JP4188905B2 - Blood collection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement in a blood collection device that collects a certain amount of blood from a blood donor in a blood collection bag.

The applicant proposed a blood collection device that fluctuates the tray of the blood collection bag up and down in order to improve mixing and stirring of the blood anticoagulant filled in the blood collection bag and blood collected in the blood collection bag. However, mixing of blood anticoagulant and blood is not always sufficient only by swinging up and down in the longitudinal direction.
For example, blood and anticoagulant are mixed uniformly only in the front and back of the blood collection bag, but the blood collection bag also expands as the amount of blood collected increases, so it is difficult to mix uniformly in all these areas. It was. Therefore, it was tested that in addition to the vertical swing in the front-rear direction, the vertical swing was also performed. However, the housing for storing the swinging means, the saucer, and the weight measuring means as compared with the conventional blood collection device that only swings in the forward-backward direction. As a result, the blood collection device tends to increase in size.
In addition, the conventional blood collection device measures the weight of the blood sample while swinging at a specific point on the tray. However, if the vertical swing in the front-rear direction and the vertical swing in the left-right direction are performed simultaneously, the vibration during the swing and the blood collection bag There is a problem that the tube is easily affected by disturbance such as contact between the tube and the blood collection device housing. In addition, when negative pressure control is performed on the storage space such as a blood collection bag so that blood can be collected in a short time without imposing a mental or physical burden on the supplier, on / off control of a power supply switch for supplying power to the decompression means, Or, it was performed by means such as on / off control of the pressure release valve or analog control using a needle valve, etc., but there were problems such as not necessarily dealing with various blood vessels of individual blood donors in its responsiveness. It was.

Therefore, as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have reached the following invention.
[1] The present invention has a blood collection bag tray (2), a weight measuring means (3), a swinging means, a storage space (10) for housing them integrally, and the storage space (10) having a vacuum structure. A vacuum pump (30) for depressurizing the housing (5) and the storage space (10),
Wherein while continuously changing the power supplied to a vacuum pump (30) to change the suction capacity of the vacuum pump (30), controls the rate of change of pressure increase control of the negative pressure in the receiving space (10) Having a control device (80) that can be performed by
The said control apparatus (80) is comprised from the control part (81) and the drive part (82), and the said control part (81) is a memory | storage means (86 ) of CPU (85) and the negative pressure of the said storage space (10). ) has a,
The drive unit (82) is connected to the control unit (81) and includes two conversion circuits (A / D) [analog to digital] and (D / A) [digital to analog].
The weight measuring means (3) and the pressure sensor (93) are connected to one conversion circuit (A / D), and the motor (7) is connected to the other conversion circuit (D / A) via a drive circuit (DC). Is connected,
A vacuum pump (30) is connected to the drive circuit (DC) via a clamp solenoid (94), a vacuum solenoid (95), and a power control unit (87).
A blood collection device (1) for controlling a clamp solenoid (94), a vacuum solenoid (95), a vacuum pump (30), and a motor (7) by the drive circuit (DC ) is provided.

(1) The blood collection apparatus 1 has a blood collection bag receiving tray 2 disposed above the swinging means, and the swinging means is disposed on the side of the weight measuring means 3 via the fixing member 6. 3 and the swinging means are housed integrally in a housing 5 having a housing space 10 having a vacuum structure, so that the receiving space of the housing 5, the weight measuring means 3 and the swinging means are greatly reduced as compared with the conventional blood collecting device. The entire apparatus can be made compact. For this reason, it can carry in and use without worrying about the storage place of the blood collection vehicle with a small storage space.
(2) Within the small-capacity storage space of (1), the receiving tray 2 is swung up and down 1 to 40 degrees from the first stop position and swung up and down 1 to 40 degrees from the first stop position. After that, mixing of the blood anticoagulant filled in the blood collection bag and the blood collected in the blood collection bag by simultaneously performing the three-dimensional compound rocking of the front and rear vertical swing and the horizontal vertical swing is performed. Stirring can be greatly improved.
(3) Since the rocking position and the rocking speed of the tray 2 can be kept constant from start to finish regardless of the increase in the amount of blood collected into the blood collection bag, the mixing and stirring of the blood and anticoagulant in (2) are performed from start to finish. It can be performed stably.

