JP4189579B2 - Parallel open / close chuck - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a parallel open / close chuck that grips a workpiece (outer diameter gripping, inner diameter gripping) for supplying or moving the workpiece in an automatic assembly machine or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 1, the parallel open / close chuck (symbol 1) normally has a pair of fingers 3a and 3b provided on the chuck body 2 reciprocally moved horizontally in the left-right direction by a driving mechanism, and the claws 4a of the fingers 3a and 3b. , 4b are opened and closed in parallel to grip the workpiece. The drive mechanism includes a first piston 5 that is fitted into the cylinder portion of the chuck body 2, a return spring 6 that returns the piston to its original position, a second piston 7 that also serves as a collar that receives the lower end of the return spring 6, and this Is an air actuator composed of bifurcated pressing levers 8a and 8b, action levers 9a and 9b, etc. (reference: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-106491, FIG. 2).
[0003]
When air pressure is supplied to the cylinder chamber 10, the first piston 5 moves downward to compress the return spring 6, and its rod portion penetrates the second piston 7 and the pressing levers 8a and 8b. The inside of the action levers 9a and 9b is pressed with the tip. For this reason, the fingers 3a and 3b move counterclockwise in the left-right direction, and the space between the claws 4a and 4b is expanded.
[0004]
In this state, when the claws 4a and 4b are arranged on both sides of the workpiece and the air pressure is released, the piston 5 returns to its original position by the return spring 6 and at the same time the action levers 9a and 9b are pressed by the pressing levers 8a and 8b. The outside is pressed. Then, the fingers 3a and 3b are closed, and the work is gripped from the outside by the claws 4a and 4b (outside diameter gripping). That is, the parallel open / close chuck 1 is a so-called single-acting normal close type, and the gripping of the work depends on the force exerted by the return spring.
There is also a single-acting, normally open type parallel open / close chuck. Referring also to FIG. 1, in this type, a return spring 6 is arranged in the cylinder chamber 10, and claws 4 a and 4 b that are opened by the action are added between the first and second pistons 5 and 7. The workpiece is closed with the air pressure and the workpiece is gripped on the outer diameter.
[0005]
If the force for gripping the workpiece is the main acting force in the parallel open / close chuck 1, the main acting force of the single-acting normal close type is exerted by the return spring 6 by design, and the open type is the first and second pistons. It is exhibited by the air pressure acting between 5 and 7. On the other hand, as a form for gripping the workpiece, there is an inner diameter gripping for gripping the workpiece by spreading the claws 4a and 4b in addition to the outer diameter gripping for gripping the workpiece by moving in the direction in which the claws 4a and 4b approach each other. . These gripping forms are properly used depending on the outer shape of the work and the content of the work.
[0006]
However, using the single-acting type normally closed type for gripping the inner diameter means that the air pressure to the first piston 5 which is not the main acting force is used for gripping, and sufficient gripping force is obtained. There is a fear that it is not possible, and is not appropriate. The same applies to the single-acting normal open type, and the force of the return spring 6 that is not the main acting force is used, and the gripping force may be insufficient.
[0007]
Further, the parallel open / close chuck 1 includes a so-called double-acting type that uses air pressure both when the claws 4a and 4b are closed and opened. Referring to FIG. 1 as well, in this type, there is no return spring 6, and when air pressure is supplied to the cylinder chamber 10, the claws 4 a and 4 b are opened, and the first and second pistons 5 and 7 are opened. When the air pressure is supplied, the claws 4a and 4b are closed. In this manner, the force of air pressure is used to open and close the claws 4a and 4b. However, the first piston 5 has a rod, and the air pressure acting on the cylinder chamber (between the first and second pistons 5 and 7) on the side where the rod is present is reduced by the cross-sectional integral of the rod. For this reason, the force of the air pressure which acts on the cylinder chamber 10 on the side without the rod is the main acting force. In other words, the example also used in FIG. 1 is an open / close chuck for gripping the inner diameter.
[0008]
On the other hand, in order to use the force of air pressure acting on the cylinder chamber 10 as a main acting force and to make a parallel open / close chuck with an outer diameter gripping, the first piston 5 is placed inside the second piston 7, and the second piston 7 The air pressure of the cylinder chamber 10 must be added to the structure.
In any case, it is not appropriate to use the parallel open / close chuck 1 designed for gripping the outer diameter for gripping the inner diameter, and vice versa, as in the case of the single-acting type, there is a fear that the gripping force may be insufficient.
