JP4188497B2

JP4188497B2 - Vent door frame

Info

Publication number: JP4188497B2
Application number: JP13840499A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 稔山口; 俊前田; 義一藤原
Original assignee: Daikin Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Daikin Industries Ltd
Priority date: 1999-05-19
Filing date: 1999-05-19
Publication date: 2008-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2019-05-19
Also published as: JP2000328848A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は住宅等における室内間の出入口、或いは通路と室間の出入口を形成するドア枠において、通気機能を備えた通気用ドア枠に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来から出入口を形成しているドア枠に開閉自在に配設したドアにおいては、ドア本体の構成材料に遮音材を使用する一方、ドア枠に取付けたドアと戸当たりとを気密的に当接させて遮音性能を高めることが行われているが、近年、高気密住宅の普及に伴って、ドアを閉鎖しているにもかかわらず、通気機能を有するドア部構造の要望が高まっている。
【０００３】
このため、図９に示すように、ドア枠Ａに開閉自在に設けているドアＣの下端面と床面Ｄとの間に隙間Ｅを設けたり、或いは、ドア本体の表裏面の下部等に換気口を設け、これらの表裏換気口をドア本体の中空内部を通じて連通させたドア構造とすることが行われているが、前者においてはドア下端と床面との間に形成された隙間が見苦しくて体裁が悪いと共に該隙間から光が漏れるという問題点があり、後者においては表裏の換気口がドア本体のデザイン上に大きな制約を及ぼすという難点を有し、その上、いずれの場合においても隙間や換気口がドアの遮音機能を大きく損なうことになる。
【０００４】
このような問題点を解消するために、例えば、特開平８ー２４００８２号公報に記載されているように、ドアを気密構造とする一方、このドアを開閉自在に設けているドア枠における上枠の上面にドアの内外側に連通する上向き開口の凹部又は通孔を設けてなる通気構造が提案されている。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記のように構成したドア枠の通気構造によれば、上枠に通気用凹部又は通孔を設けているために外部からこの通気構造が見え難く、従って、ドアの意匠性を損なう虞れがないと共に、ドアの内外に自然流通する空気が直接人体に当たらないという利点を有するが、凹部又は通孔が上向きに開口しているために、塵埃が滞留し易くて長期間に亘る塵埃の堆積により通気抵抗が高くなって充分な通気機能を発揮することができなくなる虞れがある。さらに、凹部又は通孔の清掃が極めて困難であって上記塵埃の除去が行い難いために、上述した塵埃の堆積を防止することができないという問題点がある。
【０００６】
本発明はこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは極めて良好な通気機能を発揮すると共に意匠性を損なう虞れもなく、さらに、塵埃の堆積なども生じない上に清掃も容易に行えて常に良好な外観を呈し、また、遮音機能も兼ね備えた通気用ドア枠を提供するにある。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために本発明の通気用ドア枠は、請求項１に記載したように、四方内周面における中央部にドアを気密に閉鎖させる戸当りのパッキンを固定してなるドアー枠において、このドア枠のドア上枠は、一定厚みを有する長方形状の上枠基板の前後端部の下面に全長に亘って一定高さを有する角棒状の前後枠材を固着していると共に該上枠基板の長さ方向の両側端部下面に高さが上記前後枠材の高さ寸法よりも低い端部枠材を固着してこれらの端部枠材の下面間に上記前後枠材の対向面間の幅よりも小幅で且つ上記上枠基板と同一長さを有する長方形状の下側面材を架設してその両側端部の上面を両端部枠材の下面に固着することにより、上枠基板と下側面材との対向面間と前後枠材と両端部枠材とで囲まれた一定厚みを有する平面長方形状の偏平空間部を通気空間部に形成していると共に前後枠材の下端部対向面と下側面材の前後端面との対向面間で形成された細幅スリット形状の隙間を上記通気空間部と連通し且つ閉鎖したドアの前後面側に向かってそれぞれ下向きに開口した前後通気口に形成してなり、さらに、このドア上枠における上記通気空間部内に、この通気空間部の厚みに等しい厚みを有し、且つ、前後方向に貫通した多数の小口径の直状通気路を多列、多層に並設、集合してなる通気部材を配設し、この通気部材の全ての直状通気路の前後開口端を上記前後通気口に連通させてなる構造としている。
【０００８】
上記構成の通気用ドア枠において、請求項２に係る発明は、上記下側面材の下面よりも上枠基板の前後端部の下面に固着している前後枠材の下面を上方に位置させた構造としている。
【０００９】
【作用】
ドア枠の上枠に、通気空間部と該通気空間部を通じてドアの前後面側に向けて開口した通気口を設けているので、室内や室外側からは見え難い位置にあり、外観上、目立つことがなく、ドアの意匠性を損なう虞れはない。また、上記前後の通気口は下向きに開口しているので、塵埃が浸入して堆積する虞れもなく、従って、通気性を損なうことはない。その上、ドアを開放して上枠の下面を全面的に露出させ、この状態にして通気口を清掃したり、或いは、ドアを開放することなく一方の下向き開口の通気口に掃除機の吸引管の開口端を臨ませて吸引又は排気することにより、該通気口に付着している埃や通気空間部内に侵入している塵埃等を容易に且つ確実に除去することができ、清潔で良好な外観を呈する。
【００１０】
さらに、ドア上枠の下面に開口している一方の通気口から空気流が上枠内の通気空間部に入ると、他方の通気口を通じてドアで仕切られた他方の室側や通路側に円滑に流通し、良好な換気が行われる。
【００１１】
