JP4213282B2 - Bolt or nut detent structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bolt or nut detent structure that can prevent a bolt or nut from loosening after a fixed object is fastened and fixed to the fixed object with a bolt and nut.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a bolt or nut rotation prevention structure, for example, a locking plate described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-170958 and a bolt or nut rotation prevention washer described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-32825 are known. Yes.
[0003]
The former locking plate is provided with an opening that fits into the head of the bolt on the substrate, a plurality of tongues are provided on the inner peripheral edge of the opening, and the distance between the tips of the opposing tongues is set to the pair of bolt heads. The tongue is bent so as to be smaller than the angular distance, and the board is provided with an engaging portion that engages with the side surface of the object to be tightened to prevent loosening of the bolt or nut.
[0004]
The latter bolt or nut detent washer is formed of a relatively elastic material such as a metal such as a thin plate or a synthetic resin plate, and forms a bolt insertion hole through which the bolt can be inserted. Locking pieces to be engaged with the groove formed in the tightening object are formed at both ends of the base, and a notch is provided at the periphery of the bolt insertion hole to form the contact piece and the retaining piece. This abutting piece is brought into contact with the side surface of the bolt head by an elastic restoring force to prevent the bolt from loosening, and the retaining piece is arranged in a space formed below the head of the bolt to remove the washer. Is preventing.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the former locking plate described above, when the bolt or nut is rotated, the locking plate must be removed. Therefore, the locking plate may be lost or after the construction is completed. There was a problem that the bolt or nut loosened afterwards.
[0006]
Also, in the latter bolt or nut detent washer, the abutment piece is brought into contact with the side surface of the head of the bolt using elastic restoring force, so that the bolt is rotated in that state. In this case, the abutting piece can be rotated while being deformed, but the washer is deformed every time the work is performed and there is a problem that the washer must be replaced with a new one.
[0007]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a bolt or nut detent structure that allows a bolt or nut to be rotated without being removed and that does not need to be replaced after the rotation.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the bolt or nut detent structure of the present invention prevents the object to be fastened to the fixed object by the bolt and the nut and the bolt or the nut screwed to the bolt from loosening. a detent structure of the detent mechanism and the bolt or nut consisting of the detent mechanism, the bolt head of which is interposed between the opposing surfaces of the object to be fixed opposite thereto and a head or nut of the bolt A spacer having a diameter smaller than that of the portion or the nut , an engagement hole that can be engaged with the outer portion of the head or the nut, and a non-rotating plate disposed so as not to rotate horizontally on the fixed object, and a non-rotating plate wherein together is interposed between the counter surface and a deployable elastic body such that the spacer is inscribed, always engages the outer portion of the engagement hole is the head or nut, detent and When pressing the plate on the side facing, configured detent plate is lowered against the elastic force of the elastic body, the engagement of the outer portion of the engagement hole and the head or nut is released It is characterized by that.
[0009]
With such a configuration, since the engagement hole of the rotation stopper plate is normally engaged with the head portion of the bolt or the outer portion of the nut, the bolt or nut can be prevented from loosening. Also, when loosening a bolt or nut, if the anti-rotation plate is pressed against the opposing surface with a tool, the anti-rotation plate will descend against the elastic force of the elastic body and the engagement with the bolt or nut will be released. Or you can loosen the nut. Furthermore, after the bolt or nut is rotated, if the bolt head or nut and the engagement hole of the rotation stop plate are aligned when the tool is removed, the rotation stop plate will be elastically restored. It can be lifted by force and the engagement hole of the rotation stop plate can be engaged with the head of the bolt or the outside of the nut, thereby preventing the bolt or nut from loosening.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the bolt or nut detent structure of the present invention, a washer is disposed below the spacer and the elastic body, and the washer is sandwiched between the lower surface of the spacer and the opposite surface of the object to be fixed. By integrally joining the plates, it is possible to prevent the rotation stop plate from being detached from the bolt or nut due to vibration or impact after mounting.
Further, the fixed object is formed with a concave groove from a bottom surface portion as an opposing surface facing the head of the bolt or the nut and a side surface portion surrounding three sides excluding the central direction, and the rotation stopper plate has an outer periphery thereof. Is formed in a square shape in plan view that engages with the side surface portion of the concave groove, and the rotation stopper plate is disposed on the fixed object so as not to be horizontally rotatable, thereby reliably preventing loosening of the bolt or nut. it can.
