JP4202364B2 - Garbage disposal equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus that decomposes garbage generated from households, offices, and the like with microorganisms.

  About 50% of garbage generated in ordinary households is raw garbage. In addition, some establishments that handle fresh foods such as department stores, supermarkets, fruit and vegetable markets, and fresh fish markets, and establishments that provide food and beverages such as canteens, coffee shops, and taverns produce t units of garbage per day. is there. The amount of garbage generated has been increasing along with economic development and sophistication of living, and a large amount of processing costs are required to process the garbage. On the other hand, as a measure for garbage disposal, incineration is sometimes carried out by small batch furnaces at individual households or establishments where garbage is generated, but in recent years due to dioxin problems, individual households and establishments have been incinerated. It is difficult to incinerate raw garbage.

  In such a situation, attention has been paid to decomposing garbage using microorganisms. Thus, by decomposing garbage with microorganisms, the garbage can be composted and used effectively. Further, when the garbage is decomposed by microorganisms, the components of the garbage are converted into water and carbon dioxide by the growth of the microorganisms, so that the amount of garbage can be substantially reduced or eliminated. And various things are devised as a garbage disposal device for decomposing garbage with microorganisms in this way.

  By the way, air is required to successfully propagate microorganisms that decompose garbage. Moreover, it is desirable to maintain the environment in the processing container at a certain high temperature (for example, about 30 to 40 ° C.) in order to allow the microorganisms to propagate well or to dry the garbage with the progress of the processing. . In view of this, conventionally, there has been devised one that supplies heated air to a processing container.

  The above background art is a general matter, and the applicant of the present application has no particular knowledge of a document in which a description specifying the background art is made at the time of filing.

  However, in the conventional garbage processing apparatus capable of supplying heated air into the processing container, the air inside the processing container is supplied to the outside world as the air is supplied into the processing container. Since the air is discharged, the heated air is released to the outside as it is. Therefore, the conventional garbage processing apparatus consumes energy wastefully.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said actual condition, and makes it a subject to enable it to utilize energy effectively in the garbage processing apparatus which supplies the heated air in a processing container.

The main means taken by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems are as follows:
“A processing container into which raw garbage is put,
A blower,
An air supply pipe for supplying air sent from the blower into the processing container;
An air return pipe for returning the air inside the processing container to the blower;
A garbage processing apparatus comprising heating means for heating air sent from the blower and supplied to the processing container. "
It is.

  In the garbage processing apparatus having the above configuration, the air in the processing container returns to the blower through the air return pipe and is supplied again into the processing container through the air supply pipe, so that the heated air is circulated. become. Therefore, energy can be used effectively.

In the above-described garbage processing apparatus,
“The processing vessel is formed in a double structure having an outer shell and an inner shell, and has an air chamber between the outer shell and the inner shell,
The said garbage supply apparatus is connected to the said air chamber, and supplies the air sent out from the said air blower to the inside of the said processing container through the said air chamber, The garbage processing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. "
It is good.

  In the garbage processing apparatus having the above configuration, since the processing container has a double structure having an air chamber, the temperature in the processing container is unlikely to decrease even in a situation where the ambient temperature is low in winter or the like. Further, since the heated air flows into the air chamber of the processing container, the processing container is warmed by the heated air. Therefore, according to the garbage processing apparatus of the said structure, energy consumption can be restrained low.

In the garbage processing apparatus configured as described above,
“A garbage processing apparatus comprising an exhaust pipe connected to the air return pipe for discharging the air inside the processing container to the outside.”
It is good.

  Even if the heated air is circulated, the pressure inside the processing container increases with the progress of the processing (fermentation) of the garbage, and also in the processing container to dry the processed garbage. Therefore, the air in the processing container must be discharged to the outside. Here, it can simply be assumed that an exhaust pipe is provided in the processing container and the air in the processing container is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe. However, if the exhaust pipe is simply provided, the air that has just been supplied into the processing container is inadvertently exhausted to the outside world, or the air pressure in the processing container becomes lower than the external pressure. There is a possibility of causing problems such as the outside air flowing unnecessarily through the tube and lowering the temperature in the processing container.