また、ドア上枠内に設けている上記通気空間部内に、多数の小口径の直状通気路を同一方向に向けた状態で多列、多層に並設、集合してなる通気部材を配設し、この通気部材の直状通気路を上記前後通気口に連通させているので、一方の通気口から入った空気流が通気部材の多数の集合した直状通気路内を殆ど抵抗を受けることなく真っ直ぐに流通、通過し、他方の通気口から円滑に流出して通気を行う。その上、一方の通気口から入った音が上記直状通気路に侵入する時に、該通気口と小口径の直状通気路との断面積の著しい相違によって音響インピーダンスが急激に変化して他方の通気口に至る間に音が減衰され、さらに、直状空気路から他方の通気口を通じて放出する際にも再び音響インピーダンスが急激に変化して音が減衰され、従って、ドア上枠内の空気空間部を通じて前後通気口がドアの前後面側に連通しているもかかわらず、遮音性に優れたドア枠を構成することができる。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の具体的な実施の形態を図面について説明すると、図１、図２において、ドア枠Ａは上枠１と沓摺り11の両端間に左右側枠12を一体に設けることによって形成されてあり、このドア枠Ａを周知のように、室内空間を仕切っている壁Ｂに設けられた縦長矩形状開口部内周面に固着して出入口を形成してると共に該ドア枠Ａにこのドア枠Ａの前後方向の幅よりも前後面板間の厚みが薄く形成されているドアＣを開閉自在に配設している。
【００１３】
上記ドア枠Ａにおいて、上枠１はその内部を中空の通気空間部２に形成していると共に該上枠１の下面前後部、即ち、ドアＣの前後面に対してそれぞれ前後方向に突出している部分に、前後長辺端面から小間隔を存して該長辺端面に平行な下向きに開口した一定幅を有するスリット状の前後通気口３、４を設けてあり、これらの前後通気口３、４の上端を上記通気空間部２の前後部にそれぞれ連通させている。従って、前側の通気口３はドアＣによって区画されたドア前面側の室内又は通路に臨んでいる一方、後側の通気口４はドア後面側の室内又は通路に臨んでいて、これらの通気口３、４と上記通気空間部２を通じてドアＣで区画された隣接する室内或いは室内と通路の空間が互いに連通した構造となっている。
【００１４】
上記上枠１の構造を更に詳しく説明すると、図３〜図５に示すように、一定の厚みと幅及び長さを有する長方形状の上枠基板1aの前後端部下面に一定高さを有する角棒状の前後枠材1b、1bを全長に亘って固着すると共に上記上枠基板1aの長さ方向の両側端部下面に前後端面を前後枠材1b、1bの対向端面に密着させて前後枠材1b、1bの高さ寸法よりも低い高さ（厚さ）を有する端部枠材1c、1cを固着し、さらに、両端部枠材1c、1cの下面間に上記前後枠材1b、1bの対向面間の幅よりも小幅で且つ上枠基板1aと同一長さを有する長方形状の下側面材1dを架設して該下側面材1dの長さ方向の両側端部の上面を両端部枠材1c、1cの下面に固着することにより、上枠基板1aと下側面材1dとの対向面間と前後枠材1b、1bと両端部枠材1c、1cとで囲まれた一定厚みを有する平面長方形状の偏平空間部を上記通気空間部２に形成していると共に前後枠材1b、1bの下端部対向面と下側面材1dの前後端面との対向面間で形成された細幅スリット形状の隙間を上記前後通気口３、４にそれぞれ形成しているものである。
【００１５】
このように構成した上枠１において、上記通気空間部２は両端部枠材1c、1c間に亘って全面的に連通した１つの広い空間部のまゝにしておいてもよいが、本実施例においては、この通気空間部２を上記両端部枠材1c、1cと同長、同厚で適宜幅を有する複数の仕切桟部材５により、所望長さ間隔毎に複数の分割通気空間部2aに区画されている。なお、隣接する分割通気空間部2a、2a間を仕切桟部材５によって完全に不通状態に区画しておいてもよいが、該仕切桟部材５の長さを短くしたり、厚みを薄く形成しておく等によって互いに連通させた構造としておいてもよい。
【００１６】
また、上記各分割通気空間部2a内には、多数の小口径の直状通気路７を同一方向に向けた状態で多列、多層に並設、集合してなる通気部材６を、その直状通気路７を前後方向に向けて配設してあり、全ての直状通気路７の前後開口端を上記前後通気口３、４にそれぞれ連通させている。
【００１７】
上記通気部材６としては図６に示すように、薄肉合成樹脂シートからなる上下ライナ6a、6aを上下に小間隔を存して対向させていると共にこれらの上下ライナ6a、6aの対向面間を該ライナの幅方向に小間隔毎に並設した帯状隔壁片6bによって連結してなるプラスチック段ボール6Aを複数枚、一体に積層してなる積層体から構成しているものであるが、段ボール以外に全長に亘って貫通した小口径の多数のハニカムの集合体や、幅方向に連続的に全長に亘って連通する凹凸加工を形成した板材の積層体から構成してもよく、要するに、全長に亘って連通する多数の小口径直状通気路７が同一方向に向けた状態で多列、多層に集合した構造であればよい。
【００１８】
なお、通気部材６が段ボールより構成している場合には、プラスチック段ボール以外に紙段ボール製であってもよく、さらに、段ボールとしては片面段ボールの積層体であっても、両面段ボールの積層体であってもよい。この段ボールを上記各分割通気空間部2aにそれぞれ収納可能な大きさで且つ前後両端面間の幅、即ち小口径直状通気路７の長さが上記下側面板1dの幅以下になるように裁断すると共に分割通気空間部2aの厚みに略々等しい厚みとなるように複数枚積層して上記通気部材６を形成している。この通気部材６に設けている上記直状通気路７の大きさは、該直状通気路７が四角形状の場合、良好な通気機能を発揮させるには一辺の長さが２mm以上、遮音性を考慮すれば６mm以下が好ましい。また、直状通気路７が四角形状以外の異形断面を有している場合においても、その断面積が4mm²〜36mm²の範囲のものを用いればよい。
【００１９】
いずれにしても、通気部材６はこれらの多数の小口径直状通気路７を多列、多層に集合した積層構造を有しており、且つ、直状通気路７の壁を形成するライナ6aや帯状隔壁片6bは0.5mm 厚以下の極めて薄肉のものであるから、通気部材６の断面積に対する全ての直状通気路７の開口面積、即ち、通気部材６の開口率は80％以上に構成されている。
【００２０】
このように構成した通気部材６はその両側端面を隣接する仕切桟部材５、５の対向面間又は枠材1cと仕切桟部材５の対向面間に接した状態にし且つ前後端面に開口している直状通気路７をそれぞれ前後通気口３、４の上端部に対して直角に臨ませた状態にしてそれぞれ各分割通気空間部2a内に配設され、少なくとも上下いずれかの面を基板1a又は下側面材1dに接着剤等によって固着されている。
【００２１】
上記のようにドア枠Ａの上枠１を構成しているので、ドアＣが閉鎖している状態において、このドアＣの前後いずれか一方側、例えば前方側の室内或いは通路からの空気流が上枠１の下面前端部に下向きに開口している前側通気口３に流入すると、通気空間部２を通じて後側通気口４から後方側の室内或いは通路に円滑に流通して換気作用を行う。
【００２２】