[0011]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0012]
In this embodiment, the side lump 1 as a fixed object constituting the manhole and the receiving frame 2 as the fixed object installed above the same are fixed with a bolt 3, and the loosening of the bolt 3 is prevented from rotating. To prevent.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, the side lump 1 is provided with fixed protrusions 1a at three equally spaced positions on the inner peripheral surface, and the fixed protrusion 1a is embedded with insert nuts 1b penetrating vertically. ing.
[0014]
The receiving frame 2 installed on the side lump 1 is configured to fit and support a lid main body (not shown) at the upper part of the inner peripheral surface thereof so as to be openable and closable. Three protrusions 2a that are aligned with the fixed protrusions 1a of the side lump 1 when installed above the lump 1 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. On the upper surface of the projecting portion 2a, a concave groove 4 is formed which includes a bottom surface portion 6 as an opposing surface facing the head portion 3a of the bolt 3 and a side surface portion 5 surrounding three sides excluding the central direction. A through hole 6a having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt 3 is formed in the center of the shaft on the axis of the insert nut 1b.
[0015]
The receiving frame 2 is installed on the side lump 1 with a bulk adjusting ring 7 interposed therebetween, and a detent plate 8 as an anti-rotation mechanism, which will be described later, and an elastic body 10 are formed on the bottom surface 6 of the projecting portion 2a. In the state where the washer 11 and the spacer 12 are arranged, the bolt 3 is inserted into the through-hole 6a from above, and the tip thereof is screwed into the insert nut 1b of the side lump 1 to be fixed to the side lump 1.
[0016]
Hereinafter, the detent mechanism will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the rotation stop plate 8 is a rectangular flat plate whose outer periphery engages with the side surface portion 5 of the concave groove 4, and has a hexagonal head of the bolt 3 at its center. Engagement holes 9 are formed in which 12 engagement portions 9a that engage with the outside of the portion 3a are provided at 30 ° intervals.
[0017]
A rectangular elastic body 10 made of chloroprene rubber is disposed below the rotation stop plate 8 and the rotation stop plate 8 can be lowered in the axial direction of the bolt 3 by pressing the rotation stop plate 8. Yes. In this embodiment, chloroprene rubber is used as the elastic body 10, but a sponge, a disc spring, a coil spring, or the like can also be used.
[0018]
Further, a washer 11 having a rectangular shape in plan view is disposed below the elastic body 10, and the washer 11, the elastic body 10, and the rotation stopper plate 8 are bonded and integrated with each other.
[0019]
On the inner peripheral side upper surface of the washer 11, a cylindrical spacer 12 in which the bolt 3 can be inserted and whose diameter is smaller than that of the head 3a of the bolt 3 is disposed so as to be inscribed in the elastic body 10, and the detent plate 8 Is held at a certain distance between the lower surface of the head 3 a of the bolt 3 and the upper surface of the washer 11 so that the rotation stop plate 8 is positioned below the head 3 a of the bolt 3.
[0020]
In the above configuration, the receiving frame 2 is installed on the side block 1 as follows.
First, the receiving frame 2 is installed on the upper surface of the collar adjusting ring 7 installed on the upper surface of the side lump 1, and the washer 11 and the elastic body 10 that are integrated with the bottom surface portion 6 of the concave groove 4 formed in the protruding portion 2 a of the receiving frame 2. Further, the rotation stopper plate 8 is disposed, and the spacer 12 is disposed so as to communicate with the through hole 6 a of the bottom surface portion 6. Then, the bolt 3 is inserted into the engagement hole 9 of the rotation stop plate 8, and the tip of the bolt 3 is screwed into the insert nut 1 b embedded in the fixed protrusion 1 a of the side lump 1. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the box spanner 13 is put on the head 3a of the bolt 3 and the anti-rotation plate 8 is pressed from above against the elastic force of the elastic body 10, the anti-rotation plate 8 Moves downward from the head 3a of the bolt 3, and the engagement between the engaging portion 9a of the engaging hole 9 and the outer portion of the head 3a of the bolt 3 is released, so that the bolt 3 can be tightened in this state. That's fine.
[0021]
When the box spanner 13 is removed after the bolt 3 has been tightened, the detent plate 8 is raised by the elastic restoring force of the elastic body 10, and the engaging portion 9a of the engaging hole 9 is moved as shown in FIG. The bolt 3 is engaged with the outer portion of the head 3a, and the bolt 3 can be prevented from loosening. At this time, since the engaging portions 9a of the engaging holes 9 are formed at 12 positions at intervals of 30 °, there is a position where the engaging portions 9a do not engage with the outer side of the hexagonal head portion 3a of the bolt 3. If the bolt 3 is slightly rotated or the rotation stopper plate 8 can be rattled horizontally in the concave groove 4, the engaging portion 9a of the engaging hole 9 is moved outside the head 3a of the bolt 3. Can be engaged.
