JP4192421B2 - Heater - Google Patents

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JP4192421B2
JP4192421B2 JP2000395612A JP2000395612A JP4192421B2 JP 4192421 B2 JP4192421 B2 JP 4192421B2 JP 2000395612 A JP2000395612 A JP 2000395612A JP 2000395612 A JP2000395612 A JP 2000395612A JP 4192421 B2 JP4192421 B2 JP 4192421B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
temperature
exchange bag
compartment
liquid
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JP2000395612A
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JP2002191690A (en
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輝明 竹嶋
朋広 成沢
雅昭 田中
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Ube Corp
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Ube Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、透析液等の液体を所定温度域まで加温する加温器に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、例えば透析用監視装置や持続的血液濾過装置等に代表される血液浄化装置に用いられる加温器においては、以下のようなものが知られている。
【0003】
即ち、その内部にヒータを有する本体部と、同本体部に対して開閉可能な蓋部材とからその基本的概要が構成されており、少なくとも本体部の蓋部材側には、ヒータの熱を伝導する加温面が設けられている。そして、前記加温面には、透析液回路を有するとともに、透析液の出口管及び入口管を備える熱交換バッグが取り付けられている。
【0004】
一方、前記熱交換バッグの出口及び入口に対応する位置には、温度センサが取着されている。前記温度センサは、熱交換バッグに接触して、熱交換バッグ内を流通する透析液の温度を検出するようになっている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記した加温器には、前記熱交換バッグに密着し、蓋部材が閉鎖状態の際に、熱交換バッグの透析液回路を外部から視認可能とする透明な合成樹脂製の透視窓板を蓋部材に設けたものもある。前記透視窓板は、その内部が充填された一枚の板状に形成されている場合がある。このとき熱交換バッグは透視窓板を介して外気の影響を比較的受け易く、また、前記透視窓板に取着されていた温度センサも、透視窓板を介して外気の影響を比較的受け易いと考えられる。
【0006】
そこで、例えば、外気の温度が低い場合等でも、ヒータの加温をさらに効率的に行い、また透視窓板に取着されていた温度センサにてさらに正確な液温を検出を行うために以下のように構成することが考えられる。
【0007】
即ち、前記透視窓板を2枚の透明板で形成して、所謂2重構造とし、熱交換バッグ側(即ち内側)に位置する透明板に温度センサを取付け、両透明板間に空気が密封された又は真空状態にされた断熱空間を形成する。このようにすれば、前記断熱空間により、熱交換バッグは保温効果が高められ、透析液の加温を効率的に行うことが可能となる。
【0008】
しかし、透明板間に形成された断熱空間では、熱交換バッグ側と外気との温度差により空気の対流が発生し易く、温度分布にばらつきが生じることが想定され得る。この結果、温度センサが実際の熱交換バッグを流通する透析液の温度を低めに検出する場合が考えられ、さらに優れた液体の温度検出を行う方法が求められている。
【0009】
本発明は上記した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、外気の影響を受けることなく、正確な温度検出及び正確な温度制御を行うことができる加温器を提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1に記載の発明は、液体の流通を許容する熱交換バッグと、同熱交換バッグに接触して、液体を加温する加温手段と、熱交換バッグの反加温手段側を覆う被覆部材と、同被覆部材に取着され、熱交換バッグ内の液体の温度を検出する温度検出手段とを備えた加温器において、前記被覆部材は、その内部に外気の影響を抑制するための断熱空間を備えるとともに、前記断熱空間における温度検出手段と対応する部位を区画された区画室とし、区画室外の他の断熱空間とは独立させたことを要旨とする。
【0011】
請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1において、前記区画室の温度検出手段に相対する側面側の面積は、温度検出手段が占める取付面積よりも僅かに広くして形成されていることを要旨とする。
【0012】
請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1又は請求項2において、前記区画室及び温度検出手段は、少なくとも熱交換バックにおける液体が導出される出口近傍に対応して設けられていることを要旨とする。
【0013】
請求項4に記載の発明は、請求項1乃至請求項3のうちいずれか1項において、前記断熱空間を区画する部屋の熱交換バッグに相対する側の面は、熱交換バッグに係る流体の流通路全体を少なくとも被覆可能な広さに形成されていることを要旨とする。
【0014】
(作用)
請求項1の発明によれば、被覆部材の断熱空間において温度検出手段と対応する部位は区画された区画室されているため、温度検出手段に対しては、区画室において発生する流体の対流の悪影響はない。このため、たとえ外気の温度が低く、区画室内において対流が発生しやすい状況下であっても温度検出手段は熱交換バッグ内の液体の温度を正確に検出する。
【0015】
請求項2の発明によれば、区画室における温度検出手段に対応する側面側の面積を温度検出手段が占める取付面積よりも僅かに広くすることで、前記区画室の面積を温度検出手段の取付面積よりも小さく形成する場合と異なり、外気の影響を受けないで、且つ区画室内における対流の影響を無視した温度検出が効果的に実現される。