この時、通気空間部２における各分割通気空間部2a内には前後方向に貫通した多数の直状通気路７を多列、多層に設けてなる通気部材６を配設しているので、一方の通気口３から流入した空気流が、直角に向きを変えながらこれらの直状通気路７内を殆ど抵抗を受けることなく真っ直ぐに流通して他方の通気口４から流出するものである。
【００２３】
また、ドアＣが密閉されている状態において、一方の室内或いは通路側で音が発生すると、その音は一方の通気口３から通気空間部２を通じて他方の通気口４に漏出しようとするが、通気口３、４が室内側又は通路側の空間部の極く一部に向かって開口しているために、音波が伝播する断面積の差が大きくなって音響インピーダンスが急激に変化し、両者の境界面で反射が生じてそのエネルギの全てが伝播することなく減衰されるものであり、さらに、通気空間部２内に配設している通気部材６の直状通気路７の断面積が通気空間部２の断面積に比して極めて小さいので、各直状通気路７内に音波が入る時、及びこれらの直状通気路７から音波がでる時に、断面積の変化によって上記同様に音響インピーダンスが急激に変化し、両者の境界面で反射が生じてそのエネルギが一層、減衰され、良好な遮音機能を奏するものである。なお、ドアＣが気密に閉鎖させるためにドア枠Ａの四方内周面における中央部に固定した戸当り９にパッキン（図示せず）を介してドアＣが閉止するように構成されている。
【００２４】
図７は遮音性を一層良好にするために、上枠１の少なくとも１つの分割通気空間部2a内に上記通気部材６と共にグラスウール、ロックウール等からなる吸音材８を配設した別な実施例を示すものである。即ち、同図においては上枠１内の端部枠材1cと仕切桟部材5'間の分割通気空間部2aを除いて隣接する仕切桟部材5'、5'間の分割通気空間部2a内に通気部材６と共に吸音材８を配設している。吸音材８は通気部材６と前後方向の幅が同一幅で長さが短く形成されてあり、分割通気空間部2aの中央部に通気部材６をその直状通気路７を前後方向に向けて上記同様に配設すると共にこの通気部材６の両側端面と仕切桟部材5'の対向端面間に上記吸音材８を配設、固定した構造としている。なお、仕切部材5'の前後端面を同図に示すように、前後枠材1b、1bの対向内面に当接させることなく離しておいてもよい。
【００２５】
このように構成した上枠１によれば、前後通気口３、４間の通気性は通気部材６の多数の直状通気路７によって上記同様に確保し得ると共に通気口３内に入った音や通気部材６の直状通気路７を通過した音が吸音材９により吸収されて防音効果を一層高めることができる。なお、吸音材８としてはロックウール等の繊維系以外に発泡ウレタンのような発泡樹脂系の材料を採用してもよく、また、実用上の通気性能を低下させない範囲で通気部材６の一部を吸音材８に置換することにより遮音性能を向上させるものであって、この場合、遮音性能や通気性能、コスト等を考慮して適宜変更すればよい。その他の構造は上記実施例と同一であるので、同一部分には同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
【００２６】
図８は上記実施例の変形例を示すもので、上記実施例においては上枠１を形成している基板1aの下面前後端部に固着した枠材1b、1bの下面と下側面材1dとの下面を略々同一水平面上に位置させているが、この実施例においてはドアＣの開放側における枠材1b' の基板1aからの突出長（高さ）高さを短くして戸当り９を取り付けている下側面材1dの下面よりも該枠材1b' の下面が上方に位置するように構成している。なお、短くする寸法は下側面材1dの厚み以内にして外部から上枠１内に配設した上記通気部材６等が見えないようにする。その他の構造は上記実施例と同一であるので、同一部分には同一符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。このように構成すると、ドアＣの厚みが大きくてその一部がドア上枠１の上記下側面材1dの端部からはみ出る場合、該はみ出したドアＣの端部上面と枠材1b' の下面との間の隙間10を広く形成することができて空気の流通が円滑に行わせることができる。
【００２７】
次に、本発明の具体的な実施例と比較例とを示すと共にこれらの通気性、遮音性を比較する。
【００２８】
〔実施例１〕
図１〜図２で説明したドア構造において、上枠１として厚さ12mm、幅112mm 、長さ730mm の合板からなる基板1aの前後端部下面に厚さ（高さ）18mm、幅15mm、長さ730mm の角棒状合板からなる前後枠材1b、1bを全長に亘って固着すると共に上記上枠基板1aの両側端部下面に厚さ９mm、幅82mm、長さ50mmの合板よりなる端部枠材1c、1cを固着し、さらに、これらの端部枠材1c、1c間における基板1aの下面に長さ方向に55mm、185mm 、185mm 、55mm間隔毎に端部枠材1cと同一形状、大きさの合板製仕切桟部材５を固着すると共にこれらの間隔空間部内に通気部材６をその直状通気路７が基板1aの短辺方向に平行に向けて取り付ける。
【００２９】
上記通気部材６としては、開口大きさが３×４mmの直状通気路７を並設してなるプラスチック段ボールを３枚、積層して厚さ９mm、幅55mm、長さ55mmの通気部材と厚み９mm、幅55mm、長さ185mm の通気部材とを形成し、これらの仕切桟部材５で仕切られた間隔空間部内に配設した。なお、通気部材６の固定手段としては基板1aの下面にその対向面を両面テープや接着剤で行えばよい。しかるのち、両端部枠材1c、1cの下面間に厚さ９mm、幅70mm、長さ730mm の下側面材1dを架設してその両側端部の上面を両端部枠材1c、1cの下面に固着し、上記前後枠材1b、1bと該下側面材1dの前後端面との間に６mm幅でもって全長に亘り、上記通気部材６の直状通気路７に連通するスリット状の通気口３、４をそれぞれ形成した。なお、上枠1aの特に目立つ部分については必要に応じて化粧シート貼りや塗装により化粧仕上げを行った。
【００３０】
〔実施例２〕
図７で示した吸音材８を採用している上枠１であって、実施例１と相違する点は隣接する仕切桟部材５、５間の間隔空間部内に厚さ９mm、幅55mm、長さ95m の通気部材６を用い、この通気部材６の両側に厚さ９mm、幅55mm、長さ45mmのグラスウールよりなる吸音材８、８を配した構造としている点である。この上枠１を用いて実施例１と同様にドア構造を構成した。その他の構造は上記実施例と同様である。
【００３１】
〔比較例１〕
図９で示した従来より用いられている一般的なドア構造において、ドア枠Ａに開閉自在に設けているドアＣの下端面と床面Ｄとの間に６mmの通気用隙間Ｅを設けてなる通気構造とした。なお、以上の実施例１、２及びこの比較例１においては、上枠１以外のその他の構造は通常のドアと同じ構造とした。これらの実施例１、実施例２及び比較例１のドア構造における遮音性と通気性についての測定結果を表１に示す。
【００３２】
【表１】

