JP4198429B2 - Pipe retaining ring for thin-walled pipe joint and joint structure using the same - Google Patents

Pipe retaining ring for thin-walled pipe joint and joint structure using the same Download PDF

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JP4198429B2
JP4198429B2 JP2002282235A JP2002282235A JP4198429B2 JP 4198429 B2 JP4198429 B2 JP 4198429B2 JP 2002282235 A JP2002282235 A JP 2002282235A JP 2002282235 A JP2002282235 A JP 2002282235A JP 4198429 B2 JP4198429 B2 JP 4198429B2
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pipe
joint
retaining ring
thin
peripheral side
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JP2004116692A (en
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茂男 北澤
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Kitz Corp
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Kitz Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、液体や気体の流体を流すための金属製パイプを継手やバルブに接続する際にこの継手内に装着し、継手と袋ナットの螺合によってその内周側をパイプに食い込ませてこのパイプを接続するために用いる薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪及びこれを用いた継手構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、パイプ接合には各種の手段が知られているが、特に、JIS G3448 一般配管用ステンレス鋼管やJWWA G115 水道用ステンレス鋼管に規定されている薄肉ステンレスパイプ等のように薄肉管を継手に接合するには、袋ナットの締付に伴いゴムパッキンが継手内に押込まれ、シール性を保持し、内部部品により管に抜け出し阻止力を与えるようにした伸縮可撓式継手による接合方法、或は、継手の受口へ管を差込み、継手と管の隙間にはんだを充填するはんだ式継手による接合方法がある。これらの接合方法においては、それぞれ、接合時にゴムパッキンやはんだを用いるようにしている。
【0003】
また、Oリングが充填されている継手の受口へ管を差込み、プレス機を用いて、受口の外面を差込部中央より受口端部までプレスして継手と管を接合させるプレス式継手による接合方法、或は、管の端部を拡管して継手と特殊ナットにより接合する拡管方式による接合方法が知られている。
【0004】
一方、袋ナット内に、内周に食込爪を有する環状の食込部材を設け、継手に袋ナットを締付けることによってこの食込部材の食込爪をパイプに食い込ませてパイプの引抜き阻止力を与えるようにしたグリップ式接合(例えば、特許第3044224号、特開平9−166252号公報等参照)が提案されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記グリップ式接合以外の接合は、パイプ径の大小や流体の性質或は使用目的に応じてそれぞれの特長を有しているが、接合継手とパイプとの接合作業に熟練を要し、配管作業のミスが要因となって脱管現象やシール性の機能低下、或は継手の接合に要するコストがかかってしまう等の課題を有していた。
【0006】
一方、グリップ式接合においては、特許第3044224号公報における絞りワッシャは、内周部を切り欠いて周方向に複数の歯部を形成しており、この歯部の先端側の円弧状部分を管の外周面に沿って食い込ませるようにしているため、歯部と管の接触部分が大きくなり締付けトルクが増加するという問題があった。従って、外周を塑性変形させて接合を行うようにした金属製の管の場合には締付けが難しくなり、また、この歯部が管に食い込んだときに管を傷つけることがあり、食込みによって管が大きく塑性変形した場合には、塑性変形した傷部に錆や腐食細孔が発生するおそれもあった。
この絞りワッシャは、外縁側のリング部分が細くなっている構造であるため、締付け時にこの外周リング部分が変形することがありシール性を保てなくなるという問題もあった。
【0007】
また、特開平9−166252号公報のパイプグリップは、締付けナットを締付けた場合の把持爪のパイプへの食込み量が明確ではなく、すなわち、把持爪の挟持によってパイプが塑性変形したときのパイプ断面積における塑性変形量などが記されていない。このパイプグリップは、円錐面の傾斜角度(外側面と底面とのなす角度)を25〜35°に形成しておき、対向した一対の把持爪の間隔などを決めることによってパイプグリップの締付け前における外観形状を決定するようにしたものであって、パイプグリップが変形した後の形状は明らかになっていない。
【0008】
この把持爪自体の形状は、変形前の把持爪自体の高さ、すなわちこのパイプグリップの外縁から把持爪先端までの距離や、或は、把持爪内縁及びこの把持爪間に挟まれている凹部の内縁を構成している各曲率半径等の違いによって変わる可能性があり、仮に所定の傾斜角度等に設定したとしても、接続するパイプの肉厚などによってパイプ変形後の把持爪の食込み量が変わるおそれがあり、締付け後に把持爪によって得られる強度は一定であるとはいえなかった。従って、把持爪の形状によっては金属製パイプに食い込んだときに確実にこのパイプを接合できない場合があった。
【0009】
とりわけ、把持爪の強度が弱い場合には、パイプに引抜き力が生じた場合にこの把持爪がせん断破壊等によって変形してパイプの保持状態を維持できず、パイプが継手から抜け出てしまうおそれがある。
逆に、把持爪の強度が強すぎる場合には、把持爪がパイプに食込むことなく袋ナットなどによる圧縮力がそのまま加わり続けて締付け力が過大な状態となり、把持爪が起き上がらなかったり、或は、把持爪がパイプに食込んだとしてもこの食込み量が大きくなるためパイプの変形量が大きくなり、そのまま締付けても把持爪の変形後の食込み断面部分が均一に変形した断面形状にはならず、特定の把持爪に大きな食込み力が働いたりしてパイプの薄肉部が割れてしまったりする場合がある。
【0010】
本発明は、従来の接合時における課題点を解決したものであり、その目的とするところは、継手と金属製パイプの接合作業が簡易に行われ、密封シール性が良好であり、パイプの引抜き阻止力が長期に亘ってその機能を確実に発揮できる低コストの薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪であって、パイプを確実に保持しつつ、変形させたり割れさせたりすることなく接合を行うことができる薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪を提供することを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するため、請求項1に係る発明は、パイプの外周に嵌装され、継手等の接合本体の接合部とこの接合部に螺合可能な袋ナットによって挟持変形して内周側に一体に形成した保持爪をパイプの外周面に食い込ませてこのパイプを接続するようにした薄板環形状の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪において、変形後の保持爪のパイプへの総食込み量をパイプ肉厚総断面積の16〜22%とすると共に、保持爪のパイプへの総食込み弦長さをパイプ外周長さの35〜40%とした薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪である。
【0012】
請求項2に係る発明は、外周側を一様な真円度を呈する円形状に形成した薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪である。
【0013】
請求項3に係る発明は、外周側を内周側の保持爪と、この保持爪に挟まれた凹部と一定の幅を呈する凹凸形状に形成した薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪である。
【0014】
請求項4に係る発明は、外周側に内周側の凹部から外周までの幅の略1/2のV字状の切欠部を少なくとも2箇所以上設けた薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪である。
【0015】
請求項5に係る発明は、接合本体のねじ部に、引抜き防止機構を収納した被接合部材を螺合して締付け固定した継手構造において、引抜き防止機構に薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪を用いた継手構造である。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明における薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪の実施形態を図面に従って説明する。
