JP4174522B2 - Oil mist detection device - Google Patents
Oil mist detection device Download PDFInfo
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- JP4174522B2 JP4174522B2 JP2006121282A JP2006121282A JP4174522B2 JP 4174522 B2 JP4174522 B2 JP 4174522B2 JP 2006121282 A JP2006121282 A JP 2006121282A JP 2006121282 A JP2006121282 A JP 2006121282A JP 4174522 B2 JP4174522 B2 JP 4174522B2
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- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 title claims description 105
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 61
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 121
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
- G01N21/8507—Probe photometers, i.e. with optical measuring part dipped into fluid sample
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
本発明は、内燃機関において軸受過熱等により潤滑油が熱せられて発生するオイルミストを検知する光散乱式のオイルミスト検出装置に関し、特に船舶用の内燃機関に好適に用いられるオイルミスト検出装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a light scattering type oil mist detection device that detects oil mist generated by lubricating oil being heated by bearing overheating or the like in an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an oil mist detection device that is suitably used in a marine internal combustion engine. Is.
従来のオイルミスト濃度を光学的に測定する装置としては、主に光透過吸収方式のものと光散乱式のものとの2つがある。 There are mainly two conventional apparatuses for optically measuring the oil mist concentration, the light transmission absorption type and the light scattering type.
光透過吸収方式のものは、図8に示すように、発光素子と受光素子とを適当な距離をおいて対向させ、素子間のオイルミストの有無を光吸収による透過光の減衰によって検知する。このため、光透過窓の汚れ等によって大きな影響を受け、汚れ等による光の減衰によって誤動作する場合がある。例えば、正常な状態において、発光素子から受光素子が受ける最大受光光量のうち、20%が最大発生したオイルミストにより減衰する量であるとして、汚れ等により受光光量の10%が減衰したとすれば、もしオイルミストが全くなくとも、コンピュータ等の判断手段はオイルミストが最大発生量の50%発生したと判断してしまう。このように光透過吸収方式のものでは、わずかの汚れでも誤動作、より具体的にはオイルミストが発生していないにもかかわらず発生していると認識し誤報することにつながるため、フレッシュエアーなどによる定期的な校正やメンテナンスが必須である。 As shown in FIG. 8, in the light transmission and absorption type, the light emitting element and the light receiving element are opposed to each other with an appropriate distance, and the presence or absence of oil mist between the elements is detected by attenuation of transmitted light due to light absorption. For this reason, the light transmission window is greatly affected by dirt or the like, and may malfunction due to light attenuation due to dirt or the like. For example, assuming that 20% of the maximum received light amount received by the light receiving element from the light emitting element in the normal state is the amount attenuated by the oil mist generated at the maximum, 10% of the received light amount is attenuated by dirt or the like. Even if there is no oil mist, the judging means such as a computer will judge that 50% of the maximum amount of oil mist has occurred. In this way, in the light transmission absorption type, even if it is a little dirt, it malfunctions, more specifically, it recognizes that it has occurred even though oil mist has not occurred and leads to false alarms, so fresh air etc. Regular calibration and maintenance by is indispensable.
一方、光散乱式のものは、図9に示すように、オイルミストからの散乱光を検知する方式が考えられている。この方式では、オイルミストが存在しない場合、原理的には発光素子から照射された光は受光素子には入射しないため、窓の汚れ等に対しては、感度の多少の変化はあるもののオイルミストの検知には影響されにくいというメリットがある。すなわち、汚れ等により受光光量の5%が減衰したとしても、オイルミストの発生量が5%下がったと検知するだけで、上述した光透過吸収方式のもののように、大幅に検知判断が狂うことはない。このように光散乱式のものは、オイルミストが導入される空間が大きく当該空間内壁で散乱された光を無視できる場合は、上述した効果を奏し得る。 On the other hand, as the light scattering type, as shown in FIG. 9, a method of detecting scattered light from oil mist is considered. In this method, in the absence of oil mist, the light emitted from the light emitting element does not enter the light receiving element in principle. Therefore, the oil mist has some change in sensitivity to dirt on the window. There is a merit that it is hard to be influenced by detection. In other words, even if 5% of the amount of received light is attenuated due to dirt or the like, it is possible to detect that the amount of generated oil mist has decreased by 5%, and the detection judgment will be greatly confused as in the light transmission absorption method described above. Absent. As described above, the light scattering type can exhibit the above-described effects when the space into which the oil mist is introduced is large and the light scattered on the inner wall of the space can be ignored.