【００３３】
上記表１において、遮音性能はJIS A 4717により、対になっている残響室の界壁開口部に各枠材及びドアを取り付けて試験し、両室の平均音圧レベルを求めてその差から遮音性を求めた。なお、遮音等級はJIS A 4706に基づいて判定した。一方、通気性能は図10に示すように測定用ボックス41と微風速計43を備えたＵＶ管42とからなる測定装置40を用い、ボックス41の開口端を試験体であるドアの上枠１に開口している一方の通気口（比較例１の場合は隙間Ｅの一方の開放側）に連通させる一方、ＵＶ管42の他端開口部に通気扇44を取り付けて該通気扇44を駆動して48m³/hの風量で換気し、測定した風速から風量を計算した。なお、通気量30m³/hで９畳の部屋を１時間に１回、換気する量に相当し、通気量40m³/hで12畳の部屋を１時間に１回、換気する量に相当する。
【００３４】
上記表１から明らかなように、実施例１、２と比較例１とを比較した場合、実施例ではいずれの周波数域においても比較例１に比べて遮音等級が１ランク優れた値を示していて遮音性能が優れている。また、実施例２の周波数域は実施例１に比べて大きく変化しないが、吸音材８の吸音性能によって１kHz 前後の通常頻繁に発生する周波数域において優れた値を示す。
【００３５】
通気性能に関しては、実施例１及び実施例２は比較例１に比べて多少劣るものの、９〜12畳程度の換気量も充分に確保しており、実質的に問題はない。なお、実施例１と実施例２との通気量の差は吸音材の有無によるものであり、通気部材６の配設面積を減少させて吸音材８の配設面積を増大させると遮音性は向上するが通気性能は悪くなる。このように、実施例１及び実施例２で示したドア枠の通気構造によれば、遮音性能と通気性能の両方を満足しているものである。
【００３６】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明の通気用ドア枠によれば、四方内周面における中央部にドアを気密に閉鎖させる戸当りのパッキンを固定してなるドアー枠において、このドア枠のドア上枠は、一定厚みを有する長方形状の上枠基板の前後端部の下面に全長に亘って一定高さを有する角棒状の前後枠材を固着していると共に該上枠基板の長さ方向の両側端部下面に高さが上記前後枠材の高さ寸法よりも低い端部枠材を固着してこれらの端部枠材の下面間に上記前後枠材の対向面間の幅よりも小幅で且つ上記上枠基板と同一長さを有する長方形状の下側面材を架設してその両側端部の上面を両端部枠材の下面に固着することにより、上枠基板と下側面材との対向面間と前後枠材と両端部枠材とで囲まれた一定厚みを有する平面長方形状の偏平空間部を通気空間部に形成していると共に前後枠材の下端部対向面と下側面材の前後端面との対向面間で形成された細幅スリット形状の隙間を上記通気空間部と連通し且つ閉鎖したドアの前後面側に向かってそれぞれ下向きに開口した前後通気口に形成してなるものであるから、外観上、目立つことがなく、ドアの意匠性を損なう虞れはないと共に、上記前後の通気口は下向きに開口しているので、塵埃が浸入して堆積する虞れもなく、長期に亘って円滑な通気性を保持することができる。その上、室内や通路側から下向きに開口した前後通気口の清掃が容易に行え、一方の通気口に掃除機の吸引管の開口端を臨ませて吸引又は排気することにより、該通気口に付着している埃や通気空間部内に侵入している塵埃等を簡単且つ確実に除去することができて常に清潔で良好な外観を維持しておくことができる。
【００３７】
さらに、ドア上枠の下面に開口している一方の通気口から流入した空気流を上枠内の通気空間部内を通じて他方の通気口側に円滑に流通させることができ、ドアで仕切られた居室等の空間部の良好な換気が可能となるものである。このように、ドア上枠側でドア内外間の通気を行わせるので、ドアに通気機能を持たせる必要はなく、ドアの意匠上の自由度が高まり、外観の優れたドア構造を構成することができる。
【００３８】
また、このドア上枠における上記通気空間部内に、この通気空間部の厚みに等しい厚みを有し、且つ、前後方向に貫通した多数の小口径の直状通気路を多列、多層に並設、集合してなる通気部材を配設し、この通気部材の全ての直状通気路の前後開口端を上記前後通気口に連通させているので、一方の通気口から入った空気流を通気部材の多数の集合した直状通気路内を通じて殆ど抵抗を受けることなく真っ直ぐに流通、通過させることができ、他方の通気口から円滑に流出して通気を行うことができると共に、一方の通気口から入った音が上記直状通気路に侵入する時に、該通気口と小口径の直状通気路との断面積の著しい相違によって音響インピーダンスが急激に変化して他方の通気口に至る間に音が減衰され、さらに、直状空気路から他方の通気口を通じて放出する際にも再び音響インピーダンスが急激に変化して音が減衰され、従って、ドア上枠内の空気空間部を通じて前後通気口がドアの前後面側に連通しているもかかわらず、遮音性に優れたドア枠を構成することができる。
【００３９】
その上、この通気部材をドア上枠内の通気空間部内に配設するという単純な手順によって通気並びに遮音機能を備えたドア枠を簡単且つ正確に作製することができるものであり、また、上記通気部材として、小間隔を存して対向した薄肉のライナの対向面間を該ライナの幅方向に小間隔毎に全長に亘って並設した薄肉の帯状隔離片によって連結することにより隣接する帯状隔離片間を小口径の直状通気路に形成してなる段ボールの積層体を採用することによって、通気部材の断面積に対する直状通気路集合体の通気開口率が80％以上にすることができて通気抵抗の極めて少ない良好な通気作用を奏する通気部材を容易に得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示すドア構造全体の一部切欠斜視図、
【図２】その簡略縦断側面図、
【図３】ドア上枠の一部切欠下面図、
【図４】その簡略縦断正面図、
【図５】その一部拡大斜視図、
【図６】通気部材の簡略斜視図、
【図７】本発明の別な構造のドア上枠の一部切欠下面図、
【図８】本発明のさらに別な構造のドア上枠を有するドア構造の要部の縦断側面図、
【図９】従来例を示す簡略縦断側面図、
【図１０】測定方法を示す装置の簡略側面図。
【符号の説明】
１上枠
２通気空間部
３、４通気口
６通気部材
７直状通気路
Ａドア枠
Ｃドア[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ventilation door frame having a ventilation function in a door frame forming a doorway between rooms in a house or the like, or a doorway between a passage and a room.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, doors that can be freely opened and closed on the door frame that forms the doorway use a sound insulating material as the constituent material of the door body, while the door attached to the door frame and the door stop abut on each other. In recent years, with the spread of highly airtight houses, there is an increasing demand for a door structure having a ventilation function despite the fact that the doors are closed.
[0003]
For this reason, as shown in FIG. 9, a gap E is provided between the lower end surface of the door C provided on the door frame A so as to be freely opened and closed and the floor surface D, or at the lower portions of the front and back surfaces of the door body. A door structure is provided in which ventilation openings are provided and these front and back ventilation openings communicate with each other through the hollow interior of the door body. In the former case, however, the gap formed between the lower end of the door and the floor is unsightly. In addition, there is a problem that light is leaked from the gap as well as appearance, and in the latter case, the vents on the front and back sides have a great restriction on the design of the door body, and in addition, the gap in any case And vents greatly impair the sound insulation function of the door.
[0004]
In order to solve such problems, for example, as described in JP-A-8-240082, the door has an airtight structure, and the upper frame of the door frame provided with the door openable and closable. A ventilation structure has been proposed in which a recess or a through hole having an upward opening communicating with the inner and outer sides of the door is provided on the upper surface of the door.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the door frame ventilation structure configured as described above, the ventilation structure is difficult to see from the outside because the ventilation recess or through hole is provided in the upper frame, and therefore the design of the door may be impaired. In addition to this, there is an advantage that the air that naturally circulates inside and outside the door does not directly hit the human body, but because the recesses or through-holes open upward, the dust tends to stay and the dust will stay for a long time. There is a possibility that the ventilation resistance becomes high due to the deposition of the liquid and the sufficient ventilation function cannot be exhibited. Further, since it is very difficult to clean the recess or the through hole and it is difficult to remove the dust, there is a problem that the accumulation of the dust cannot be prevented.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a very good ventilation function, not to impair the design, and to prevent dust accumulation and the like. Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a ventilation door frame that can be easily cleaned and always has a good appearance and also has a sound insulation function.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the vent door frame of the present invention is as described in claim 1. In a door frame formed by fixing a door-to-door packing that closes the door in an airtight manner at the center of the inner peripheral surface of the four sides, the door upper frame of the door frame has front and rear end portions of a rectangular upper frame substrate having a certain thickness. A rectangular bar-shaped front and rear frame member having a constant height is fixed to the lower surface of the upper frame substrate, and the height is lower than the height dimension of the front and rear frame members on the lower surfaces of both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the upper frame substrate. A rectangular lower side surface having a lower width than the width between the opposing surfaces of the front and rear frame members, and having the same length as the upper frame substrate, between the lower end frame members fixed to each other. By laying the material and fixing the upper surface of both side end portions to the lower surface of the both end frame material, it was surrounded by the front and rear frame materials and both end frame materials between the opposed surfaces of the upper frame substrate and the lower side surface material. A flat rectangular flat space portion having a certain thickness is formed in the ventilation space portion and a pair of lower end portions of the front and rear frame members Front and rear vents that open a narrow slit-shaped gap formed between the opposing surfaces of the front surface and the front and rear end surfaces of the lower side material to the vent space and open downward toward the front and rear surfaces of the closed door In addition, a large number of small-diameter straight vent passages having a thickness equal to the thickness of the vent space portion and penetrating in the front-rear direction are provided in the vent space portion of the door upper frame. Ventilation members arranged in a row and in multiple layers are arranged, and the front and rear opening ends of all the straight ventilation paths of the ventilation members are communicated with the front and rear ventilation ports. It has a structure.
[0008]
In the vent door frame configured as described above, the invention according to claim 2 is: Position the lower surface of the front and rear frame members fixed to the lower surface of the front and rear end portions of the upper frame substrate above the lower surface of the lower side material. The structure is made to be.
[0009]
[Action]
The upper frame of the door frame is provided with a ventilation space and a vent opening that opens toward the front and rear surfaces of the door through the ventilation space. And there is no risk of impairing the design of the door. In addition, since the front and rear vents are opened downward, there is no possibility of dust entering and accumulating, and therefore the air permeability is not impaired. In addition, the door is opened to expose the entire lower surface of the upper frame, and the air vent is cleaned in this state, or the vacuum cleaner sucks into the one downward-opening air vent without opening the door. By sucking or exhausting while facing the open end of the tube, dust adhering to the vent or dust entering the vent space can be easily and reliably removed, and it is clean and good Appears with a unique appearance.
[0010]
Furthermore, when an air flow enters the ventilation space in the upper frame from one of the vents opened on the lower surface of the door upper frame, it smoothly flows to the other chamber side or passage side partitioned by the door through the other vent port. Good ventilation is distributed.
[0011]
Also, Inside the door upper frame A plurality of small-diameter straight air passages arranged in the same direction are arranged in multiple rows and multiple layers in a row in the ventilation space portion provided in the ventilation space portion. Since the straight air passage is communicated with the front and rear vents, the air flow from one of the air vents flows and passes straight through the gathered straight air passages with almost no resistance. Then, the air flows out smoothly through the other vent hole. In addition, when the sound from one vent enters the straight vent passage, the acoustic impedance changes abruptly due to a significant difference in cross-sectional area between the vent vent and the small vent straight vent passage. The sound is attenuated while it reaches the air vent, and when it is released from the straight air passage through the other air vent, the acoustic impedance is suddenly changed again and the sound is attenuated. Even though the front and rear vents communicate with the front and rear surface sides of the door through the air space, a door frame with excellent sound insulation can be configured.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the door frame A is formed by integrally providing a left and right side frame 12 between both ends of the upper frame 1 and the hail 11. As is well known, the door frame A is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the vertically long rectangular opening provided on the wall B partitioning the indoor space to form an entrance and exit. A door C, in which the thickness between the front and rear face plates is thinner than the width in the front-rear direction of the door frame A, is disposed so as to be freely opened and closed.
[0013]
In the door frame A, the upper frame 1 has a hollow ventilation space portion 2 formed therein and protrudes in the front-rear direction with respect to the front and rear portions of the lower surface of the upper frame 1, that is, the front and rear surfaces of the door C. Are provided with slit-shaped front and