  On the other hand, in the garbage processing apparatus having the above configuration, since the exhaust pipe is connected to the air return pipe, the air just supplied into the processing container is not discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe. . Further, when the outside air flows into the processing container through the exhaust pipe, the outside air flows from the exhaust pipe into the processing container through the air return pipe, the blower, and the air supply pipe. Is heated by the heating means. Therefore, the above-described problems do not occur.

  As described above, according to the garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention, energy can be effectively used in the garbage processing apparatus that supplies heated air into the processing container.

  Hereinafter, the garbage processing apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated in detail based on drawing.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the garbage processing apparatus 1 is an apparatus for composting, reducing, or extinguishing garbage with microorganisms. As a main configuration, a processing container 10 into which garbage is input. And an agitation means 20 for agitating the raw garbage thrown into the processing container 10, an air supply means 30 for supplying air into the processing container 10, and an air discharge path for exhausting the air inside the processing container 10 to the outside. An exhaust pipe 60 is provided.

  The processing container 10 is placed on an appropriate installation surface by a leg stand (not shown) provided in the lower part. Further, the processing container 10 has a double structure having an outer shell 11 and an inner shell 12, and an air chamber 13 in which an appropriate gap is secured between the outer shell 11 and the inner shell 12. Yes. In addition, an inlet 14 leading to the inside of the inner shell 12 is provided in the upper part of the processing container 10, and an outlet 15 leading to the bottom inside the inner shell 11 is provided in the lower part. Garbage is introduced from the inlet 14, decomposed in the processing container 10, and discharged from the outlet 15.

  The stirring means 20 includes a rotating shaft 21 whose both ends are rotatably supported by the processing vessel 10 via a bearing (not shown), and a stirring member 22 extending in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21. The rotating shaft 21 is rotated by a motor (not shown), whereby the garbage in the processing container 10 is stirred by the stirring member 22. Here, although both ends of the rotating shaft 21 are rotatably supported by the processing container 10, the inside of the rotating shaft 21 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape and is located inside the inner shell 12 of the processing container 10. On the outer peripheral surface, a plurality of circular through holes constituting an air outlet 24 to be described later are formed at appropriate positions, and the outer peripheral surface located in the air chamber 13 of the processing container 10 is described later. A square through hole constituting the air inlet 25 is formed. The air inlet 25 is provided on one end side of the rotary shaft 21, while the motor for rotating the rotary shaft 21 is provided on the other end side of the rotary shaft 21 and the other end of the rotary shaft 21. The rotary shaft 21 has a structure that can sufficiently withstand the torsional stress generated when it rotates even if the air inlet 25 is largely open.

  The rotating shaft 21 is provided with a disk-shaped partition plate 23. The partition plate 23 divides the internal space of the processing container 10 into a plurality of rooms in the width direction of the processing container 10 that is the axial direction of the rotation shaft 21. Here, since the partition plate 23 is not fixed with respect to the processing container 10 and rotates with the rotating shaft 21, the garbage in each room partitioned by the partition plate 23 is also stirred by the partition plate 23. be able to.

  Thus, in the garbage processing apparatus 1 in which the internal space of the processing container 10 is partitioned into a plurality of rooms, the type of garbage to be processed is classified for each room, or, for example, the processing of garbage is performed in one room. After a certain amount of progress, do not throw new garbage into the room, but instead put it into another room. Can be processed.

  In this example, an appropriate gap is secured between the inner surface of the processing container 10 (the inner surface of the inner shell 12) and the partition plate 23, and is partitioned by the partition plate 23 and adjacent to the width direction of the processing container 10. The garbage that has been processed to some extent can be moved back and forth between rooms. As a result, the garbage that has progressed to some extent and the microorganisms have sufficiently propagated can be mixed into the garbage in the adjacent room, and the start-up when processing new garbage can be accelerated. Further, in this example, the inlet 14 at the top of the processing container 10 is widely opened across each room adjacent in the width direction of the processing container 10, and is individually generated from the single inlet 14 to each room. Garbage can be thrown in. Further, the discharge port 15 at the bottom of the processing container 10 is provided with a lid 16 that can be opened and closed individually for each room so that the processed garbage can be individually discharged for each room. .