図1は、本発明の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪の第1実施形態を示したものである。また、図3においては管継手の接合構造を示しており、1は継手用の継手又はバルブボデー等の接合本体(継手本体)1aに設けたパイプ接続部である接合部(継手部)であり、この接合部1は、外周締付部1bを有し、その両端にねじ部であるおねじ部1c,1dを設けている。
本実施形態における継手構造は、接合本体1aのおねじ部1dに、後述する引抜き防止機構13を収納した被接合部材である袋ナット7を螺合して締付け固定するようにしている。なお、おねじ部1cは、おねじ部1dと同一のねじ構造とするか、或は本例と同一の継手構造でも良く、又はその他の接合手段で配管接続するようにしても良い。
【0017】
パイプ止め輪本体14は、締付け時に接合本体1a内に収納されるものであり、金属製のパイプ18の外周に嵌装され、接合本体1aの接合部1とこの接合部1に螺合可能な袋ナット7によって挟持変形して、止め輪本体14内周側に一体に形成した保持爪20をパイプ18の外周面に食い込ませるように塑性変形させてこのパイプ18を接続するようにしている。
【0018】
このとき、この薄板環形状の薄肉管継手用の止め輪本体14は、図1の実線のハッチングに示すような変形後の保持爪20のパイプ18への総食込み量A(各保持爪20のパイプ18への食込み面積の総和)をパイプ肉厚総断面積Zの16〜22%とすると共に、保持爪20のパイプ18への総食込み弦長さB(各保持爪20のパイプ18への食込み弦長さの総和)をパイプ外周長さLの35〜40%となるようにした。なお、食込み弦長さとは、パイプに食込んだ保持爪20とパイプ18外周との交線の長さのことであり、この交線の位置は、接合本体1aに接続されたパイプ18に引抜き力が加わった際、保持爪20に加わるせん断力が集中する位置である。
【0019】
図1の止め輪本体14は、外周側を一様な真円度を呈する円形状に設けているが、図5に示す第2実施形態のように、止め輪本体24の外周側を内周側の保持爪25とこの保持爪25に挟まれた凹部26と一定の幅を呈する凹凸形状に形成するようにしてもよい。
【0020】
また、図6に示す第3実施形態においては、止め輪本体30の外周側に内周側の凹部32から外周までの幅の略1/2のV字状の切欠部33を少なくとも2箇所以上設けるようにしている。Vノッチ形状の切欠部33は、V字角度約30〜90°の角度でプレスなどで打抜き、或は切断加工により形成しており、袋ナット7締付前の止め輪本体30のバネ特性には影響がない。また、切欠部33は、止め輪本体30の外周側に設けており、内周側には切れ目がないため、止め輪をパイプ18を挿入し易くする目的でテーパ形状に加工する際、止め輪の真円度を確保することができ、止め輪本体30を袋ナット7に装着してパイプ18を挿入する際にこのパイプ18との軸心が合うように設けている。
このときの袋ナット7のめねじ7bの下穴径と止め輪本体30の外径との隙間は、0〜0.5mm程度の範囲内にするのがよい。この範囲は継手サイズ13〜50Suに共通に用いることができ、0.5mm以上とすると止め輪の起立の際、止め輪が外方に広がってしまい、パイプ18への食込み断面積を確保することが困難になる。また、この隙間が全くない状態とすると、止め輪が起立し難くなるので、とりわけ0.2mmが好ましい。
【0021】
パイプ18の引抜き阻止力を大きくしたい場合には、保持爪20のパイプ18への食込み量や食込み断面積を確保することになるが、締付け後のパイプ18の変形量を大きくし過ぎるとこの窪んだ部分の角部分が鋭角となり、発生及び残留応力が集中し、時期割れや応力腐食割れによる破損が発生し易くなる。また、パイプ18の外径許容差を考慮すると真円度を失い、いびつに変形してしまう問題もある。
一方、パイプ18に対して袋ナット7の締付けトルク値を低減したい場合は、保持爪20をできる限り食い込ませず、パイプ18の変形量を小さくすることが必要となっている。
これらは相反しているが、止め輪本体30にVノッチ形状の切欠部33を設けることによって、止め輪本体30を起立させる際に必要な潰し荷重値を超えるとVノッチ形状に発生応力が集中し、少なくとも1ヶ所が破損することで潰し荷重値は低減できると同時に、破損により円形状並びに真円度を損ねる問題は、袋ナット7のめねじ7bの下穴径と止め輪本体30の外径隙間により円形状並びに真円度を保つことで必要最小限の保持爪31の食込み量(パイプの変形量)に抑えている。これによってパイプ18の真円度が変形したりパイプ18の割れなどを防止し、大きな抵抗力を生み出すために任意の円弧にて点接触的にパイプ18に食い込むような形状にすることが可能となる。
【0022】
図7に示す第4実施形態においては、止め輪本体34は、保持爪35の凸状先端部35aに少なくとも2つ以上の山状の突起36、36を形成している。この突起36の曲面形状の半径は略等しくなるように設け、このように保持爪35の先端側に突起36を設けることで凹凸状部位を形成しており、保持爪35先端側がパイプ18表面に食込む際にこの保持爪35が起立していく過程においてスラスト荷重を受けてもこの凸状先端部35に分散して荷重が加わり、パイプ18とのスリップ防止効果を得ることができる。
【0023】
ここで、本発明のパイプ止め輪を装着する接合部1においては、図1に示すようにおねじ部1dの奥側位置に設けた装着面又は溝状の装着部2に、確認シールリング(本例ではOリング)3を装着し、更に、おねじ部1dの肉厚部に複数個(本例では3個)の視認用又は漏れ確認用の確認穴4を放射状に形成すると共に、おねじ部1dの外方端部面に段部5と内方端部面に切欠きテーパ部(約5〜30度の範囲)6をそれぞれ形成している。
この確認穴4は、その長辺が接合部1のパイプ当接部1eと一致するように設けられており、パイプ先端部を確実に視認可能に設けている。
【0024】
袋ナット7は、パイプ挿入穴7a側(後端側)の内周に、図4に示すようなテーパ部8a、或は図示しない装着段部を形成し、このテーパ部8a又は装着段部にシール部材(本例ではOリング)9を装着する。また、袋ナット7の先端には、接合部1の外周締付部1bに設けた胴着面10に胴着させる当接面11を設け、先端内周位置には、接合部1と袋ナット7を螺合した際に、前述の確認シールリング3を密封シールし、かつ締付け施工を確認するための接合段部12を設けている。
【0025】
また、袋ナット7のめねじ部7bの位置に内装した引抜き防止機構13は、止め輪本体14と皿ばね15と平座金16より成り、この引抜き防止機構13をめねじ部7bに仮止めした樹脂製の仮止めリング17により袋ナット7内に収納保持するようにしている。仮止めリング17は、袋ナット7を接合部1に接合したときに、皿ばね15等に過度の押圧力を与えて、皿ばね15等の変形や損傷等が発生してしまうことのないように、段部5に収納される。
【0026】
止め輪本体14は、図3に示すように、外力を与えずに袋ナット7を締付けない状態のとき、その内周側を接合部1側に向け、かつその外周側を袋ナット7の後端側に向けた傾斜状態に取付け、一方、皿ばね15は、この止め輪本体14とは反対側に傾斜させた状態で取付けている。また、平座金16は、袋ナット7のスラスト面7cに接触してスラストワッシャ機能とOリング9を保持する保持機能を発揮している。
【0027】
なお、本発明の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪は、ボールバルブ、ゲートバルブやグローブバルブ等のバルブ用ボデーのパイプ接続部を接合部として接合することもでき、上記の継手に適用した構造と同一構造を成し、継手の場合と同様に組立てることができる。また、これ以外にも、同様な接合部の構造であればあらゆる接合部分に利用できる。
【0028】
次に、本発明の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪の作用を説明する。
図3に示すように、仮止めリング17を介して引抜き防止機構13を収納した袋ナット7にパイプ18を挿入し、この状態で、パイプ18の先端面が接合部1内のパイプ当接部1eに突き当てるまで挿入し、袋ナット7を接合部1のおねじ部1dに螺合した後に、スパナ等の汎用工具により袋ナット7を接合させて、袋ナット7の回転進行方向の当接面11が外周締付部1bの胴着面10に胴着するまで締め込むと、袋ナット7が締め込まれることにより、接合部1の軸方向側に移動して、平座金16、止め輪本体14並びに皿ばね15より成る引抜き防止機構13が袋ナット7の内径端面により順次圧縮されて起き上がる。
【0029】
止め輪本体14は、皿ばね15と平座金16に挟圧されて平面状に変形してパイプ18に食込むが、変形後の保持爪20のパイプ18への総食込み量をパイプ肉厚総断面積の16〜22%とすると共に、保持爪20のパイプ18への総食込み弦長さをパイプ外周長さの35〜40%となるようにしているので、この総食込み比率によって異なるパイプ18の肉厚に対しても保持爪20によって保持する強度が最適なものとなり、また、総食込み弦比率を最適なものとしているため保持爪20への応力集中を防ぎながら締付けを行うことができ、パイプが抜出したり、或は締付け力が過大になってパイプ18が大きく変形する力が生じたりするおそれがなく、また止め輪本体が装着時に歪んだりすることもなく、Oリングにより常に高いシール性を維持しながら一定の強度によってパイプを接合することができる。
【0030】