rear vents

3 and 4 having a constant width and opened downward in parallel with the long side end surface at a small interval from the front and rear long side end surfaces. 4 are communicated with the front and rear portions of the ventilation space 2 respectively. Accordingly, the front vent 3 faces the interior or passage on the front side of the door defined by the door C, while the rear vent 4 faces the interior or passage on the rear side of the door. The adjoining room or the room and the passage space defined by the door C through the

air flow spaces

2 and 3 and 4 communicate with each other.
[0014]
The structure of the upper frame 1 will be described in more detail. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the lower surface of the front and rear end portions of the rectangular upper frame substrate 1a having a certain thickness, width and length has a certain height. The front and rear frame members 1b and 1b in the form of square bars are fixed over the entire length, and the front and rear end surfaces are brought into close contact with the opposite end surfaces of the front and rear frame members 1b and 1b on the lower surfaces of both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the upper frame substrate 1a. The

end frame materials

1c and 1c having a height (thickness) lower than the height dimension of the materials 1b and 1b are fixed, and the front and rear frame materials 1b and 1b are sandwiched between the bottom surfaces of the both

end frame materials

1c and 1c. A rectangular lower side surface material 1d having a width smaller than the width between the opposing surfaces and having the same length as that of the upper frame substrate 1a is erected, and the upper surfaces of both side ends in the length direction of the lower side surface material 1d are both ends. By fixing to the lower surface of the

frame material

1c, 1c, a constant thickness surrounded by the opposing surfaces of the upper frame substrate 1a and the lower side surface material 1d and the front and rear frame materials 1b, 1b and both

