acetalization product of formaldehyde is formaldehyde dimethyl acetal,
(8) The production method according to any one of the above (1) to (7), wherein the halogenating agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of thionyl halide, phosphoryl halide and phosphorus halide,
(9) The production method according to any one of (1) to (7) above, wherein the halogenating agent is thionyl chloride.
(10) The production method according to any one of (1) to (9) above, wherein the catalyst is a Lewis acid.
(11) The reaction system according to any one of (1) to (10) above, wherein the halomethylating agent is generated at 0 to 30 ° C. and the halomethylation reaction is performed at 50 to 80 ° C. Production method,
(12) The halomethylation is carried out in nitrobenzene when Y in formula (IX) is a single bond, and in tetrachloroethane when Y is formula (Ya), formula (Yb) or (Yc). The production method according to any one of (2) or (7) to (11) above,
About.

本発明の方法を用いれば,反応系中でハロメチル化剤を発生させることにより,ハロメチルメチルエーテルを使用しないでも芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体を合成できることが可能である。これは,低コストで,安全に芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体を製造する方法として非常に有用である。  By using the method of the present invention, it is possible to synthesize a halomethylated aromatic polysulfone polymer without using halomethylmethyl ether by generating a halomethylating agent in the reaction system. This is very useful as a method for producing a halomethylated aromatic polysulfone polymer safely at low cost.

本発明において,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化は,ホルムアルデヒドのアセタール化物とハロゲン化剤を併用し,系中でハロメチル化剤を発生させ,これにルイス酸などの触媒を作用させることにより行われる。  In the present invention, halomethylation of an aromatic polysulfone polymer is performed by using acetalized formaldehyde and a halogenating agent in combination, generating a halomethylating agent in the system, and reacting this with a catalyst such as a Lewis acid. Is called.

本発明のハロメチル化法は,全ての芳香族ポリスルホン系樹脂に適用できる。好ましい芳香族ポリスルホン系樹脂としては例えば,前記式(IX)で示される芳香族ポリスルホン系樹脂があげられる。より具体的には前記式(I)で示される芳香族ポリスルホンは,一般名ポリエーテルスルホン,製品名スミカエクセル(住友化学工業)として市販されている。  The halomethylation method of the present invention can be applied to all aromatic polysulfone resins. Examples of preferable aromatic polysulfone resins include aromatic polysulfone resins represented by the formula (IX). More specifically, the aromatic polysulfone represented by the formula (I) is commercially available under the general name polyethersulfone and the product name SUMIKAEXCEL (Sumitomo Chemical Industries).

また、前記式(III)で表される芳香族ポリスルホンの1つである下記式(III’)で示される芳香族ポリスルホンは,一般名ポリスルホン,製品名ユーデル(ソルベイアドバンストポリマーズ)として市販されている。  An aromatic polysulfone represented by the following formula (III ′), which is one of the aromatic polysulfones represented by the formula (III), is commercially available under the general name polysulfone and the product name Udel (Solvay Advanced Polymers). .

Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581

また、前記式(V)で示される芳香族ポリスルホンは,一般名ポリフェニルスルホン,製品名ラーデルR(ソルベイアドバンストポリマーズ)として市販されている。  The aromatic polysulfone represented by the formula (V) is commercially available under the general name polyphenylsulfone and the product name Radel R (Solvay Advanced Polymers).

さらに前記式(VII)で示される芳香族ポリスルホンは一般名ポリエーテルエーテルスルホンとして市販されている。これらの樹脂は市販品として容易に入手可能であり、本発明のハロメチル化法により,容易に対応するハロメチル化体を得ることができる。  Furthermore, the aromatic polysulfone represented by the formula (VII) is commercially available under the general name polyether ether sulfone. These resins are easily available as commercial products, and the corresponding halomethylated product can be easily obtained by the halomethylation method of the present invention.

また,本発明のハロメチル化法は,上記市販品以外の他の任意の芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子に適用でき,それらとしては特公昭62−28169公報や特開平10−21943に記載されているようなジハロフェニルスルホンとビスフェノールのアルカリ金属塩との重縮合によって得られる芳香族系ポリスルホン共重合体等が挙げられる。それらとしては具体的にはジクロロフェニルスルホンと2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパンのカリウム塩との重縮合から得られる下記式(III'')で示される芳香族ポリスルホンが挙げられる。  Further, the halomethylation method of the present invention can be applied to any other aromatic polysulfone polymer other than the above-mentioned commercially available products, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-28169 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-21944. And aromatic polysulfone copolymers obtained by polycondensation of dihalophenylsulfone and alkali metal bisphenol. Specific examples thereof include aromatic polysulfone represented by the following formula (III ″) obtained by polycondensation of dichlorophenylsulfone and potassium salt of 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane. .

Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581

本発明のハロメチル化反応に用いられるホルムアルデヒドのアセタール化物としては,一般式R'OCH2OR''(ここでR',R''は独立に炭素数1〜8のアルキル基を表わす)で表わされる化合物であり、反応性の面から特に一般式R'OCH2OCH3(ここでR'は炭素数1〜8、好ましくは1〜4アルキル基を表わす)で表わされるメトキシアルコキシメタンが好ましい。 The acetalized formaldehyde used in the halomethylation reaction of the present invention is represented by the general formula R′OCH 2 OR ″ (where R ′ and R ″ independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms). From the standpoint of reactivity, methoxyalkoxymethane represented by the general formula R′OCH 2 OCH 3 (where R ′ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 alkyl groups) is particularly preferable.

上記ホルムアルデヒドのアセタール化物の具体的な例としては、ホルムアルデヒドジメチルアセタール,ホルムアルデヒドメチルエチルアセタール,ホルムアルデヒドメチルプロピルアセタール,ホルムアルデヒドメチルブチルアセタール,ホルムアルデヒドメチルペンチルアセタール,ホルムアルデヒドメチルヘキシルアセタール,ホルムアルデヒドメチルヘプチルアセタール,ホルムアルデヒドメチルオクチルアセタール,トリオキサン,1,3−ジオキサンなどが挙げられるが、特にホルムアルデヒドジメチルアセタールが好ましい。  Specific examples of formaldehyde acetals include formaldehyde dimethyl acetal, formaldehyde methyl ethyl acetal, formaldehyde methyl propyl acetal, formaldehyde methyl butyl acetal, formaldehyde methyl pentyl acetal, formaldehyde methyl hexyl acetal, formaldehyde methyl heptyl acetal, formaldehyde methyl octyl Examples include acetal, trioxane, 1,3-dioxane, and formaldehyde dimethyl acetal is particularly preferable.

本発明のハロメチル化反応に用いられるハロゲン化剤としては、塩化チオニルまたは臭化チオニル等のハロゲン化チオニル,塩化ホスホリルまたは臭化ホスホリル等のハロゲン化ホスホリル,三塩化リンまたは五塩化リンなどのハロゲン化リン等を挙げることができ,これらの中でハロゲン化チオニル好ましく、特に塩化チオニルが好ましい。  Examples of the halogenating agent used in the halomethylation reaction of the present invention include halogenated thionyl such as thionyl chloride or thionyl bromide, halogenated phosphoryl such as phosphoryl chloride or phosphoryl bromide, phosphorus trichloride or phosphorus pentachloride. Phosphorus and the like can be mentioned, and among these, thionyl halide is preferable, and thionyl chloride is particularly preferable.

本発明のハロメチル化反応に用いられるホルムアルデヒドのアセタール化物とハロゲン化剤との使用割合は、芳香族ポリスルホン系樹脂にハロゲノメチル基を導入できれば特に制限はないが、ハロゲン化剤に対して(ハロゲン化剤に使用されるハロゲン原子を基準にして)モル割合で、ホルムアルデヒドのアセタール化物を過剰に使用するのが好ましく、塩化チオニル等の一価のハロゲン化剤の時、1:1〜3、好ましくは1:1.01〜1.8である。   The use ratio of the acetalized formaldehyde and the halogenating agent used in the halomethylation reaction of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as a halogenomethyl group can be introduced into the aromatic polysulfone resin. It is preferable to use an excess of formaldehyde acetal in molar ratio (based on the halogen atom used in the agent), and in the case of a monovalent halogenating agent such as thionyl chloride, 1: 1 to 3, preferably 1: 1.01-1.8.