このようにグリップ式接合によって締付けるようにしているので、グリップ継手とパイプの接合作業を容易でかつ低コストにて行うことができ、このときの締付け後の保持爪の総食込み量と総食込み弦長さを所定の範囲に設けるようにしているので、パイプの変形を防ぎつつ確実にパイプを保持することができる。
更には、従来の引抜き荷重に比して高い引抜き荷重を得ることができ、また、強度を十分に維持しつつ軽重量の締付けトルクによって止め輪本体14を起き上がらせることができる。
【0031】
また、図1に示すように、止め輪本体14の外周側を一様な真円度を呈する円形状に形成しているので、この止め輪本体14が起立したときに保持爪20を一様にパイプ18に食込ませることができ、パイプ18への食込み断面部分を均一に変形させた状態にすることができる。
【0032】
或は、図5において、止め輪本体24の外周側を内周側の保持爪25とこの保持爪25に挟まれた凹部26と一定の幅を呈する凹凸形状に形成するようにしているので、この止め輪本体24が起立した際には一様に変形し、保持爪25がパイプ18に食込んだ状態で引張り応力などの抵抗力が働いてもこの応力が一様に伝わることになり、特定の箇所に集中し難くなる。
【0033】
また、図6における止め輪本体30の外周側には、内周側の凹部から外周までの幅の略1/2のV字状の切欠部33を少なくとも2箇所以上設けるようにしているので、保持爪31に引張応力が掛かった状態から更に環境負荷や物理的な応力が外部から加わり、止め輪本体30を形成している材料の機械的特性以上の過大な応力が発生した際には、この切欠部33が破断して止め輪本体30の残留応力の歪や変形を阻止してパイプ18の抜け等を防ぐことができる。
【0034】
なお、保持爪の形状や数は変更することができ、例えば、図8及び図9に示すような形態に設けることが可能である。各止め輪本体40、42において、変形後の保持爪41、43のパイプへの総食込み量をパイプ肉厚総断面積の16〜22%、保持爪41、43のパイプへの総食込み弦長さをパイプ外周長さの35〜40%になるようにすれば、図のように止め輪本体40を小径パイプ用(図8はサイズ13用を示す)、止め輪本体42を大径パイプ用(図9はサイズ25用を示す)とすることができ、このように保持爪の形状や数を変更して異なるパイプ径などに対応させることができる。
【実施例】
【0035】
次に、本発明における薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪の実施例を説明する。本実施例においては図1における止め輪本体14を形成し、この止め輪本体14は、圧延された薄板材料にドーナツ状にプレス加工、又は、押出し或は引抜き加工にてチューブ状に成形した後に、薄肉状に切断加工して形成した。
この切断加工によって止め輪本体14の内周側の形状を一様な凹凸形状に形成し、この凹凸形状の各円弧の半径は、本実施例においては略3mm程度とし、凹部の半径を凸部(保持爪20)の半径より0〜0.5mm程度大きく形成している。
【0036】
保持爪20は、変形後におけるパイプへの総食込み量をパイプ肉厚総断面積の16〜22%、パイプへの総食込み弦長さをパイプ外周長さの35〜40%となる形状であるが、仮に、この各食込み比率よりも高い比率とした場合には、パイプ18への食込み量が増加するため、薄肉状の金属製パイプ18は大きく塑性変形して割れが生じるおそれがある。また、低い比率とした場合には、パイプ18の変形量は少なくなるが、保持爪20が確実に食込まなくなる。
また、図8及び図9のように異なるパイプ径に対応させるためには、このときの総食込み量及び総食込み弦長さが所定の値になるようにこの保持爪の数を決定するようにした。
【0037】
ここで、各保持爪20を形成時の外周側のアール状部分を外側アール部R、また、内周側のアール状部分を内側アール部rとし、外側アール部R<内側アール部rとすると、外側アール部Rが鋭角状になり、この状態でパイプ18に食込ませようとしたときに弦長さが小さくなろうとする力が働き、引抜き抵抗力が小さくなると共に、過大な変形によって破損するおそれがある。
【0038】
一方、外側アール部R>内側アール部rとすると、内側アール部rが鋭角状になり、このように内側アール部rが小さくなると、止め輪本体が起き上がろうとしたときに保持爪20にはパイプ18の食込む力の反発力が発生し、同時に内側アール部rに引張応力が発生して、この鋭角状の部分に応力集中して破損するおそれがある。
以上のことから、外側アール部Rと内側アール部rはできる限り同値に近づけることが望ましく、それぞれのアール部に働こうとする応力が均一化して機械的特性を安定させることができる。
【0039】
止め輪本体14の高さHは、保持爪20の凸状先端部20aを基準とし、内周側から外周側方向に任意の加工を施して決定するものとした。このときの凸状先端部20aから外周縁21までの高さHは、4〜5mm程度が望ましく、この高さHは袋ナット7に装着した場合でのネジ掛かり長さを最大としつつ、パイプ18の外径最大許容差に止め輪本体14の内周側の保持爪20を干渉させない最小値を考慮したものである。高さHが上記範囲より大きくなると止め輪本体14の潰し荷重値が大きくなることと、残留応力が引張り応力として荷重値が大きくなり、この残留応力値が止め輪本体14を形成している材料の材料特性値に対して大きくなり安全率が低下してしまうため、高さHを上記範囲内にすることによって残留応力値を抑制している。
【0040】
止め輪本体14を形成する材料としては、引張り強さを1400〜1700N/mm、伸びを13〜18%、ビッカース硬さ(Hv)を430〜450となるような材料特性の材料を用いるのがよい。このような材料特性によると保持爪20がパイプ18に確実に食込み、パイプ18を引抜く力が発生しても凸状先端部20aがせん断応力による破損や曲げ応力により変形により機能が低下することを防止することができる。さらに、材料自体が有するバネ特性により、止め輪本体14が起立した後の袋ナット7のネジ結合に対して発生する反発力(抵抗力)により、より一層ネジ結合力が向上し、袋ナット7に緩み防止効果を持たせることができる。
具体的には、例えば、オーステナイト鋼ステンレス鋼のバネ鋼を用いるものとし、例えば、SUS301,304,316のいずれかを用いて形成した。
【0041】
止め輪本体14、皿ばね15並びに平座金16は、それぞれ硬度差を有し、摩擦抵抗を小さくしており、皿ばね15は、止め輪本体14を変形させないために、止め輪本体14よりも硬度を小さくしており、皿ばねの材質をSUS304とし、硬度約Hv200として止め輪本体の約4/9程度の硬度とした。平座金16は、余分な荷重がかからない部品が好ましく、材質をSUS304とした。本例における三者の硬度差は、止め輪>皿ばね≧平座金の関係である。
【0042】
止め輪本体14をベンド加工により塑性加工した後には、任意の粒度を持つ研磨石にてショットピーニングを行い、ベンド加工により生じた引張りかつ圧縮残留応力を止め輪本体14の内周凹凸形状に拘わらず全て圧縮応力に制御するようにした。
これは、止め輪本体14を成形する場合に限らず、板材をベンド加工によって塑性加工を施した場合には材料内に応力が発生し、外部からの物理的な応力や環境変化に伴い歪や変形があらたに発生しやすくなっているためであり、ベンド加工の後に過大な応力(例えば、締付け時における保持爪を起立させるための応力)を負荷させると、残留応力に加算負荷されて、その材料の機械特性以上の応力が発生した場合、破損などにつながり、機能低下を招くことになる。
従って、残留応力を圧縮応力に制御することによってこれを防いでいる。
【0043】
なお、止め輪本体14の内周または外周に凹凸部がある場合には、凹部には引張残留応力、凸部には圧縮残留応力が発生しており、材料が持つ機械的特性により安全率を考慮してもこれらの残留応力によって不安定な状態となっている。
この残留応力は、熱処理することで除去することは可能ではあるが、この場合には、止め輪本体を形成するに望ましい強度や硬度の源となっている誘起マルテンサイト組織を分解してしまい、一般鋼の機械的特性まで低下してしまうためこの熱処理による除去は望ましくない。
そこで、残留応力を安定化させるべく、研磨石を止め輪本体の金属表面に約1時間半以上叩きつけることで一様でない凹凸部のような形状でもその全ての表面を圧縮残留応力に変態させることができ、これによって材料の安定化を図ると共に、この止め輪本体14を装着して締付けを行って起立させた状態でも強度的に安全率を維持することが可能となる。
【0044】
なお、▲1▼ナットのトルク値は、止め輪本体を起立させる際の潰し荷重に比例する。▲2▼潰し荷重は、止め輪本体の表面積が小さい方が同じ潰し荷重でも面圧力は大きくできる。▲3▼潰し荷重には保持爪がパイプの外表面に食込む際の荷重も含まれることから、パイプ外周前面で潰すのではなく、パイプ引抜き時の引抜き抵抗力を十分確保できる食込み量程度であれば良い。▲4▼止め輪の板厚も潰し荷重に比例することから、パイプの外表面に十分に食込む強度が必要となる。
以上の条件から、止め輪本体14を形成する材料の板厚については、1.0mmに近い厚さとした。
【0045】
ここで、サイズの異なる継手に使用可能な、径の異なる止め輪本体を実施例1〜6として設け、各実施例1〜6の爪食込比率(総食込み量A/パイプ肉厚総断面積Z)、及び爪食込弦比率(総食込弦比率B/パイプ外周長さL)を表1及び表2、また、この比較として比較例7〜11を設け、この比較例7〜11の爪食込比率、及び爪食込弦比率を表3及び表4にそれぞれ示し、パイプ装着後に引抜き試験を行ってこの最大引抜き荷重についてそれぞれ測定結果を示すと共に、パイプの変形状態を示した。なお、表中、サイズは装着するパイプ径(mm)を示し、このときのパイプの肉厚(mm)を管肉厚とした。また、保持爪の形状(爪形状)はこの爪の先端側のアール寸法と、形成した爪数をそれぞれ示し、パイプ肉厚総断面積を総断面積と記した。また、爪先端側の形状をアール面とせず、直線状としたものをフラットと記した。