1 is a front view of a blood collection apparatus 1 of the present invention (FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the blood collection apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a front view of the blood collection apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the swinging means of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a view taken along the arrow A in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view along BB in FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a part of the disk 21 and the tray position / speed detection sensor 23, FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the operation panel, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the setting panel. The blood collection apparatus 1 has a blood collection bag receiving tray 2, a weight measuring means 3 for measuring the blood collection weight on the blood collection bag placed on the tray 2, a swinging means for the tray 2, and a storage space 10 for integrally storing these. And a housing 5 having a storage space 10 having a vacuum structure.
The swinging means is constituted by a driving means, a support member for the saucer 2, and a means for transmitting a driving force to the support member by the drive means.
The drive means comprises a motor 7, the support member comprises a support 11 and a shaft 34, and the transmission means comprises a worm 16 and a worm wheel 17.
The driving means, the support member, and the transmission means are not limited to the above-mentioned parts. In short, the swinging means is configured to swing the receiving tray 2 up and down in the forward and backward directions from 1 ° to 40 ° from the initial stop position and 1 °. Any combination of components can be employed as long as it can perform 40 ° left-right up-and-down rocking and then perform three-dimensional compound rocking simultaneously, ie, front-back up-and-down rocking and left-right up-and-down rocking.
The tray 2 is arranged on the upper part of the swinging means, and the swinging means is mounted on the side of the weight measuring means 3 via an inverted L-shaped plate-like fixing member 6. The fixing member 6 includes a top plate 41 and a side plate 44, and the weight measuring means 3 is disposed below the top plate 41.

A load cell is used as the weight measuring means 3, and the weight measuring means 3 is disposed between the top plate 41 and the bottom plate 42. The fixed end of the weight measuring means 3 is fixed to the partition wall 15 with a bottom plate 42 sandwiched by screws or the like, and the top plate 41 is fixed to the free end of the other weight measuring means 3 by screws or the like. An overload protection plate 47 is welded to the end of the bottom plate 42, and the overload protection plate 47 is formed so as to surround the overload protection screws 48 (two pieces) arranged at the end of the top plate 41 in the vertical direction. By adjusting the overload protection screw 48, the weight measuring means 3 can be protected against an overload in the vertical direction. On the other hand, the bottom of the swinging means is not in contact with or fixed to the partition wall 15, and there is some space between the partition wall 15.
A vacuum pump 30 and a power supply unit 31 are disposed below the storage space 10 via a partition wall 15, and the inside of the storage space 10 communicates with the vacuum pump 30 via a vacuum pipe 38. Further, the inside of the storage space 10 has a structure capable of opening the atmospheric pressure via the pressure release valve portion 39.
A lid body 9 is attached to the top surface of the housing 5 via a hinge 20, and when the lid body 9 is closed, the catch 13 holds the lid body 9 and closes the pressure release valve 39a, whereby the housing 5 and the lid body are mounted. The storage space 10 can be made into a sealed structure by 9, and the inside of the storage space 10 can be made into a vacuum structure by exhausting from the vacuum pump 30.
A tube holder 14 is disposed on the front upper portion of the housing 5. A mounting groove 14 a for a blood collection tube 32 a is formed in the tube holder 14, and the blood collection tube 32 a of the blood collection bag 32 placed on the tray 2 can be pulled out from the housing 5 and held. A switch (not shown) for detecting the open / closed state of the lid 9 is mounted inside the tube holder 14, and detection of the closed state of the lid 9 is an operating condition of the vacuum pump 30 and the swinging means. These are effective as energy saving measures and operator safety measures.
A packing (not shown) is arranged on the top surface of the housing 5 and / or the bottom surface of the lid body 9 so that the storage space 10 can have a vacuum structure, and the blood collection tube 32a is stored even if it is pulled out from the housing 5. Grooves and / or packings (not shown) in which the blood collection tube 32a can be closely attached are formed and / or mounted so that the vacuum structure in the space 10 can be maintained.