[0022]
Thus, in the bolt or nut detent structure of this embodiment, the outer periphery of the detent plate 8 is engaged with the side surface portion 5 of the concave groove 4 to prevent horizontal rotation, and the engagement hole 9 The engagement portion 9a engages with the outer portion of the head portion 3a of the bolt 3 to prevent the bolt 3 from loosening. When the bolt 3 is rotated again, if the rotation stop plate 8 is pressed by the box spanner 13, the engagement between the engaging portion 9a and the outer portion of the head 3a of the bolt 3 is released as described above. Therefore, the bolt 3 can be rotated without removing the rotation stopper plate 8. Moreover, even after the bolt 3 is rotated, as described above, the detent plate 8 is lifted by the elastic restoring force of the elastic body 10 only by releasing the pressing of the detent plate 8, and the head 3a of the bolt 3 is The bolt 3 can be prevented from loosening by engaging with the outer portion.
[0023]
Next, FIG. 5 to FIG. 8 are longitudinal sectional views showing second to fifth embodiments of the bolt or nut detent structure according to the present invention. In the second to fifth embodiments, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
[0024]
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a spacer 12 is integrally formed on the lower surface of the head 3a of the bolt 3, thereby reducing the number of parts and facilitating the mounting. The inner peripheral upper surface of the washer 11 is pressed.
[0025]
In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the spacer 12 is integrally formed on the bottom surface portion 6 of the recessed groove 4 of the receiving frame 2, thereby reducing the number of parts and facilitating mounting. Without using a washer, the lower surface of the elastic body 10 is directly bonded to the bottom surface portion 6 of the concave groove 4 so that the anti-rotation plate 8 is not detached from the head 3 a of the bolt 3 after mounting.
[0026]
Next, in the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the receiving frame 2 is fixed onto the side block 1 by screwing a nut 15 from above onto the anchor bolt 3 planted in the fixed protrusion 1 a. It is an example. In the fourth embodiment, the tip of the anchor bolt 3 is inserted into a through hole 6a formed in the bottom surface portion 6 of the concave groove 4 of the receiving frame 2, and the washer 11 and the elastic body 10 integrated with the tip of the bolt 3 are inserted. In addition, the rotation stop plate 8 is mounted, and the spacer 12 is inscribed in the elastic body 10 and then the nut 15 is screwed. The engagement portion 9a of the engagement hole 9 is formed on the outer portion of the nut 15. The nut 15 is engaged to prevent the nut 15 from loosening.
[0027]
Further, in the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, a protruding portion 2a is formed at the lower part of the inner peripheral surface of the receiving frame 2, and a flat surface is formed without forming a concave groove on the upper surface. Therefore, the anti-rotation plate 8 is made incapable of horizontal rotation by bending one side thereof to form a claw portion 8 a and engaging the claw portion 8 a with the side surface of the protruding portion 2 a of the receiving frame 2.
[0028]
As mentioned above, although each Example was described about the rotation prevention structure of the volt | bolt or nut of this invention, this invention is not limited to these each Example.
[0029]
For example, in the embodiment, when the receiving frame 2 as the fixed object is installed above the side block 1 as the fixed object, the bolt 3 or the nut 15 is prevented from loosening on the receiving frame 2 side. The object may be the receiving frame 2 and the fixed object may be the side block 1. In this case, the bolt 3 or the nut 15 is prevented from loosening on the side lump 1 side in the same manner as the bolt 3 or the nut 15 is prevented from loosening in the embodiment described above.
[0030]
Further, in the embodiment, the washer 11, the elastic body 10 and the rotation stop plate 8 of the rotation stop mechanism are bonded and integrated with an adhesive, respectively, but are not limited to a unit. In addition, although you may mount | wear without integrating each, in order to prevent that the rotation stop plate 8 remove | deviates by vibration, an impact, etc. of a vehicle after installation, the washer 11, the elastic body 10, and the rotation stop plate 8 are attached. As an integral unit, it is preferable to press the inner peripheral side upper surface of the washer 11 with the spacer 12.
[0031]
In the embodiment, twelve engagement portions 9a are formed in the engagement holes 9 of the rotation stopper plate 8 at intervals of 30 °. However, if the number of the engagement portions 9a is further increased, the engagement portions It is preferable because 9a can be easily engaged with the head 3a of the bolt 3 or the outer portion of the nut 15.
