JP4192292B2 - Personal feature pattern detector - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an individual feature pattern detection apparatus for identifying an individual using features of a blood vessel pattern below the body surface.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, identifying an individual has been mainly used for giving permission to use a bank terminal or a computer, or for entering and leaving a room with restrictions on the number of people entering the room. In these cases, a method using a personal identification number or a password has been mainly used for personal identification. However, recently, development of technology for performing individual identification using characteristics of a living body has been advanced.
[0003]
For example, a method using the back of the hand or the blood vessel pattern of the finger is known. That is, the method using the blood vessel pattern on the back of the hand is described in British Patent No. 2156127B and the magazine “Sensor Review” Vol. 12 No. 3 (1992), pages 19 to 23. 11: 8 (1992), pages 620-629. A method using a blood vessel pattern of a finger is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-21373.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The method of using the blood vessel pattern in the body has the advantage of increasing security because theft and counterfeiting are difficult. However, in these known examples, the body surface of the measurement site is measured using intensity measurement of near-infrared transmitted light or reflected light that is relatively easily transmitted through a living body (hereinafter, this measurement method is referred to as transmission method or reflection method). Measure blood vessel pattern close to. In some cases, the target peripheral blood vessels and surrounding tissues may become congested depending on the height relationship with the heart, and if the relative relationship between the heights changes, the degree of congestion will vary. It was experimentally found that a blood vessel pattern with good reproducibility could not be obtained and the accuracy of identification deteriorated.
[0005]
For example, measuring blood vessels higher than the heart does not cause congestion in the peripheral blood vessels and surrounding tissues, but measuring blood vessels lower than the heart causes blood congestion, resulting in different blood vessel patterns between the two. I understood. However, this problem has not been described in the prior art described above.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a personal characteristic pattern detection device in which congestion due to a difference in relative height between a measurement site and a heart does not affect the reproducibility of a blood vessel pattern in personal identification for a blood vessel pattern of a living body. is there.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An image of a light source, a measurement part attachment part for attaching a measurement part of a user, a light detection part for detecting light from the light source via the measurement part, and a blood vessel pattern below the body surface from the light detection part And an identification unit for personal identification, wherein the measurement site mounting unit includes arm means for setting the distance between the measurement site and the user's heart within a certain range. Pattern detection device.
[0008]
The specific method of personal identification after obtaining the blood vessel pattern is described in detail in the magazine “Sensor Review”, Vol. 12, No. 3, (1992), pages 19 to 23, or Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-21373. These methods may be used.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a personal feature pattern detection apparatus according to the present invention, and an enlarged portion of a circle A in the right figure is the inside of the circle A in the left figure. The configuration and operation of an apparatus for measuring a blood vessel pattern under the measurement site using a reflection method using near-infrared light will be described.
[0010]
The personal feature pattern detection apparatus includes a measurement site mounting unit 5, a heart position fixing unit including an arm 6, a joint unit 7, and an arm fixing unit 8, and an identification unit (not shown because it is known). In addition, a person to be measured 1, hand 2, forearm 3, upper arm 4, light source 20, emitted light 21, optical lens 22, photodetector 23, reflected light 24, and chair 30 are shown.
[0011]
As the measurement method of the measurement unit, the reflection method using near-infrared light is shown here, but in addition to the transmission method using near-infrared light exemplified in the following embodiment, it is also possible to use nuclear magnetic resonance or ultrasonic waves. It is. The measurement site can be any site including the hand (back of the hand, fingers, etc.) and earlobe, but here it is the hand 2. The measurement site mounting portion 5 has a shape suitable for the measurement site, but here it has a planar shape in which the hand 2 of the measurement site can be easily placed. A semiconductor element such as a light emitting diode or laser diode for near infrared light is used as the light source 20, but near infrared light obtained by separating light from a halogen lamp or the like is used as the emitted light 21, or from a halogen lamp or the like. A near-infrared filter may be installed in front of the photodetector 23 with respect to the reflected light 24. An image sensor such as a CCD camera is used for the photodetector 23, and the identification unit is known from the magazine “Sensor Review” Vol. 12 No. 3 (1992), pages 19 to 23, or JP-A-7-21373. The method was used.