On the front surface of the housing 5, a power switch 45, a setting panel 59, an operation panel 60, and a barcode reader connector 46 are disposed. The barcode reader connected to the barcode reader connector 46 is blood collection bag manufacturer information (manufacturer classification, preservation liquid classification, capacity, bag type, serial number, etc.), blood collection (manufacturing) number, and supplier information (desired blood collection). Volume), blood collection operator information (name, etc.) can be read into the blood collection device.
The setting panel 59 has a setting mode switch 63 for switching between operation mode and setting mode and setting items such as blood collection volume / tare volume / tare processing method, blood sampling volume / tare volume value setting, tare processing method switching, calibration A numerical value setting switch 65 for setting numerical values and the like, a calibration mode switch 68 for shifting to a calibration mode for the weight measured by the weight measuring means 3 and the pressure measured by the pressure sensor, and an input switch 64 for inputting each set value. Is provided. The operation panel 60 includes an operation start switch 61, an operation stop switch 62, a suction switch 66, a swing switch 67, a blood collection volume (200 ml / 400 ml) setting switch and display lamp 70, a suction display lamp 71, and a blood flow rate display lamp. 75, a used bag setting switch and display lamp 72, and a blood collection / vacuum / tare display section 73 are provided.

  The end of the gear head 8 of the motor 7 constituting the swinging means and the end of the worm 16 for transmitting the rotation of the motor 7 to the worm wheel 17 are fixed to the side plate 37, respectively. An engagement groove 19 for the worm 16 is formed on the outer periphery of the worm wheel 17, and a spherical groove 18 is formed on the top surface of the worm wheel 17. A shaft 24 projects from the lower portion of the worm wheel 17 and is attached to the base plate 27 via a bearing 26.

  The tray 2 of the blood collection bag is attached to the worm wheel 17 through the support 11. A vertically long groove 33 is formed in the middle part of the support 11, a shaft 34 is passed through the groove 33, and a pin 35 fixed to the shaft 34 is attached to the support 11 via a bearing 29. Both ends of the shaft 34 are attached to the side plates 36 and 37 via bearings 43. The upper portion of the support 11 is fixed to the bottom of the tray 2, and a sphere 12 is formed at the lower portion of the support 11. The sphere 12 is pivotally supported by the spherical groove 18 of the worm wheel 17. The spherical groove 18 is formed at a position deviated from the rotation center C of the worm wheel 17. With the rotation of the worm wheel 17, the shaft 34 is centered on the shaft 34 in the front-rear direction and the pin 35 is centered on the pin 35 in the left-right direction. Since the composite rocking is 40 °, the upper part of the support column 11 is also rotated, so that the tray 2 is swung back and forth and right and left.

In addition, a swinging position / speed detecting disc 21 of the tray is mounted on the lower portion of the worm wheel 17 as a means for detecting the swinging position and swinging speed of the tray 2. A notch 22 is formed in the middle of the oscillating position / speed detecting disc 21 of the saucer. As shown in FIG. 8, as the oscillating position / speed detecting disc 21 of the saucer rotates, the notch 22 The swing position and the swing speed of the tray 2 can be detected by detection by the swing speed detection sensor 23 (fixed position stop sensor 97) (mounted on the inner wall surface of the side plate 36).
Since the rocking speed slightly decreases with an increase in the amount of blood collected in the blood collection bag, a control built in the front inside of the housing 5 so that the rocking speed can be kept constant from start to finish regardless of the increase in the blood collection volume. By means of the part 80, the control can be performed while the change in the swing position and swing speed of the tray 2 is automatically corrected and detected by the swing position / speed detection sensor 23 of the tray.
The means for detecting the rocking position and the rocking speed of the tray 2 is not limited to the above-mentioned parts. In short, any combination of parts that constitute the detecting means and can detect the rocking position and the rocking speed of the tray 2 can be used. Anything can be adopted.

