JP4203093B2 - Tilt-type gravity casting apparatus and method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improved tilt gravity gravity casting apparatus and method.

There is known a tilting gravity casting apparatus of a type in which a mold is provided with a hopper device, and molten metal is stored in the hopper device, and when the mold is tilted, the molten metal is poured into a cavity of the mold through a gate. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent No. 2746814 (FIG. 7)

Patent document 1 is demonstrated based on the following figure.
FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a basic configuration of a conventional technique.
In (a), a casting mold 100 is composed of a lower mold 101, horizontal molds 102, 102 and an upper mold 103. A gate 106 that opens upward and communicates with the cavity 105 is formed in part between the horizontal mold 102 and the upper mold 103. A hopper 108 for storing molten metal 107 is attached to the gate 106.

  In (b), the casting mold 100 is inclined approximately 90 ° so that the hopper 108 faces upward, and the molten metal 107 stored in the hopper 108 is poured into the cavity 22 to obtain a cast product.

  However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, since the amount of the hot water 109 is not sufficient, there is a possibility that the structure of the cast product 110 cannot be made dense. Therefore, an improved technique as shown in the following figure can be considered.

  FIG. 16 is an improvement of FIG. 15, in which a lid portion 111 that closes the opening of the hopper 108 is provided, and a gas supply port 112 that supplies high-pressure gas to a part of the hopper 108 is provided. Then, a high pressure gas is supplied from the gas supply port 112 into the hopper 108 so that the inside of the hopper 108 has a high pressure. By setting the inside of the hopper 108 to a high pressure, the amount of the hot water 109 required can be reduced, and a cast product with a dense structure can be obtained.

  By the way, since the gate 107 is provided between the horizontal mold 102 and the upper mold 103, the hopper 108 is attached to the horizontal mold 102, and the lid 111 is disposed in the vicinity of the upper mold 103.

Since the horizontal mold 102 and the upper mold 103 are different in size and shape, there is a difference in temperature rise after pouring. When the upper mold 103 expands in advance, the side surface 103a of the upper mold 103 approaches the lid 111 as indicated by an imaginary line.
In this case, if a clearance s is provided between the lid 111 and the upper mold 103, the side surface 103a can be prevented from hitting the lid 111. Conversely, when the clearance s is too small or zero, the lid 111 is destroyed.

  Thus, it is indispensable to take measures against thermal expansion by providing the clearance s.

However, immediately after pouring, the upper mold 103 is located at the position indicated by the solid line, so that the high pressure gas leaks from the clearance s, resulting in an increase in consumption of the high pressure gas. Moreover, the malfunction that the molten metal blows out by being conveyed by the high-pressure gas which leaks also generate | occur | produces.
The leakage of high-pressure gas not only increases the gas cost, but also deteriorates the working environment, so a gas leakage countermeasure is desired.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for preventing leakage of high-pressure gas from between a hopper for accumulating molten metal and a mold connected to the hopper due to a temperature change of the mold.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a tilt type gravity casting in which a mold is provided with a hopper device, a molten metal is stored in the hopper device, and when the mold is tilted, the molten metal is poured into a mold cavity through a gate. In the apparatus, the hopper device includes a container part that is fixed to one of a fixed mold and a movable mold constituting the mold and whose opening surface substantially coincides with the dividing surface of the mold, and a lid that closes the opening of the container part A member and gas supply means connected to the lid member or the container portion for supplying high-pressure gas. The lid member is a first inclined surface whose side facing the mold is inclined with respect to the opening surface. The first inclined surface is disposed opposite to and parallel to the second inclined surface provided at the tip of the piece extended from the other of the fixed mold and the movable mold so that airtightness is maintained via the seal member. It is configured.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the step of preparing the tilt type gravity casting apparatus according to the first aspect, the step of accumulating the molten metal in the container part, and the molten metal by inclining the mold together with the container part sealed with a lid member. A pouring process for pouring into the mold cavity and a gas pressurizing process for pressurizing the molten metal in the cavity by sending high-pressure gas by the gas supply means during or after the pouring process. And

  The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the pouring step, the gas supply means starts the supply of the high-pressure gas when the gate is closed with the molten metal.