[0012]
Next, in operation, the emitted light 21 from the light source 20 is collected by the optical lens 22 and irradiated to the hand 2 which is a measurement site. Near-infrared light that has entered the hand 2 from the irradiation side passes through the body while being scattered and absorbed by living tissue, and is largely absorbed by blood vessels. On the other hand, the reflected light from a living tissue or blood vessel passes through the body and returns to the body surface while being scattered and absorbed by the living tissue, as in the forward path.
[0013]
Since near-infrared light is less absorbed by living tissue and is more absorbed by hemoglobin in the blood vessel, when emitted from the body surface of the hand 2 to the outside of the body, there is a blood vessel near the surface on the emission side of the hand 2 The near-infrared light is greatly absorbed by hemoglobin in the blood vessel, and a shadow of the blood vessel pattern is projected on the surface of the hand 2 on the emission side. The reflected light including the blood vessel pattern on the body surface is collected by the optical lens 22 and then detected by the photodetector 23 as reflected light 24.
[0014]
The intersection of the horizontal axis X and the vertical axis Y in the figure is the position of the heart, strictly speaking, around the aortic ostium near the aortic arch where the maximum arterial pressure is reached. In the case of this figure, in the vertical direction, the measurement site (hand 2) is higher than the heart by the difference h1 between the horizontal axes X and X1. The relative height difference h1 is set by adjusting the height of the arm fixing portion 8 by adjusting the height of the measurement site mounting portion 5 and the arm 6 and the joint portion 7 constituting the heart position fixing portion. . In order to adjust the difference h1 by moving these, manual operation may be used, but automation is also possible. The difference h1 may be any set value as long as it is in the range of 10 cm or more and 50 cm or less, but it must be kept at a substantially constant value at least for the same subject.
[0015]
FIG. 2 shows the blood vessel distribution data of the finger according to the difference in relative height between the finger and the heart in the near infrared light reflection method. FIG. 4A shows the case where h1 = 20 cm (finger is above the heart), and FIG. 4B shows the case where h1 = −20 cm (finger is below the heart). The blood vessel region 12 visible in (a) is not visible in (b), and the blood vessel regions 10 and 11 not visible in (a) are visible in (b). In addition, dilations of blood vessels 13 and 14 and congested regions 15 and 16 that were not observed in (a) appear in (b). These are data indicating the influence of congestion due to the difference h1, and it is understood that it is important to keep the difference h1 substantially constant.
[0016]
In this embodiment, in the reflection method, there is an effect that it is possible to realize an individual characteristic pattern detection device for a blood vessel pattern that prevents the influence of the difference in relative height between the measurement site and the heart and enhances the data reproducibility necessary for identification. .
[0017]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the personal feature pattern detection apparatus according to the present invention. The portion of the circle A in the right figure is enlarged inside the circle A in the left figure. The configuration and operation of an apparatus for measuring a blood vessel pattern under the measurement site using a near infrared light transmission method will be described.
[0018]
The personal feature pattern detection apparatus includes a measurement site mounting unit 5, a heart position fixing unit including an arm 6, a joint unit 7, and an arm fixing unit 8, and an identification unit (not shown because it is known). In addition, the person to be measured 1, the hand 2, the forearm 3, the upper arm 4, the light source 20, the outgoing light 21, the optical lenses 22, 25, the optical detector 23, the transmitted light 26, and the chair 30 of the subject 1 are shown. Has been.
[0019]
As the measurement method of the measurement unit, the transmission method using near infrared light is shown here, but in addition to the reflection method using near infrared light exemplified in the previous embodiment, it is also possible to use nuclear magnetic resonance or ultrasonic waves. It is. The measurement part can be any part, but here it is the hand 2. The measurement site mounting portion 5 has a shape suitable for the measurement site, but here it has a planar shape in which the hand 2 of the measurement site can be easily placed. A semiconductor element such as a light emitting diode or laser diode for near infrared light is used as the light source 20, but the method shown in the embodiment of FIG. An image sensor such as a CCD camera is used for the photodetector 23, and the identification unit is known from the magazine “Sensor Review” Vol. 12 No. 3 (1992), pages 19 to 23, or JP-A-7-21373. The method was used.