【0046】
【表1】

Figure 0004198429
【0047】
【表2】
Figure 0004198429
パイプの変形量はNo.1〜No.6まで全て小
【0048】
【表3】
Figure 0004198429
【0049】
【表4】
Figure 0004198429
パイプの変形量はNo.7とNo.8は大、No.9は中、No.10とNo.11は小
【0050】
先ず、表3に示す比較例においては、No.10及び11のように、総食込み量Aがパイプ肉厚総断面積Zに対してこの総食込み比率(A/Z)が16%を下回る場合、保持爪をパイプに十分に食込ませることができず、パイプの引抜きに対する阻止力が低下して、パイプの引抜きに耐えることのできる荷重、すなわち引抜き荷重が低下する。また、No.7及び9のように、総食込み比率が22%を上回る場合には引抜き荷重は大きくはなるがパイプを過大に変形させてしまい、総食込み量Aである断面が不均一な肉厚となり、止め輪の保持爪が食込んだ部分のパイプ底部が破損する可能性が高くなる。
【0051】
また、表4に示す通り、No.9及びNo.11のように、パイプへの食込み部分の長さである総食込み弦長さBがパイプ外周長さLに対してこの総食込み弦比率(B/L)が35%を下回る場合、保持爪の強度が不足し、パイプに引抜き力が加わった場合に保持爪が破断し、引抜き荷重Nが低下する。また、No.7及び8の場合のように40%を上回る場合には、保持爪の強度が増すことによって引抜き荷重は大きくなるもののパイプを過大に変形させ、パイプ食込み量Aである断面が不均一な肉厚となり、止め輪の保持爪が食込んだ部分のパイプ底部が破損する可能性が高くなる。
【0052】
一方、表1、2に示す本発明品であるNo.1及びNo.6のように、変形後の保持爪のパイプへの総食込み比率が16〜22%、このときの総食込み弦比率が35〜40%にした場合にはパイプに十分に食込ませることによって引抜き阻止力を向上させ、また、パイプを変形させたり傷つけたりすることがなく、引抜き荷重も高くパイプを確実に接合することができた。更に、総食込み量及び総食込み弦長さの各割合は、継手サイズ13〜50Suに共通に採用することができた。
【0053】
なお、本実施例No.1及びNo.6においては保持爪の先端アール形状を3mmとしているが、このアール形状は2.5〜3.5mmの範囲であればよく、この範囲内であれば保持爪が止め輪本体の挟圧によって確実に起き上がり、パイプの表面に食込む際にはパイプを過大に変形させることなく均一に食込ませることができる。
【0054】
【発明の効果】
以上のことから明らかなように、本発明によると、グリップ式接合によって接合作業を簡易に行い、高い密封シール性を維持しつつ長期に渡って高いパイプの引抜き阻止力を発揮し、低コストで設けることができる薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪であり、変形後の止め輪のパイプ肉厚総断面積への保持爪の総食込み量の割合とパイプ外周長さへの保持爪の総食込み弦長さの割合をこの範囲内に設けることによって金属製パイプを確実に保持して変形や割れを防止することができる。
【0055】
請求項2及び3に係る発明によると、締付け時に均一的に変形させることができ、パイプの抜出し防止を維持すると共に、パイプの一部を大きく変形させたりすることのない薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪である。
【0056】
請求項4に係る発明によると、締付け時に過大な力が加わったとしても、無理に変形して変形後の形状が曲がったりすることがなく、確実に接合できる薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪である。
【0057】
請求項5に係る発明によると、上記のように様々な優れた効果を発揮できる止め輪を用いた継手構造であり、この継手構造は、上記の接合以外にも各種の接合に利用することのできる、薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪を用いた継手構造である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪の第1実施形態を示した正面図である。
【図2】図1の半截断面図である。
【図3】管継手の接合構造を示した断面図である。
【図4】図3の接合後の状態を示した断面図である。
【図5】本発明の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪の第2実施形態を示した正面図である。
【図6】本発明の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪の第3実施形態を示した正面図である。
【図7】本発明の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪の第4実施形態を示した正面図である。
【図8】サイズ13における本発明の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪の第1実施形態を示した正面図である。
【図9】サイズ25における本発明の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪の第1実施形態を示した正面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 接合部(継手部)
1a 接合本体(継手本体)
1dおねじ部
7 袋ナット
13 引抜き防止機構
14 止め輪本体
18 パイプ
20 保持爪
26 凹部
33 切欠部
A 総食込み量
B 総食込み弦長さ
L パイプ外周長さ
Z パイプ肉厚総断面積[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention attaches a metal pipe for flowing liquid or gaseous fluid to the joint or valve when connecting it to the joint or valve, and causes the inner peripheral side to bite into the pipe by screwing the joint and the cap nut. The present invention relates to a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint used for connecting the pipe and a joint structure using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various means are known for joining pipes. In particular, thin pipes such as JIS G3448 general-purpose stainless steel pipes and JWWA G115 stainless steel pipes for waterworks are used as joints. For joining, a rubber packing is pushed into the joint as the cap nut is tightened, and a joining method using an expansion / contraction flexible joint that keeps the sealing performance and provides the pipe with the internal parts to prevent it from coming out, or There is a joining method using a solder-type joint in which a pipe is inserted into a joint receiving port and solder is filled in a gap between the joint and the pipe. In these joining methods, rubber packing or solder is used at the time of joining.
[0003]
Also, a press type that inserts a pipe into the receiving port of a joint filled with an O-ring and presses the outer surface of the receiving port from the center of the insertion part to the receiving end using a press machine to join the joint and the pipe. A joining method using a joint or a joining method based on a pipe expansion method in which an end portion of a pipe is expanded and joined with a joint and a special nut is known.