【0016】
請求項3の発明によれば、区画室及び温度検出手段は、少なくとも熱交換バッグの出口近傍に対応して設けられているため、使用される液体の温度に最も近い液温が検出され、加温手段による正確な温度制御が容易に可能とされる。
【0017】
請求項4の発明によれば、前記断熱空間を区画する部屋は、すなわち、区画室及び区画室以外の他の部屋の断熱空間は、熱交換バッグの一側面側において流通路全体を覆う。従って、熱交換バッグ内の液体は外気の影響を受けない。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を血液浄化装置用の加温器に具体化した一実施形態を図1〜図4に従って説明する。
【0019】
なお、本実施形態では、図1における正面側を前とし、右方を右、左方を左とし、紙面裏側を後とする。
図1は、本実施形態における加温器11を示す斜視図である。加温器11は、扁平箱状に形成された本体部12、加温手段としてのヒータ13、温度検出手段としての第1及び第2温度センサ14,15、透視窓板16、及び蓋部材17等から構成されている。なお、前記透視窓板16及び蓋部材17にて被覆部材が構成されている。
【0020】
前記加温器11は、血液浄化装置を構成する透析用監視装置18の側面に配設されている。透析用監視装置18は、一人の腎不全患者に対して一台使用されるものであって、加温器の加温状態や、透析液を送出するための各ポンプの作動状態等を監視操作するための装置である。そして、透析用監視装置18には状態表示及び状態設定用のディスプレイ19aを有する操作装置19等が設けられている。そして、前記ディスプレイ19aに対して画面タッチすることにより、その画面表示に従って加温器11に対する温度設定等が可能になっている。尚、透析用監視装置18は本発明の要旨ではないため、その詳細な説明は省略する。
【0021】
図2に示すように、前記加温器11における本体部12の内部には、加温面21を有するヒータ13が設けられており、前記加温面21は前記本体部12の側面と同一平面上に設置されている。即ち、前記加温面21は本体部12の右側面の一部をなしている。前記本体部12の右側面における前記加温面21の上方及び下方には、複数の位置決め用の突起22が設けられている。また、前記本体部12の右側面における加温面21の前方には、後述する熱交換バッグ28の入口管29と出口管30に対する位置決め用の固定部材23が上下にそれぞれ1個ずつ設けられている。前記固定部材23は、断面略コ字状に形成され、前後方向に延びる位置決め溝24を備えている。
【0022】
また、本体部12の前面上部には、後述する第1温度センサ14の検出結果に基づいた温度表示をするための表示部25が設けられている。
図2及び図3に示すように、前記本体部12の右側面側には、その内部に流通路としての透析液回路27を有する熱交換バッグ28が取付けられている。前記熱交換バッグ28には、その側部に入口管29及び出口管30が設けられているとともに、上部及び下部に複数の貫通孔31が設けられている。そして、前記入口管29及び出口管30が本体部12側における固定部材23の位置決め溝に係合され、前記貫通孔31が本体部12側の突起22に係入されることにより、熱交換バッグ28は本体部12に対して着脱可能に装着されている。
【0023】
また、前記入口管29及び出口管30は熱交換バッグ28における透析液回路27に連通している。従って、液体としての透析液は、熱交換バッグ28の上流側に設けられた図示しない透析液供給ポンプから入口管29を介して導入され、透析液回路27を通過して出口管30から外部へ導出されるようになっている。そして、前述した本体部12側におけるヒータ13の加温面21は熱交換バッグ28の透析液回路27に適した広さに形成されている。
【0024】
図1及び図4に示すように、蓋部材17は、前記本体部12に対してヒンジ34を介して横開き形態で開閉可能に連結されている。前記蓋部材17は方形箱蓋状に形成されており、その略中央部には窓口35が形成されている。前記窓口35は前記熱交換バッグ28の透析液回路27の視認に適した広さに形成されており、窓口35には、第1及び第2温度センサ14,15が設けられた透視窓板16がビス止め固定されている。前記蓋部材17の前面側には、施錠部材36が設けられている。前記本体部12の前面側における施錠部材36に相対した位置には、キャッチャ37が設けられており、蓋部材17を本体部12に対して閉鎖した状態で、前記施錠部材36をキャッチャ37に係合することにより、蓋部材17は閉鎖位置にて固定保持される。そして、蓋部材17が閉鎖位置にされた際には、前記透視窓板16は熱交換バッグ28に密着するようになっている。
【0025】
ここで、透視窓板16について詳しく説明する。
前記透視窓板16は、図2に示すように、窓口35側(右側)の外板41と、熱交換バッグ28側(左側)の内板42とから構成されているとともに、両板41,42により所謂二重構造とされている。外板41及び内板42は共に例えばポリカーボネイド等の透光性を有する合成樹脂や透明性を有するガラス等にて形成されている。
【0026】
前記外板41は図2及び図4に示すように平板状の遮断部41aと、外周枠41bと、仕切壁41cとから構成されており、前記遮断部41a、外周枠41b、及び仕切壁41cは一体成形されている。前記外周枠41bは遮断部41aの周縁に沿って、内板42側(左側)に突出形成されている。仕切壁41cは、前記外板41の前部における上下両隅に内板42側(左側)に突出形成されている。仕切壁41cはL字状に形成され、その両端部は外周枠41bに連結している。
【0027】
内板42は、略平板状に形成され、外板41に対しては、接着固定されている。内板42の前側上下両隅部には、第1及び第2温度センサ14、15の大きさに適した取付部42aが凹設されており、同取付部42aは外板41側(右側)と遮断されていてもよく、連通してもよい。そして、前記取付部42aには、それぞれ第1及び第2温度センサ14,15が取着されており、前記両センサ14,15は熱交換バッグ28側(左側)に僅かに突出している。
【0028】
この結果、透視窓板16には、前記外板41の遮断部41a、外周枠41bと内板42にて囲まれた断熱空間43が形成されている。また、断熱空間43における第1及び第2温度センサ14,15に対応した部位には、外板41の遮断部41a、外周枠41b、仕切壁41cと内板42にて囲まれた区画室44が形成されている。すなわち、断熱空間43は仕切壁41cにより、区画室44に係る断熱空間43aと、他の部屋に係る断熱空間43bとに区画されおり、両者43a,43bは互いに独立している。そして、区画室44の大きさ(容量)は断熱空間43a内に存在する空気(流体)の対流の影響を無視可能な大きさとされている。なお、区画室44の断熱空間43aは、外部と遮断されていることが好ましい。また、前記区画室44及び第1及び第2温度センサ14,15は、蓋部材17にて被覆された位置に配置されている。即ち、同蓋部材17が本体部12に対して閉鎖された際は、外部から、区画室44及び第1及び第2温度センサ14,15は、窓口35を介しても視認不能にされている。