ところが、オイルミストが導入される空間が例えば小さなものであると、発光素子と受光素子とをほぼ90度で交叉させるため、空間内壁の散乱光が、オイルミストの存在しない場合でも受光素子に多く入射し(これをベース光と呼ぶ)、そのベース光による出力レベルが汚れの影響で変動し、誤動作する場合がある。例えば図10に示すように、汚れが発生すると、そのことによりベース光による出力レベル(ゼロ点)が低下するため、オイルミストによる散乱光で出力値が上がったとしてもその和が警報レベルに達せず、オイルミストの発生を失報する場合がある。したがって従来は、特許文献1に示すように、複雑な構成による補正を行っているものもある。 However, if the space into which the oil mist is introduced is small, for example, the light emitting element and the light receiving element cross each other at approximately 90 degrees, so that the scattered light on the inner wall of the space is large in the light receiving element even in the absence of oil mist. Incident light (this is referred to as base light), and the output level due to the base light may fluctuate due to contamination, resulting in malfunction. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, when dirt occurs, the output level (zero point) due to the base light decreases, and therefore even if the output value increases due to scattered light due to oil mist, the sum can reach the alarm level. In some cases, the occurrence of oil mist may be reported. Therefore, conventionally, as shown in Patent Document 1, some corrections are performed using a complicated configuration.
さらに、前述したいずれの方式においても、発光素子と受光素子とを互いにある程度離間させなければならないため、それらを1つのケーシングに予め取り付けるようにするとケーシングが大きくなり、また別々にするとエンジン等への取付が煩雑になるうえ、発光素子と受光素子との取付位置精度の問題等も生じ得る。 Furthermore, in any of the systems described above, the light emitting element and the light receiving element must be separated from each other to some extent. Therefore, if they are attached to one casing in advance, the casing becomes larger, and if they are separated, the engine is attached to the engine or the like. In addition to complicated installation, there may be a problem in accuracy of the mounting position between the light emitting element and the light receiving element.
このような問題点を解決するため、本発明者は、発光素子と受光素子とを接近させて取り付けられるような工夫をしたコンパクトな中空ケーシングを開発し、その中空ケーシングを内燃機関のクランクケース内に突出させて取り付け得るように構成した光散乱式のオイルミスト検出装置を開発しつつある。
しかしながら、2サイクルエンジンのようにオイル飛沫を受けにくい位置に取り付けられる場合は、前述のものでも動作に支障を来すことは少ないが、4サイクルエンジンのように、通常運転時にオイル飛沫を受けやすい位置に取り付けられる場合、ケーシング内部にオイル飛沫が直接に入り込み、その影響でオイルミストを正常に検出できないおそれがある。 However, when installed in a position where it is difficult to receive oil splashes, such as a 2-cycle engine, the above-mentioned ones are less likely to interfere with operation, but they are susceptible to oil splashes during normal operation, such as a 4-cycle engine. When it is attached to the position, the oil splash directly enters the casing, and there is a possibility that the oil mist cannot be normally detected due to the influence.
そこで本発明は、オイル飛沫がケーシング内部に入り込みにくい構造とし、オイル飛沫が多量に降り注ぐような環境においても、取り扱い(着脱等)が容易なうえに構造が簡単で、より長期間、確実にかつ安定にオイルミストを検出できる光散乱式のオイルミスト検出装置を提供することをその主たる課題とするものである。 Therefore, the present invention has a structure in which oil splashes do not easily enter the casing, and even in an environment in which a large amount of oil splashes, the structure is simple and the structure is simple, for a longer period of time and reliably. The main object of the present invention is to provide a light scattering type oil mist detection device capable of stably detecting oil mist.
すなわち本発明に係るオイルミスト検出装置は、内燃機関のクランクケース内に配置されるオイルミスト導入室を有したケーシングと、このオイルミスト導入室に設けた透光窓の外側に臨むように配置した発光手段及び受光手段とを備え、前記発光手段から前記透光窓を介してオイルミスト導入室内の所定検出領域に光を照射するとともに、その検出領域に存在するオイルミストに前記照射光が当たって生じる散乱光を、前記透光窓を介して前記受光手段が受光することによりオイルミストを検出するものであって、前記オイルミスト導入室を形成する壁体の少なくとも一部を、隙間をあけて配置した内壁及び外壁から構成するとともに、それら内壁及び外壁の互いに異なる位置に、オイルミストを内部に導入するための内壁貫通孔及び外壁貫通孔をそれぞれ設け、前記内壁貫通孔及び前記外壁貫通孔を下向きに開口させて、前記内壁貫通孔及び前記外壁貫通孔が一部重なり合うように構成していることを特徴とする。 That is, the oil mist detection device according to the present invention is disposed so as to face the outside of the casing having the oil mist introduction chamber disposed in the crankcase of the internal combustion engine and the translucent window provided in the oil mist introduction chamber. A light emitting means and a light receiving means, and irradiates light from the light emitting means to a predetermined detection area in the oil mist introduction chamber through the light transmission window, and the irradiation light strikes oil mist existing in the detection area. Oil mist is detected by receiving the scattered light generated by the light receiving means through the light transmitting window, and at least a part of the wall forming the oil mist introduction chamber is opened with a gap. An inner wall through-hole and an outer wall for introducing oil mist into the interior at different positions of the inner wall and the outer wall, which are constituted by the arranged inner and outer walls Provided holes each, downwardly is opened the inner wall through hole and the outer wall through-hole, said inner wall through hole and the outer wall through holes, characterized in that configured to overlap partially.