[0004]
On the other hand, an annular biting member having a biting claw on the inner periphery is provided in the bag nut, and the biting claw of the biting member is bitten into the pipe by tightening the bag nut on the joint, thereby preventing the pipe from being pulled out. Grip-type joints (see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3404224 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-166252) have been proposed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the joints other than the grip type joint have respective features according to the size of the pipe diameter, the nature of the fluid, or the purpose of use, but skill is required for joining work between the joint joint and the pipe. Due to a mistake in the piping work, there have been problems such as the depipe phenomenon and the deterioration of the sealing performance, or the cost required for joining the joints.
[0006]
On the other hand, in the grip-type joining, the diaphragm washer in Japanese Patent No. 3404224 has a plurality of teeth in the circumferential direction by notching the inner periphery, and the arc-shaped portion on the tip side of the teeth is connected to the tube. Therefore, there is a problem in that the contact portion between the tooth portion and the tube becomes large and the tightening torque increases. Therefore, in the case of a metal tube in which the outer periphery is plastically deformed to be joined, tightening becomes difficult, and when this tooth part bites into the tube, the tube may be damaged. In the case of large plastic deformation, rust and corrosion pores may be generated in the plastically deformed flaw.
Since this throttle washer has a structure in which the ring portion on the outer edge side is narrowed, there is a problem that the outer peripheral ring portion may be deformed during tightening and the sealing performance cannot be maintained.
[0007]
In addition, the pipe grip disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-166252 is not clear in the amount of biting of the gripping claws into the pipe when the tightening nut is tightened, that is, when the pipe is plastically deformed by the gripping claws. The amount of plastic deformation in the area is not described. In this pipe grip, the inclination angle of the conical surface (the angle formed between the outer surface and the bottom surface) is formed to be 25 to 35 °, and the distance between a pair of opposing gripping claws is determined before the pipe grip is tightened. The appearance shape is determined, and the shape after the pipe grip is deformed is not clear.
[0008]
The shape of the gripping claw itself is the height of the gripping claw itself before deformation, that is, the distance from the outer edge of the pipe grip to the tip of the gripping claw, or the concave portion sandwiched between the gripping claw inner edge and the gripping claw. The amount of biting of the gripping claws after deformation of the pipe depends on the wall thickness of the pipe to be connected, even if it is set to a predetermined inclination angle etc. The strength obtained by the gripping claws after tightening may not be constant. Therefore, depending on the shape of the gripping claw, there is a case where the pipe cannot be reliably joined when it is bitten into the metal pipe.
[0009]
In particular, when the strength of the gripping claws is weak, there is a risk that when the pulling force is generated in the pipe, the gripping claws are deformed by shear fracture or the like and the pipe holding state cannot be maintained, and the pipe may come out of the joint. is there.
Conversely, if the gripping claws are too strong, the gripping claws will not bite into the pipe and the compression force from the cap nut will continue to be applied as it is, and the tightening force will be excessive, and the gripping claws will not rise, or However, even if the gripping claws bite into the pipe, the amount of biting increases, resulting in a large amount of deformation of the pipe. In some cases, a large biting force acts on a specific gripping nail, and the thin wall portion of the pipe may be broken.
[0010]
The present invention solves the problems at the time of conventional joining. The purpose of the present invention is to facilitate the joining work of a joint and a metal pipe, to have a good hermetic seal, and to pull out a pipe. This is a low-cost pipe retaining ring for thin-walled pipe joints that can reliably perform its function over a long period of time, and can be joined without being deformed or cracked while securely holding the pipe. An object of the present invention is to provide a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the inner periphery is deformed by being sandwiched and deformed by a joint portion of a joint body such as a joint and a cap nut that can be screwed into the joint portion. The total amount of biting of the retaining claws after deformation into the pipe retaining ring for thin-walled pipe joints in which the holding claws formed integrally on the side are bitten into the outer peripheral surface of the pipe and connected to this pipe Is a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint in which the total length of the chord of the holding claws in the pipe is 35 to 40% of the outer peripheral length of the pipe.
[0012]
The invention according to claim 2 is a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint in which the outer peripheral side is formed in a circular shape exhibiting uniform roundness.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 3 is a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint that is formed in a concave and convex shape having a certain width with a holding claw on the outer peripheral side on the inner peripheral side and a concave portion sandwiched between the holding claw.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 4 is a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint in which at least two or more V-shaped notches having a width from the concave portion on the inner peripheral side to the outer periphery are provided on the outer peripheral side.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 5 uses a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint for the pull-out prevention mechanism in a joint structure in which a member to be joined containing the pull-out prevention mechanism is screwed and fixed to the thread portion of the joint body. It is a joint structure.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a joint structure of pipe joints. Reference numeral 1 denotes a joint part (joint part) which is a pipe connection part provided in a joint body (joint body) 1a such as a joint for joints or a valve body. The joint portion 1 has an outer periphery tightening portion 1b and is provided with male screw portions 1c and 1d which are screw portions at both ends thereof.
In the joint structure in the present embodiment, a cap nut 7 which is a member to be joined that houses a pull-out prevention mechanism 13 to be described later is screwed and fixed to the male thread 1d of the joint body 1a. The male screw portion 1c may have the same screw structure as that of the male screw portion 1d, or may have the same joint structure as that of the present example, or may be pipe-connected by other joining means.
[0017]
The pipe retaining ring main body 14 is accommodated in the joint main body 1a at the time of tightening, is fitted on the outer periphery of the metal pipe 18, and can be screwed to the joint 1 of the joint main body 1a. The pipe 18 is connected by being plastically deformed so that the holding claw 20 formed integrally with the inner peripheral side of the retaining ring main body 14 is bitten into the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 18 by being sandwiched and deformed by the cap nut 7.
[0018]
At this time, the retaining ring body 14 for the thin-walled thin pipe joint has a total bite amount A (of each holding claw 20 of the holding claw 20) as shown in FIG. The total area of biting into the pipe 18) is set to 16 to 22% of the total cross-sectional area Z of the pipe thickness, and the total chord length B of the holding claws 20 into the pipe 18 (the holding claws 20 into the pipe 18) The total length of the biting string) was set to 35 to 40% of the outer peripheral length L of the pipe. Note that the biting string length is the length of the line of intersection between the holding claw 20 bitten into the pipe and the outer periphery of the pipe 18, and the position of the line of intersection is drawn to the pipe 18 connected to the joining body 1 a. This is the position where the shearing force applied to the holding claws 20 is concentrated when force is applied.
[0019]
The retaining ring main body 14 of FIG. 1 is provided with a circular shape having a uniform roundness on the outer peripheral side, but the outer peripheral side of the retaining ring main body 24 is arranged on the inner periphery as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. You may make it form in the uneven | corrugated shape which exhibits the fixed holding claw 25 and the recessed part 26 pinched | interposed into this holding claw 25, and a fixed width | variety.
[0020]
In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, at least two V-shaped notches 33 having a width of approximately ½ from the inner peripheral recess 32 to the outer periphery are provided on the outer peripheral side of the retaining ring body 30. I am trying to provide it. The V-notch-shaped notch 33 is formed by punching or cutting with a press at a V-shaped angle of about 30 to 90 °, and the spring characteristics of the retaining ring body 30 before tightening the cap nut 7 are improved. Has no effect. Further, the notch 33 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the retaining ring main body 30 and has no cut on the inner peripheral side. Therefore, when the retaining ring is processed into a tapered shape for easy insertion of the pipe 18, the retaining ring When the pipe 18 is inserted by attaching the retaining ring main body 30 to the cap nut 7, it is provided so that the axis of the pipe 18 is aligned.