end frame materials

1c, 1c. Have flat A narrow slit shape formed between the opposing surfaces of the front and rear end surfaces of the front and rear frame members 1b and 1d and the lower side surface material 1d and a rectangular flat space portion formed in the ventilation space portion 2 Are formed in the front and

rear vents

3, 4 respectively.
[0015]
In the upper frame 1 configured as described above, the ventilation space portion 2 may be left as one wide space portion that communicates entirely between the

frame materials

1c and 1c at both ends. In the example, the ventilation space portion 2 is divided into a plurality of divided ventilation space portions 2a for each desired length interval by a plurality of partition beam members 5 having the same length, the same thickness and the appropriate width as the both

end frame members

1c, 1c. It is divided into. The adjacent divided

ventilation space portions

2a and 2a may be partitioned completely by the partition beam member 5, but the length of the partition beam member 5 is reduced or the thickness is reduced. Alternatively, the structure may be made to communicate with each other.
[0016]
Further, in each of the divided ventilation spaces 2a, a plurality of small-diameter straight ventilation passages 7 are arranged in parallel and arranged in multiple rows and multiple layers in the same direction, and the ventilation members 6 arranged in a row are arranged directly there. The air passages 7 are arranged in the front-rear direction, and the front and rear opening ends of all the straight air passages 7 communicate with the front and

rear air vents

3 and 4, respectively.
[0017]
As the ventilation member 6, as shown in FIG. 6, the upper and

lower liners

6a, 6a made of a thin synthetic resin sheet are opposed to each other with a small gap in the vertical direction and between the opposed surfaces of these upper and

lower liners

6a, 6a. It is composed of a laminated body in which a plurality of plastic corrugated cardboards 6A connected by strip-shaped partition wall pieces 6b arranged in parallel in the width direction of the liner are laminated together. It may be composed of an aggregate of a large number of small-diameter honeycombs penetrating over the entire length, or a laminated body of plate materials formed with uneven processing continuously communicating over the entire length in the width direction. It is only necessary that a large number of small-diameter straight air passages 7 communicating with each other are arranged in multiple rows and multiple layers in the same direction.
[0018]
When the ventilation member 6 is made of corrugated cardboard, it may be made of paper corrugated cardboard in addition to plastic corrugated cardboard. Further, the corrugated cardboard may be a single-sided cardboard laminate or a double-sided cardboard laminate. There may be. The cardboard is sized so that it can be stored in each of the divided ventilation spaces 2a, and the width between the front and rear end faces, that is, the length of the small-diameter straight ventilation path 7 is cut to be equal to or less than the width of the lower side plate 1d. In addition, the ventilation member 6 is formed by laminating a plurality of sheets so as to have a thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the divided ventilation space 2a. The size of the straight ventilation path 7 provided in the ventilation member 6 is such that, when the straight ventilation path 7 is a square shape, the length of one side is 2 mm or more in order to exhibit a good ventilation function. Is preferably 6 mm or less. Even when the straight air passage 7 has an irregular cross section other than a square shape, the cross-sectional area is 4 mm. ² ~ 36mm ² The thing of the range of may be used.
[0019]
In any case, the ventilation member 6 has a laminated structure in which the large number of small-diameter straight air passages 7 are gathered in multiple rows and multiple layers, and the liner 6a that forms the wall of the straight air passage 7 Since the strip-like partition piece 6b is extremely thin with a thickness of 0.5 mm or less, the opening area of all the straight air passages 7 relative to the cross-sectional area of the ventilation member 6, that is, the opening ratio of the ventilation member 6 is configured to be 80% or more. Has been.
[0020]
The ventilation member 6 configured as described above has both end surfaces in contact with the opposing surfaces of the adjacent

partition beam members

5 and 5 or between the opposing surfaces of the frame member 1c and the partition beam member 5, and is open to the front and rear end surfaces. The straight ventilation paths 7 are arranged in the respective divided ventilation space portions 2a so as to face the upper ends of the front and

rear ventilation ports

3 and 4, respectively, and at least one of the upper and lower surfaces is disposed on the substrate 1a. Alternatively, it is fixed to the lower surface material 1d with an adhesive or the like.
[0021]
Since the upper frame 1 of the door frame A is configured as described above, in the state where the door C is closed, the air flow from either the front or rear side of the door C, for example, the room or passage on the front side, is When the air flows into the front vent 3 that opens downward at the front end of the lower surface of the upper frame 1, it smoothly flows from the rear vent 4 through the vent space 2 to the room or passage on the rear side for ventilation.
[0022]
At this time, a plurality of straight ventilation paths 7 penetrating in the front-rear direction are provided in each divided ventilation space 2a in the ventilation space 2 so that the ventilation member 6 is provided in multiple rows and multiple layers. The air flow flowing in from the air vent 3 circulates straight through these straight air passages 7 with almost no resistance while changing the direction at right angles, and flows out from the other air vent 4.
[0023]
Further, in the state where the door C is sealed, if sound is generated in one room or passage side, the sound tends to leak from one vent 3 to the other vent 4 through the vent space 2. Since the

vents

3 and 4 are opened toward a very small part of the space on the indoor side or the passage side, the difference in cross-sectional area through which sound waves propagate increases, and the acoustic impedance changes abruptly. The reflection is generated at the boundary surface of the ventilation member 6 so that all of the energy is attenuated without propagating, and the cross-sectional area of the straight ventilation path 7 of the ventilation member 6 disposed in the ventilation space 2 is further reduced. Since the cross-sectional area of the ventilation space 2 is extremely small, when sound waves enter the straight air passages 7 and when sound waves are emitted from the straight air passages 7, the cross-sectional area changes in the same manner as described above. The acoustic impedance changes suddenly, and the interface between the two Its energy is further reflection occurs, is attenuated, in which exhibits good sound insulation function. In addition, in order to close the door C in an airtight manner, the door C is configured to be closed via a packing (not shown) on a door stop 9 fixed to the center of the four-way inner peripheral surface of the door frame A.
[0024]
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in which a sound absorbing material 8 made of glass wool, rock wool or the like is disposed in the at least one divided ventilation space 2a of the upper frame 1 together with the ventilation member 6 in order to further improve the sound insulation. Is shown. That is, in the figure, except for the divided ventilation space portion 2a between the end frame material 1c in the upper frame 1 and the partition beam member 5 ', the inside of the divided ventilation space portion 2a between the adjacent partition beam members 5' and 5 '. A sound absorbing material 8 is disposed together with the ventilation member 6. The sound absorbing material 8 has the same width in the front-rear direction as the ventilation member 6 and a shorter length, and the ventilation member 6 is placed in the center of the divided ventilation space 2a with its straight ventilation path 7 facing in the front-rear direction. The sound absorbing material 8 is disposed and fixed between the both end surfaces of the ventilation member 6 and the opposing end surface of the partition beam member 5 ′. Note that the front and rear end surfaces of the partition member 5 ′ may be separated from each other without being brought into contact with the opposed inner surfaces of the front and rear frame members 1b and 1b, as shown in FIG.
[0025]
According to the upper frame 1 configured as described above, the air permeability between the front and