【0029】
また、断熱空間43における熱交換バッグ28に相対する側(左側)の面積は、熱交換バッグ28の透析液回路27を全体的に被覆可能な大きさに形成されている。このため、断熱空間43は透析液回路27を流通する透析液を好適に保温可能とするようになっている。また、前記区画室44の両温度センサ14,15に相対する側面側の面積は、第1及び第2温度センサ14,15が占める取付面積よりも僅かに広くして形成されている。尚、本実施形態において、前記「僅か」とは、前記区画室44のセンサ14,15に相対する側面側(左側)の面積がセンサ14、15が占める取付面積以下になることなく、且つ空気の対流が無視できる範囲を示す。
【0030】
前記第1及び第2温度センサ14,15は、測定対象(本実施形態では熱交換バッグ28)と同一の温度にしてその温度を検出する接触式の温度センサとされている。そして、蓋部材17が閉鎖された状態では、前記第1及び第2温度センサ14,15は、熱交換バッグ28に接触するようになっている。また、第1及び第2温度センサ14,15は、前記蓋部材17の閉鎖状態においては、熱交換バッグ28における透析液回路27の入口及び出口付近に対応するように配置されている。
【0031】
次に上記のように構成された加温器11の作用について説明する。
まず、熱交換バッグ28が本体部12に取着され、蓋部材17が閉鎖セットされた状態において、図示しない透析液供給ポンプから供給される透析液が前記入口管29を介して前記バッグ28内に導入される。そして、前記透析液が透析液回路27を通過する間に、加温面21に密着した熱交換バッグ28を介して透析液はヒータ13よって加温される。そして、加温された透析液は出口管30から外部へ導出される。
【0032】
このとき、本体部12側の表示部25には、熱交換バッグ28に密着する第1温度センサ14にて、出口管30へ導出される透析液の液温が表示される。また、熱交換バッグ28に密着する第2温度センサ15にて、熱交換バッグ28に導入される液温が検出される。このとき、図示しない制御装置側では、透析用監視装置18の操作装置19にて設定される透析液の目標温度と、第2温度センサ15から検出された検出結果とからヒータ13への加温の制御を行う。加温器11は、熱交換バッグ28の温度を30〜40℃の温度範囲に制御できることが好ましい。加温器11は、液体の流通を許容する熱交換バッグと、同熱交換バッグに接触して、液体を加温する加温手段と、熱交換バッグの反加温手段側を覆う透視可能な窓を有する被覆部材と、同被覆部材に取付けされ、熱交換バッグ内の液体の温度を検出する温度検出手段を備えた加温器。
【0033】
さて、例えば、冬場等にように、熱交換バッグ28内を流れる透析液と外気の温度差は著しく異なってくる場合を想定する。このとき、透視窓板16に密着する熱交換バッグ28には、前記透視窓板16を介して外気の低い温度が伝導される。しかし、空気層である断熱空間43を有する透視窓板16が、熱交換バッグ28の一側面側から透析液回路27を全体的に覆う。このため、熱交換バッグ28の保温効果は高められ、ヒータ13にて好適な加温が行われる。
【0034】
一方、透視窓板16の断熱空間43では、熱交換バッグ28側と外部との温度差により、空気の対流が発生する。このとき、第1及び第2温度センサ14,15は、断熱空間43における仕切壁41cにて囲まれた区画室44に対応して設けられている。そして、区画室44の大きさ(容量)は断熱空間43a内に存在する空気(流体)の対流の影響を無視可能な大きさとされ、すなわち、断熱空間43bでの空気の対流と異なり、区画室44内において、断熱空間43aで発生する空気の対流は温度センサ14,15の温度検出に影響しない程度となっている。従って、第1及び第2温度センサ14,15は、対流の影響によって熱交換バッグ28を流通する液温を低めに検出することなく、正確な温度測定がなされる。また、前記透視窓板16における区画室44(第1及び第2温度センサ14,15)に対応する部位は、蓋部材17と相対した際に、窓口35より縁側に位置している。この結果、区画室44(第1及び第2温度センサ14,15)は、外部から視認不能になるように蓋部材17にて覆われているため、蓋部材17を介してさらに外気の影響は低減される。
【0035】
従って、上記実施形態によれば、以下のような効果を得ることができる。
(1)上記実施形態では、熱交換バッグ28内の透析液の温度を検出するための第1及び第2温度センサ14,15は、透視窓板16の断熱空間43における仕切壁41cにて囲まれた区画室44に対応して設けられていた。このため、第1及び第2温度センサ14,15の温度検出に対して、空気層である区画室44の保温効果にて外気の影響を抑制できるとともに、区画室44の断熱空間43aは断熱空間43bと比して小空間であり、区画室内44はその内部で発生する空気の対流の影響を無視できる大きさとされている。従って、熱交換バッグ28内の液温の正確な温度検出を行うことができ、さらにこの正確な温度検出にて正確な温度制御ができる。
【0036】
(2)上記実施形態では、区画室44におけるセンサ14,15に相対する側面側(左側)の面積を、第1及び第2温度センサ14,15が占める取付け面積より僅かに広く形成した。このため、前記区画室44のセンサ14,15側(左側)の面積を前記センサ14,15が占める取付面積よりも狭く形成する場合と異なり、温度センサ14,15が仕切壁41cを介して伝導される外気の熱の影響を受けることはない。従って、温度センサ14,15に対して外気の影響を受けさせずに、且つ対流の影響を無視させることの効果的な両立を可能とし、最も正確に温度検出ができる。
【0037】
(3)上記実施形態では、第1温度センサ14は熱交換バッグ28における出口近傍に対応するように設けられていたため、第1温度センサ14の検出結果が視認可能な表示部25では、使用される液温に最も近い温度を表示できる。
【0038】
(4)上記実施形態では、第1温度センサ14に加えて、熱交換バッグ28の入り口近傍に対応するように第2温度センサ15を設けたため、同第2温度センサ15にて熱交換バッグ28に導入される液温が検出される。従って、制御装置側では、設定される透析液の目標温度と、実際に導入される液温の差が判断可能となり、ヒータ13による加温の調整が正確にできる。
【0039】