At this time, the clearance between the prepared hole diameter of the female screw 7b of the cap nut 7 and the outer diameter of the retaining ring body 30 is preferably in the range of about 0 to 0.5 mm. This range can be used in common for joint sizes of 13 to 50 Su, and if it is 0.5 mm or more, the retaining ring will spread outward when the retaining ring is raised, and a cross-sectional area for biting into the pipe 18 will be secured. Becomes difficult. Further, if there is no gap at all, the retaining ring is difficult to stand up, so 0.2 mm is particularly preferable.
[0021]
In order to increase the pull-out prevention force of the pipe 18, the amount of biting into the pipe 18 and the biting cross-sectional area of the holding claw 20 are ensured. However, if the amount of deformation of the pipe 18 after tightening is excessively large, this depression The corners of the ridges become acute angles, the generation and residual stress concentrate, and breakage due to time cracking and stress corrosion cracking is likely to occur. In addition, when the outer diameter tolerance of the pipe 18 is taken into account, there is a problem that the roundness is lost and the pipe 18 is deformed into an irregular shape.
On the other hand, when it is desired to reduce the tightening torque value of the cap nut 7 with respect to the pipe 18, it is necessary to reduce the amount of deformation of the pipe 18 without biting the holding claws 20 as much as possible.
Although these are contradictory, when the retaining ring body 30 is provided with the V-notch-shaped notch 33 and the crushing load value necessary for raising the retaining ring body 30 is exceeded, the generated stress is concentrated in the V-notch shape. However, at least one breakage can reduce the crushing load value, and at the same time, the problem of damaging the circular shape and the roundness due to the breakage is that the diameter of the pilot hole of the female screw 7b of the cap nut 7 and the outside of the retaining ring body 30 By keeping the circular shape and roundness by the diameter gap, the minimum amount of biting of the holding claw 31 (the amount of deformation of the pipe) is suppressed. As a result, the roundness of the pipe 18 is prevented from being deformed, the pipe 18 is prevented from being cracked, and the pipe 18 can be shaped so as to bite into the pipe 18 in a point contact manner with an arbitrary arc in order to generate a large resistance. Become.
[0022]
In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the retaining ring main body 34 has at least two or more mountain-shaped protrusions 36, 36 formed on the convex tip portion 35 a of the holding claw 35. The radius of the curved shape of the projection 36 is provided to be substantially equal, and the projection 36 is provided on the tip side of the holding claw 35 in this way to form an uneven portion, and the tip side of the holding claw 35 is on the surface of the pipe 18. Even if a thrust load is received in the process in which the holding claws 35 stand up when biting in, the load is dispersed and applied to the convex tip portion 35, and an anti-slip effect with the pipe 18 can be obtained.
[0023]
Here, in the joint part 1 to which the pipe retaining ring of the present invention is attached, as shown in FIG. 1, a confirmation seal ring (on the mounting surface or groove-like attachment part 2 provided at the back side position of the screw part 1d is provided. In this example, an O-ring) 3 is mounted, and a plurality (three in this example) of confirmation holes 4 for visual confirmation or leakage confirmation are formed radially in the thick part of the external thread 1d. A stepped portion 5 is formed on the outer end surface of the threaded portion 1d, and a notched taper portion (range of about 5 to 30 degrees) 6 is formed on the inner end surface.
The confirmation hole 4 is provided so that its long side coincides with the pipe contact portion 1e of the joint portion 1, and the pipe tip portion is provided so as to be surely visible.
[0024]
The cap nut 7 forms a tapered portion 8a as shown in FIG. 4 or a mounting step (not shown) on the inner periphery of the pipe insertion hole 7a side (rear end side). A seal member (O-ring in this example) 9 is attached. Further, the front end of the cap nut 7 is provided with an abutment surface 11 to be attached to the body attachment surface 10 provided on the outer periphery tightening portion 1b of the joint portion 1. A joint step 12 is provided for hermetically sealing the aforementioned confirmation seal ring 3 and confirming the tightening work when screwed.
[0025]
The pull-out prevention mechanism 13 built in the position of the female screw portion 7b of the cap nut 7 includes a retaining ring body 14, a disc spring 15, and a plain washer 16. The pull-out prevention mechanism 13 is temporarily fixed to the female screw portion 7b. The resin temporary fixing ring 17 is stored and held in the cap nut 7. The temporary fixing ring 17 does not apply excessive pressing force to the disc spring 15 or the like when the cap nut 7 is joined to the joint portion 1 so that deformation or damage of the disc spring 15 or the like does not occur. Then, it is stored in the step portion 5.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 3, the retaining ring main body 14 has an inner peripheral side directed toward the joint portion 1 and an outer peripheral side disposed behind the cap nut 7 when the cap nut 7 is not tightened without applying an external force. The disc spring 15 is attached in an inclined state toward the end side, while being inclined in the opposite direction to the retaining ring main body 14. Further, the flat washer 16 is in contact with the thrust surface 7 c of the cap nut 7 and exhibits a thrust washer function and a holding function for holding the O-ring 9.
[0027]
In addition, the pipe retaining ring for thin-walled pipe joints of the present invention can be joined with a pipe connection part of a valve body such as a ball valve, a gate valve, or a globe valve as a joint part, and has the same structure as that applied to the above joint. It has a structure and can be assembled in the same way as a joint. In addition to this, the present invention can be used for any joint portion as long as it has a similar joint portion structure.
[0028]
Next, the operation of the pipe retaining ring for a thin wall joint of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the pipe 18 is inserted into the cap nut 7 containing the pull-out prevention mechanism 13 via the temporary fixing ring 17, and in this state, the tip end surface of the pipe 18 is a pipe contact portion in the joint 1. 1e is inserted, and the cap nut 7 is screwed into the male thread portion 1d of the joint portion 1, and then the cap nut 7 is joined by a general-purpose tool such as a spanner, so that the cap nut 7 is brought into contact with the rotation direction. When the surface 11 is tightened until it is seated on the waist surface 10 of the outer periphery tightening portion 1b, the cap nut 7 is tightened to move to the axial direction side of the joint portion 1, and the plain washer 16 and the retaining ring main body 14 are moved. At the same time, the pull-out prevention mechanism 13 including the disc spring 15 is sequentially compressed by the inner diameter end face of the cap nut 7 and rises.
[0029]
The retaining ring main body 14 is sandwiched between the disc spring 15 and the flat washer 16 and deforms into a flat shape and bites into the pipe 18. The total amount of biting into the pipe 18 of the retaining claws 20 after deformation is calculated as the total pipe thickness. Since the total chord length of the holding claws 20 into the pipe 18 is set to 35 to 40% of the pipe outer peripheral length, the pipe 18 varies depending on the total biting ratio. The strength retained by the retaining claws 20 is optimal for the wall thickness of the material, and since the total bite string ratio is optimized, tightening can be performed while preventing stress concentration on the retaining claws 20, There is no risk that the pipe will be pulled out, or there will be no risk of the pipe 18 being greatly deformed due to excessive tightening force, and the retaining ring body will not be distorted at the time of mounting. It can be joined to the pipe by a constant intensity while maintaining.
[0030]
Since tightening is performed by grip type joining in this way, the joining work of the grip joint and the pipe can be performed easily and at a low cost. Since the length is provided within a predetermined range, the pipe can be reliably held while preventing deformation of the pipe.
Furthermore, it is possible to obtain a higher pulling load than the conventional pulling load, and it is possible to raise the retaining ring body 14 with a light weight tightening torque while maintaining sufficient strength.
[0031]
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, since the outer peripheral side of the retaining ring main body 14 is formed in a circular shape exhibiting a uniform roundness, the retaining claws 20 are made uniform when the retaining ring main body 14 stands up. Can be caused to bite into the pipe 18, and the biting cross section of the pipe 18 can be uniformly deformed.
[0032]
Alternatively, in FIG. 5, the outer peripheral side of the retaining ring main body 24 is formed in a concave and convex shape having a certain width with the holding claw 25 on the inner peripheral side and the concave portion 26 sandwiched between the holding claw 25. When the retaining ring main body 24 stands up, it deforms uniformly, and even if a resistance force such as a tensile stress is applied with the holding claw 25 biting into the pipe 18, this stress is transmitted uniformly. It becomes difficult to concentrate on a specific part.