このようなものであれば、オイルミスト導入室が、内壁貫通孔、隙間及び外壁貫通孔を経由して、非直線的な経路で外部のクランクケース内とつながるため、クランクケース内で発生するオイル飛沫のオイルミスト導入室内への浸入を防止することができる。しかもオイルミストの内部への導入、拡散は全く阻害されないため、オイル飛沫の影響を排除してオイルミストを正常に検出することができる。また、単に外壁と内壁とを設ければよいため、構造が簡単でコンパクト化も可能となる。さらに、前記検出領域近傍に下向きに開口させた外壁貫通孔及び内壁貫通孔を設けて主に上方から降り注ぐオイル飛沫の内部への浸入を防止することができるとともに、それら貫通孔が一部重なり合うように構成しているので、オイルミストがより直接的に検出領域に至るようにして、クランクケースで発生したオイルミストができるだけ早く検出領域に到達することができ、検出時間遅れを防止することができる。 In such a case, the oil mist introduction chamber is connected to the outside crankcase through a non-linear path via the inner wall through hole, gap and outer wall through hole. It is possible to prevent the splash from entering the oil mist introduction chamber. Moreover, since the introduction and diffusion of the oil mist into the interior is not inhibited at all, it is possible to detect the oil mist normally without the influence of the oil splash. Further, since it is only necessary to provide the outer wall and the inner wall, the structure is simple and the size can be reduced. Furthermore, an outer wall through-hole and an inner wall through-hole opened downward in the vicinity of the detection area can be provided to prevent the intrusion of oil droplets that mainly pour down from above, and the through-holes partially overlap. Since the oil mist reaches the detection region more directly, the oil mist generated in the crankcase can reach the detection region as soon as possible, and a detection time delay can be prevented. .
その効果をより顕著にするには、前記検出領域近傍に下向きに開口させた内壁貫通孔が、検出領域のほぼ側方にまで開口するものであることが好適である。 In order to make the effect more conspicuous, it is preferable that the inner wall through-hole opened downward in the vicinity of the detection region opens to substantially the side of the detection region.
外壁貫通孔から内部に浸入したオイル飛沫は油滴となってケーシング下部に溜まっていく。これを排出するには、前記外壁貫通孔が、少なくとも外壁の下部に設けてあるものが好ましい。もちろん内壁内部にも、わずかずつではあるが油滴が入り込む場合がある。その排出のため、内壁の下部にも内壁貫通孔を設けておくことがより好ましい。さらに、透光窓の下方にオイル溜まりを防止するための外部排出経路を形成しておくことも効果的である。 The oil droplets that have entered the inside through the outer wall through hole become oil droplets and accumulate in the lower part of the casing. In order to discharge this, it is preferable that the outer wall through hole is provided at least in the lower part of the outer wall. Of course, oil droplets may also enter the inner wall, albeit slightly. For the discharge, it is more preferable to provide an inner wall through hole at the lower portion of the inner wall. Furthermore, it is also effective to form an external discharge path for preventing oil accumulation below the transparent window.
具体的な実施態様としては、ケーシングが円筒形状をなし、その先端部をクランクケース内に突出させて、例えば軸線が水平となるように取り付けられるものを挙げることができる。 As a specific embodiment, there can be mentioned one in which the casing has a cylindrical shape, the tip of which protrudes into the crankcase, and is attached so that the axis is horizontal, for example.
また、オイル飛沫の内部への浸入を好適に防止するためには、前記ケーシングの軸方向に沿って、前記内壁貫通孔を前記外壁貫通孔よりも先端側に位置させ、前記外壁貫通孔を前記内壁貫通孔よりも基端側に位置させることにより、それら内壁貫通孔及び外壁貫通孔が一部重なり合うように構成していることが望ましい。In order to suitably prevent oil droplets from entering the interior, the inner wall through-hole is positioned on the tip side of the outer wall through-hole along the axial direction of the casing, and the outer wall through-hole is inserted into the outer wall through-hole. It is desirable that the inner wall through hole and the outer wall through hole are partially overlapped by being positioned closer to the base end side than the inner wall through hole.