(5)上記実施形態では、透視窓板16の断熱空間43は、熱交換バッグ28の一側面側から透析液回路27を全体的に覆っていた。このため、熱交換バッグ28内の透析液に対して保温性を良好にでき、外気の影響を受けることなく効率よく加温を行うことができると共に、余分な加温を加える必要がなくなるため、ヒータ13の節電もできる。
【0040】
(6)上記実施形態では、第1及び第2温度センサ14,15が位置する区画室44を、外部から視認不能になるように蓋部材17にて覆っているため、同蓋部材17を介してさらに外気の影響を抑制でき、熱交換バッグ28内の液温の正確な温度検出に寄与する。
【0041】
なお、上記実施形態は以下のように変更してもよい。
・上記実施形態では、温度センサ14,15を熱交換バッグ28における入り口近傍と出口近傍に設けたが、出口近傍に第1温度センサ14のみを設けてもよい。この場合は、区画室44も第1温度センサ14に対応した透視窓板16の上隅部に1つだけ設けられる。このようにしても第1温度センサ14の検出結果により温度制御は可能である。
【0042】
・上記実施形態では、断熱空間43における熱交換バッグ28側(左側)の面積は、透析液回路27全体を被覆するように形成されていたが、熱交換バッグ28の一側面側において透析液回路27の一部分のみを覆うように形成してもよい。又、前記断熱空間43の面積を熱交換バッグの透視窓板16側の面積と実質的にほぼ同じに形成してもよい。
【0043】
・上記実施形態では、区画室44における温度センサ14,15に相対する側面側(左側)の面積は、温度センサ14,15が占める取付面積よりも僅かに広くして形成したが、前記区画室44におけるセンサ14,15に相対する側面側(左側)の面積をセンサ14,15のが占める取付面積よりも狭くして形成してもよい。なお、このとき区画室44の大きさ(容量)が空気の対流を無視できる大きさに形成されることは勿論である。
【0044】
・上記実施形態では、区画室44には空気の断熱層が形成されていたが、区画室44を真空にしてもよい。このようにすれば、区画室44内での僅かな空気の対流も発生しない。
【0045】
・上記実施形態では、蓋部材17に透明な透視窓板16をセットして、透視窓板16に断熱空間43及び区画室44を形成したが、蓋部材17自体を透明な窓部材として、同蓋部材17に断熱空間43及び区画室44を形成してもよい。このようにした場合は、蓋部材17が被覆部材となる。
【0046】
次に、上記実施形態及び各別例から把握できる技術的思想について、それらの効果と共に以下に記載する。
(1)請求項1乃至請求項4のうちいずれか1項に記載の加温器において、前記区画室及び温度検出手段は、さらに液体バック内へ液体が導入される入口近傍に対応して設けられている加温器。このようにすれば、さらに使用する液体の温度制御を最適に行うことができる。
【0047】
(2)請求項1乃至請求項4及び前記技術的思想(1)のうちいずれか1項に記載の加温器において、被覆部材は、蓋部材と前記断熱空間を有する窓部材を含み、前記断熱空間における区画室は、前記蓋部材にて外部から視認不能なように被覆されている加温器。このようにすれば、区画室を外部から視認不能になるように蓋部材にて覆っているため、同蓋部材を介してさらに外気の影響を抑制でき、温度検出手段にて、さらに正確な温度検出ができる。本実施形態に置いて、前記窓部材は透視窓板16に相当する。
【0048】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、請求項1の発明によれば、外気の影響を受けることなく、正確な温度検出及び正確な温度制御を行うことができる。
【0049】
請求項2の発明によれば、請求項1の発明の効果に加えて、区画室の温度検出手段に相対する側面側の面積を温度検出手段が占める取付面積よりも僅かに広くすることで、最も正確に温度検出を行うことができる。
【0050】
請求項3の発明によれば、請求項1又は請求項2の発明の効果に加えて、区画室及び温度検出手段は、最も液体の温度を検出する必要がある熱交換バッグの出口近傍に対応して設けられているため、加温手段による正確な温度制御ができる。
【0051】
請求項4の発明によれば、請求項1乃至請求項3のうちいずれか1項の発明の効果に加えて、前記断熱空間を区画する部屋は、熱交換バッグの一側面側において流通路全体を覆うため、熱交換バッグ自体も外気の影響を受けず、効果的な加温ができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本実施形態における加温器を示す斜視図。
【図2】同じく加温器を示す断面図。
【図3】同じく蓋部材を開いた状態の本体部側を示す側面図。
【図4】同じく蓋部材を開いた状態の蓋側を示す側面図。
【符号の説明】
13…ヒータ(加温手段)、14…第1温度センサ(温度検出手段)、15…第2温度センサ(温度検出手段)、16…透視窓板(被覆部材)、17…蓋部材(被覆部材)、27…透析液回路(流通路)、28…熱交換バッグ、43…断熱空間、44…区画室。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heater that heats a liquid such as dialysate to a predetermined temperature range.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, the following are known in the warmer used in blood purification apparatuses represented by, for example, a dialysis monitoring apparatus and a continuous blood filtration apparatus.
[0003]
That is, the basic outline is composed of a main body portion having a heater therein and a lid member that can be opened and closed with respect to the main body portion, and at least the lid member side of the main body portion conducts heat of the heater. A heating surface is provided. The heating surface is provided with a heat exchange bag having a dialysate circuit and a dialysate outlet pipe and an inlet pipe.