  The air supply means 30 includes a blower 31 and an air supply pipe 32 connected to the air outlet of the blower 31, and the air sent from the blower 31 is introduced into the processing container 10 through the air supply pipe 32. To supply. Here, the air supply pipe 32 is connected to the air chamber 13 of the processing container 10 having a double structure, and the air sent from the blower 31 passes through the air supply pipe 32 (arrows in FIGS. 1 and 2). First, it flows into the air chamber 13 of the processing container 10 (see arrow b in FIGS. 1 and 2). The air that has flowed into the air chamber 13 of the processing container 10 further flows into the rotating shaft 21 from the inlet 25 of the rotating shaft 21 that opens in the air chamber 13 (see arrow c in FIG. 1). 21, flows out from the outlet 24 of the rotating shaft 21 (see arrow d in FIG. 1), and is supplied into the processing vessel 10.

  By the way, this garbage processing apparatus 1 is provided with a heating means for heating the air sent from the blower 31, and heated air is supplied into the processing container 10. Specifically, in this example, a heater 35 using a heating wire is disposed in the air chamber 13 of the processing container 10, and the air supplied into the processing container 10 through the air chamber 13 is supplied by the heater 35. Be warmed up. Therefore, in the processing container 10, microorganisms propagate well and the garbage is dried well. Further, by providing the heater 35 in the air chamber 13 of the processing container 10 as in this example, not only the air supplied into the processing container 10 can be heated, but also the processing container 10 itself can be heated. . Furthermore, since the processing container 10 has a double structure having the air chamber 13, even in a winter season or the like, even if the ambient temperature is low, the garbage processing apparatus 1 in which the temperature inside the processing container 10 is difficult to decrease is obtained. be able to.

  Further, in this example, the heater 35 extends in the width direction of the processing container 10 at the upper part of the processing container 10, and the air supply pipe 32 is provided in the air chamber 13 of the processing container 10. And is connected to an air discharge duct 33 extending in the width direction of the processing container 10. The air from the air supply pipe 32 opens toward the heater 35 in the air discharge duct 33 and is discharged from a plurality of discharge ports 34 provided continuously in the width direction of the processing container 10. With such a configuration, the air sent from the blower 31 can be efficiently heated by the heater 35.

  Note that the air supplied into the processing container 10 is not limited to the heater 35 described above, and a heater 35a is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the air supply pipe 32 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. The air flowing through the air supply pipe 32 may be heated, and an apparatus for generating heat, such as an incinerator, a boiler, an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, a fuel cell, or the like is disposed in the vicinity of the garbage disposal apparatus 1. When installed, the other device may be used as the heat source 35b, and the air supply pipe 32 may be routed around the heat source 35b to heat the air flowing through the air supply pipe 32.

  Further, in this example, a magnetic field forming device 36 such as an electromagnet or a permanent magnet is assembled to the air supply pipe 32, and the air flowing through the air supply pipe 32 is subjected to a magnetic field treatment, so that Air treated with a magnetic field is supplied to improve the processing efficiency of garbage.

  Incidentally, an air intake duct 40 is disposed in the processing container 10, and the air in the processing container 10 is taken into the air intake duct 40 (see arrow e in FIG. 1). The air intake duct 40 is connected to the air return pipe 50 and the exhaust pipe 60 outside the processing container 10. Here, the air return pipe 50 and the exhaust pipe 60 are in communication with each other at a connection portion with the air intake duct 40.

  In this example, the air intake duct 40 is extended in the width direction of the processing container 10 at the upper part in the processing container 10, and the air in the processing container 10 is supplied to the air intake duct 40. It is taken in from a plurality of intake ports 41 provided continuously in the width direction of the processing container 10. With such a configuration, air can be largely flowed in the entire processing container 10.

  The air return pipe 50 is connected to the air intake port of the blower 31 and returns the air taken into the air intake duct 40, that is, the air in the processing container 10, to the blower 31 (FIG. 1 and 2 arrow f). The air in the processing container 10 is once taken out of the processing container 10 and returned to the processing container 10 again, thereby causing the air to flow in the processing container 10 and improving the processing efficiency of garbage. In addition to reusing heated air, energy consumption can be kept low.