前記透光窓のオイルミスト導入室側を撥油性フィルムで覆ったものであれば、オイルミスト濃度が高くオイル飛沫量が多い場合にも油滴が付着しにくく、透光窓に付着した油滴による散乱を検出する機会が減るため、より正確な検出を行うことができる。 If the oil mist introduction chamber side of the translucent window is covered with an oil repellent film, oil droplets are difficult to adhere even when the oil mist concentration is high and the amount of oil splash is large, and the oil droplets adhered to the translucent window Since the opportunity to detect scattering due to is reduced, more accurate detection can be performed.
前記透光窓のオイルミスト導入室側を親油性フィルムで覆ったものであれば、オイルミスト濃度が低くオイル飛沫量が多い場合にも透光窓のミストによる曇りを防止し、僅かなベース光の上昇で誤警報を発生することを防止できる。 If the oil mist introduction chamber side of the translucent window is covered with an oleophilic film, even if the oil mist concentration is low and the amount of oil splash is large, fogging due to the mist of the translucent window is prevented, and a slight amount of base light It is possible to prevent a false alarm from occurring due to the rise of
以下に本発明の一実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
本実施形態に係るオイルミスト検出装置1は、図1,図2に示すように、例えば船舶用ディーゼル機関のクランクケースCに取り付けられるものであり、軸受過熱等によりクランクケースC内部で発生するオイルミストを検出するために用いられる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the oil mist detection device 1 according to the present embodiment is attached to a crankcase C of a marine diesel engine, for example, and oil generated inside the crankcase C due to bearing overheating or the like. Used to detect mist.
具体的にこのものは、先端側がクランクケースCの内側にほぼ水平に突出するように、当該クランクケースCの壁に設けた取付孔C1に外部から貫通させて取り付けられる円筒状の検出部11と、その検出部11の基端に連設される直方体状の制御部12とを備えている。 Specifically, this includes a cylindrical detection portion 11 that is attached to the mounting hole C1 provided in the wall of the crankcase C so as to protrude from the outside so that the tip side protrudes substantially horizontally inside the crankcase C. And a rectangular parallelepiped control unit 12 connected to the base end of the detection unit 11.
検出部11は、図3に模式的に示すように、先端側にオイルミストを内部に導入拡散し得るように構成したオイルミスト導入室61を形成し、基端側にセンサ収容室66を形成したケーシング6を備えている。これらオイルミスト導入室61とセンサ収容室66とは、透明板材で形成した透光窓Wで仕切ってあり、センサ収容室66の前記透光窓Wに臨む位置に発光手段2及び受光手段3を並べて配置するようにしている。 As schematically shown in FIG. 3, the detection unit 11 forms an oil mist introduction chamber 61 configured to be able to introduce and diffuse oil mist inside at the distal end side, and a sensor housing chamber 66 at the proximal end side. The casing 6 is provided. The oil mist introduction chamber 61 and the sensor storage chamber 66 are partitioned by a transparent window W formed of a transparent plate material, and the light emitting means 2 and the light receiving means 3 are disposed at positions facing the transparent window W of the sensor storage chamber 66. They are arranged side by side.
発光手段2は、その発光面を透光窓Wに向けて配置した例えばLEDであり、本実施形態では、オイルミストの粒子径に適合する波長帯域光を発するものを用いている。もちろん、LD(レーザダイオード)等他の発光手段2を用いても構わない。受光手段3は、その受光面を透光窓Wに向けて配置した例えばPD(フォトダイオード)であり、その受光面に受けた光の強度に応じた値の電気信号を出力するものである。もちろん例えばCCD等、他の受光手段を用いても構わない。 The light emitting means 2 is, for example, an LED whose light emitting surface is arranged toward the light transmitting window W, and in the present embodiment, a light emitting means 2 that emits light in a wavelength band that matches the particle diameter of oil mist is used. Of course, other light emitting means 2 such as LD (laser diode) may be used. The light receiving means 3 is, for example, a PD (photodiode) whose light receiving surface is arranged toward the light transmitting window W, and outputs an electric signal having a value corresponding to the intensity of light received on the light receiving surface. Of course, other light receiving means such as a CCD may be used.