[0033]
In addition, since at least two V-shaped notches 33 having a width of approximately ½ from the concave portion on the inner peripheral side to the outer periphery are provided on the outer peripheral side of the retaining ring main body 30 in FIG. When an environmental load or physical stress is further applied from the outside from the state in which the holding claws 31 are subjected to tensile stress, and excessive stress exceeding the mechanical characteristics of the material forming the retaining ring body 30 is generated, This notch 33 can be broken to prevent distortion and deformation of the residual stress of the retaining ring body 30 and prevent the pipe 18 from coming off.
[0034]
Note that the shape and number of the holding claws can be changed. For example, the holding claws can be provided in the form shown in FIGS. In each retaining ring body 40, 42, the total amount of biting into the pipe of the holding claws 41, 43 after deformation is 16 to 22% of the total cross-sectional area of the pipe thickness, and the total biting length of the holding claws 41, 43 into the pipe If the length is 35 to 40% of the outer peripheral length of the pipe, the retaining ring body 40 is for a small diameter pipe (FIG. 8 shows a size 13) and the retaining ring body 42 is for a large diameter pipe as shown in the figure. (FIG. 9 shows a size 25), and the shape and number of the holding claws can be changed in this way to correspond to different pipe diameters.
【Example】
[0035]
Next, an example of a pipe retaining ring for a thin wall joint according to the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, the retaining ring main body 14 shown in FIG. 1 is formed, and this retaining ring main body 14 is formed into a tube shape by pressing, extruding, or drawing into a rolled sheet material. It was formed by cutting into a thin wall.
By this cutting process, the inner peripheral side shape of the retaining ring main body 14 is formed into a uniform concavo-convex shape, and the radius of each arc of the concavo-convex shape is approximately 3 mm in this embodiment, and the radius of the concave portion is the convex portion. It is formed about 0 to 0.5 mm larger than the radius of the (holding claw 20).
[0036]
The holding claw 20 has a shape in which the total amount of biting into the pipe after deformation is 16 to 22% of the total cross-sectional area of the pipe thickness, and the total biting length of the pipe is 35 to 40% of the pipe outer peripheral length However, if the ratio is higher than the respective biting ratios, the amount of biting into the pipe 18 increases, so that the thin-walled metal pipe 18 may be greatly plastically deformed and cracked. Further, when the ratio is low, the deformation amount of the pipe 18 is reduced, but the holding claws 20 are not surely bitten.
In order to correspond to different pipe diameters as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the number of holding claws is determined so that the total biting amount and the total biting chord length at this time become predetermined values. did.
[0037]
Here, when the holding claws 20 are formed, the outer radius portion R is the outer radius portion R, the inner radius portion is the inner radius portion r, and the outer radius portion R <the inner radius portion r. The outer rounded portion R has an acute angle, and when trying to bite into the pipe 18 in this state, a force to reduce the chord length works, the pulling resistance force is reduced, and damage is caused by excessive deformation. There is a risk.
[0038]
On the other hand, if the outer radius portion R> the inner radius portion r, the inner radius portion r becomes an acute angle, and when the inner radius portion r becomes smaller in this manner, the retaining claw 20 is piped when the retaining ring body is about to rise. A repulsive force of 18 biting force is generated, and at the same time, a tensile stress is generated in the inner rounded portion r, and there is a possibility that the stress is concentrated on the acute angle portion and is broken.
From the above, it is desirable that the outer rounded portion R and the inner rounded portion r be as close to each other as possible, and the stress that acts on each rounded portion can be made uniform to stabilize the mechanical characteristics.
[0039]
The height H of the retaining ring main body 14 is determined by performing arbitrary processing from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side with reference to the convex tip 20a of the holding claw 20 as a reference. At this time, the height H from the convex tip 20a to the outer peripheral edge 21 is desirably about 4 to 5 mm, and this height H maximizes the screw-hanging length when the bag nut 7 is mounted. The minimum value that does not cause the retaining ring 20 on the inner peripheral side of the retaining ring body 14 to interfere with the maximum outer diameter tolerance of 18 is considered. When the height H is larger than the above range, the crushing load value of the retaining ring body 14 is increased, and the residual stress is increased as a tensile stress, and the residual stress value is a material forming the retaining ring body 14. Therefore, the residual stress value is suppressed by setting the height H within the above range.
[0040]
As a material for forming the retaining ring main body 14, the tensile strength is 1400 to 1700 N / mm. 2 It is preferable to use a material having material characteristics such that the elongation is 13 to 18% and the Vickers hardness (Hv) is 430 to 450. According to such a material characteristic, even if the holding claw 20 surely bites into the pipe 18 and a force for pulling out the pipe 18 is generated, the function of the convex tip portion 20a is deteriorated due to breakage due to shear stress or deformation due to bending stress. Can be prevented. Further, due to the spring characteristic of the material itself, the screw coupling force is further improved by the repulsive force (resistance force) generated against the screw coupling of the cap nut 7 after the retaining ring body 14 is erected, and the cap nut 7 Can have a loosening prevention effect.
Specifically, for example, austenitic stainless steel spring steel is used, and for example, any one of SUS301, 304, and 316 is used.
[0041]
The retaining ring main body 14, the disc spring 15 and the flat washer 16 have a difference in hardness and have a small frictional resistance, and the disc spring 15 is less than the retaining ring main body 14 in order not to deform the retaining ring main body 14. The hardness was reduced, the material of the disc spring was SUS304, the hardness was about Hv200, and the hardness of the retaining ring body was about 4/9. The flat washer 16 is preferably a part that does not receive an extra load, and the material is SUS304. The three hardness differences in this example are the relationship of the retaining ring> the disc spring ≧ the plain washer.
[0042]
After the retaining ring body 14 is plastically processed by bend processing, shot peening is performed with a grinding stone having an arbitrary particle size, and the tensile and compressive residual stress generated by the bending process is related to the inner circumferential uneven shape of the retaining ring body 14. All were controlled to compressive stress.
This is not limited to the case where the retaining ring main body 14 is formed, and stress is generated in the material when the plate material is subjected to plastic working by bend processing. This is because deformation is more likely to occur, and if excessive stress is applied after bend processing (for example, stress for raising the holding claws during tightening), it is added to the residual stress and If a stress exceeding the mechanical properties of the material is generated, it will lead to breakage and the like, leading to functional degradation.
Therefore, this is prevented by controlling the residual stress to compressive stress.
[0043]
If there is an uneven portion on the inner or outer periphery of the retaining ring body 14, tensile residual stress is generated in the concave portion and compressive residual stress is generated in the convex portion, and the safety factor is increased by the mechanical characteristics of the material. Even if it is taken into consideration, it is in an unstable state due to these residual stresses.
This residual stress can be removed by heat treatment, but in this case, the induced martensite structure that is the source of strength and hardness desirable for forming the retaining ring body is decomposed, Removal by this heat treatment is not desirable because it degrades the mechanical properties of general steel.
Therefore, in order to stabilize the residual stress, the entire surface is transformed into a compressive residual stress even if the shape is not uniform, by hitting a grinding stone against the metal surface of the retaining ring body for about one and a half hours. As a result, the material can be stabilized, and the safety factor can be maintained in strength even when the retaining ring body 14 is mounted and tightened to stand up.
[0044]
(1) The nut torque value is proportional to the crushing load when the retaining ring main body is raised. (2) As for the crushing load, the smaller the surface area of the retaining ring body, the larger the surface pressure can be even with the same crushing load. (3) Since the crushing load includes the load when the holding claw bites into the outer surface of the pipe, it is not crushed on the front surface of the outer periphery of the pipe. I need it. (4) Since the thickness of the retaining ring is proportional to the crushing load, it is necessary to have sufficient strength to bite into the outer surface of the pipe.
From the above conditions, the plate thickness of the material forming the retaining ring main body 14 was set to a thickness close to 1.0 mm.