本発明のハロメチル化反応の触媒としては,非常に広範囲のルイス酸を用いることができる。具体的な例としては,塩化スズ等のハロゲン化スズ,塩化亜鉛等のハロゲン化亜鉛,塩化チタンの等のハロゲン化チタン,塩化アルミニウム等のハロゲン化アルミニウム,フッ化ホウ素等のハロゲン化ホウ素,塩化鉄等のハロゲン化鉄が挙げられる。特に,塩化スズが好ましい。  A very wide range of Lewis acids can be used as the catalyst for the halomethylation reaction of the present invention. Specific examples include tin halides such as tin chloride, zinc halides such as zinc chloride, titanium halides such as titanium chloride, aluminum halides such as aluminum chloride, boron halides such as boron fluoride, chloride Examples thereof include iron halides such as iron. In particular, tin chloride is preferred.

本発明のハロメチル化反応は,好ましくは有機溶媒中,均一系で行われる。溶媒としては,クロロホルム,塩化メチレン,ジクロロエタン,トリクロロエタン,テトラクロロエタン,クロロベンゼン,ニトロベンゼン,ジオキサン,テトラヒドロフランなど広範囲の溶媒を用いることができる。特に,テトラクロロエタン,ニトロベンゼンが好ましい。また,溶解性の低い芳香族ポリスルホンに対しても,高分子を有機溶媒中に膨潤させて本発明のハロメチル化法を行うことにより,ハロメチル化体を得ることができる。本発明の反応においては化合物により溶媒を変えるのが好ましく、例えば式(IX)におけるYが単結合(式(I)の化合物)であるときはニトロベンゼン中で、また、Yが式(Ya)のとき(式(VII)の化合物)、式(Yb)であるとき(式(V)の化合物)、または(Yc)(式(III)の化合物)であるときはテトラクロロエタン中で行うのが好ましい。  The halomethylation reaction of the present invention is preferably carried out in a homogeneous system in an organic solvent. As a solvent, a wide range of solvents such as chloroform, methylene chloride, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, dioxane, and tetrahydrofuran can be used. In particular, tetrachloroethane and nitrobenzene are preferable. Further, even for aromatic polysulfone having low solubility, a halomethylated product can be obtained by swelling the polymer in an organic solvent and performing the halomethylation method of the present invention. In the reaction of the present invention, it is preferable to change the solvent depending on the compound. For example, when Y in the formula (IX) is a single bond (compound of the formula (I)) in nitrobenzene, and Y is represented by the formula (Ya) When it is (compound of formula (VII)), when it is formula (Yb) (compound of formula (V)), or (Yc) (compound of formula (III)), it is preferably carried out in tetrachloroethane .

本発明のハロメチル化反応は前記芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子をハロメチル化できれば反応温度等の条件は特に制限はないが、通常、前記アセタールとハロゲン化剤の反応により、ハロメチル化剤を発生させる工程、次いで、該ハロメチル化剤で前記高分子をハロメチル化する工程の2段階の反応からなるので2段階の反応温度で行うのが好ましい。例えば、最初の工程(ハロメチル化剤の発生)は通常50℃以下、好ましくは0〜30℃で行い、第2の工程(樹脂のハロメチル化反応)は30〜100℃、好ましくは50〜80℃で行うことが好ましい。より具体的には、芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子の溶液にホルムアルデヒドのジメチルアセタール化物、ハロゲン化剤、ルイス酸触媒を0〜30℃で加え、十分にクロロメチル化剤が発生するまで撹拌した後に、緩やかに反応温度を上げ、50〜80℃で反応を行うことが望ましい。このとき、試薬濃度、反応温度、反応時間を適宜コントロールすることにより、芳香族ポリスルホン高分子に望みの量のハロメチル基を導入することができる。例えば、ポリマーユニット1単位に1つのハロメチル基を導入する場合、原料ポリマーと反応試剤の物質量比は、ポリマーユニット1単位に対して、ホルムアルデヒドアセタール化物とハロゲン化剤が各々1〜30部であることが望ましく、さらに好ましくは各々1〜5部である。  In the halomethylation reaction of the present invention, the reaction temperature and other conditions are not particularly limited as long as the aromatic polysulfone polymer can be halomethylated, but usually a step of generating a halomethylating agent by the reaction of the acetal and the halogenating agent, Next, since it comprises a two-stage reaction of the step of halomethylating the polymer with the halomethylating agent, it is preferably carried out at a two-stage reaction temperature. For example, the first step (generation of a halomethylating agent) is usually performed at 50 ° C. or lower, preferably 0 to 30 ° C., and the second step (resin halomethylation reaction) is 30 to 100 ° C., preferably 50 to 80 ° C. It is preferable to carry out with. More specifically, after adding formaldehyde dimethylacetalized product, halogenating agent and Lewis acid catalyst to the aromatic polysulfone polymer solution at 0 to 30 ° C. and stirring until sufficient chloromethylating agent is generated, It is desirable to raise the reaction temperature slowly and carry out the reaction at 50 to 80 ° C. At this time, a desired amount of halomethyl groups can be introduced into the aromatic polysulfone polymer by appropriately controlling the reagent concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time. For example, when one halomethyl group is introduced into one unit of the polymer unit, the amount ratio of the raw material polymer to the reaction reagent is 1 to 30 parts of the formaldehyde acetalized product and the halogenating agent with respect to one unit of the polymer unit. Desirably, more preferably 1 to 5 parts each.