For this reason, both the single-acting type and the double-acting type have different internal structures for gripping the outer diameter and for gripping the inner diameter, and each has a dedicated product.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-6-106491 [0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
On the other hand, from the user's side of using the automatic assembly machine, the parallel open / close chuck is a dedicated product for each of the different internal structures for outer diameter gripping and inner diameter gripping. This means that chucks for outer diameter gripping and inner diameter gripping are prepared in advance, and it is impossible to efficiently perform maintenance by limiting the equipment used.
According to the present invention, a parallel open / close chuck whose main acting force is normally specified can be used for both outer diameter gripping and inner diameter gripping, and one parallel open / close chuck can be used for many applications. This is the issue.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A piston is provided in the chuck body, and its vertical movement is a parallel open / close chuck that drives two fingers guided by the chuck body. The movement of the two fingers is a horizontal reciprocating movement in the left-right direction, and moves oppositely.
Each finger comprises a slide member and a claw. The slide member has claw attachment portions on both the left and right sides of the lower part, and is guided by the chuck body so as to be reciprocally movable in the left-right direction. That is, the finger is guided to the chuck body by the slide member being guided with respect to the chuck body.
[0012]
And the nail | claw is being fixed to the said nail | claw attaching part of the right and left in a slide member. The claw mounting portion selects either the left or right of the outer diameter gripping mode and the inner diameter gripping mode. When one nail attachment portion is selected and the nail is attached, the work gripping portion of each nail is disposed in front of the reciprocal center line of the horizontal horizontal reciprocation of the two fingers against each other. Further, when the other claw attaching portion is selected and the claw is attached, the work gripping portion of each claw is disposed at a position beyond the reciprocal center line. The same parallel open / close chuck can be switched between the outer diameter gripping mode and the inner diameter gripping mode simply by using one of the vertical movements of the piston for gripping the workpiece and selecting the claw mounting portion.
[0013]
The parallel open / close chuck piston is a single-acting type, the slide member is a flat plate, and it is supported by a back-and-forth reciprocating movement supported between the front and rear walls of the lower part of the chuck body. There may be a configuration in which it is arranged between the lower surface of the piston and the collar placed across the upper sides of the two slide members.
In this configuration, the collar for supporting the lower end of the return spring is simply placed on the upper side of the slide member, so that the structure for mounting the return spring is simplified. For this reason, there are few failures and the cost of the product can be reduced.
[0014]
The two flat slide members are arranged and supported between the front and rear walls which are forked at the lower part of the chuck body, and are guided so as to be reciprocally movable in the left and right directions along the inner surface of the front and rear walls. There is. In some cases, a preload spring is interposed between the front and rear slide members disposed between the front and rear walls, and the springs are constantly urged so that each of the slide members is pressed against the inner surfaces of the front and rear walls. In addition, it is preferable to arrange a smooth surface material such as a sliding guide plate between the facing surfaces of the sliding member and the front and rear walls.
[0015]
According to this configuration, although the structure is simple, the moving direction of the slide member is stable, and rattling during movement is prevented, so that the gripping by the parallel open / close chuck is accurately performed.
The nail | claw fixed to a slide member may be able to be attached to the attachment hole which the slide member selected, changing the direction of the left-right direction. With this structure, the claw can also be used for both outer diameter gripping and inner diameter gripping in many cases.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A parallel open / close chuck 11 shown in FIG. 2 and subsequent figures is a single-acting type, and has a chuck body 12, fingers 13a and 13b, a piston 15 and a return spring 16, and the fingers 13a and 13b are respectively a slide member 17a and 17b and a claw. 14a and 14b. There is no second piston 7 found in the conventional single-acting type (FIG. 1), and the lower end of the return spring 16 is received by a collar 37 (FIGS. 3 and 4).
[0017]
The chuck body 12 has a cylinder chamber 18 at the top and a fork at the bottom and is formed on a front wall 19 and a rear wall 20 whose opposing surfaces (inner surfaces) are parallel (FIG. 4). The slide members 17a and 17b of the fingers 13a and 13b are rectangular flat plates (FIG. 5), and are arranged between the front wall 19 and the rear wall 20 (FIG. 3). Each of the slide members 17a and 17b is provided with driving grooves 21a and 21b which are elongated holes inclined at about 45 ° at the center upper portion and guide elongated holes 22a and 22b and 23a and 23b on both sides thereof. Claw attaching portions 24a and 24b and right claw attaching portions 25a and 25b are provided. The driving grooves 21a and 21b provided in the front and rear slide members 17a and 17b are symmetrical in inclination when viewed from the front.
[0018]
The cylinder chamber 18 has an upper port 26 and a side port 27. The upper port 26 is connected to the pump through a control valve, and the side port 27 is closed in this embodiment. The piston 15 housed in the cylinder chamber 18 extends a lower rod equivalent portion 28 between the front wall 19 and the rear wall 20 and has a driving roller pin 29 at the lower end in the front-rear direction. A driving roller 30 is rotatably provided at both ends of the driving roller pin 29.
