JP4178171B2 - Shock absorbing member and clothing with shock absorbing member - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an impact absorbing member and a garment with an impact absorbing member.

Elderly fractures are often caused by falls. In particular, when an elderly person falls, the frequency of fracture of the femoral neck is high, resulting in prolonged hospitalization and bedridden factors. Most of the fractures of the femoral neck are caused by falling from a standing height or falling indoors. In recent years, in order to reduce such an impact at the time of falling, various garments including an impact absorbing member have been developed. For example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 listed below disclose clothing that includes an impact absorbing member for protecting the waist, thighs, and the like from impacts caused by falls, collisions, and the like.
JP-A-10-237708 Utility Model Registration No. 3017128

  However, in the conventional garment with an impact absorbing member, the impact absorbing member is too large or too hard, which becomes a factor that hinders the movement of the wearer and uncomfortable for the wearer.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorbing member and a garment with the shock absorbing member that are comfortable and easy to move while reducing the discomfort of the wearer.

The shock absorbing member of the present invention includes a foam sheet layer in which three or more foam sheets are laminated, a housing cover for housing the foam sheet layer, and a foam sandwiched between the foam sheet layers. A foam cover that covers at least a part of the sheet, and the size of the foam sheet sandwiched inside is smaller than the size of the two foam sheets positioned outside the foam sheet layer are, the planar shape of the foam sheet layer is a shape obtained by removing the corners of a quadrilateral, corresponding to a portion of the femur leading to greater trochanter and the greater trochanter is at least human armpit side It is the shape which can cover a site | part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to this invention, the foam sheets included in the foam sheet layer are attached to each other by covering at least a part of the foam sheet sandwiched between the foam sheet layers with the cloth cover. Since the situation where it adheres can be prevented, the impact absorbing power can be further increased. In addition, the planar shape of the foam sheet layer is a shape obtained by removing each corner of the quadrilateral, and at least a part corresponding to a greater trochanter on the side of the human body and a part of a femur connected to the greater trochanter. When the shock absorbing member according to the present invention is provided in a position that covers a portion corresponding to the greater trochanter of the garment, for example, when the wearer of the garment stands or sits Even so, it is possible to prevent a situation in which a part of the shock absorbing member jumps out of the body line. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the position of the impact absorbing member from being greatly displaced and to inhibit the wearer's movement, and to reduce the wearer's discomfort. Therefore, the remarkable effect of being comfortable and easy to move can be achieved.

  Further, in the shock absorbing member and the garment with the shock absorbing member of the present invention, the size of the foam sheet sandwiched between the inner sides is larger than the size of the two foam sheets located on the outer side of the foam sheet layer. The foam that is sandwiched on the inside by making the width of a part of the two foam sheets positioned on the outside smaller than the width of a part of the foam sheet that is sandwiched on the inside It is preferable to stop the movement of the seat.

  In this way, by forming a part having a width wider than the width of a part of the foam sheet located outside in a part of the foam sheet sandwiched inside, the part having the wide width is narrow. It becomes impossible to pass the width part (stopper mechanism). This makes it possible to keep the foam sheet in place without using an adhesive or the like. By adopting such a stopper mechanism, it is possible to prevent a small foam sheet sandwiched between two foam sheets from moving.

  In the impact absorbing member of the present invention, the foam sheet layer is preferably housed in a cloth housing cover sewn to a size smaller than the size covering the entire foam sheet layer.

  In this way, pressure can be applied in the direction in which the foam sheet layer is contracted, so that the foam sheet layer can be swollen and the impact absorbing power can be further increased.

  In the impact absorbing member of the present invention, it is preferable that the two foam sheets positioned outside are formed in different sizes.

  In this way, the peripheral edge portion of the large-sized foam sheet is bent and deformed to approach the peripheral edge portion of the small-sized foam sheet, so that the expansion of the foam sheet layer is further increased. Can be bigger.