  In the invention according to claim 1, the lid member is a first inclined surface whose side facing the mold is inclined with respect to the opening surface, and the first inclined surface extends from the other of the fixed mold and the movable mold. It is arranged so as to be opposed to and parallel to the second inclined surface provided at the tip of the extended piece, and is configured to be kept airtight via a seal member.

  The container part is fixed to one of a fixed mold and a movable mold. The lid member covering the container part is connected to the tip of a piece extending from the other of the fixed mold and the movable mold. Since the sealing member is interposed between the first inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the opening surface provided in the lid member and the second inclined surface that is provided in the piece, the hopper device is caused by the difference in thermal expansion amount. Even when the position of the side of the upper mold attached is not coincident with the position of the side of the horizontal mold (specifically, when one is shifted up, down, right, or left with respect to the other) The surface can absorb displacement.

As a result, the sealing between the lid member and the mold is maintained. Since the container part is fixed to the mold side and hermeticity is maintained between the lid member and the piece provided on the mold side, it is possible to prevent leakage of high-pressure gas from between the hopper device and the mold. it can.
Since leakage of high-pressure gas and the like can be prevented, the waste of molten metal can be eliminated.

  In the invention which concerns on Claim 2, the process of preparing a tilting-type gravity casting apparatus, the process of storing a molten metal in a container part, the pouring process of inclining a metal mold | die and pouring a molten metal into the cavity of a metal mold | die, and this pouring process Since the gas pressurization process which pressurizes the molten metal in a cavity is provided in the middle or after completion | finish of this, the molten metal in a cavity can be pressurized. Since the molten metal in the cavity is pressurized, the cast structure can be made dense in the same manner as when the molten metal is used. Since the cast structure can be made fine while reducing the amount of the hot water, the yield of the material can be greatly increased.

In the invention according to claim 3, in the pouring step, when the gate is closed with the molten metal, the gas supply means starts the supply of the high-pressure gas.
When the gate is clogged with molten metal, thereafter, the molten metal in the container is pressurized with high-pressure gas by the gas supply means, so that the filling speed can be stably increased, and the filling efficiency can be stably increased. .

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are viewed in the direction of the reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tilting gravity casting apparatus provided with a hopper device according to the present invention. The gravity casting apparatus 10 includes a tilting mold 11 (also referred to as “tilting mold 11”) and this mold. A hopper device 12 that is attached to the end surface 10a of 11 and supplies molten metal to the die 11 and a die tilting mechanism 13 that tilts the die 11 and the hopper device 12 together are mainly configured.

The mold 11 includes a fixed mold 15 and a movable mold 16, and a mold opening / closing means 17 is provided in the movable mold 16.
The mold tilting mechanism 13 is attached to the support arm 19, a tilting shaft 18 that extends left and right from the fixed mold 15 of the mold 11 and serves as a tilting axis, a support arm 19 that supports the tilting shaft 18, and the support arm 19. And tilt drive means 21.
Details of the hopper device 12 will be described later.

  2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 1. The tilting mold 11 includes a fixed mold 15 as a lower mold and a movable mold 16 as an upper mold. The fixed mold 15 and the movable mold 16 include a cavity 22. Is provided. The mating surface of the fixed mold 15 and the movable mold 16 is also referred to as a mold dividing surface 23.