[0020]
Next, in operation, the emitted light 21 from the light source 20 is collected by the optical lens 22 and irradiated to the hand 2 which is a measurement site. Near-infrared light that has entered the hand 2 from the irradiation side passes through the body while being scattered and absorbed by living tissue, and is largely absorbed by blood vessels. Since near-infrared light is less absorbed by living tissue and is more absorbed by hemoglobin in the blood vessel, when emitted from the body surface of the hand 2 to the outside of the body, there is a blood vessel near the surface on the emission side of the hand 2 The near-infrared light is greatly absorbed by hemoglobin in the blood vessel, and a shadow of the blood vessel pattern is projected on the surface of the hand 2 on the emission side. The transmitted light 26 including the blood vessel pattern on the body surface is collected by the condenser lens 25 and then detected by the photodetector 23. The horizontal axes X and X1, which are symbols in the figure, the difference h1, the vertical axis Y, and the method for setting the difference h1 are as described in the embodiment of FIG.
[0021]
In the present embodiment, in the transmission method, there is an effect that it is possible to realize a blood vessel pattern personal feature pattern detection device with improved data reproducibility necessary for identification.
[0022]
FIG. 4 is a partial block diagram showing an embodiment of the personal feature pattern detection apparatus according to the present invention. Since the enlarged view of circle A in FIG. 1 can be applied to both FIG. 1 (reflection method) and FIG. 3 (transmission method), the reflection method or the like using near infrared light for the blood vessel pattern under the measurement site is used. The description of the structure measured by the transmission method is omitted.
[0023]
The personal feature pattern detection apparatus of the present embodiment includes a measurement site mounting unit 5, a heart position fixing unit including an arm 6, a joint unit 7, and an arm fixing unit 8, a measurement unit (not shown because it has been described above), and an identification unit ( (It is not shown because it is known). In addition, the person to be measured 1, the hand 2, the forearm 3, the upper arm 4 and the chair 30 of the person to be measured 1 are shown. As a measurement method of the measurement unit, in addition to the reflection method and transmission method using near infrared light, it is also possible to use nuclear magnetic resonance or ultrasonic waves. The measurement site, the measurement site mounting unit, the measurement unit, and the identification unit are as described in the above-described embodiment.
[0024]
Next, the operation is described with reference to the reflection method or transmission method using near-infrared light. The intersection of the horizontal axis X and the vertical axis Y in the figure is the position of the heart, strictly speaking, around the aortic ostium near the aortic arch where the maximum arterial pressure is reached. In the case of this figure, the measurement site (hand 2) and the heart are at the same height in the vertical direction. In order to set both to the same height, the height of the measurement site mounting part 5 and the arm 6 and the joint part 7 constituting the heart position fixing part are adjusted to adjust the height of the arm fixing part 8. These can be adjusted manually by moving them, but can also be automated. The absolute height may be anywhere, but at least for the same subject, both need to be kept at approximately the same height.
[0025]
In the present embodiment, by setting the measurement site to the same height as the heart, there is an effect that it is possible to realize a personal characteristic pattern detection device for blood vessel patterns with improved reproducibility of data necessary for identification.
[0026]
FIG. 5 is a partial block diagram showing still another embodiment of the personal feature pattern detection apparatus according to the present invention. Since the enlarged view of circle A in FIG. 1 can be applied to both FIG. 1 (reflection method) and FIG. 3 (transmission method), the reflection method or the like using near infrared light for the blood vessel pattern under the measurement site is used. The description of the structure measured by the transmission method is omitted.
[0027]
The personal feature pattern detection apparatus includes a measurement site mounting unit 5, a heart position fixing unit including an arm 6, a joint unit 7, and an arm fixing unit 8, a measurement unit (not shown because it has been described above), and an identification unit (not shown because it is known). ). In addition, the person to be measured 1, the hand 2, the forearm 3, and the upper arm 4 of the person 1 to be measured are shown. As a measurement method of the measurement unit, in addition to the reflection method and transmission method using near infrared light, it is also possible to use nuclear magnetic resonance or ultrasonic waves. The measurement site, the measurement site mounting unit, the measurement unit, and the identification unit are as described in the above-described embodiment.