これら発光手段2及び受光手段3は、照射する光LBの光軸及び受光する光LSの光軸が互いに略平行となるように並列配置してあり、図3に模式的に示すように、ケーシング6の軸線6Cに沿って配置した仕切板43によって仕切ってある。そして、発光手段2の発光面と透光窓Wとの間に配置した第1屈折手段41によって、発光手段2から出た照射光LBが受光手段3側に曲がり、図4に示すように、前記透光窓Wを介してオイルミスト導入室61の中心軸線6C近傍に設定された検出領域Sに照射されるように構成している。一方、前記検出領域Sに存在するオイルミストに前記照射光LBが当たって生じる散乱光LSは、図3に示すように、前記透光窓Wを通過した後、受光手段3の受光面と透光窓Wとの間に配置した第2屈折手段42で曲げられ前記受光手段3で受光されるようにしてある。なお、第1屈折手段41及び第2屈折手段42は、円形凸レンズをその光軸(中心)を通る直線で半割した半円形状をなすもので、薄肉板状をなす遮光部材44をその半割面間に挟み込ませるように配置している。さらに、ケーシング6の先端部内面はテーパ面で円錐状を呈するように形成してあって散乱光LSが、オイルミスト導入室61の先端側に入り込んでも、多(複)数回、内部反射して吸収する(迷光として反射されない)機能を奏するように構成している。 The light emitting means 2 and the light receiving means 3 are arranged in parallel so that the optical axis of the light LB to be irradiated and the optical axis of the light LS to be received are substantially parallel to each other. As schematically shown in FIG. 6 are partitioned by a partition plate 43 arranged along the 6 axis 6C. And by the 1st refracting means 41 arrange | positioned between the light emission surface of the light emission means 2, and the translucent window W, the irradiation light LB emitted from the light emission means 2 bends to the light reception means 3, and as shown in FIG. The detection area S set near the central axis 6C of the oil mist introduction chamber 61 is irradiated through the light transmission window W. On the other hand, the scattered light LS generated when the irradiation light LB strikes the oil mist present in the detection region S passes through the light transmission window W and then passes through the light receiving surface of the light receiving means 3 as shown in FIG. It is bent by the second refracting means 42 disposed between the light window W and received by the light receiving means 3. The first refracting means 41 and the second refracting means 42 have a semicircular shape obtained by halving a circular convex lens by a straight line passing through its optical axis (center), and a light shielding member 44 having a thin plate shape is provided in the semicircular shape. It arrange | positions so that it may be inserted | pinched between split surfaces. Further, the inner surface of the front end of the casing 6 is formed in a tapered surface so as to have a conical shape, and even if the scattered light LS enters the front end side of the oil mist introduction chamber 61, it is internally reflected a number of times. And absorbs it (does not reflect as stray light).
このようにして、前記受光手段3で受光された散乱光LSが、その強度に応じた電気信号である検出信号に変換され、プリアンプ回路等を経て前記制御部12に送信されて、オイルミスト状態を示すランプ表示がなされるようにしている。なお、この検出信号は、さらに図示しないメイン制御装置にケーブルを介して送信できるようにしてある。 In this way, the scattered light LS received by the light receiving means 3 is converted into a detection signal that is an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity thereof, transmitted to the control unit 12 through a preamplifier circuit, etc., and in an oil mist state A lamp display is displayed. The detection signal can be transmitted to a main control device (not shown) via a cable.
しかして本実施形態では、図4から図7に示すように、前記オイルミスト導入室61を形成する壁体62のうちの側周部分を、間に隙間65を有する内壁63及び外壁64からなる2重壁構造にしている。そして、それら内壁63及び外壁64の互いに異なる位置に、オイルミストを内部に導入するための内壁貫通孔8及び外壁貫通孔7をそれぞれ厚み方向に貫通させ、それら貫通孔及び内外壁間の隙間65を介してオイルミストを当該オイルミスト導入室61に導出入可能に構成している。ここで互いに異なる位置とは、外から見て内部が見えない状態、すなわち全く重なり合う部分のない位置関係の他に、一部が部分的に重なり合う位置関係も含むものとする。 Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the side circumferential portion of the wall body 62 forming the oil mist introduction chamber 61 is composed of an inner wall 63 and an outer wall 64 having a gap 65 therebetween. It has a double wall structure. Then, the inner wall through hole 8 and the outer wall through hole 7 for introducing oil mist into the inner wall 63 and the outer wall 64 at different positions are penetrated in the thickness direction, respectively, and a gap 65 between the through hole and the inner and outer walls is provided. The oil mist can be led out and introduced into the oil mist introduction chamber 61 via the. Here, the mutually different positions include a positional relationship in which a part thereof overlaps in addition to a positional relationship in which the inside is not visible when viewed from the outside, that is, a positional relationship in which there is no overlapping portion.
具体的に各貫通孔について以下に詳述する。 Specifically, each through hole will be described in detail below.