[0004]
On the other hand, temperature sensors are attached at positions corresponding to the outlet and the inlet of the heat exchange bag. The temperature sensor is in contact with the heat exchange bag and detects the temperature of the dialysate flowing through the heat exchange bag.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the above-mentioned heater is in close contact with the heat exchange bag, and when the lid member is closed, a transparent synthetic resin see-through window plate that allows the dialysate circuit of the heat exchange bag to be visually recognized from the outside. There are also those provided with a lid member. The see-through window plate may be formed in a single plate shape filled inside. At this time, the heat exchange bag is relatively easily affected by the outside air through the transparent window plate, and the temperature sensor attached to the transparent window plate is also relatively affected by the external air through the transparent window plate. It is considered easy.
[0006]
Therefore, for example, even when the temperature of the outside air is low, the heater is heated more efficiently, and the temperature sensor attached to the fluoroscopic window plate is used to detect the liquid temperature more accurately. It is conceivable to configure as follows.
[0007]
That is, the transparent window plate is formed of two transparent plates to form a so-called double structure, and a temperature sensor is attached to the transparent plate located on the heat exchange bag side (that is, inside), and air is sealed between the transparent plates. Forming a heat-insulated space that has been evacuated or vacuumed. If it does in this way, the heat insulation effect is heightened by the said heat insulation space, and it will become possible to heat a dialysate efficiently.
[0008]
However, in the heat insulating space formed between the transparent plates, air convection is likely to occur due to the temperature difference between the heat exchange bag side and the outside air, and it can be assumed that the temperature distribution varies. As a result, it is conceivable that the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the dialysate flowing through the actual heat exchange bag at a lower level, and a method for detecting the temperature of the liquid better is required.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a warmer that can perform accurate temperature detection and accurate temperature control without being affected by outside air. .
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention described in claim 1 covers the heat exchange bag that allows the liquid to flow, the heating means that contacts the heat exchange bag and heats the liquid, and the anti-warming means side of the heat exchange bag. In a warmer provided with a covering member and a temperature detecting means attached to the covering member and detecting the temperature of the liquid in the heat exchange bag, the covering member suppresses the influence of outside air inside thereof. And a part corresponding to the temperature detecting means in the heat insulation space is defined as a partitioned compartment, and is made independent of other heat insulation spaces outside the compartment.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the area of the side surface of the compartment facing the temperature detecting means is slightly larger than the mounting area occupied by the temperature detecting means. The gist.
[0012]
A third aspect of the present invention is that, in the first or second aspect, the compartment and the temperature detection means are provided corresponding to at least the vicinity of the outlet from which the liquid in the heat exchange bag is led out. And
[0013]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the surface on the side facing the heat exchange bag of the room defining the heat insulation space is a surface of the fluid related to the heat exchange bag. The gist of the present invention is that the entire flow passage is formed to have at least a covering area.
[0014]
(Function)
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the portion corresponding to the temperature detection means in the heat insulating space of the covering member is a partitioned compartment, the temperature detection means is free from the convection of the fluid generated in the compartment. There is no adverse effect. For this reason, even if the temperature of the outside air is low and convection is likely to occur in the compartment, the temperature detection means accurately detects the temperature of the liquid in the heat exchange bag.
[0015]
According to the invention of claim 2, the area of the side surface corresponding to the temperature detecting means in the compartment is slightly larger than the mounting area occupied by the temperature detecting means, so that the area of the compartment is attached to the temperature detecting means. Unlike the case where the area is smaller than the area, temperature detection is effectively realized without being influenced by outside air and ignoring the influence of convection in the compartment.
[0016]
According to the invention of claim 3, since the compartment and the temperature detecting means are provided corresponding to at least the vicinity of the outlet of the heat exchange bag, the liquid temperature closest to the temperature of the liquid to be used is detected and added. Accurate temperature control by the temperature means is easily enabled.
[0017]
According to invention of Claim 4, the room which divides the said heat insulation space, ie, the heat insulation space of rooms other than a compartment and a compartment, covers the whole flow path in the one side surface side of a heat exchange bag. Therefore, the liquid in the heat exchange bag is not affected by the outside air.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a warmer for a blood purification apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, the front side in FIG. 1 is the front, the right side is the right, the left side is the left, and the back side of the paper is the rear.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a heater 11 in the present embodiment. The warmer 11 includes a main body 12 formed in a flat box shape, a heater 13 as a heating means, first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 as temperature detection means, a see-through window plate 16, and a lid member 17. Etc. The see-through window plate 16 and the lid member 17 constitute a covering member.
[0020]
The warmer 11 is disposed on the side surface of the dialysis monitoring device 18 constituting the blood purification device. One dialysis monitoring device 18 is used for one patient with renal failure, and monitors the warming state of the heater, the operating state of each pump for delivering dialysate, and the like. It is a device for doing. The dialysis monitoring device 18 is provided with an operating device 19 having a display 19a for status display and status setting. By touching the display 19a with the screen, the temperature setting for the heater 11 can be performed according to the screen display. Since the dialysis monitoring device 18 is not the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 2, a heater 13 having a heating surface 21 is provided inside the main body 12 in the warmer 11, and the heating surface 21 is flush with the side surface of the main body 12. It is installed on the top. That is, the heating surface 21 forms a part of the right side surface of the main body 12. A plurality of positioning projections 22 are provided above and below the heating surface 21 on the right side surface of the main body 12. Further, in front of the heating surface 21 on the right side surface of the main body 12, one fixing member 23 for positioning the inlet tube 29 and the outlet tube 30 of the heat exchange bag 28 to be described later is provided one above the other. Yes. The fixing member 23 includes a positioning groove 24 that is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section and extends in the front-rear direction.
[0022]
In addition, a display unit 25 for displaying a temperature based on a detection result of a first temperature sensor 14 to be described later is provided on the front upper portion of the main body unit 12.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a heat exchange bag 28 having a dialysate circuit 27 serving as a flow path is attached to the right side of the main body 12. The heat exchange bag 28 is provided with an inlet pipe 29 and an outlet pipe 30 at its side, and a plurality of through holes 31 at the upper and lower parts. The inlet pipe 29 and the outlet pipe 30 are engaged with the positioning groove of the fixing member 23 on the main body portion 12 side, and the through hole 31 is engaged with the protrusion 22 on the main body portion 12 side. 28 is detachably attached to the main body 12.