本発明の好ましい形態での、クロロメチル化芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子の製造方法の一例は下記の通りである。
すなわち、芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子を適当な有機溶媒に5〜20wt%の濃度で溶解させ、溶液を30℃以下に保ったまま、ジメトキメタン、塩化チオニルを加える。次に塩化スズの溶液を温度上昇に注意しながら滴下し、発熱しなくなったのを確認した後に加温し、ゆっくりと温度を上昇させる。望みの量ハロメチル基が導入するまで反応させた後、メタノール中に反応溶液を添加して高分子を取り出し、乾燥させてクロロメチル化芳香族ポリスルホンを得る。
An example of a method for producing a chloromethylated aromatic polysulfone polymer in a preferred form of the present invention is as follows.
That is, an aromatic polysulfone polymer is dissolved in a suitable organic solvent at a concentration of 5 to 20 wt%, and dimethoxymethane and thionyl chloride are added while keeping the solution at 30 ° C. or lower. Next, the tin chloride solution is dropped while paying attention to the temperature rise, and after confirming that the heat is no longer generated, the solution is heated and slowly raised in temperature. After reacting until the desired amount of halomethyl groups is introduced, the reaction solution is added to methanol and the polymer is taken out and dried to obtain chloromethylated aromatic polysulfone.

得られたハロメチル化芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子の分析は、NMR分光分析法によって行うことができる。例えば、クロロメチル化ポリエーテルスルホンでは、塩素原子とともに同一の炭素に結合している2つのベンジルプロトン(Ar−CH2−Cl)のケミカルシフトは4.8ppm付近に認められ、さらに芳香族環上のプロトンとの積分比からクロロメチル基の導入率(構造単位当たりのクロロメチル基の導入された割合)を求められる。 The obtained halomethylated aromatic polysulfone-based polymer can be analyzed by NMR spectroscopy. For example, in chloromethylated polyethersulfone, the chemical shift of two benzyl protons (Ar—CH 2 —Cl) bonded to the same carbon together with a chlorine atom is observed around 4.8 ppm, and further on the aromatic ring The rate of introduction of chloromethyl groups (the ratio of introduced chloromethyl groups per structural unit) can be determined from the integral ratio of the protons to the protons.