rear vents

3 and 4 can be ensured in the same manner as described above by the large number of the straight vent passages 7 of the vent member 6, and the sound entering the vent port 3 can be secured. In addition, the sound that has passed through the straight ventilation path 7 of the ventilation member 6 is absorbed by the sound absorbing material 9, and the soundproofing effect can be further enhanced. The sound absorbing material 8 may be a foamed resin material such as urethane foam in addition to a fiber material such as rock wool, and a part of the ventilation member 6 within a range not impairing the practical ventilation performance. Is replaced with the sound absorbing material 8 to improve the sound insulation performance. In this case, the sound insulation performance, ventilation performance, cost, and the like may be appropriately changed. Since other structures are the same as those in the above embodiment, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.
[0026]
FIG. 8 shows a modification of the above-described embodiment. In the above-described embodiment, the bottom surfaces of the frame members 1b and 1b fixed to the front and rear end portions of the substrate 1a forming the upper frame 1 and the lower side surface material 1d are shown. In this embodiment, the projection length (height) of the frame member 1b 'from the substrate 1a on the open side of the door C is shortened to reduce the height of the door contact 9 in this embodiment. The lower surface of the frame member 1b ′ is positioned above the lower surface of the lower side surface member 1d to which the frame is attached. The dimension to be shortened is within the thickness of the lower side surface material 1d so that the ventilation member 6 and the like disposed in the upper frame 1 cannot be seen from the outside. Since other structures are the same as those in the above embodiment, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. With this configuration, when the door C is thick and part of the door C protrudes from the end of the lower side member 1d of the door upper frame 1, the upper surface of the protruding end of the door C and the lower surface of the frame member 1b ' A wide gap 10 can be formed between the two and the air can be smoothly circulated.
[0027]
Next, specific examples of the present invention and comparative examples will be shown, and their air permeability and sound insulation properties will be compared.
[0028]
[Example 1]
In the door structure described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper frame 1 has a thickness (height) of 18 mm, a width of 15 mm, and a length on the lower surface of the front and rear ends of the substrate 1a made of plywood having a thickness of 12 mm, a width of 112 mm, and a length of 730 mm. The front and rear frame members 1b and 1b made of a 730mm-long square-ply plywood are fixed over the entire length, and the end frame made of plywood having a thickness of 9mm, a width of 82mm and a length of 50mm is attached to the lower surface of both end portions of the upper frame substrate 1a. The

material

1c, 1c is fixed, and further, the same shape and size as the end frame material 1c at intervals of 55mm, 185mm, 185mm, 55mm in the length direction on the lower surface of the substrate 1a between these

end frame materials

1c, 1c The partition board member 5 made of plywood is fixed, and the ventilation member 6 is attached in the space portion with the straight ventilation path 7 parallel to the short side direction of the substrate 1a.
[0029]
As the ventilation member 6, three plastic corrugated cardboards each having an opening size of 3 × 4 mm arranged in parallel and laminated are 9 mm thick, 55 mm wide and 55 mm long. A ventilation member having a width of 9 mm, a width of 55 mm, and a length of 185 mm was formed, and the ventilation member was disposed in the space portion partitioned by these partition bars 5. As a fixing means for the ventilation member 6, the opposite surface may be formed on the lower surface of the substrate 1a with a double-sided tape or an adhesive. After that, a lower surface material 1d having a thickness of 9 mm, a width of 70 mm, and a length of 730 mm is installed between the lower surfaces of both

end frame members

1c and 1c, and the upper surfaces of both end portions thereof are placed on the lower surfaces of both

end frame materials

1c and 1c. A slit-like vent 3 which is fixed and communicates with the straight vent path 7 of the vent member 6 over the entire length with a width of 6 mm between the front and rear frame members 1b and 1b and the front and rear end surfaces of the lower side member 1d. 4 were formed respectively. Note that a particularly conspicuous portion of the upper frame 1a was subjected to a cosmetic finish by applying a decorative sheet or painting as necessary.
[0030]
[Example 2]
The upper frame 1 adopting the sound absorbing material 8 shown in FIG. 7 is different from the first embodiment in that the thickness is 9 mm, the width is 55 mm, and the length is long in the space between the

adjacent partition bars

5 and 5. The ventilation member 6 having a thickness of 95 m is used, and the

sound absorbing materials

8, 8 made of glass wool having a thickness of 9 mm, a width of 55 mm, and a length of 45 mm are arranged on both sides of the ventilation member 6. Using this upper frame 1, a door structure was configured in the same manner as in Example 1. Other structures are the same as in the above embodiment.
[0031]
[Comparative Example 1]
In the general door structure used conventionally shown in FIG. 9, a 6 mm ventilation gap E is provided between the lower end surface of the door C provided on the door frame A so as to be opened and closed and the floor surface D. It became the ventilation structure which becomes. In Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 described above, the structure other than the upper frame 1 is the same as that of a normal door. Table 1 shows the measurement results of sound insulation and air permeability in the door structures of Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1.
[0032]
[Table 1]