[0045]
Here, retaining ring main bodies having different diameters that can be used for joints having different sizes are provided as Examples 1 to 6, and the nail biting ratios of each Example 1 to 6 (total bite amount A / total thickness of pipe wall) Z), and the nail biting string ratio (total biting string ratio B / pipe outer circumference length L) are shown in Tables 1 and 2, and Comparative Examples 7 to 11 are provided as comparisons. The nail biting ratio and the nail biting string ratio are shown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively. A pull-out test was performed after the pipe was mounted, the measurement results were shown for the maximum pull-out load, and the deformation state of the pipe was shown. In the table, the size indicates the pipe diameter (mm) to be mounted, and the thickness (mm) of the pipe at this time is defined as the tube thickness. Further, the shape of the holding claw (claw shape) indicates the rounded dimension on the tip side of the claw and the number of claw formed, and the total cross-sectional area of the pipe thickness is described as the total cross-sectional area. Moreover, what made the shape of the nail | tip nail | claw side the straight surface instead of the round surface was described as flat.
[0046]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004198429
[0047]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004198429
The amount of deformation of the pipe is no. 1-No. Small up to 6
[0048]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004198429
[0049]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004198429
The amount of deformation of the pipe is no. 7 and no. 8 is large, no. No. 9 is the middle. 10 and no. 11 is small
[0050]
First, in the comparative example shown in Table 3, No. When the total bite amount A (A / Z) is less than 16% with respect to the total thickness Z of the pipe thickness as in 10 and 11, the holding claws can be sufficiently bitten into the pipe. Inability to prevent the pipe from being pulled out decreases, and the load capable of withstanding the pipe drawing, that is, the pulling load decreases. No. When the total biting ratio exceeds 22% as in 7 and 9, the pulling load increases, but the pipe is excessively deformed, and the cross-section with the total biting amount A becomes uneven and the thickness is stopped. The possibility that the bottom of the pipe where the holding claw of the ring has engulfed is damaged is increased.
[0051]
In addition, as shown in Table 4, No. 9 and no. 11, when the total biting string length B which is the length of the biting portion into the pipe is less than 35% of the total biting string length (B / L) with respect to the pipe outer peripheral length L, When the strength is insufficient and a pulling force is applied to the pipe, the holding claws are broken and the pulling load N is reduced. No. When it exceeds 40% as in the case of 7 and 8, the pulling load increases due to the increase in the strength of the holding claws, but the pipe is excessively deformed and the cross-section of the pipe biting amount A is not uniform. Thus, there is a high possibility that the pipe bottom portion where the retaining claw of the retaining ring has bitten is damaged.
[0052]
On the other hand, as shown in Tables 1 and 2, No. 1 and no. As shown in Fig. 6, when the total biting ratio of the deformed holding claws into the pipe is 16 to 22% and the total biting string ratio at this time is 35 to 40%, the pipe is sufficiently pulled into the pipe. The stopping power was improved, the pipe was not deformed or damaged, and the pulling load was high, so that the pipe could be securely joined. Furthermore, each ratio of the total bite amount and the total bite string length could be commonly used for the joint sizes of 13 to 50 Su.
[0053]
In this Example No. 1 and no. In FIG. 6, the round shape of the tip of the holding claw is 3 mm. However, this round shape may be in the range of 2.5 to 3.5 mm, and within this range, the holding claw is surely secured by the clamping pressure of the retaining ring body. When getting up and biting into the surface of the pipe, the pipe can be bitten uniformly without excessive deformation.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above, according to the present invention, the joining operation is easily performed by grip type joining, and a high pipe pull-out preventing force is demonstrated over a long period of time while maintaining a high hermetic sealing property, and at a low cost. This is a pipe retaining ring for thin-walled pipe joints that can be provided, the ratio of the total amount of retaining claws to the total thickness of the pipe wall of the retaining ring after deformation, and the total biting length of the retaining claws to the outer circumference of the pipe By providing the ratio within this range, the metal pipe can be securely held and deformation and cracking can be prevented.
[0055]
According to the inventions according to claims 2 and 3, the pipe stopper for the thin-walled pipe joint that can be uniformly deformed at the time of tightening, maintains the prevention of the extraction of the pipe, and does not greatly deform a part of the pipe. It is a ring.
[0056]
According to the invention of claim 4, even if an excessive force is applied during tightening, the pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint that can be reliably joined without being deformed forcibly and bent after deformation. .
[0057]
The invention according to claim 5 is a joint structure using a retaining ring capable of exhibiting various excellent effects as described above, and this joint structure can be used for various joints in addition to the above joints. This is a joint structure using a pipe retaining ring for thin-walled pipe joints.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to the present invention.
2 is a half-sectional view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint structure of pipe joints.
4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state after joining in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a front view showing a second embodiment of a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing a third embodiment of a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing a fourth embodiment of a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to the present invention.
8 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to the present invention in size 13. FIG.
9 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to the present invention in size 25. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Joint (joint)
1a Joint body (joint body)
1d male thread
7 Cap nut
13 Pull-out prevention mechanism
14 Retaining ring body
18 pipes
20 Holding claws
26 recess
33 Notch
A total food consumption
B Total chord length
L Pipe outer circumference length
Z Pipe wall thickness total cross section

Claims (5)

パイプの外周に嵌装され、継手等の接合本体の接合部とこの接合部に螺合可能な袋ナットによって挟持変形して内周側に一体に形成した保持爪をパイプの外周面に食い込ませてこのパイプを接続するようにした薄板環形状の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪において、変形後の保持爪のパイプへの総食込み量をパイプ肉厚総断面積の16〜22%とすると共に、保持爪のパイプへの総食込み弦長さをパイプ外周長さの35〜40%としたことを特徴とする薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪。A holding claw, which is fitted on the outer periphery of the pipe and is integrally formed on the inner peripheral side by sandwiching and deforming a joint portion of a joint body such as a joint and a cap nut that can be screwed into the joint portion, bites into the outer peripheral surface of the pipe. In the pipe retaining ring for thin pipe joints in the shape of a thin plate ring to which the lever pipe is connected, the total amount of biting into the pipe of the holding claws after deformation is set to 16 to 22% of the total cross-sectional area of the pipe thickness, A pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint, characterized in that the total biting length of the holding claws into the pipe is 35 to 40% of the outer peripheral length of the pipe. 外周側を一様な真円度を呈する円形状に形成した請求項1記載の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪。The pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral side is formed in a circular shape exhibiting uniform roundness. 外周側を内周側の保持爪と、この保持爪に挟まれた凹部と一定の幅を呈する凹凸形状に形成した請求項1記載の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪。The pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral side is formed into a concave and convex shape having a certain width with a holding claw on the inner peripheral side and a concave portion sandwiched between the holding claw. 外周側に内周側の凹部から外周までの幅の略1/2のV字状の切欠部を少なくとも2箇所以上設けた請求項1乃至3の何れか1項に記載の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪。The thin-walled pipe for pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least two V-shaped notches having a width of approximately ½ from the inner peripheral side recess to the outer periphery are provided on the outer peripheral side. Retaining ring. 接合本体のねじ部に、引抜き防止機構を収納した被接合部材を螺合して締付け固定した継手構造において、引抜き防止機構に請求項1乃至4の何れか1項の薄肉管継手用パイプ止め輪を用いた継手構造。The pipe retaining ring for a thin-walled pipe joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the joint structure in which a member to be joined containing a pull-out prevention mechanism is screwed and fixed to a threaded portion of a joint body, the pull-out prevention mechanism is used as the thin pipe joint ring. Joint structure using
JP2002282235A 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Pipe retaining ring for thin-walled pipe joint and joint structure using the same Expired - Lifetime JP4198429B2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010261554A (en) * 2009-05-11 2010-11-18 Bridgestone Corp Lock ring for pipe joint and pipe joint
WO2018011906A1 (en) * 2016-07-13 2018-01-18 井上スダレ株式会社 Pipe joint
CN111868430B (en) * 2018-03-26 2023-03-31 株式会社开滋Sct Locking device for pipe joint and valve joint part

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