  The exhaust pipe 60 has an exhaust port 61 at the end, and the internal space of the exhaust pipe 60 constitutes an air exhaust path for exhausting the air inside the processing container 10 to the outside. Further, the exhaust pipe 60 is provided with an opening / closing valve 62. By closing the opening / closing valve, the internal space of the processing container 10 can be shut off from the outside, and the air in the processing container 10 can be closed in a closed cycle. It can be circulated. On the other hand, when the on-off valve is opened, the internal space of the processing container 10 is communicated with the outside world, and when the processing (fermentation) of garbage proceeds and the pressure in the processing container 10 becomes higher than the outside air, the processing container 10 is naturally discharged from the exhaust port 61 to the outside through the air intake duct 40 and the exhaust pipe 60 (see arrow g in FIG. 1). On the other hand, when the air in the processing container 10 is insufficient, outside air naturally flows into the exhaust pipe 60 from the exhaust port 61 (see the arrow h in FIG. 1), and the air return pipe 50 and the blower 31. And enters the processing container 10 through the air supply pipe 32.

  By the way, the air exhaust path of the exhaust pipe 60 is provided with a deodorizing means 70 for removing a bad odor of air released to the outside. Next, details of the deodorizing means 70 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  The deodorizing means 70 crushes the tank 71 that stores the deodorizing liquid, the rotating body 74 that scatters the deodorizing liquid around, and the deodorizing liquid that is provided around the rotating body 74 and is scattered by the rotating body 74. And a net 72 that is finely splashed. Here, the tank 71 is constituted by a part of the exhaust pipe 60, and the mesh body 72 is cylindrical by a metal mesh such as a so-called “expansion metal” formed by stretching a steel plate having a large number of cuts into a mesh shape. And is erected around the rotating body 74. The rotating body 74 is rotationally driven by a motor 73 attached to the upper portion of the tank 71, and includes a conical member 75, a rod member 76, and a fan 77.

  The conical member 75 of the rotating body 74 is formed in an inverted conical shape and is arranged so that the lower end portion is immersed in the deodorant liquid. By rotating, the deodorant liquid is pulled up along the outer peripheral surface. Is. Here, in this example, a plurality of grooves 75a that are inclined toward the rotation direction of the conical member 75 (see arrow d in FIG. 4) are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the conical member 75, and the deodorizing liquid is supplied to each deodorizing liquid. It can be efficiently pulled up along the groove 75a.

  The rod member 76 includes a disc-shaped upper base 76a disposed above the conical member 75, a disk-shaped lower base 76b disposed below the conical member 75, and the upper base 76a and the lower base 76c. It has a rod-shaped portion 76c that is disposed and extends in the vertical direction, and deodorant liquid pulled up by the conical member 75 is scattered around. Here, in this example, a plurality of rod-like portions 76c are disposed around the conical member 75 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and the deodorizing liquid can be efficiently scattered by the rod-like portions 76c. It is like that.

  The fan 77 is disposed above the conical member 75 and the rod member 76 and causes the air above the liquid surface of the deodorizing liquid to flow. Here, in this example, a sirocco fan is adopted as the fan 77 so that air can be greatly flowed in the radial direction from the center side. Further, in this example, it is a portion between the tank 71 and the fan 77, which is the downstream side of the air flowing from the processing container 10 to the exhaust port 61, and the rotation direction of the fan 77 around the fan 77 (FIG. 4). A shield plate 77a is provided on the upstream side of the arrow d). Thus, when the air in the processing container 10 is discharged to the outside through the deodorizing means 70, the air that has flowed into the deodorizing means 70 (see arrow a in FIG. 3) is accompanied by the rotation of the fan 77 (see FIG. 4 (see arrow d in FIG. 4), it can be circulated well downstream of the air flow (see arrow b in FIG. 4), and can smoothly flow out to the exhaust port 61 (see arrow c in FIG. 3).

  In the deodorizing means 70 as described above, the deodorizing liquid can be sprayed into the air in the air discharge path with a simple structure in which the rotating body 74 is simply driven to rotate by the motor 73. The deodorizing treatment can be performed satisfactorily. Further, when the deodorant liquid scattered by the rotating body 74 is struck against the mesh body 72 and becomes fine droplets, negative ions are generated, and thus activated air containing a large amount of negative ions is released to the outside. Thus, the environment around the garbage disposal apparatus 1 can be positively affected.

  Further, since the space where the deodorizing means 70 is provided communicates with the air return pipe 50, negative ions can be included in the air returned into the processing container 10 through the air return pipe 50. It can also activate the activity of microorganisms. Therefore, the efficiency of the garbage decomposition process can be improved.