  In the garment with a shock absorbing member of the present invention, the shock absorbing member corresponds to at least a greater trochanter on the side of the human body and a part of a femur connected to the greater trochanter when the garment is worn. It is preferable to be provided at a position covering the sciatica, more preferably at a position covering the portion corresponding to the ischia from the side to the back of the human body.

  According to the impact absorbing member and the garment with the impact absorbing member according to the present invention, it is possible to expect an excellent effect of relieving the wearer's discomfort and being comfortable and easy to move.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same element and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  With reference to FIGS. 1-8, the hip protector which is the clothing with an impact-absorbing member and an impact-absorbing member in embodiment is demonstrated.

  1 and 3 are views of the shock absorbing member 1 placed on a plane as viewed from directly above, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 4-8 is the figure which showed the hip protector 2 provided with the impact-absorbing member 1 in the wearing condition. 4 is a view of the hip protector 2 in an upright state as viewed from the left lateral direction, FIG. 5 is a view of the hip protector 2 in an upright state as viewed from the front side, and FIG. 6 is a view of the hip protector in the upright state. It is the figure which looked at the protector 2 from the back side front direction. FIG. 7 is a diagram of the seated hip protector 2 as viewed from the left lateral direction, and FIG. 8 is a diagram of the seated hip protector 2 as viewed from the rear front direction.

  The shock absorbing member 1 shown in FIGS. 4 to 8 includes a greater trochanter T (a part of a femur C continuous from the greater trochanter T) on the side and the oblique rear side of the human body when the hip protector 2 is worn. The same applies hereinafter) and a position covering the site corresponding to the sciatica. Thereby, not only the impact received when it falls down sideways but also the impact received when it falls down diagonally backward can be absorbed by the impact absorbing member 1.

  Here, it is possible to prevent or relieve the impact on the lower back and buttocks by using both hands to prevent the body from falling forward, backward and laterally. However, in the case of an elderly person whose physical strength has declined, tilting backward is often inadequate for defense with both hands, and the impact at the time of falling is often received by the waist and buttocks. Therefore, if the patient falls down obliquely, the femoral neck is likely to break, and if the femoral neck is broken, hospitalization may be prolonged or bedridden. Considering such a fact, the impact absorbing member 1 covers not only the waist on the side but also the waist and buttocks on the diagonally rear side, so that the waist and buttocks are properly received by the tilting backward. Since a large impact can be absorbed effectively, it is possible to avoid the situation where the femoral neck fractures as much as possible.

  The shock absorbing member 1 may be provided at a position that covers at least a portion corresponding to the greater trochanter T on the side of the human body when the hip protector 2 is worn. More preferably, it is provided up to a position covering the corresponding part between the vicinity of the tip of the nodule. Thereby, it is possible to more effectively absorb the impact on the lower back and the buttocks received when the vehicle falls obliquely backward. Furthermore, it is more preferable to be provided up to a position covering a portion corresponding to the ischia from the side to the back of the human body. Thereby, it is possible to effectively absorb the impact on the buttocks received when the vehicle falls backward.

  The shock absorbing member 1 includes three laminated foam sheets 11, 12, 13 (hereinafter referred to as a foam sheet layer) as main components. The foam sheets 11, 12, and 13 are made of NP gel (foamed gel) and are excellent in restoring force and holding power. The thicknesses of the foam sheets 11, 12, and 13 are each 3 mm. Therefore, the thickness of the foam sheet layer is 9 mm. The impact absorbing member 1 is composed of a 9 mm foam sheet layer, so that the impact absorbing member 1 is lighter and softer than the case where the impact absorbing member is composed of a single 9 mm foam sheet, and has an excellent impact absorbing power. An absorbing member can be provided.

Here, with reference to Table 1, the result of measuring the impact acceleration of the foam sheet by changing the thickness of the foam sheet and the number of laminated sheets will be described.