本発明方法によって得られるハロメチル化体におけるクロロメチル基の導入率は原料の芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子の種類、ハロメチル化反応における条件等により異なるので一概には言えないが、通常1%程度から最高は構造単位に含まれるベンゼン環数×100%まで可能であるが、通常10%以上、好ましくは20%以上であり、芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子の種類の種類によっては50%以上が好ましく、より好ましくは100%以上である。上限は上記したように(構造単位に含まれるベンゼン環数)×100%まで可能であるが、実用的には(構造単位に含まれるベンゼン環数)×70%程度まで、より好ましくは(構造単位に含まれるベンゼン環数)×60%程度まであり、芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子の種類の種類によっては(構造単位に含まれるベンゼン環数)×50%程度までであり、更に場合によっては(構造単位に含まれるベンゼン環数)×40%程度までである。
例えば、式(I)の芳香族ポリスルホンの場合のハロメチル基の導入率は10%〜60%程度、好ましくは15〜50%程度であり、式(III)の芳香族ポリスルホンの場合のハロメチル基の導入率は10%〜350%程度、好ましくは50〜300%程度であり、より好ましくは100〜250%程度あり、式(V)の芳香族ポリスルホンの場合のハロメチル基の導入率は10%〜200%程度、好ましくは20〜150%程度であり、より好ましくは30〜100%程度ある。
なお、前記式(II)のa,b、(IV)のa’,b’,c’、(VI)のa’’,b’’,c’’及び(VIII)のa’’’,b’’’,c’’’において、それぞれは0〜4の整数で、少なくともいずれか1つは0でないとなっているが、これはあくまでハロメチル基の導入された単位構造を示したものであり、ハロメチル化体がすべてこの構造単位からなることを示すものではない。
こうして得られるハロメチル化芳香族ポリスルホンは、例えば、側鎖のハロメチル基をチオアシル基で置換し、さらにスルホン酸へと誘導することによってイオン交換樹脂として用いることができ、耐熱性イオン交換材料として有用である。
The introduction rate of the chloromethyl group in the halomethylated product obtained by the method of the present invention varies depending on the kind of the aromatic polysulfone polymer used as a raw material, the conditions in the halomethylation reaction, etc. Can be up to 100% of the number of benzene rings contained in the structural unit, but is usually 10% or more, preferably 20% or more, and more preferably 50% or more depending on the kind of the aromatic polysulfone polymer. Preferably it is 100% or more. As described above, the upper limit can be up to (the number of benzene rings contained in the structural unit) × 100%, but practically (the number of benzene rings contained in the structural unit) × about 70%, more preferably (structure The number of benzene rings contained in the unit) is up to about 60%, and depending on the type of aromatic polysulfone polymer, the number of benzene rings contained in the structural unit is up to about 50%, and in some cases ( The number of benzene rings contained in the structural unit) is up to about 40%.
For example, the introduction ratio of the halomethyl group in the case of the aromatic polysulfone of the formula (I) is about 10% to 60%, preferably about 15 to 50%, and the halomethyl group in the case of the aromatic polysulfone of the formula (III) The introduction rate is about 10% to 350%, preferably about 50 to 300%, more preferably about 100 to 250%. The introduction rate of the halomethyl group in the case of the aromatic polysulfone of the formula (V) is 10% to 350%. About 200%, preferably about 20-150%, more preferably about 30-100%.
In the formula (II), a ′, b ′, c ′ in (IV), a ″, b ″, c ″ in (VI) and a ′ ″ in (VIII), In b ′ ″ and c ′ ″, each is an integer of 0 to 4, and at least one of them is not 0, but this indicates a unit structure into which a halomethyl group has been introduced. Yes, it does not indicate that all halomethylated products are composed of this structural unit.
The halomethylated aromatic polysulfone thus obtained can be used as an ion exchange resin by, for example, substituting the halomethyl group in the side chain with a thioacyl group and then derivatizing it into a sulfonic acid, which is useful as a heat-resistant ion exchange material. is there.

以下、実施例により本発明を詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not limited to this.

(クロロメチル化ポリエーテルスルホンの合成)
温度計、滴下ロートおよび攪拌機を備えた500mlフラスコに、ニトロベンゼン300mlとポリエーテルスルホン(商品名;スミカエクセルPES7600p、前記式(I))30gを仕込み、この溶液に室温でホルムアルデヒドジメチルアセタール10gと塩化チオニル15gを加えた。さらに無水塩化スズ10gを加え、60℃で16時間反応させた。こうして反応させたポリマーをメタノールで析出させ、これをろ過回収した。メタノールで繰り返し粉砕洗浄した後、80℃で乾燥してクロロメチル化ポリエーテルスルホンを35g得た。得られたポリマーのプロトンNMRより、4.8〜4.9ppm付近にクロロメチル基のベンジルプロトンのピークが認められ、これの積分比から求めたクロロメチル基導入率は繰り返し単位あたり33%であった。
(Synthesis of chloromethylated polyethersulfone)
A 500 ml flask equipped with a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer was charged with 300 ml of nitrobenzene and 30 g of polyethersulfone (trade name; Sumika Excel PES7600p, formula (I)), and 10 g of formaldehyde dimethyl acetal and thionyl chloride were added to this solution at room temperature. 15 g was added. Further, 10 g of anhydrous tin chloride was added and reacted at 60 ° C. for 16 hours. The polymer thus reacted was precipitated with methanol and recovered by filtration. After repeatedly pulverizing and washing with methanol, drying at 80 ° C. yielded 35 g of chloromethylated polyethersulfone. From the proton NMR of the obtained polymer, a peak of benzyl proton of chloromethyl group was observed in the vicinity of 4.8 to 4.9 ppm, and the chloromethyl group introduction rate determined from the integration ratio was 33% per repeating unit. It was.