[0023]
The inlet pipe 29 and the outlet pipe 30 communicate with a dialysate circuit 27 in the heat exchange bag 28. Accordingly, the dialysate as a liquid is introduced from a dialysate supply pump (not shown) provided on the upstream side of the heat exchange bag 28 via the inlet pipe 29, passes through the dialysate circuit 27, and is discharged from the outlet pipe 30 to the outside. Has been derived. The heating surface 21 of the heater 13 on the main body 12 side described above is formed in a size suitable for the dialysate circuit 27 of the heat exchange bag 28.
[0024]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the lid member 17 is connected to the main body portion 12 through a hinge 34 so as to be openable and closable in a laterally open manner. The lid member 17 is formed in a rectangular box lid shape, and a window 35 is formed at a substantially central portion thereof. The window 35 is formed in a size suitable for visual recognition of the dialysate circuit 27 of the heat exchange bag 28, and the window 35 is provided with the first and second temperature sensors 14, 15. Is fixed with screws. A locking member 36 is provided on the front side of the lid member 17. A catcher 37 is provided at a position facing the locking member 36 on the front side of the main body 12, and the locking member 36 is engaged with the catcher 37 in a state where the lid member 17 is closed with respect to the main body 12. By joining, the lid member 17 is fixedly held in the closed position. When the lid member 17 is set to the closed position, the transparent window plate 16 is brought into close contact with the heat exchange bag 28.
[0025]
Here, the transparent window plate 16 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 2, the transparent window plate 16 includes an outer plate 41 on the window 35 side (right side) and an inner plate 42 on the heat exchange bag 28 side (left side). 42 is a so-called double structure. Both the outer plate 41 and the inner plate 42 are made of, for example, a transparent synthetic resin such as polycarbonate or a transparent glass.
[0026]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the outer plate 41 includes a flat blocking portion 41a, an outer peripheral frame 41b, and a partition wall 41c. The blocking portion 41a, the outer frame 41b, and the partition wall 41c. Is integrally molded. The outer peripheral frame 41b is formed to protrude on the inner plate 42 side (left side) along the periphery of the blocking portion 41a. The partition wall 41 c is formed so as to protrude toward the inner plate 42 (left side) at the upper and lower corners of the front portion of the outer plate 41. The partition wall 41c is formed in an L shape, and both ends thereof are connected to the outer peripheral frame 41b.
[0027]
The inner plate 42 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape, and is bonded and fixed to the outer plate 41. Mounting portions 42a suitable for the sizes of the first and second temperature sensors 14, 15 are recessed in the upper and lower corners on the front side of the inner plate 42, and the mounting portion 42a is on the outer plate 41 side (right side). It may be shut off or communicated. The first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 are attached to the mounting portion 42a, respectively, and both the sensors 14 and 15 slightly protrude toward the heat exchange bag 28 (left side).
[0028]
As a result, the see-through window plate 16 is formed with a heat insulating space 43 surrounded by the blocking portion 41 a of the outer plate 41, the outer peripheral frame 41 b and the inner plate 42. Further, in a portion corresponding to the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 in the heat insulating space 43, a compartment 44 surrounded by the blocking portion 41 a of the outer plate 41, the outer peripheral frame 41 b, the partition wall 41 c and the inner plate 42. Is formed. That is, the heat insulating space 43 is partitioned by the partition wall 41c into a heat insulating space 43a related to the partition chamber 44 and a heat insulating space 43b related to another room, and the both 43a and 43b are independent from each other. The size (capacity) of the compartment 44 is set such that the influence of convection of air (fluid) existing in the heat insulating space 43a can be ignored. In addition, it is preferable that the heat insulation space 43a of the compartment 44 is interrupted | blocked from the exterior. The compartment 44 and the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 are arranged at positions covered by the lid member 17. That is, when the lid member 17 is closed with respect to the main body 12, the compartment 44 and the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 are not visible from the outside through the window 35. .
[0029]
Further, the area of the heat insulating space 43 on the side (left side) facing the heat exchange bag 28 is formed to have a size that can cover the dialysate circuit 27 of the heat exchange bag 28 as a whole. For this reason, the heat insulation space 43 can suitably keep the temperature of the dialysate flowing through the dialysate circuit 27. Further, the area of the side surface of the compartment 44 facing both the temperature sensors 14 and 15 is formed to be slightly larger than the mounting area occupied by the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15. In the present embodiment, the term “slight” means that the area of the side surface (left side) facing the sensors 14 and 15 of the compartment 44 does not fall below the mounting area occupied by the sensors 14 and 15 and air The range where the convection of can be ignored.
[0030]
The first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 are contact-type temperature sensors that detect the temperature at the same temperature as the measurement object (in this embodiment, the heat exchange bag 28). When the lid member 17 is closed, the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 are in contact with the heat exchange bag 28. The first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 are arranged so as to correspond to the vicinity of the inlet and outlet of the dialysate circuit 27 in the heat exchange bag 28 when the lid member 17 is closed.
[0031]
Next, the operation of the warmer 11 configured as described above will be described.
First, in a state in which the heat exchange bag 28 is attached to the main body 12 and the lid member 17 is closed and set, dialysate supplied from a dialysate supply pump (not shown) passes through the inlet pipe 29 and enters the bag 28. To be introduced. Then, while the dialysate passes through the dialysate circuit 27, the dialysate is heated by the heater 13 through the heat exchange bag 28 that is in close contact with the heating surface 21. The heated dialysate is led out from the outlet pipe 30.