外壁貫通孔7は、例えば、中心より上側に配設したものを4つ(以下、第1外壁貫通孔7(1)と称する)と、中心より下側に配置したものを4つ(そのうち先端部に配設した2つを第2外壁貫通孔7(2)、中央部に配設した1つを第3外壁貫通孔7(3)、基端部に配設した1つを第4外壁貫通孔7(4)と称する)とを設けている。 For example, four outer wall through holes 7 are arranged above the center (hereinafter referred to as first outer wall through holes 7 (1)) and four are arranged below the center (of which the tip Two disposed at the central portion are the second outer wall through hole 7 (2), one disposed at the central portion is the third outer wall through hole 7 (3), and one disposed at the proximal end is the fourth outer wall. Through holes 7 (4)).
第1外壁貫通孔7(1)は、外壁64の斜め上部に設けた円形のもので、先端部における軸線6C方向に同一位置に2つ、基端部における軸線6C方向に同一位置に2つを配設している。 The first outer wall through-hole 7 (1) is a circular one provided at an oblique upper portion of the outer wall 64, two at the same position in the axis 6C direction at the distal end and two at the same position in the axis 6C direction at the proximal end. Is arranged.
第2外壁貫通孔7(2)は、外壁64の斜め下部に設けたもので前記第1外壁貫通孔7(1)と同形状をなす。そして、先端部に設けた前記第1外壁貫通孔7(1)の直下に配設している。 The second outer wall through hole 7 (2) is provided at an oblique lower portion of the outer wall 64 and has the same shape as the first outer wall through hole 7 (1). And it arrange | positions directly under the said 1st outer wall through-hole 7 (1) provided in the front-end | tip part.
第3外壁貫通孔7(3)は、外壁64の最下部に設けたもので、前記第1外壁貫通孔7(1)よりも大径の円形状のものである。 The third outer wall through hole 7 (3) is provided at the lowermost part of the outer wall 64, and has a circular shape with a larger diameter than the first outer wall through hole 7 (1).
第4外壁貫通孔7(4)は、外壁64の最下部から斜め下部に至るまでの周方向に延びる長円状をなすもので、外壁64の基端部に配設してある。この第4外壁貫通孔7(4)は、前記第3外壁貫通孔7(3)のほぼ直下に設けてある。 The fourth outer wall through-hole 7 (4) has an oval shape extending in the circumferential direction from the lowermost part of the outer wall 64 to the diagonally lower part, and is disposed at the base end of the outer wall 64. The fourth outer wall through hole 7 (4) is provided almost immediately below the third outer wall through hole 7 (3).
内壁貫通孔8は、例えば、先端部に円形のものを4つ(以下、第1内壁貫通孔8(1)と称する)と、基端部に円形のものを1つ(以下、第2内壁貫通孔8(2)と称する)及び長円形のものを1つ(以下、第3内壁貫通孔8(3)と称する)とを設けている。 The inner wall through-holes 8 are, for example, four circular ones at the tip (hereinafter referred to as first inner wall through-hole 8 (1)) and one circular one at the base end (hereinafter referred to as second inner wall). (Referred to as a through hole 8 (2)) and one oval shape (hereinafter referred to as a third inner wall through hole 8 (3)).
第1内壁貫通孔8(1)は、内壁63の最上部、両側方及び最下部の計4箇所に配置してあり、前記第1外壁貫通孔7(1)のうち先端部のもの及び第2外壁貫通孔7(2)と軸線6C方向には同一位置であって、周方向には位相の異なった位置に設定してある。これらは、前記第1外壁貫通孔7(1)及び第2外壁貫通孔7(2)と全く重なり合う部分がない。 The first inner wall through-holes 8 (1) are arranged at a total of four locations, the uppermost part, both sides, and the lowermost part of the inner wall 63, and the first inner wall through-holes 8 (1) Two outer wall through-holes 7 (2) and the axis 6C are at the same position, and are set at different positions in the circumferential direction. These do not overlap at all with the first outer wall through hole 7 (1) and the second outer wall through hole 7 (2).
第2内壁貫通孔8(2)は、内壁63の最上部に配設してあり、前記第1外壁貫通孔7(1)のうち基端部のものと軸線6C方向には同一位置であって、周方向には位相の異なった位置に設定してある。この第2内壁貫通孔8(2)は、前記第1貫通孔と全く重なり合う部分がない。 The second inner wall through hole 8 (2) is disposed at the uppermost part of the inner wall 63, and is located at the same position in the axis 6C direction as that of the base end portion of the first outer wall through hole 7 (1). Thus, the positions are set at different phases in the circumferential direction. The second inner wall through-hole 8 (2) does not overlap at all with the first through-hole.