The hopper device 12 includes a container part 24 that stores molten metal, a lid member 26 that covers and seals the opening 25 of the container part 24 from above, and a fastening means 27 that serves as a connecting means for fastening the lid member 26 to the container part 24. In order to prevent the molten metal from leaking, a seal member is interposed between the container portion 24 and the lid member 26.
The connecting means may use a fluid pressure cylinder in addition to a screwed member including a bolt and a nut. That is, the connecting means such as the fastening means 27 that is a member to be screwed or a fluid pressure cylinder (not shown) can change the connecting force. For example, in the case of using the fastening means 27, the crushing cost of the seal member can be controlled by the number of rotations to be tightened after the bolt or nut is seated. Further, in the case of using a connecting means such as a fluid pressure cylinder, the crushing margin of the seal member can be controlled by changing the pressure in the fluid pressure cylinder, and the adhesion between the container portion 24 and the lid member 26 is controlled. Can be improved.

The lid member 26 is provided with a molten metal port 31 for injecting molten metal, and the molten metal port 31 is provided with a plug 29 for blocking the inside and outside of the container portion 24 so as to be opened and closed.
A gas supply means 32 for supplying high-pressure gas is attached to the lid member 26.

The hopper device 12 is fixed to a fixed mold 15 constituting the mold 11. In detail, the container part 24 is arrange | positioned in the position in which the opening surface 33 substantially corresponds to the division surface 23 of a metal mold | die.
The hopper device 12 may be fixed to the movable mold 16. Further, the gas supply means 32 for supplying the high-pressure gas may be connected to the container portion 24.

  That is, the tilt type gravity casting apparatus 10 includes a hopper device 12, the molten metal 30 is stored in the hopper device 12, and the molten metal is poured when the mold 11 is tilted by the mold tilting mechanism (reference numeral 13 in FIG. 1). Pouring into the cavity 22 of the mold 11 through the gate 34.

Since the gate is provided on the dividing surface 23, the gate 34 provided on the mold 11 side can be simply configured. Since the gate 34 has a simple structure, the mold cost can be reduced.
In the figure, reference numeral 35 denotes a reinforcing rib that extends from the fixed mold 15 to the bottom of the container part 24 and supports the container part 24.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of three parts in FIG. 2, and shows that a heat insulating material 41 is lined on the container part 24 constituting the hopper device 12.
The heat insulating material 41 has a three-layer structure in which a first layer portion 42, a second layer portion 43, and a third layer portion 44 are sequentially stacked inside the container portion 24. In this embodiment, the first layer portion 42 is made of a zonotlite-based calcium silicate plate, the second layer portion 43 is made of a fibrous amorphous heat insulating material, and the third layer portion 44 is made of BN separation. A mold material coat is used.

  Thus, since the heat insulating material 41 is lined in the container part 24, it becomes difficult for the molten metal temperature to fall. For this reason, the molten metal can be poured into the cavity (reference numeral 22 in FIG. 2) while maintaining a preferable pouring temperature, and a cast product having a predetermined quality can be obtained.

  4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 2, and the container portion 24 includes two gates 34 connected to the cavity 22 of the mold 11, and a molten metal guide member 45 that guides the molten metal to these gates 34, 34. It has.

When the mold 11 is tilted, the molten metal guide member 45 can quickly cut the molten metal in the container portion. Therefore, the molten metal in the container can be used without waste.
In addition, although the number of the spout 34 which is a channel | path of a molten metal was two, three may be sufficient and four may be sufficient and can be set to arbitrary numbers.

FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a lid opening / closing mechanism for opening / closing a lid for injecting molten metal provided in the hopper device and its operation view.
In (a), the lid opening / closing mechanism 47 includes a drive cylinder 53 attached to the bottom 24 s of the container portion 24 via a first bracket 51 and a first shaft 52, and a rod shaft 54 </ b> J to a rod tip 54 of the drive cylinder 53. And a second shaft 56 attached via the arm member 55, a second bracket 57 that rotatably supports the second shaft 56 and is fixed to the lid member 26, and a second shaft 56 attached to the second shaft 56. The plug opening / closing arm 58 rotates as the biaxial shaft 56 rotates, and the plug 29 attached to the plug opening / closing arm 58.