[0019]
Further, two support shafts 31 and 32 are fitted and fixed between the front wall 19 and the rear wall 20 with a space left and right, and the guide rollers 33a and 33b and 34a and 34b are rotated. In addition to being freely attached, two front and rear sleeves 35 are fitted to each of the support shafts 31 and 32 so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the support shafts 31 and 32, and a preload spring 36 is mounted between the front and rear sleeves 35. Yes.
The return spring 16 is loaded between the lower surface side of the piston 15 and the lower collar 37. The collar 37 has a ring shape.
[0020]
The parallel open / close chuck is assembled as follows.
The return spring 16 is inserted into the rod corresponding portion 28 of the piston 15 from below, and then the collar 37 is inserted. These are mounted on the chuck body 12.
Two slide members 17a and 17b are arranged between the lower part of the chuck body 12 and the front and rear walls 19 and 20, and the upper sides of the slide members 17a and 17b are pressed against the collar 37 to push up the return spring 16 while compressing the slide members 17a and 17b. The positions of the drive grooves 21a and 21b are aligned with the mounting holes of the drive roller pins 29 provided in the lower portion of the rod equivalent portion 28. Then, the driving roller pin 29 is inserted into the lower portion of the rod-corresponding portion 28 in the front-rear direction, penetrates the driving grooves 21a, 21b of the slide members 17a, 17b and the rod-corresponding portion 28, and the driving rollers 30, 30 are provided at both ends thereof. Are rotatably mounted and arranged in the driving grooves 21a and 21b.
[0021]
Next, the front and rear sleeves 35 and the preload spring 36 are arranged between the front and rear slide members 17a and 17b, and the support shafts 31 and 32 are passed through the guide elongated holes 23a and 23b in the slide member 17a in the front and rear direction. The guide rollers 33a, 33b and 34a, 34b are rotatably attached to. As a result, the front and rear slide members 17 a and 17 b are supported by the chuck body 12 and are urged against the inner surfaces of the front wall 19 and the rear wall 20 by the preload spring 36. When the slide members 17a and 17b are supported on the chuck body, the collar 37 is also supported on the chuck body 12 via the slide members 17a and 17b.
[0022]
The structure does not need the second piston that the conventional single-acting parallel open / close chuck has, and only has the collar 37. Therefore, the structure is simple, and this structure is easy to assemble as a support structure for the collar 37. . Further, the slide members 17a and 17b are pressed by the preload spring 36 so as to be in sliding contact with the inner surfaces of the front and rear walls 19 and 20, and the movement of the slide members 17a and 17b is stable, and there is no backlash. A sliding guide plate 38 (FIG. 6) may be used to reduce sliding friction between the sliding members 17a and 17b and the inner surfaces of the front and rear walls 19 and 20.
[0023]
The parallel open / close chuck 11 operates as follows. Note that the force (main action force) for gripping the workpiece is air pressure applied to the piston 15, and the claws 14a and 14b are fixed to the claw mounting portions 24a and 25b as shown in FIG. And At this time, the vertical portions of the claws 14a and 14b (portions that function to grip the workpiece) in the moving direction pass through the reciprocal center line of the horizontal horizontal reciprocating motion of the fingers 13a and 13b opposite to each other (through the center of the driving roller 30). It is arranged in front of (vertical line).
The state shown in FIG. 2 is a neutral state in which air pressure is released from the cylinder chamber 18, and the piston 15 is moved upward by the return spring 16, so that the slide members 17 a and 17 b are opened in the left-right direction by the drive roller 30. In position, the claws 14a, 14b are also open. That is, the parallel open / close chuck 11 of this structure is a normally open type.
[0024]
Next, when air pressure is supplied to the cylinder chamber 18 and the piston 15 moves downward, the driving roller 30 pushes the lower sides of the driving grooves 21a and 21b, and the slide members 17a and 17b move in the approaching direction to move the claws 14a, 14b moves in the closing direction. At this time, the workpiece is grasped from the outside (gripping the outer diameter). That is, the outer diameter is gripped by the main acting force.
[0025]
In order to perform inner diameter gripping of a workpiece from the inside with the same parallel opening / closing chuck 11, the claw 14a is fixed to the claw mounting position 25a and the claw 14b is fixed to the claw mounting position 24b. In this structure, the claw 14a, the vertical portion of 14b (portion functioning to grip the workpiece) is, because the a position beyond the (vertical line passing through the center of the drive roller 30) reciprocally center line movement direction, the sliding member When 17a and 17b move in the approaching direction, the gap between the claw 14a and the claw 14b is opened. That is, the parallel open / close chuck 11 of this structure is a normally closed type in which the claws 4a and 4b are located close to each other when no air pressure is applied.