  FIG. 11 ((A), (B), (C)) is a rocking state diagram showing three-dimensional compound rocking of the tray 2 of the blood collection bag. (A) is a plan view of the worm wheel 17 and shows the position of the spherical groove 18 accompanying the rotation of the worm wheel 17. (B) and (C), when the spherical groove 18 rotates from the stop position (1) to (2), (2) to (3), (3) to (4), (4) to (1), The rocking | fluctuation state of the saucer 2 in each position is shown ((B) is a front view of the saucer 2 of a blood bag, (C) is a right view of (B)). When the spherical groove 18 moves from the position (1) to the position (2), the tray 2 swings back and forth by θ1 (1 ° to 40 °) and simultaneously swings left and right by θ2 (1 ° to 40 °). Similarly, when the spherical groove 18 moves from position (2) to position (3), it swings forward and backward by θ1 and left and right by θ2. Thereafter, when the spherical groove 18 moves from position (3) to position (4) and from position (4) to position (1), the tray 2 swings in the same manner as described above. Repeat swinging and horizontal swinging simultaneously.

A control device 80 is built in the front inside of the housing 5. The control device 80 includes a control unit 81 and a drive unit 82, as shown in FIG.
The control unit 81 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 85 (including a memory in which a program for controlling a series of operations of the blood collection device 1 is written) 85, a storage unit 86, and an input / output circuit 88. The input / output circuit 88 is supplied with a detection signal from the receiving rocking speed detecting sensor 23 (fixed position stopping sensor 97). The storage means 86 can store data such as the tare amount of the blood collection bag, the negative pressure generated in the storage space 10, and the set blood collection amount.
An operation panel 60 and a setting panel 59 each having a display 83, various switches SW, and a drive circuit DC are connected to the control unit 81, and these input data are transferred to the control unit 81.
The drive unit 82 is connected to the control unit 81 and includes two conversion circuits A / D (analog → digital) and D / A (digital → analog). The weight measuring means 3 and the pressure sensor 93 are connected to one conversion circuit A / D via a switch 92 and an amplifier AP, respectively.
A motor 7 is connected to the other conversion circuit D / A via a drive circuit DC. Furthermore, the vacuum pump 30 is connected to each other drive circuit DC via a clamp solenoid 94, a vacuum solenoid 95, and a power control unit 87, and the clamp solenoid 94, the vacuum solenoid 95, the vacuum pump 30, and the motor are connected by the drive circuit DC. 7 is controlled.

Next, a pressure control method of the blood collection device 1 will be described.
There are four pressure control methods: automatic, strong, weak, and off.
Automatic is the most common choice. The pressure is controlled while measuring the amount of change in blood collection.
Strong and weak continue to suck at a constant pressure. The target value of pressure and the rate of change in pressure increase differ between strong and weak.
When off, the pressure is not controlled at atmospheric pressure.
FIG. 13 is a block diagram when pressure control is performed, and FIG. 14 is a graph showing changes in pressure and time.
The pressure is detected by a signal from the pressure sensor 93. In the pressure control, the power supplied to the vacuum pump 30 is continuously changed by the power control unit 87, the pressure release valve 39a is closed, and the vacuum pump 30 is operated to make the inside of the storage space 10 (vacuum chamber) negative pressure. be able to.
Note that when the pressure is rapidly reduced, the pressure release valve 39a is opened.
The pressure control method will be described in detail below.
(A) Method of controlling to a constant pressure The vacuum pump 30 is operated with a predetermined capacity. When the storage space 10 (vacuum chamber) reaches the target pressure, the power control unit 87 is used to change the capacity of the vacuum pump 30 so as to maintain the target pressure. However, since the system has a slight air leak, the vacuum pump 30 is operated continuously and is not stopped. This method can control the rate of change in pressure rise regardless of the target pressure value.
In addition, it is also possible to perform more various pressure control by changing the capability of the vacuum pump 30 before reaching the target pressure value.
(B) Automatic pressure control After the start of the blood sampling operation, the storage space is provided on the condition that the amount of change in the blood sample measurement value by the weight measuring means 3 is reduced while the negative pressure in the storage space 10 is increased toward the target high pressure level. After the negative pressure in 10 is lowered to the target low pressure level, it is raised again toward the target high pressure level, and these pressure controls are repeated until the set blood collection amount is reached.