In (b), when the rod tip 54 of the drive cylinder 53 is extended, the arm member 55 rotates about the second shaft 56 in the direction of the arrow b. As the second shaft 56 rotates, the plug opening / closing arm 58 is rotated. Rotates, the plug 29 can be lifted, and the molten metal port 31 can be opened.
Returning to (a), when the rod end portion 54 of the drive cylinder 53 is contracted, the plug opening / closing arm 58 rotates about the second shaft 56 in the direction of arrow a, and the molten metal port 31 can be closed.

  FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of 6 parts in FIG. 2. A seal member 28 is attached to an end 59 where the lid member 26 faces the mold 11, and the movable mold 16 has a piece so as to contact the seal member 28. 61 is attached.

  Specifically, a first inclined surface 62 that is inclined with respect to the opening surface (reference numeral 33 in FIG. 2) is formed at the end 59 of the lid member 26, and the seal member 28 is formed on the first inclined surface 62. The second inclined surface 63 formed on the piece 61 abuts on the upper surface 28a of the seal member 28, and the rear end 61b of the piece 61 is attached to the side surface 16s of the movable die 16. The first inclined surface 62 and the second inclined surface 63 are arranged in parallel.

7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 6, and the seal member 28 is disposed in a U-shape on the first inclined surface 62 of the lid member 26. FIG.
Since the seal member 28 is made of fluorine-based or silicon-based rubber, the seal member 28 is unlikely to deteriorate under conditions in which high temperature and pressure conditions are intermittently generated. Therefore, the sealing performance between the first inclined surface 62 and the second inclined surface 63 can be maintained over a long period of time.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 7. A seal groove 65 is formed in the first inclined surface 62, and the seal member 28 is attached to the seal groove 65.
In the present embodiment, the seal member 28 is a member having a rectangular cross section.
The seal member 28 may be a member having a circular cross section or an elliptical cross section. In this case, it is preferable that the seal groove portion 65 has a so-called dovetail shape. If the groove has a groove shape, there is a clearance space corresponding to the deformation of the seal member 28 when sealing, and the groove is in the groove and the seal member 28 can be deformed laterally. Will not take. Since the load applied to the seal member 28 is small, there is little deterioration and the life of the seal member 28 can be extended. Also, in the case of a groove, when the piece 61 abuts against the sealing member 28 from above and is pressed, and the sealing member 28 is deformed and sealed in the lateral direction, sealing can be surely performed at three points. The sealing groove portion 65 can be reliably sealed as compared with the cross-sectional shape of the above-described substantially rectangular shape.

Returning to FIG. 6, the lid member 26 is a first inclined surface 62 whose side facing the mold 11 is inclined with respect to the opening surface 33, and the first inclined surface 62 extends from the movable die 16. It is arranged so as to face the second inclined surface 63 provided in the piece 61 in parallel and to be kept airtight via the seal member 28.
The piece 61 may be extended from the fixed mold 15 and the container portion 24 may be fixed to the movable mold 16.

FIG. 9 is an operation diagram for explaining a sealed state between the lid member and the piece.
In (a), the gap between the piece 61 and the end portion 59 of the lid member 26 is sealed with a gap La. In (b), for example, when the movable mold 16 expands in the horizontal direction, compared to (a), Sealed with a gap Lb (Lb <La), and in (c), for example, when the movable mold 16 expands in the vertical direction, it is sealed with a gap Lc.In (d), for example, opposite to (c), for example, When the movable mold 16 contracts in the vertical direction, it is sealed with a gap Ld.

  Therefore, even when the position of the side surface 16s of the movable mold 16 to which the hopper device 12 is attached does not coincide with the position of the side surface 15s of the fixed mold (reference numeral 15 in FIG. 2) due to the difference in thermal expansion amount, the seal The member 28 can seal between the first inclined surface 62 and the second inclined surface 63. That is, the sealing between the lid member 26 and the mold 11 can be maintained.