[0032]
Further, in the embodiment, the fixed protrusion 1a formed on the side lump 1 and the protrusion 2a formed on the receiving frame 2 are formed on the inner peripheral surface side, and bolts inserted through these fixed protrusion 1a and protrusion 2a. Although the case where 3 is prevented from loosening has been described, an anchor bolt which is erected with the lower end buried in the upper surface of the side block 1 is inserted into the anchor hole of the flange formed on the outer periphery of the receiving frame 2, and the anchor bolt is inserted into the anchor bolt. You may apply when preventing the screwed nut from loosening.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
Since the bolt or nut detent structure of the present invention is configured as described above, the engagement hole of the detent plate normally engages the head of the bolt or the outer portion of the nut to prevent loosening of the bolt or nut. can do. Also, when loosening a bolt or nut, the elastic body is compressed by pressing the rotation stop plate toward the opposite surface with a tool, and the engagement hole of the rotation stop plate and the head of the bolt or the outer portion of the nut Since the engagement is released, the bolt or nut can be loosened without removing the rotation stopper plate. Moreover, since the bolt or nut can be rotated without deforming the rotation stopper plate, the rotation stopper plate can be used continuously without being replaced.
[0034]
In addition, after rotating the bolt or nut, if the bolt head or the outer part of the nut and the engagement hole of the rotation stop plate are aligned when removing the tool, the rotation stop plate will be elastically restored by the elastic body. The engagement hole of the detent plate engages with the outer circumference of the head of the bolt or the outer side of the nut, so that you can not forget to install the detent plate and ensure that the bolt or nut is loosened. This can prevent the loss of the rotation stopper plate.
[0035]
Also, a washer is placed below the spacer and the elastic body, the washer is sandwiched between the lower surface of the spacer and the opposite surface of the object to be fixed, and the washer, the elastic body, and the rotation stopper plate are joined together to be integrated. Thus, it is possible to prevent the rotation stopper plate from being detached from the bolt or nut due to vibration or impact after the mounting.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a bolt or nut detent structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. 1 viewed from the left.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing FIG. 2 together with the entire receiving frame.
FIG. 4A is a front view of a state in which a rotation stop plate is lowered by a tool and a bolt can be rotated. (B) The figure is a front view of a state in which the tightening of the bolt is completed and the engaging portion of the detent plate is engaged with the outer portion of the bolt head.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 side lump (fixed)
1a Fixed protrusion 1b Insert nut 2 Receiving frame (fixed object)
2a Protruding part 3 Bolt 3a Head part 4 Groove 5 Side part 6 Bottom part (opposing surface)
6a Through-hole 7 Hail adjustment ring 8 Non-rotating plate 8a Claw 9 Engagement hole 9a Engagement part 10 Elastic body 11 Washer 12 Spacer 13 Box spanner 14 Bolt insertion hole 15 Nut GL Ground level

Claims (3)

A bolt or nut detent structure comprising an object to be fastened to a fixed object by a bolt and a nut, and a detent mechanism for preventing the bolt or a nut screwed to the bolt from loosening,
The detent mechanism is
A spacer smaller in diameter than the head or nut of the bolt interposed between the head or nut of the bolt and the facing surface of the fixed object opposite to the head or nut ;
An anti-rotation plate that is provided with an engagement hole that can be engaged with an outer portion of the head or the nut, and that is disposed on the fixed object so as not to rotate horizontally.
An elastic body that can be disposed so that the spacer is inscribed while being interposed between the rotation stopper plate and the facing surface;
When the engagement hole is normally engaged with the head or the outer side of the nut and the rotation stop plate is pressed against the opposite surface side, the rotation stop plate descends against the elastic force of the elastic body, and the engagement A bolt or nut detent structure characterized in that the engagement between the joint hole and the outer portion of the head or nut is released.   A washer is disposed below the spacer and the elastic body, the washer is sandwiched between the lower surface of the spacer and the opposite surface of the object to be fixed, and the washer, the elastic body, and the rotation stopper plate are joined together to be integrated. The bolt or nut detent structure according to 1. In the fixed object, a concave groove is formed from a bottom surface portion as a facing surface facing a bolt head or a nut and a side surface portion surrounding three sides excluding the central direction, and the outer periphery of the detent plate is the The bolt or nut detent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the detent plate is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view that engages with a side surface portion of the concave groove, and the detent plate is disposed on the fixed object so as not to rotate horizontally. Construction.

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