第3内壁貫通孔8(3)は、内壁63の最下部から側方に至るまでの周方向に延びる長円状をなすもので、前記第4外壁貫通孔7(4)よりも先端寄りに設けてあり、この第4外壁貫通孔7(4)と一部が重なり合うように構成してある。 The third inner wall through hole 8 (3) has an oval shape extending in the circumferential direction from the lowermost part of the inner wall 63 to the side, and is closer to the tip than the fourth outer wall through hole 7 (4). It is provided and is configured to partially overlap with the fourth outer wall through-hole 7 (4).
さらにこの実施形態では、上向きに開口する外壁貫通孔7である第1外壁貫通孔7(1)と、その近傍又は下方に位置する内壁貫通孔8との間に、当該外壁貫通孔7から浸入したオイル飛沫が前記内壁貫通孔8に流入するのを防止するための流入防止壁10を設けている。この流入防止壁10は、外壁64内面と内壁63外面との間に介在してその隙間65を閉塞する板状のものである。 Further, in this embodiment, the first outer wall through-hole 7 (1), which is the outer wall through-hole 7 that opens upward, and the inner wall through-hole 8 located near or below the first outer wall through-hole 7 enter from the outer wall through-hole 7. An inflow prevention wall 10 is provided to prevent the splashed oil from flowing into the inner wall through hole 8. The inflow prevention wall 10 is a plate-like member that is interposed between the inner surface of the outer wall 64 and the outer surface of the inner wall 63 and closes the gap 65.
具体的には、前記第1外壁貫通孔7(1)のうち先端部のものとその両側に位置する第1内壁貫通孔8(1)との間、及び前記第1外壁貫通孔7(1)のうち基端部のものとその両側に位置する第2内壁貫通孔8(2)及び第3内壁貫通孔8(3)との間に設けてある。 Specifically, between the first outer wall through hole 7 (1) and the first inner wall through hole 8 (1) located on both sides thereof, and the first outer wall through hole 7 (1). ) Between the second inner wall through hole 8 (2) and the third inner wall through hole 8 (3) located on both sides thereof.
第1外壁貫通孔7(1)のうち先端部のものと内壁63最上部に位置する第1内壁貫通孔8(1)との間に設けた流入防止壁10は、軸線6C方向に延びる直線板状をなすものである。同第1外壁貫通孔7(1)と内壁63側方に位置する第1内壁貫通孔8(1)との間に設けた流入防止壁10は、第1内壁貫通孔8(1)の上方を覆う上覆部10Aと、その上覆部10Aの一端から垂下し第1内壁貫通孔8(1)の側方を覆う側覆部10Bとを備えた側面視、湾曲乃至屈曲した形状のものである。 The inflow prevention wall 10 provided between the first outer wall through hole 7 (1) and the first inner wall through hole 8 (1) located at the top of the inner wall 63 is a straight line extending in the direction of the axis 6C. It is plate-shaped. The inflow prevention wall 10 provided between the first outer wall through hole 7 (1) and the first inner wall through hole 8 (1) located on the side of the inner wall 63 is located above the first inner wall through hole 8 (1). In a side view, curved or bent shape, provided with an upper cover portion 10A that covers the side wall and a side cover portion 10B that is suspended from one end of the upper cover portion 10A and covers the side of the first inner wall through hole 8 (1). It is.
第1外壁貫通孔7(1)のうち基端部のものと第2内壁貫通孔8(2)との間に設けた流入防止壁10は、軸線6C方向に延びる直線板状をなすものである。第1外壁貫通孔7(1)のうち基端部のものと第3内壁貫通孔8(3)との間に設けた流入防止壁10は、第3内壁貫通孔8(3)の上方を覆う上覆部10Aと、その上覆部10Aの一端から垂下し第3内壁貫通孔8(3)の側方を覆う側覆部10Bとを備えた側面視、湾曲乃至屈曲した形状のものである。この実施形態では、この側覆部10Bが延出してその裏側にある流入防止壁10の側覆部10Bと連続し、第3内壁貫通孔8(3)の側縁部を完全に覆うように構成している。 The inflow prevention wall 10 provided between the base end portion of the first outer wall through hole 7 (1) and the second inner wall through hole 8 (2) has a linear plate shape extending in the direction of the axis 6C. is there. The inflow prevention wall 10 provided between the first outer wall through hole 7 (1) and the third inner wall through hole 8 (3) is located above the third inner wall through hole 8 (3). A side view, curved or bent shape provided with an upper cover portion 10A for covering and a side cover portion 10B hanging from one end of the upper cover portion 10A and covering the side of the third inner wall through-hole 8 (3). is there. In this embodiment, the side cover portion 10B extends so as to be continuous with the side cover portion 10B of the inflow preventing wall 10 on the back side so as to completely cover the side edge portion of the third inner wall through-hole 8 (3). It is composed.