[0032]
At this time, the temperature of the dialysate led out to the outlet pipe 30 is displayed on the display unit 25 on the main body 12 side by the first temperature sensor 14 that is in close contact with the heat exchange bag 28. Further, the temperature of the liquid introduced into the heat exchange bag 28 is detected by the second temperature sensor 15 that is in close contact with the heat exchange bag 28. At this time, on the control device (not shown), the heater 13 is heated from the target temperature of the dialysate set by the operating device 19 of the dialysis monitoring device 18 and the detection result detected from the second temperature sensor 15. Control. It is preferable that the heater 11 can control the temperature of the heat exchange bag 28 in a temperature range of 30 to 40 ° C. The heater 11 can be seen through to cover the heat exchange bag that allows the liquid to flow, the heating means that contacts the heat exchange bag and heats the liquid, and the anti-warming means side of the heat exchange bag. A heater having a covering member having a window, and a temperature detecting means attached to the covering member and detecting the temperature of the liquid in the heat exchange bag.
[0033]
Now, for example, a case is assumed where the temperature difference between the dialysate flowing in the heat exchange bag 28 and the outside air is significantly different, such as in winter. At this time, a low temperature of the outside air is conducted through the transparent window plate 16 to the heat exchange bag 28 that is in close contact with the transparent window plate 16. However, the see-through window plate 16 having the heat insulating space 43 that is an air layer entirely covers the dialysate circuit 27 from one side of the heat exchange bag 28. For this reason, the heat retention effect of the heat exchange bag 28 is enhanced, and the heater 13 is suitably heated.
[0034]
On the other hand, in the heat insulating space 43 of the transparent window plate 16, air convection occurs due to a temperature difference between the heat exchange bag 28 side and the outside. At this time, the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 are provided corresponding to the compartment 44 surrounded by the partition wall 41 c in the heat insulating space 43. The size (capacity) of the compartment 44 is such that the influence of convection of air (fluid) existing in the heat insulation space 43a is negligible, that is, unlike the air convection in the heat insulation space 43b, 44, the air convection generated in the heat insulating space 43a does not affect the temperature detection of the temperature sensors 14 and 15. Accordingly, the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 can accurately measure the temperature without detecting the temperature of the liquid flowing through the heat exchange bag 28 under the influence of convection. Further, the portion of the see-through window plate 16 corresponding to the compartment 44 (first and second temperature sensors 14, 15) is located on the edge side of the window 35 when facing the lid member 17. As a result, the compartment 44 (the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15) is covered with the lid member 17 so as to be invisible from the outside. Reduced.
[0035]
Therefore, according to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In the above embodiment, the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 for detecting the temperature of the dialysate in the heat exchange bag 28 are surrounded by the partition wall 41 c in the heat insulating space 43 of the transparent window plate 16. The corresponding compartment 44 was provided. For this reason, with respect to the temperature detection of the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15, the influence of outside air can be suppressed by the heat retaining effect of the compartment 44 which is an air layer, and the heat insulation space 43a of the compartment 44 is a heat insulation space. Compared to 43b, the space is small, and the compartment 44 has such a size that the influence of air convection generated therein can be ignored. Therefore, accurate temperature detection of the liquid temperature in the heat exchange bag 28 can be performed, and more accurate temperature control can be performed by this accurate temperature detection.
[0036]
(2) In the above embodiment, the area on the side surface (left side) facing the sensors 14 and 15 in the compartment 44 is formed slightly larger than the mounting area occupied by the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15. Therefore, unlike the case where the area of the compartments 44 on the side of the sensors 14 and 15 (left side) is smaller than the mounting area occupied by the sensors 14 and 15, the temperature sensors 14 and 15 are conducted through the partition wall 41c. Will not be affected by the heat of the outside air. Therefore, the temperature sensors 14 and 15 are effectively unaffected by the outside air and can be effectively balanced by neglecting the influence of convection, and the temperature can be detected most accurately.
[0037]
(3) In the above embodiment, since the first temperature sensor 14 is provided so as to correspond to the vicinity of the outlet in the heat exchange bag 28, the first temperature sensor 14 is used in the display unit 25 where the detection result of the first temperature sensor 14 can be visually recognized. The temperature closest to the liquid temperature can be displayed.
[0038]
(4) In the above embodiment, since the second temperature sensor 15 is provided so as to correspond to the vicinity of the entrance of the heat exchange bag 28 in addition to the first temperature sensor 14, the second temperature sensor 15 uses the heat exchange bag 28. The liquid temperature introduced into is detected. Therefore, on the control device side, the difference between the set target temperature of the dialysate and the actually introduced liquid temperature can be determined, and the warming adjustment by the heater 13 can be accurately performed.
[0039]
(5) In the above embodiment, the heat insulating space 43 of the see-through window plate 16 entirely covers the dialysate circuit 27 from one side of the heat exchange bag 28. For this reason, heat retention can be improved with respect to the dialysate in the heat exchange bag 28, and it can be efficiently heated without being affected by outside air, and it is not necessary to add extra heating. The power of the heater 13 can also be saved.
[0040]
(6) In the above embodiment, the partition chamber 44 in which the first and second temperature sensors 14 and 15 are located is covered with the lid member 17 so as to be invisible from the outside. In addition, the influence of the outside air can be further suppressed, which contributes to accurate temperature detection of the liquid temperature in the heat exchange bag 28.
[0041]
In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.
In the above embodiment, the temperature sensors 14 and 15 are provided in the vicinity of the inlet and the outlet of the heat exchange bag 28, but only the first temperature sensor 14 may be provided in the vicinity of the outlet. In this case, only one compartment 44 is provided at the upper corner of the transparent window plate 16 corresponding to the first temperature sensor 14. Even in this way, temperature control is possible based on the detection result of the first temperature sensor 14.