(クロロメチル化ポリスルホンの合成)
温度計、滴下ロートおよび攪拌機を備えた200mlフラスコに、テトラクロロエタン75mlとポリスルホン(商品名;ユーデル、前記式(III’))10gを仕込み、この溶液に室温でホルムアルデヒドジメチルアセタール21gと塩化チオニル29gを加えた。さらに無水塩化スズ1mlを加え、60℃で2時間反応させた。こうして反応させたポリマーをメタノールで析出し、これをろ過回収した。メタノールで繰り返し洗浄した後、80℃で乾燥してクロロメチル化ポリスルホンを11g得た。得られたポリマーのプロトンNMRより、4.5〜4.6ppm付近にクロロメチル基のベンジルプロトンのピークが認められ、これの積分比から求めたクロロメチル基導入率は繰り返し単位あたり185%であった。
(Synthesis of chloromethylated polysulfone)
A 200 ml flask equipped with a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer was charged with 75 ml of tetrachloroethane and 10 g of polysulfone (trade name; Udel, the above formula (III ′)), and 21 g of formaldehyde dimethyl acetal and 29 g of thionyl chloride were added to this solution at room temperature. added. Further, 1 ml of anhydrous tin chloride was added and reacted at 60 ° C. for 2 hours. The polymer thus reacted was precipitated with methanol and recovered by filtration. After repeatedly washing with methanol, it was dried at 80 ° C. to obtain 11 g of chloromethylated polysulfone. From the proton NMR of the polymer obtained, a peak of benzyl proton of chloromethyl group was observed in the vicinity of 4.5 to 4.6 ppm, and the introduction rate of chloromethyl group determined from the integration ratio was 185% per repeating unit. It was.

(クロロメチル化ポリフェニルスルホンの合成)
温度計、滴下ロートおよび攪拌機を備えた500mlフラスコに、テトラクロロエタン280mlとポリフェニルスルホン(商品名;ラーデルR、前記式(V))30gを仕込み、この溶液に室温でホルムアルデヒドジメチルアセタール40gと塩化チオニル40gを加えた。さらに無水塩化スズ2mlを加え、60℃で2.5時間反応させた。こうして反応させたポリマーをメタノールで析出し、これをろ過回収した。メタノールで繰り返し洗浄した後、80℃で乾燥してクロロメチル化ポリフェニルスルホンを34g得た。得られたポリマーのプロトンNMRより、4.6〜4.7ppm付近にクロロメチル基のベンジルプロトンのピークが認められ、これの積分比から求めたクロロメチル基導入率は繰り返し単位あたり62%であった。
(Synthesis of chloromethylated polyphenylsulfone)
A 500 ml flask equipped with a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a stirrer was charged with 280 ml of tetrachloroethane and 30 g of polyphenylsulfone (trade name; Radel R, the above formula (V)), and 40 g of formaldehyde dimethyl acetal and thionyl chloride were added to this solution at room temperature. 40 g was added. Further, 2 ml of anhydrous tin chloride was added and reacted at 60 ° C. for 2.5 hours. The polymer thus reacted was precipitated with methanol and recovered by filtration. After repeatedly washing with methanol, it was dried at 80 ° C. to obtain 34 g of chloromethylated polyphenylsulfone. From the proton NMR of the obtained polymer, a peak of benzyl proton of chloromethyl group was observed in the vicinity of 4.6 to 4.7 ppm, and the introduction rate of chloromethyl group determined from the integral ratio was 62% per repeating unit. It was.

Claims (11)