  The impact acceleration in Table 1 was measured by dropping a weight having a diameter of 30 mm and a weight of 8.4 kg onto a foam sheet from a height of 100 mm.

Here, the inventor of the present application creates an approximate straight line indicating a change in the impact acceleration due to the sheet thickness using the standard thickness (mm) and impact acceleration (G) shown in Table 1, and the impact acceleration is the target value. When the sheet thickness reaching (2100 m / s ² ) was determined, the opinion was obtained that if the sheet thickness is 8.6 mm or more, the impact acceleration reaches the target value of 2100 m / s ² . According to this view, since the foam sheet layer in the present embodiment is 9 mm, the impact acceleration is smaller than the target value of 2100 m / s ² . Therefore, the foam sheet layer in the present embodiment is excellent in impact absorption.

  From the measurement results shown in Table 1, it was found that the impact acceleration decreases as the thickness of the foam sheet increases, and when the thickness is the same, the impact acceleration tends to decrease as the number of laminated sheets increases. did.

  A part of the foam sheet 12 sandwiched inside the foam sheet layer is covered with a cloth cover 16. By covering a part of the foam sheet 12 with the cloth cover 16 in this way, it is possible to prevent the three foam sheets 11, 12, 13 included in the foam sheet layer from sticking to each other. can do. Moreover, the shock absorbing power can be further increased by allowing the three foam sheets 11, 12, and 13 to be independently deformed without being fixed.

  The cloth cover 16 may cover the entire foam sheet 12. However, by providing a part of the foam sheet 12 that is not covered with the cloth cover 16, the parts that are not covered with the cloth cover 16 are placed outside the foam sheets 11 and 13. It is possible to make it easy to stick to a part of. Thereby, the situation where the foam sheet 12 pinched | interposed inside shifts | deviates from a fixed position can be prevented.

  The size of the foam sheet 12 sandwiched inside is smaller than the size of the two foam sheets 11 and 13 located outside. Thereby, a part of foam sheet layer, especially the peripheral part vicinity can be formed only with the two foam sheets 11 and 13. FIG. That is, the thickness near the peripheral edge of the foam sheet layer can be reduced. Therefore, the wearer's discomfort can be alleviated, and a hip protector that is more comfortable and easy to move can be provided. By wearing such a hip protector, for example, turning over at the time of going to bed can be facilitated, and the outline of the shock absorbing member that floats on the outerwear at the time of wearing can be made inconspicuous.

  The two foam sheets 11 and 13 located on the outside are formed in different sizes, and the size of the foam sheet 11 is larger than the size of the foam sheet 13. In the present embodiment, the foam sheet 13 having a smaller size is disposed on the skin side of the human body when the hip protector 2 is worn.

  The foam sheet layer is housed in a cloth housing cover 15 sewn to a size smaller than the size covering the entire foam sheet layer. Thereby, a pressure can be applied in the direction which shrinks a foam sheet layer. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the foam sheet 11 having a size larger than that of the foam sheet 13 is curved and deformed, so that a space is generated inside the foam sheet layer. By generating such a space, the foam sheet layer has a bulge, and the shock absorbing power can be further increased by having the bulge.