[0042]
In the above embodiment, the area on the heat exchange bag 28 side (left side) in the heat insulating space 43 is formed so as to cover the entire dialysate circuit 27, but the dialysate circuit on one side of the heat exchange bag 28 27 may be formed so as to cover only a part of 27. Further, the area of the heat insulating space 43 may be formed substantially the same as the area of the heat exchange bag on the side of the transparent window plate 16.
[0043]
In the above embodiment, the area on the side surface (left side) opposite to the temperature sensors 14 and 15 in the compartment 44 is formed slightly larger than the mounting area occupied by the temperature sensors 14 and 15. The area on the side surface (left side) opposite to the sensors 14 and 15 in 44 may be formed narrower than the mounting area occupied by the sensors 14 and 15. In addition, of course, the size (capacity) of the compartment 44 is of course formed so that the convection of air can be ignored.
[0044]
In the above embodiment, the heat insulating layer of air is formed in the compartment 44, but the compartment 44 may be evacuated. In this way, slight air convection in the compartment 44 does not occur.
[0045]
In the above embodiment, the transparent see-through window plate 16 is set on the lid member 17 and the heat insulating space 43 and the compartment 44 are formed on the see-through window plate 16, but the lid member 17 itself is used as a transparent window member. The heat insulating space 43 and the compartment 44 may be formed in the lid member 17. In such a case, the lid member 17 becomes a covering member.
[0046]
Next, the technical idea that can be grasped from the above-described embodiment and each other example will be described below together with the effects thereof.
(1) The warmer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the compartment and the temperature detecting means are provided corresponding to the vicinity of an inlet into which liquid is introduced into the liquid bag. The heater that has been. In this way, it is possible to optimally control the temperature of the liquid to be used.
[0047]
(2) In the warmer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and the technical idea (1), the covering member includes a window member having a lid member and the heat insulating space, The compartment in the heat insulation space is a heater that is covered with the lid member so that it cannot be seen from the outside. In this way, since the compartment is covered with a lid member so that the compartment is not visible from the outside, the influence of the outside air can be further suppressed via the lid member, and the temperature detection means can provide a more accurate temperature. Can be detected. In the present embodiment, the window member corresponds to the see-through window plate 16.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the first aspect of the invention, accurate temperature detection and accurate temperature control can be performed without being affected by outside air.
[0049]
According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, by making the area of the side surface facing the temperature detection means of the compartment a little wider than the mounting area occupied by the temperature detection means, Temperature detection can be performed most accurately.
[0050]
According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the compartment and the temperature detecting means correspond to the vicinity of the outlet of the heat exchange bag where the temperature of the liquid needs to be detected most. Therefore, accurate temperature control by the heating means can be performed.
[0051]
According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention of any one of claims 1 to 3, the room defining the heat insulating space is the entire flow passage on one side of the heat exchange bag. Therefore, the heat exchange bag itself is not affected by the outside air and can be effectively heated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a heater in the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a heater.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing the main body side with the lid member similarly opened.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing the lid side in a state where the lid member is similarly opened.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Heater (heating means), 14 ... 1st temperature sensor (temperature detection means), 15 ... 2nd temperature sensor (temperature detection means), 16 ... Transparent window plate (covering member), 17 ... Cover member (covering member) ), 27 ... dialysate circuit (flow passage), 28 ... heat exchange bag, 43 ... heat insulation space, 44 ... compartment.

Claims (4)

液体の流通を許容する熱交換バッグと、同熱交換バッグに接触して、液体を加温する加温手段と、熱交換バッグの反加温手段側を覆う被覆部材と、同被覆部材に取着され、熱交換バッグ内の液体の温度を検出する温度検出手段とを備えた加温器において、
前記被覆部材は、その内部に外気の影響を抑制するための断熱空間を備えるとともに、前記断熱空間における温度検出手段と対応する部位を区画された区画室とし、区画室外の他の断熱空間とは独立させたことを特徴とする加温器。
A heat exchange bag that allows the liquid to flow, a heating means that contacts the heat exchange bag and heats the liquid, a covering member that covers the anti-warming means side of the heat exchange bag, and the covering member. A heater equipped with temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the liquid in the heat exchange bag,
The covering member is provided with a heat insulating space for suppressing the influence of outside air inside thereof, and a portion corresponding to the temperature detection means in the heat insulating space is defined as a partitioned compartment, and other heat insulating spaces outside the compartment A warmer characterized by being made independent.
前記区画室の温度検出手段に相対する側面側の面積は、温度検出手段が占める取付面積よりも僅かに広くして形成されている請求項1に記載の加温器。The warmer according to claim 1, wherein the area of the side surface of the compartment facing the temperature detecting means is slightly wider than the mounting area occupied by the temperature detecting means. 前記区画室及び温度検出手段は、少なくとも熱交換バックにおける液体が導出される出口近傍に対応して設けられている請求項1又は請求項2に記載の加温器。The warmer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compartment and the temperature detecting means are provided corresponding to at least the vicinity of the outlet from which the liquid in the heat exchange bag is led out. 前記断熱空間を区画する部屋の、熱交換バッグに相対する側の面は、熱交換バッグに係る流体の流通路全体を少なくとも被覆可能な広さに形成されている請求項1乃至請求項3のうちいずれか1項に記載の加温器。The surface of the room which divides the said heat insulation space on the side facing a heat exchange bag is formed in the area which can coat | cover the whole flow path of the fluid which concerns on a heat exchange bag at least. The warmer of any one of them.
JP2000395612A 2000-12-26 2000-12-26 Heater Expired - Lifetime JP4192421B2 (en)

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JP4854394B2 (en) * 2006-06-22 2012-01-18 日機装株式会社 Blood purification equipment
JP2008000319A (en) * 2006-06-22 2008-01-10 Nikkiso Co Ltd Hemocatharsis apparatus
EP3015122B1 (en) * 2014-11-03 2017-05-10 B. Braun Avitum AG Attachment assembly for attaching a fluid bag to a fluid warmer of a system for extracorporeal blood treatment

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