[0033]
In Table 1 above, the sound insulation performance is tested according to JIS A 4717 with each frame material and door attached to the opening of the boundary wall of the paired reverberation chamber, and the average sound pressure level of both chambers is obtained from the difference. Sound insulation was sought. The sound insulation grade was determined based on JIS A 4706. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, the ventilation performance uses a measuring device 40 comprising a measuring box 41 and a UV tube 42 equipped with a fine anemometer 43, and the opening end of the box 41 is the upper frame 1 of the door as a test specimen. The vent fan 44 is attached to the other end opening portion of the UV tube 42 and is connected to one vent hole (one open side of the gap E in the case of Comparative Example 1). 48m ^Three Ventilation was performed at an air volume of / h, and the air volume was calculated from the measured wind speed. Air flow rate 30m ^Three Corresponds to the amount of ventilation of a room of 9 tatami mats once an hour at a rate of 40m ^Three Equivalent to the amount of ventilation of a 12 tatami room once per hour at / h.
[0034]
As is clear from Table 1 above, when Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 are compared, the sound insulation grade is superior to that of Comparative Example 1 in any of the frequency ranges. Sound insulation performance is excellent. Further, although the frequency range of Example 2 does not change significantly compared to Example 1, it shows an excellent value in a frequency range that occurs frequently frequently around 1 kHz due to the sound absorbing performance of the sound absorbing material 8.
[0035]
Regarding the ventilation performance, although Example 1 and Example 2 are somewhat inferior to Comparative Example 1, a ventilation amount of about 9 to 12 tatami mats is sufficiently secured, and there is substantially no problem. Note that the difference in air flow between Example 1 and Example 2 is due to the presence or absence of a sound absorbing material, and if the arrangement area of the sound absorbing material 8 is increased by reducing the arrangement area of the ventilation member 6, the sound insulation is Improves ventilation performance. Thus, according to the ventilation structure of the door frame shown in Example 1 and Example 2, both the sound insulation performance and the ventilation performance are satisfied.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the door frame for ventilation of the present invention, In a door frame formed by fixing a door-to-door packing that closes the door in an airtight manner at the center of the inner peripheral surface of the four sides, the door upper frame of the door frame has front and rear end portions of a rectangular upper frame substrate having a certain thickness. A rectangular bar-shaped front and rear frame member having a constant height is fixed to the lower surface of the upper frame substrate, and the height is lower than the height dimension of the front and rear frame members on the lower surfaces of both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the upper frame substrate. A rectangular lower side surface having a lower width than the width between the opposing surfaces of the front and rear frame members, and having the same length as the upper frame substrate, between the lower end frame members fixed to each other. By laying the material and fixing the upper surface of both side end portions to the lower surface of the both end frame material, it was surrounded by the front and rear frame materials and both end frame materials between the opposed surfaces of the upper frame substrate and the lower side surface material. A flat rectangular flat space portion having a certain thickness is formed in the ventilation space portion and a pair of lower end portions of the front and rear frame members Front and rear vents that open a narrow slit-shaped gap formed between the opposing surfaces of the front surface and the front and rear end surfaces of the lower side material to the vent space and open downward toward the front and rear surfaces of the closed door Because it is formed by In addition, it does not stand out in appearance, and there is no possibility of impairing the design of the door, and since the front and rear vents are opened downward, there is no risk of dust entering and accumulating for a long time. And smooth air permeability can be maintained. In addition, the front and rear vents that open downward from the room or passage side can be easily cleaned, and the suction end of the suction pipe of the vacuum cleaner faces one of the vents to suck or exhaust the vent. It is possible to easily and surely remove the adhering dust and the dust invading into the ventilation space, and it is possible to always maintain a clean and good appearance.
[0037]
Furthermore, the air flow flowing in from the one vent opening opened on the lower surface of the door upper frame can be smoothly circulated to the other vent side through the vent space portion in the upper frame, and the room is partitioned by the door It is possible to provide good ventilation of the space part. In this way, the door upper frame side allows ventilation between the inside and outside of the door, so there is no need for the door to have a ventilation function, the door design freedom is increased, and a door structure with an excellent appearance is configured. Can do.
[0038]
Also, Above in this door upper frame In the ventilation space, It has a thickness equal to the thickness of the ventilation space and penetrates in the front-rear direction. A large number of small-diameter straight air passages are arranged in multiple rows and in multiple layers, and a ventilation member is provided. All of Straight vent The front and rear open ends of Since the front and rear vents communicate with each other, the air flow that has entered from one vent can be straightly circulated and passed through the straight air passages in which a large number of vent members are gathered without receiving any resistance. The vent can smoothly flow out from the other vent, and when the sound entering from one vent enters the straight vent, the vent and the small vent The sound impedance is suddenly changed due to a significant difference in cross-sectional area, and the sound is attenuated while reaching the other vent. Further, when the sound is emitted from the straight air passage through the other vent, the acoustic impedance is suddenly increased again. The sound is attenuated due to the change, and therefore, a door frame having excellent sound insulation can be configured even though the front and rear vents communicate with the front and rear surfaces of the door through the air space in the door upper frame. .
[0039]
In addition, a door frame having ventilation and sound insulation functions can be easily and accurately produced by a simple procedure of disposing the ventilation member in the ventilation space in the door upper frame. Adjacent belt-shaped strips by connecting the opposing surfaces of thin liners facing each other with a small gap as a ventilation member by thin strip-shaped separators arranged in parallel across the entire length in the width direction of the liner. By adopting a corrugated cardboard laminate formed by forming a small-diameter straight air passage between the separators, the ventilation opening ratio of the straight air passage assembly with respect to the cross-sectional area of the ventilation member can be 80% or more. Thus, a ventilation member having a very good ventilation effect with a very low ventilation resistance can be easily obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an entire door structure showing an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a simplified longitudinal side view thereof,
FIG. 3 is a partially cut bottom view of the door upper frame,
FIG. 4 is a simplified front view of the longitudinal section,
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the same,
FIG. 6 is a simplified perspective view of a ventilation member;
FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway bottom view of a door upper frame having another structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal side view of a main part of a door structure having a door upper frame of still another structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a simplified vertical side view showing a conventional example;
FIG. 10 is a simplified side view of an apparatus showing a measurement method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Upper frame
2 Ventilation space
3, 4 Vent
6 Ventilation member
7 Straight air passage
A door frame
C door

Claims

In a door frame A in which a door-door packing for closing the door in an airtight manner is fixed at the center of the four-way inner peripheral surface, the door upper frame 1 of the door frame A is a rectangular upper frame substrate 1a having a certain thickness. The front and rear frame members 1b and 1b having a constant height over the entire length are fixed to the lower surface of the front and rear end portions of the upper frame substrate 1a and the heights of the upper frame substrate 1a on the lower surfaces of both end portions in the longitudinal direction are The end frame materials 1c and 1c which are lower than the height dimension of the front and rear frame materials 1b and 1b are fixed, and the width between the opposing surfaces of the front and rear frame materials 1b and 1b is fixed between the lower surfaces of the end frame materials 1c and 1c. By mounting a rectangular lower side surface material 1d having a smaller width and the same length as the upper frame substrate 1a, and fixing the upper surfaces of both side end portions to the lower surfaces of the both end frame materials 1c and 1c , facing surfaces between the front and rear frame member 1b of the frame substrate 1a and the lower side surface member 1d, 1b and two end portions frame members 1c, flat rectangular shape having a constant thickness surrounded by the 1c Front and rear frame member 1b with forming a flat space on the ventilation space portion 2, the clearance of the narrow slit-shape formed between facing surfaces of the lower end surface facing the front and rear end face of the lower side surface member 1d and 1b The front and rear vents 3 and 4 communicate with the vent space 2 and open downward toward the front and rear surfaces of the closed door, and are further formed in the vent space 2 in the door upper frame 1. The ventilation member 6 having a thickness equal to the thickness of the ventilation space 2 and a large number of small-diameter straight ventilation channels 7 penetrating in the front-rear direction is arranged in multiple rows and in multiple layers. A ventilation door frame characterized in that the front and rear opening ends of all the straight ventilation paths 7 of the ventilation member 6 are communicated with the front and rear ventilation ports 3 and 4 .

The ventilation according to claim 1, wherein the lower surfaces of the front and rear frame members 1b and 1b fixed to the lower surface of the front and rear end portions of the upper frame substrate 1a are positioned above the lower surface of the lower side surface material 1d. Door frame.