[0026]
Accordingly, when air pressure is supplied to the cylinder chamber 18 as described above, the piston 15 descends and the slide members 17a and 17b move in the approaching direction, the claws 14a and 14b move in the opening direction. Gripping the workpiece from the inside (gripping inside diameter). That is, the parallel open / close chuck 11 grips the inner diameter by the main acting force.
[0027]
When the parallel open / close chuck 11 uses the force of the return spring 16 as the main acting force, the operation is reversed, and when the external gripping is performed, the normally closed type is used, and when the internal gripping is performed, the normal open type is used. It is the same in that the parallel opening / closing chuck 11 for gripping the outer diameter can be switched to the parallel opening / closing chuck 11 for gripping the inner diameter simply by exchanging the mounting positions of the claws 14a, 14b with respect to the slide members 17a, 17b.
[0028]
The single-acting parallel open / close chuck has been described above. However, according to the technical idea of the present invention, the double-acting parallel open / close chuck also has an inner diameter parallel open / close chuck that does not change the main acting force. It can be easily converted to gripping.
In the embodiment, the same claws 14a and 14b are used by changing the attachment position in both the outer diameter gripping and the inner diameter gripping, but different ones may be used for the outer diameter gripping and the inner diameter gripping. Many.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
The same parallel open / close chuck can be easily switched to a chuck that operates to grip the outer diameter and the inner diameter with the main acting force.
Maintenance can be performed efficiently by limiting and standardizing equipment used for automatic assembly machines.
Since the same parallel open / close chuck can be used for both outer diameter gripping and inner diameter gripping, one parallel open / close chuck can be used for many applications.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a parallel open / close chuck (conventional one).
FIG. 2 is a front view of a cross-section showing an outline of the structure (embodiment).
FIG. 3 is a side view in section.
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view showing a main part.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing an enlarged main part.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Parallel open / close chuck 2 Chuck bodies 3a, 3b Fingers 4a, 4b Claw 5 First piston 6 Return spring 7 Second piston 8a, 8b Press lever 9a, 9b Action lever 10 Conventional cylinder 11 Over parallel chuck 12 Chuck body 13a, 13b Finger 14a, 14b Claw 15 Piston 16 Return spring 17a, 17b Slide member 18 Cylinder chamber 19 Front wall 20 Rear wall 21a, 21b Drive groove 22a, 22b Guide slot 23a, 23b Guide length Holes 24a, 24b Left claw mounting portion 25a, 25b Right claw mounting portion 26 Upper port 27 Side port 28 Rod equivalent portion 29 Drive roller pin 30 Drive roller 31 Support shaft 32 Support shaft 33a, 33b Guide roller 34a, 34b Guide roller 35 Sleeve 3 Preload spring 37 the collar 38 sliding guide plate

Claims (4)

A parallel open / close chuck having a mechanism for converting the vertical movement of a piston provided in the chuck body into a horizontal reciprocating horizontal movement of two fingers guided by the chuck body, each finger being a slide member The slide member has a claw mounting portion on both the left and right sides of the lower part and is guided by the chuck body so as to be able to reciprocate in the left and right direction. Select either the left or right claw mounting portion on the slide member and slide it. The claw can be fixed to the member , and when one claw attachment part is selected and the claw is attached, the work gripping part of each claw is from the reciprocal center line of the horizontal reciprocating movement of the two fingers against each other in the horizontal direction. When the other nail attachment part is selected and the nail is attached, the work gripping part of each nail Is disposed at a position beyond a line, parallel opening chuck is characterized by the use of one of the vertical motion of the piston to grip the workpiece.   The piston is a single-acting type and has a return spring that returns the piston to its original position. The slide member is a flat plate that is guided and supported so as to be able to reciprocate in the left-right direction between the front and rear walls at the bottom of the chuck body. The parallel open / close chuck according to claim 1, wherein the return spring is disposed between a lower surface of the piston and a collar placed across the upper sides of the two slide members.   The slide member is a flat plate, is supported between the front and rear walls which are forked at the lower part of the chuck body, and is guided so as to be reciprocally movable in the left and right directions along these inner surfaces. The parallel open / close chuck according to claim 1, wherein each is pressed against the inner surfaces of the front and rear walls.   The parallel opening / closing chuck according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the claw can be attached to the attachment hole selected by the slide member by changing the direction in the left-right direction.

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