触媒の存在下ホルムアルデヒドのアセタール化物と、ハロゲン化チオニル、ハロゲン化ホスホリル及びハロゲン化リンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種のハロゲン化剤を併用してハロメチル化を行うことを特徴とする芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体の製造法。 Aromatic polysulfone system characterized by performing halomethylation in combination with at least one halogenating agent selected from the group consisting of thionyl halide, phosphoryl halide and phosphorus halide in the presence of a catalyst and formaldehyde acetal A method for producing a polymer halomethylated product. 芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子が下記式(IX)
Figure 0004217581
(式中、Yは単結合、または下記式
Figure 0004217581
で表わされる基、Rはメチル基もしくはトリフルオロメチル基を表わす。)
で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンである請求項1に記載の製造方法。
The aromatic polysulfone polymer is represented by the following formula (IX)
Figure 0004217581
(Where Y is a single bond, or
Figure 0004217581
And R represents a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group. )
The production method according to claim 1, which is an aromatic polysulfone having a structural unit represented by:
芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子が下記式(I)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンであり,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体が下記式(II)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンである請求項1に記載の製造方法。
Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581
(式中、Xはフッ素原子,塩素原子,臭素原子,ヨウ素原子のいずれかを表す。また,a,bはそれぞれ独立に0から4の整数を表し,同時に0になることはない。)
The aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic polysulfone having a structural unit represented by the following formula (I), and the halomethylated product of the aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic having a structural unit represented by the following formula (II) The production method according to claim 1, which is polysulfone.
Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581
(In the formula, X represents any one of a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. A and b each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4, and are not 0 at the same time.)
芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子が下記式(III)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンであり,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体が下記式(IV)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンである請求項1に記載の製造方法。
Figure 0004217581
(式中、Rはメチル基もしくはトリフルオロメチル基を表わす。)
Figure 0004217581
(式中、X’はフッ素原子,塩素原子,臭素原子,ヨウ素原子のいずれかを表し,Rはメチル基もしくはトリフルオロメチル基を表わす。また,a’,b’,c’,d’はそれぞれ独立に0から4の整数を表し,同時に0になることはない。)
The aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic polysulfone having a structural unit represented by the following formula (III), and the halomethylated product of the aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic having a structural unit represented by the following formula (IV) The production method according to claim 1, which is polysulfone.
Figure 0004217581
(In the formula, R represents a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.)
Figure 0004217581
(In the formula, X ′ represents any of a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, R represents a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group, and a ′, b ′, c ′, and d ′ represent Each independently represents an integer from 0 to 4 and never 0 at the same time.)
芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子が下記式(V)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンであり,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体が下記式(VI)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンである請求項1に記載の製造方法。
Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581
(式中、X’’はフッ素原子,塩素原子,臭素原子,ヨウ素原子のいずれかを表す。また,a’’,b’’,c’’,d’’はそれぞれ独立に0から4の整数を表し,同時に0になることはない。)
The aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic polysulfone having a structural unit represented by the following formula (V), and the halomethylated product of the aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic having a structural unit represented by the following formula (VI) The production method according to claim 1, which is polysulfone.
Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581
(In the formula, X ″ represents any one of a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. A ″, b ″, c ″, and d ″ each independently represent 0 to 4) Represents an integer, never 0 at the same time.)
芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子が下記式(VII)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンであり,芳香族ポリスルホン系高分子のハロメチル化体が下記式(VIII)で表わされる構造単位を有する芳香族ポリスルホンである請求項1に記載の製造方法。
Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581
(式中、X’’’はフッ素原子,塩素原子,臭素原子,ヨウ素原子のいずれかを表す。また,a’’’,b’’’,c’’’はそれぞれ独立に0から4の整数を表し,同時に0になることはない。)
The aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic polysulfone having a structural unit represented by the following formula (VII), and the halomethylated product of the aromatic polysulfone polymer is an aromatic having a structural unit represented by the following formula (VIII) The production method according to claim 1, which is polysulfone.
Figure 0004217581
Figure 0004217581
(In the formula, X ′ ″ represents any of a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. A ′ ″, b ′ ″, and c ′ ″ are each independently 0 to 4) Represents an integer, never 0 at the same time.)
ホルムアルデヒドのアセタール化物がホルムアルデヒドジメチルアセタールである請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the acetalized product of formaldehyde is formaldehyde dimethyl acetal. ハロゲン化剤が塩化チオニルである請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the halogenating agent is thionyl chloride. 触媒がルイス酸である請求項1〜のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the catalyst is a Lewis acid. 反応系において、ハロメチル化剤の発生が0〜30℃且つハロメチル化反応を50〜80℃で行う事を特徴とする請求項1〜のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein in the reaction system, the halomethylating agent is generated at 0 to 30 ° C and the halomethylation reaction is performed at 50 to 80 ° C. ハロメチル化を、式(IX)におけるYが単結合であるときはニトロベンゼン中で、また、Yが式(Ya)、式(Yb)または(Yc)であるときはテトラクロロエタン中で行う請求項2または7〜10のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 3. The halomethylation is carried out in nitrobenzene when Y in formula (IX) is a single bond and in tetrachloroethane when Y is formula (Ya), formula (Yb) or (Yc). the method according to or any one of 7-10.
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