The operation of the hopper device described above will be described next.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a molten metal preparation process for injecting molten metal and accumulating molten metal in the hopper device. The plug 29 provided at the upper portion of the hopper device 12 is opened, and the molten aluminum alloy 30 is controlled at a predetermined temperature by the handle 66. Is poured into the container part 24 of the hopper device.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a pouring process in which the mold is tilted and the molten metal is poured into the cavity of the mold, the plug 29 is closed, and the tilting gravity casting apparatus 10 is tilted in the direction of the arrow α to enter the hopper apparatus 12. The molten metal 30 stored is poured into the cavity 22.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a gas pressurizing process for pressurizing the molten metal in the cavity. When the tilt angle of the hopper device 12 with respect to the horizontal plane becomes 90 °, high pressure gas is supplied from the gas supply means 32 to the hopper device 12. To do. Reference numeral 68 denotes means for detecting the pressure in the hopper device 12.

  Thus, by tilting the hopper device 12 and then pressurizing the gate 34 with high-pressure gas, the amount of necessary hot water can be greatly reduced, and the cast structure can be made dense. Since the amount of hot water is reduced, the material yield can be increased.

  In this embodiment, the pressurization start timing for supplying the high-pressure gas is performed when the tilt angle of the hopper device 12 with respect to the horizontal plane is 90 °, but the supply of the high-pressure gas is started in the middle of tilting the mold. There is no problem. The pressurization start timing can be arbitrarily set within a range of tilt angles of 20 ° to 90 °. Preferably, pressurization is started when the tilt angle is 40 ° to 50 °. When the tilt angle is 40 ° to 50 °, the pouring gate 34 is blocked with the molten metal. Thereafter, the molten metal 30 in the container portion 24 is pressurized with high-pressure gas from the gas supply means 32 to stabilize the filling speed. In addition, the filling efficiency can be stably increased. The applied pressure is about 0.3 MPa to 0.5 MPa.

FIG. 13 is a flow chart for manufacturing a cast according to the present invention, which will be described with reference to FIGS. STXX indicates a step number.
ST01: (Gravity casting apparatus preparation process): The mold 11 is provided with a hopper apparatus 12, and the molten metal is stored in the hopper apparatus 12, and when the mold 11 is tilted, the molten metal 30 is poured into the cavity 22 of the mold 11. A type gravity casting apparatus 10 is prepared.

ST02: (Melt preparation step): The lid member 26 is opened, and the molten aluminum alloy, which is controlled to a predetermined temperature with a handle, is poured into the container portion 24 of the hopper device, and the molten metal 30 is stored.
ST03: (Pouring process): The mold 11 is tilted together with the container part 24 having a sealed structure with the lid member 26, and the molten metal 30 is poured into the cavity 22 of the mold 11.

  ST04: (Gas pressurization step): During or after the pouring step, the molten metal in the cavity is pressurized by sending high-pressure gas into the hopper device 12 by the gas supply means 32.

  Returning to FIG. 9, since the sealing is maintained between the lid member 26 and the piece 61 provided on the mold 11 side, and the container portion 24 is fixed to the mold 11 side, the hopper device 12 and the mold It is possible to prevent the molten metal 30 and the high-pressure gas from leaking from between 11. Since the leakage of the molten metal 30 and the like from between the mold 11 and the lid member 26 is eliminated, the waste of the molten metal 30 can be eliminated.

  Returning to FIG. 13, a step of preparing the tilt type gravity casting apparatus 10, a step of storing molten metal in the container portion 24, a pouring step of pouring the molten metal into the cavity 22 of the mold 11 by tilting the mold 11, Since the gas pressurizing step for pressurizing the molten metal 30 in the cavity 22 is provided during or after the pouring step, the molten metal 30 in the cavity 22 can be pressurized.