  Note that the size of the storage cover 15 is preferably smaller than the size covering the entire foam sheet 13. Thereby, the peripheral edge part of the foam sheet 11 with a large size can be made to approach the peripheral edge part of the foam sheet 13 with a small size, and it becomes possible to enlarge the swelling of a foam sheet layer.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the width a of a part of the two foam sheets 11 and 13 located on the outside is narrower than the width b of a part of the foam sheet 12 sandwiched inside. Thus, the part which has the width | variety b is formed in the part of the foam sheet | seat 12 pinched | interposed inside by forming the part which has the width | variety b wider than the width | variety a of the foam sheets 11 and 13 located outside. Cannot pass through the width a portion (stopper mechanism). Thereby, the foam sheet 12 can be held in place without using an adhesive or the like. By adopting such a stopper mechanism, it is possible to prevent the small foam sheet 12 sandwiched between the two foam sheets 11 and 13 from moving. Note that when the three foam sheets 11, 12, 13 are accommodated in the accommodating cover 15, and the periphery of the accommodating cover 15 is sewn, the end portions where the three foam sheets 11, 12, 13 overlap each other. e may be sewn together with the periphery of the housing cover 15. Thereby, the movement of the foam sheet 12 can be prevented more firmly. Therefore, for example, when the hip protector 2 is washed, the situation where the foam sheet 12 is twisted can be more reliably avoided.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the planar shape of the foam sheet layer is a shape obtained by removing each corner of the quadrangle q. By adopting such a shape, it is possible to prevent the position of the shock absorbing member 1 from being greatly displaced when the wearer stands or sits down, and to prevent the wearer from moving. Discomfort can be reduced.

  Here, when the shock absorbing member is used in a quadrilateral shape, the following problems occur. For example, when a transition is made from the upright state shown in FIG. 4 to the sitting state shown in FIG. 7, the body line is deformed in accordance with this movement. On the other hand, the impact absorbing member cannot change its shape in accordance with the movement of the body. Therefore, especially the corner | angular part of an impact-absorbing member will protrude outside a body line. However, since the force that pushes back to fit into the body line (for example, the contraction force of the stretched clothes, the reaction force from the ground when it falls) acts on this protruding corner, the force As a result, the entire shock absorbing member is moved, and the position of the shock absorbing member is greatly displaced. That is, for example, when the wearer falls, the corner portion that protrudes outward from the body line receives a reaction force from the ground, so that the position of the impact absorbing member is protected (for example, around the greater trochanter). ). In such a case, the impact absorbing member cannot protect the protection site. Therefore, the purpose of the shock absorbing member that protects the waist, thighs, and the like from an impact due to falling or the like cannot be achieved.

  Therefore, in the present invention, even when the wearer stands or sits, the planar shape of the foam sheet layer is such that a part of the shock absorbing member 1 does not jump out of the body line. The shape was adapted to the deformation of the body line when the wearer stood or sat down. Specifically, for example, first, the planar shape of the foam sheet layer is formed by removing the corners of the quadrilateral, and further corresponds to the greater trochanter and the sciatic bone on the side and the oblique rear side of the human body. While covering the part, it was decided to remove as much as possible the part covering the human body part with large movement. Here, as a human body part with a large movement, for example, the vicinity of the base of the thigh corresponds. If a human body part with large movement is covered with an impact absorbing member, it may be a factor that hinders the wearer's movement. In addition, when a human body part with large movement is covered with an impact absorbing member, the shape of the human body part covered with the impact absorbing member changes greatly according to the movement of the wearer. A part of the shock absorbing member that is in close contact with the body part floats, and as a result, the shock absorbing member can be a cause of displacement. If the shock absorbing member floats from the human body part, it becomes a factor that the shock absorbing power is reduced. In order to solve these problems, the shock absorbing member in the present embodiment has a shape in which the corners of the quadrilateral are removed and the portion covering the human body part that is further moved is removed as much as possible.

  Next, a description will be given of the results of a tipping test in which a dummy with a hip protector and a dummy without a hip protector are overturned and the impact force at the time of falling is measured.