Next, a method of controlling the swing speed of the blood collection device 1 will be described. FIG. 15 is a block diagram when the swing speed is controlled, and FIG. 16 is a graph showing changes in time, voltage supplied to the motor 7, swing speed, and blood collection amount.
The speed is detected by a signal from the speed detection sensor 23. The speed is controlled by continuously changing the voltage supplied to the motor and changing the rotational speed of the motor 7. The method for controlling the swing speed will be described in detail below.
(A) Between swing start and acceleration At the start of swing, a low voltage is supplied to the motor 7 to start operation at a low speed. This prevents an excessive load from being applied to the drive unit. Continue to increase the voltage and accelerate at a certain rate.
Next, when the voltage reaches a predetermined value, constant speed operation is performed. The predetermined value is a representative value of the voltage that swings at the target speed of only the tray of the blood collection bag.
(B) Constant speed operation The voltage supplied to the motor 7 is changed so as to eliminate the deviation between the current position of the speed and the target value. Thereby, even if the rocking load changes due to blood sampling, the rocking can be continued at a target speed.
In this control method, even if the signal from the speed detection sensor 23 can be obtained only 1 to several times per revolution, the target speed can be reached in a short time from the beginning of the oscillation without exceeding a large speed. .
(C) Deceleration When deceleration is required, the voltage supplied to the motor 7 is lowered at a fixed rate to perform deceleration. As a result, it is possible to prevent an excessive load from being applied to the drive unit and to improve the position accuracy when the swing is stopped.
Note that the time required for stopping at a fixed position can be shortened. This can be achieved by correcting the time required for deceleration from the signal from the fixed position stop sensor 97 (which can also be used as the speed detection sensor 23) when the actual deceleration starts. Become.
(D) Fixed position stop When a signal from the fixed position stop sensor 97 (which can also be used as the speed detection sensor 23) is received, the motor is stopped after waiting for t1 time. Here, t1 is a time for correcting the stop position, and is stored in the storage unit. The motor 7 is stopped by setting the voltage supplied to the motor 7 to 0 V or operating the control terminal when the motor 7 has a control terminal.
In order to make the stop position more accurate, a reverse signal can be applied for a short time after the motor 7 is stopped in order to reduce the overrun of the motor 7. The means for reverse rotation is performed by supplying a negative voltage to the motor 7 or operating the motor 7 if it has a control terminal.
(E) Measures for abnormality If the absolute value of the deviation between the current speed value and the target value is larger than a certain value during constant speed operation, the motor 7 is stopped and alarmed if it continues for a certain period of time. If the signal of the fixed position stop sensor 97 does not reach a certain time when the fixed position is stopped, the motor is stopped as an abnormality and an alarm is given.

The weight measurement during the swinging of the blood collection device 1 is performed by taking the average of the A / D conversion values during one swinging round.
One round detection is performed by the speed detection sensor 23 and / or the fixed position stop sensor 97. This method has the following advantages over the case of measuring at a specific point during oscillation.
It is not necessary to adjust the position of the weight measurement signal with respect to the swing position.
In addition, the weight measurement is not easily affected by disturbances such as vibration during swinging and contact between the blood collection bag tube and the blood collection device housing.