  Since the molten metal 30 in the cavity 22 is pressurized, the cast structure can be made dense in the same manner as when the molten metal is poured. Since the cast structure can be made fine while reducing the amount of the hot water, the yield of the material can be greatly increased.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram showing another embodiment of FIG. 2, and the structure of the hopper device 12 attached to the tilt type gravity casting apparatus 10 is the same, but the cavity 69 of the mold 11 is provided with a core 69. As the molten metal, a molten aluminum alloy is used.

  According to the tilt type gravity casting apparatus 10 according to the present invention, when the aluminum alloy is gravity cast using the core 69, the amount of the hot water can be greatly reduced. Since the amount of hot water is reduced, the material yield can be increased.

  In claim 1, there is no problem even if the container portion is not lined with a heat insulating material. In addition, the gate may be arranged at a position other than the dividing surface.

  The present invention is suitable for a hopper apparatus attached to a tilting mold in the gravity mold casting method.

It is a perspective view of a tilt type gravity casting apparatus provided with the hopper apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing of FIG. FIG. 3 is a three-part enlarged view of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. It is a figure explaining the lid | cover opening / closing mechanism which opens and closes the lid | cover which inject | pours a molten metal with a hopper apparatus, and its operation | movement figure. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of 6 parts in FIG. 2. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 in FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 7. It is an effect | action figure explaining the sealing state between a cover member and a piece. It is a figure explaining the molten metal preparation process which inject | pours molten metal and accumulates molten metal in a hopper apparatus. It is a figure explaining the pouring process which inclines a metal mold | die and pours a molten metal to the cavity of a metal mold | die. It is a figure explaining the gas pressurization process which pressurizes the molten metal in a cavity. It is a manufacturing flow figure of the cast article concerning the present invention. It is another Example figure of FIG. It is a figure explaining the basic composition of the conventional technology. It is the figure which improved FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Gravity casting apparatus, 11 ... Die, 12 ... Hopper apparatus, 15 ... Fixed mold, 16 ... Movable mold, 22 ... Cavity, 23 ... Dividing surface, 24 ... Container part, 25 ... Opening, 26 ... Cover member, 28 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Sealing member, 30 ... Molten metal, 32 ... Gas supply means, 33 ... Opening surface, 34 ... Pouring gate, 41 ... Heat insulating material, 45 ... Molten metal guide member, 61 ... Piece, 61a ... Tip of piece, 62 ... First inclined surface 63 ... 2nd inclined surface, 67 ... Molten metal, 69 ... Core.

Claims (3)

In a tilting gravity casting apparatus of a type comprising a hopper device in a mold, storing molten metal in the hopper device, and pouring the molten metal into a cavity of the mold through the gate when the mold is tilted,
The hopper device includes a container part that is fixed to one of a fixed mold and a movable mold constituting the mold and whose opening surface substantially coincides with a dividing surface of the mold, and a lid that closes the opening of the container part A member, and a gas supply means connected to the lid member or the container portion to supply high-pressure gas,
The lid member is a first inclined surface whose side facing the mold is inclined with respect to the opening surface, and the first inclined surface is a piece extended from the other of the fixed mold and the movable mold A tilt type gravity casting apparatus, wherein the tilt type gravity casting apparatus is arranged so as to be opposed to and parallel to a second inclined surface provided at the tip of the glass and to be kept airtight through a seal member. Preparing a tilting gravity casting apparatus according to claim 1;
Storing the molten metal in the container part;
A pouring step of pouring the molten metal into the mold cavity by inclining the mold together with the container part sealed with the lid member;
A tilting gravity casting method comprising: a gas pressurizing step of pressurizing the molten metal in the cavity by sending a high-pressure gas by the gas supply means during or after the pouring step.   3. The tilting gravity casting method according to claim 2, wherein, in the pouring step, the gas supply means starts supplying high-pressure gas when the gate is closed with molten metal.

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