  In this fall test, the following two types of hip protectors were prepared as hip protectors to be worn by the dummy. The first hip protector is a hip protector that employs an impact absorbing member in which the three foam sheets 11, 12, and 13 having different sizes shown in FIGS. Is a hip protector employing an impact absorbing member in which three foam sheets of the same size are laminated. The difference between the two types of hip protectors will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the peripheral end portion of the foam sheet layer employed in the first hip protector, and FIG. 10 is the vicinity of the peripheral end portion of the foam sheet layer employed in the second hip protector. FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the foam sheet layer of the first hip protector has the largest size foam sheet 11, the smallest size foam sheet 12, and the middle size foam in order from the outside of the wearer. Body sheets 13 are laminated. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, in the foam sheet layer of the second hip protector, three foam sheets 11a, 12a, and 13a having the same size are laminated in order from the outside of the wearer. That is, the foam sheet layer of the first hip protector is laminated by shifting the peripheral edge of each foam sheet so that the thickness does not come out, whereas the foam sheet of the second hip protector The layers differ from each other in that they are laminated with the peripheral edges of each foam sheet aligned. In addition, the dummy with the hip protector is worn with shorts, hip protector, five-part pants, and trousers in order from the skin side of the dummy. From short to short, shorts, five-part pants, and trousers are worn.

  The measuring system employed in this overturning test is composed of an overturning dummy and an electromagnet for holding the impact weight, a rectifier, a microswitch, a triaxial accelerometer installed on the hip joint plate, and a recording unit.

  The fall dummy is a dummy model with a height of 150 cm and a weight of 50 kg. To improve durability, the surface of the entire limb is covered with soft urethane, and the mass and center of gravity of each part of the body are the physical property values of the human limb. Thus, each part of the body is manufactured using steel, polyurethane resin, or the like. In addition, prosthetic parts are used for each joint so that the standing posture can be maintained and the limb joints can be adjusted.

  The overturn test was performed by tumbling the dummy onto the flooring floor (needs construction) in the machine room of the Industrial Accident Rehabilitation Optical Center at room temperature 25 degrees and humidity 60%.

  As a method of overturning the dummy, a method of hitting the rear knee part of one side of the dummy in a standing posture with a weight swinging down from a predetermined position was adopted. When the dummy is toppled by this fall method, the dummy falls with a twist, and the impact at the time of the fall is applied to the greater trochanter part. The impact force at the time of falling is calculated by post-processing so that the resultant acceleration, which is the three-direction component of the three-axis accelerometer, is perpendicular to the floor surface. The sampling frequency of the acceleration output waveform is 1 KHz.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 11 to FIG. 13, the impact force when each dummy falls is described. FIG. 11 is a graph showing the synthetic acceleration waveform of the dummy wearing the first hip protector, and FIG. 12 is a graph showing the synthetic acceleration waveform of the dummy wearing the second hip protector. These are the graphs which show the synthetic | combination acceleration waveform of the dummy which is not made to wear a hip protector.

In the dummy with the first hip protector worn, the maximum value of the synthetic acceleration is 227.47G (2229.21 m / s ² ) (see FIG. 11), and in the dummy with the second hip protector worn, The maximum value of acceleration was 149.95 G (1469.51 m / s ² ) (see FIG. 12). On the other hand, in the dummy in which the hip protector was not worn, the maximum value of the composite acceleration was 346.08G (3391.58 m / s ² ) (see FIG. 13).

  As a result, the shock absorption rate by the first hip protector is 34.28%, and the shock absorption rate by the first hip protector is 51.68%. Thus, the shock absorption rate of the second hip protector is higher than that of the first hip protector. However, like the first hip protector, it is possible to reduce the size of the foam sheet sandwiched on the inside, and laminate the peripheral edge of each foam sheet to further alleviate the wearer's discomfort. Can be more comfortable and easy to move.

In addition, in embodiment mentioned above, although the three foam sheets 11, 12, and 13 are laminated | stacked, the number of sheets on which a foam sheet is laminated | stacked is not limited to this. Four or more sheets may be laminated. In this case, a plurality of the foam sheets 12 sandwiched inside described in the above-described embodiment may be laminated.
Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, although the hip protector 2 to which the impact-absorbing member 1 is attached is demonstrated, you may enable it to remove the impact-absorbing member 1 from the hip protector 2. FIG. For example, a takeout port may be provided in a part on the skin side of the hip protector 2 to which the shock absorbing member 1 is attached, and the shock absorbing member 1 may be removed from the takeout port. In addition, it is better to provide this extraction port on the skin side than on the outside of the hip protector 2. By providing it on the skin side, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the line of the take-out port is raised on the outerwear worn over the hip protector 2. Further, by providing the take-out port, for example, during washing, the shock absorbing member 1 can be removed and only the hip protector 2 can be washed, so that mold that may occur due to washing the shock absorbing member 1 is generated. Occurrence can be suppressed.

  Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, although the clothing with an impact-absorbing member is demonstrated using the hip protector, this invention is applicable besides a hip protector. For example, the present invention can be applied to outer pants, pajamas, sports clothes, and the like.

  In the garment with an impact absorbing member, the present invention forms the foam sheet layer included in the impact absorbing member into a shape suitable for deformation of the body line when the wearer repeats the upright state and the seated state. This is the basic configuration. If it is this structure, not only said embodiment but a various aspect is possible. For example, the planar shape of the foam sheet layer is not limited to the shape in the above-described embodiment, and may be another shape.

It is the figure which looked at the impact-absorbing member from right above. It is the II-II cross-sectional arrow view of FIG. It is the figure which looked at the impact-absorbing member from right above. It is the figure which looked at the hip protector in an upright state from the left lateral direction. It is the figure which looked at the hip protector of an upright state from the front side front direction. It is the figure which looked at the hip protector of an upright state from the back side front direction. It is the figure which looked at the hip protector of the seating state from the left side direction. It is the figure which looked at the hip protector of the seating state from the back side front direction. It is sectional drawing of the peripheral edge part vicinity of the foam sheet layer used for the 1st hip protector. It is sectional drawing of the peripheral edge part vicinity of the foam sheet layer used for the 2nd hip protector. It is a graph which shows the synthetic | combination acceleration waveform of the dummy which made the 1st hip protector wear. It is a graph which shows the synthetic acceleration waveform of the dummy which made the 2nd hip protector wear. It is a graph which shows the synthetic | combination acceleration waveform of the dummy which is not made to wear a hip protector.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shock-absorbing member, 2 ... Hip protector, 11, 12, 13 ... Foam sheet, 15 ... Housing cover, 16 ... Cloth cover.

Claims (6)

A foam sheet layer in which three or more foam sheets are laminated;
A housing cover for housing the foam sheet layer;
A cloth cover that covers at least a part of the foam sheet sandwiched inside the foam sheet layer,
The size of the foam sheet sandwiched between the inner sides is smaller than the size of the two foam sheets located on the outer side of the foam sheet layer,
The planar shape of the foam sheet layer is a shape obtained by removing each corner of the quadrilateral, and covers at least the greater trochanter on the side of the human body and a portion corresponding to a part of the femur connected to the greater trochanter. An impact-absorbing member having a shape that can be used.   The foam sheet sandwiched on the inner side by making the width of a part of the two foam sheets positioned on the outer side narrower than the width of a part of the foam sheet sandwiched on the inner side The shock absorbing member according to claim 1, wherein the movement of the shock absorbing member is stopped. The housing cover according to claim 1 or 2 shock absorbing member, wherein the said is a foam sheet layer fabric of the housing cover which is sewn to a smaller size than the size of the entire covering. The impact absorbing member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the two foam sheets positioned outside are formed in different sizes. It is a garment with an impact-absorbing member provided with the impact-absorbing member of any one of Claims 1-4,
The shock absorbing member is provided at a position that covers at least a greater trochanter on the side of the human body and a part corresponding to a part of a femur connected to the greater trochanter when the clothing is worn. Clothing with shock absorbing members.   6. The garment with an impact absorbing member according to claim 5, wherein the impact absorbing member is provided at a position that further covers a portion corresponding to the ischia from the side to the rear side of the human body when the garment is worn. .

Images