  Further, although not shown, the tank 71 of the deodorizing means 70 is assembled with a magnetic field forming device composed of an electromagnet or a permanent magnet, and the deodorizing liquid is subjected to magnetic field processing or air is subjected to magnetic field processing. I can do it. By applying a magnetic field treatment to the deodorant liquid or air, it is possible to make fine particles of clusters formed by bonding molecules in the deodorant liquid or air, and to improve the efficiency of the deodorization process.

  By the way, as the deodorant liquid, a deodorant liquid made from chemicals as a raw material may be adopted, but in this example, the deodorant made from an extract extracted from a cypress family called “Hiba”. The liquid is adopted. By using a natural material, which is an organic substance, as a raw material for the deodorant liquid, the discharged air does not adversely affect the outside world, and the environment-friendly garbage disposal apparatus 1 can be obtained.

  Although an example of the garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention has been described above, the garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described example, and although not illustrated, the following garbage disposal apparatus is provided. Also good.

  Not only the garbage processing apparatus having a double-structure treatment container having an air chamber between the inner shell and the outer shell, but also having a second outer shell on the outer side of the outer shell, and the outer shell and the second outer shell. You may comprise the processing container in which the appropriate heat insulating material was interposed between shells. In such a garbage processing apparatus, the processing container has a triple structure having a heat insulating layer in the outermost layer, and heat in the processing container is hardly released to the outside world, so that energy saving can be more suitably achieved.

  The air that has flowed into the rotating shaft of the stirring means from the air chamber of the processing vessel is also allowed to flow out of the processing vessel, and the air that has flowed out of the processing vessel flows into the processing vessel of another garbage processing apparatus. You may make it make it. In this case, a plurality of garbage processing apparatuses are connected to each other to constitute a whole garbage disposal system. And in such a garbage disposal system, in an appropriate garbage disposal apparatus, a structure for supplying air by omitting an air heating means for heating air or omitting a blower for blowing air is provided. It is possible to simplify the structure of the entire system. Moreover, the structure for exhausting air can be simplified by consolidating and connecting the exhaust pipes of a plurality of garbage processing apparatuses to a single exhaust pipe having a deodorizing means. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the structure of the entire system.

It is a section front view showing an example of a garbage processing device concerning the present invention. It is AA sectional drawing of the garbage processing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional front view which shows the deodorizing means part of the garbage processing apparatus shown in FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of the garbage processing apparatus shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Garbage disposal apparatus 10 Processing container 11 Outer shell 12 Inner shell 13 Air chamber 14 Inlet 15 Outlet 16 Lid 20 Stirring means 21 Rotating shaft 22 Stirring member 23 Bulkhead plate 24 Outlet 25 Inlet 30 Air supply means 31 Blower 32 Air supply pipe 33 Air discharge duct 34 Release port 40 Air intake duct 41 Inlet 50 Air return pipe 60 Exhaust pipe (air discharge path)
61 Exhaust port 70 Deodorizing means 71 Tank 72 Net body 73 Motor 74 Rotating body 75 Conical member 75a Groove 76 Bar member 76a Upper base part 76b Lower base part 76c Bar-shaped part 77 Fan 77a Shielding plate

Claims (1)

A processing container into which raw garbage is charged , formed into a double structure having an outer shell and an inner shell, and a processing container having an air chamber between the outer shell and the inner shell , ,
A rotating shaft having both ends rotatably supported by the processing container and a stirring member extending in a radial direction of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being formed in a hollow cylindrical shape. In addition, an air inflow port is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the processing container located in the air chamber, and an air outflow port is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the processing container located inside the inner shell. Stirring means,
A blower,
An air supply pipe connected to the air chamber and supplying air sent from the blower to the inside of the processing container through the air chamber ;
An air intake duct disposed at an upper portion in the processing container and taking in air in the processing container;
An air return pipe connected to the air intake duct and returning the air inside the processing vessel to the blower;
The internal space of the processing container is connected to the outside world connected to the air intake duct, and when the pressure in the processing container becomes higher than the outside air, the air in the processing container is discharged to the outside world, An exhaust pipe for allowing outside air to flow into the processing container when the pressure is lower than the outside air;
A garbage processing apparatus comprising heating means for heating air sent from the blower and supplied to the processing container.

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