[0028]
Next, the operation is described with reference to the reflection method or transmission method using near-infrared light. The intersection of the horizontal axis X and the vertical axis Y in the figure is the position of the heart, strictly speaking, around the aortic ostium near the aortic arch where the maximum arterial pressure is reached. In the case of this figure, in the vertical direction, the measurement site (hand 2) is positioned lower than the heart by the difference h2 between the horizontal axes X and X2. The relative height difference h2 is set by adjusting the height of the measurement site mounting portion 5 and the arm fixing portion 8 by adjusting the arm 6 and the joint portion 7 constituting the heart position fixing portion. . In order to adjust the difference h2 by moving these, it may be manual or automated. This difference h2 may be any set value as long as it is in the range of 10 cm or more and 50 cm or more, but it must be kept at a substantially constant value at least for the same subject.
[0029]
In this embodiment, there is an effect that it is possible to realize a blood vessel pattern personal feature pattern detection apparatus with improved data reproducibility necessary for identification by making the measurement site lower than the heart.
[0030]
FIG. 6 is a partial block diagram showing an embodiment of the personal feature pattern detection apparatus according to the present invention. The enlarged view of circle A in the figure can be applied to both FIG. 1 (reflection method) and FIG. 3 (transmission method). (A) in the figure is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, (b) is shown in FIG. 4, (c) is the heart position comprising the arm 6, joint part 7 and arm fixing part 8 shown in FIG. (A) and (b) are the height h3 of the chair 30 and the height h4 of the sitting position, and (c) are the height h6 of the standing position as the heart position fixing part. Used. Other configurations are as described in the corresponding drawings, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
[0031]
Next, in operations (a) and (b), h3 + h4 = h5 can be kept substantially constant by adjusting the height h3 of the chair 30 and keeping the posture of the sitting position substantially constant. it can. (C) can keep h6 substantially constant by keeping the posture of the standing portion substantially constant. Accordingly, h1 or h2 can be kept at a substantially constant value (including h1 or h2 = 0) at least for the same subject. Other operations are the same as those described in the corresponding drawings, and a description thereof will be omitted.
[0032]
In this embodiment, there is an effect that it is possible to realize a personal characteristic pattern detection device for blood vessel patterns in which the heart position fixing unit is simplified and the data reproducibility necessary for identification is enhanced.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention can provide a personal feature pattern detection device that prevents the influence of a congested state and improves the reproducibility of a blood vessel pattern because the relative height of the measurement site and the heart is set within a certain distance for personal identification. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a personal feature pattern detection apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram of finger blood vessels according to the difference in relative height between the finger and the heart in the near-infrared light reflection method.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a personal feature pattern detection apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partial configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a personal feature pattern detection apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a partial configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a personal feature pattern detection apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a partial configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a personal feature pattern detection apparatus according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Person to be measured, 2 ... Hand, 3 ... Forearm, 4 ... Upper arm, 5 ... Measurement site mounting part, 6 ... Arm, 7 ... Joint part, 8 ... Arm fixing part, 10, 11, 12 ... Blood vessel region, 13 , 14 ... Blood vessels, 15, 16 ... Congestion region, 20 ... Light source, 21 ... Emission light, 22, 25 ... Optical lens, 23 ... Optical detector, 24 ... Reflected light, 26 ... Transmitted light, 30 ... Chair.

Claims (3)

A light source and a measurement site mounting part for mounting a user's measurement site;
A light detection unit for detecting light from the light source via the measurement site;
An identification unit that images a blood vessel pattern below the body surface from the light detection unit and performs personal identification,
The apparatus for detecting a personal feature pattern according to claim 1, wherein the measurement site mounting unit includes arm means capable of setting a relative height of the measurement site and the heart of the user within a certain distance .   The personal characteristic pattern detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the measurement site is set below the heart. It said arm means, individual characteristic pattern detection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a joint of the arm and the arm.

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