Front view of the blood collection apparatus of the present invention Longitudinal sectional view of the blood collection apparatus of the present invention Front view of the blood collection apparatus of the present invention 3 is a plan view excluding the saucer 2 from FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the swinging means of FIG. A view of arrow A in FIG. BB sectional view of FIG. A partially enlarged view of the receiving plate swing position / speed detection disk 21 and the receiving plate swing speed detection sensor 23 (fixed position stop sensor 97). Enlarged view of the operation panel Enlarged view of the settings panel Swinging state diagram of the saucer 2 Block diagram of control device Block diagram for pressure control Graph showing changes in pressure and time Block diagram when controlling the swing speed Graph showing changes in time and voltage supplied to motor, rocking speed, and blood collection volume

Explanation of symbols

1 Blood collection device 2 Sauce of blood collection bag (dish)
3 Weight measuring means (load cell)
4 Oscillating means 5 Housing 6 Fixing member 7 Motor 8 Gear head 9 Lid 10 Storage space 11 Support column 12 Sphere 13 Catch 14 Tube holder 14a Groove 15 Bulkhead 16 Warm 17 Warm wheel 18 Spherical groove 19 Engaging groove 20 Hinge 21 Shaking of the saucer Moving position / speed detecting disk 22 Notch 23 (97) Sauce rocking speed detecting sensor (fixed position stop sensor)
24 Shaft 26 Bearing 27 Base plate 29 Bearing 30 Vacuum pump 31 Power source 32 Blood collection bag 32a Blood collection tube 33 Groove 34 Shaft 35 Pin 36, 37 Side plate 38 Vacuum piping 39 Pressure release valve 39a Pressure release valve 39b Muffler 41 Top plate 42 Bottom Plate 43 Bearing 44 Side plate 45 Power switch 46 Bar code reader connector 47 Overload protection plate 48 Overload protection screw 59 Setting panel 60 Operation panel 61 Operation start switch 62 Operation stop switch 63 Setting mode switch 64 Input switch 65 Numerical value setting switch 66 Suction changeover switch 67 Oscillation switch 68 Calibration mode switch 70 Blood collection volume (200 ml / 400 ml) setting switch and display lamp 71 Suction display lamp 72 Used bag setting switch and display lamp 73 Blood collection / vacuum / tare display unit 74 Tare processing display unit 75 Blood flow rate display lamp 80 Control device 81 Control unit 82 Drive unit 83 Display 85 CPU
86 Storage means 87 Power control section 88 Input / output circuit 92 Switch 93 Pressure sensor 94 Clamp solenoid 95 Vacuum solenoid 96 Cover closing switch DC drive circuit AP Amplifier SW Switch I / F Communication I / F
A / D conversion circuit (analog to digital)
D / A conversion circuit (digital to analog)

Claims (1)

A blood collection bag tray (2), a weight measuring means (3), a swinging means, and a housing (5) having a storage space (10) for housing them integrally and having the storage space (10) in a vacuum structure. A vacuum pump (30 ) for depressurizing the space (10),
Wherein while continuously changing the power supplied to a vacuum pump (30) to change the suction capacity of the vacuum pump (30), controls the rate of change of pressure increase control of the negative pressure in the receiving space (10) Having a control device (80) that can be performed by
The said control apparatus (80) is comprised from the control part (81) and the drive part (82), and the said control part (81) is a memory | storage means (86 ) of CPU (85) and the negative pressure of the said storage space (10). ) has a,
The drive unit (82) is connected to the control unit (81) and includes two conversion circuits (A / D) [analog to digital] and (D / A) [digital to analog].
The weight measuring means (3) and the pressure sensor (93) are connected to one conversion circuit (A / D), and the motor (7) is connected to the other conversion circuit (D / A) via a drive circuit (DC). Is connected,
A vacuum pump (30) is connected to the drive circuit (DC) via a clamp solenoid (94), a vacuum solenoid (95), and a power control unit (87).
A blood collecting device (1), wherein a clamp solenoid (94), a vacuum solenoid (95), a vacuum pump (30), and a motor (7) are controlled by the drive circuit (DC ).

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