加えてこの実施形態では、組み立てや製造の関係上、ケーシング6における前記センサ収容室66とオイルミスト導入室61とを別体で形成し、それらを嵌合させて接続しているため、その接続部分である透光窓Wの下方にオイルが溜まりやすくなる。したがってこの部分の壁体62に外部排出経路13である溝を形成し、前記第4外壁貫通孔7(4)に接続して、オイル抜きを円滑に行えるようにしている。 In addition, in this embodiment, the sensor housing chamber 66 and the oil mist introduction chamber 61 in the casing 6 are formed separately from each other for the purpose of assembly and manufacturing, and are connected by fitting them. Oil easily collects below the translucent window W, which is a portion. Therefore, a groove which is the external discharge path 13 is formed in the wall body 62 of this portion and connected to the fourth outer wall through-hole 7 (4) so that the oil can be smoothly drained.
このように構成した本実施形態によれば、例えば機関の起動時又は停止時に潤滑油のプライミングが行われる場合など、ケーシング6上部に大量のオイル飛沫が降り注ぐ場合でも、上向きの外壁貫通孔7から入ったオイル飛沫は、流入防止壁10によって阻止されて内壁貫通孔8に入ることなく、下部に設けた外壁貫通孔7から排出される。したがって、検出領域Sへのオイル飛沫の浸入を確実に防止できる。その一方で、オイルミストは、外壁貫通孔7、隙間65及び内壁貫通孔8を経由して検出領域Sに至ることができるため、オイル飛沫の影響を排除してオイルミストを正常に検出することができる。 According to this embodiment configured as described above, even when a large amount of oil droplets pour onto the upper portion of the casing 6 such as when priming of the lubricating oil is performed when the engine is started or stopped, the upward outer wall through-hole 7 The oil splash that has entered is blocked by the inflow prevention wall 10 and is discharged from the outer wall through hole 7 provided in the lower part without entering the inner wall through hole 8. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably prevent oil droplets from entering the detection region S. On the other hand, since the oil mist can reach the detection region S via the outer wall through-hole 7, the gap 65, and the inner wall through-hole 8, it is possible to normally detect the oil mist by eliminating the influence of oil splashes. Can do.
特にこの実施形態では、図4から図7に示すように、オイルミストは機関内の対流及び拡散により、主にケーシング6下部に設けた第4外壁貫通孔7(4)及び第3内壁貫通孔8(3)を介して検出領域Sに至ることとなる。しかして、これら第4外壁貫通孔7(4)及び第3内壁貫通孔8(3)は検出領域S近傍に設けられ、特に第3内壁貫通孔8(3)は検出領域Sの側方にまで切れ込んだ長孔であるうえに、それらの一部が重なり合ってオイルミストが外部からより直接的に検出領域Sに至るため、オイルミストの検出領域Sへの到達を阻害することなく、検出時間遅れを防止することができる。また、外壁貫通孔7及び内壁貫通孔8は、オイルミスト導入室61の先端部や上部にそれぞれ複数設けられているため、オイルミストの置換も効率よく行うことができる。 In particular, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the oil mist is caused by convection and diffusion in the engine, mainly through a fourth outer wall through hole 7 (4) and a third inner wall through hole provided in the lower part of the casing 6. The detection area S is reached via 8 (3). Thus, the fourth outer wall through hole 7 (4) and the third inner wall through hole 8 (3) are provided in the vicinity of the detection region S. In particular, the third inner wall through hole 8 (3) is located on the side of the detection region S. In addition, the oil mist reaches the detection region S more directly from the outside because some of them overlap and the detection time does not hinder the oil mist from reaching the detection region S. Delay can be prevented. Moreover, since the outer wall through-hole 7 and the inner wall through-hole 8 are provided in plural at the tip and upper part of the oil mist introduction chamber 61, the oil mist can be replaced efficiently.
さらに、前記第4外壁貫通孔7(4)及び第3内壁貫通孔8(3)は、下向きに開口するものであるため、上方からオイル飛沫が降り注いでも内部にオイル飛沫を浸入させることはない。跳ね返り等で下方から飛び込んでくる若干のオイル飛沫に対しても、第4外壁貫通孔7(4)及び第3内壁貫通孔8(3)の軸方向の位置を若干異ならせているため、その影響が最小限となる。なお、図4中第3内壁貫通孔8(3)の下部基端側に直立する板体10は、斜め下方から透光板に向かって飛び込んでくるオイル飛沫を阻止するための防止壁Cである。 Furthermore, since the fourth outer wall through-hole 7 (4) and the third inner wall through-hole 8 (3) are opened downward, even if oil splashes from above, the oil splash does not enter inside. . The position of the fourth outer wall through-hole 7 (4) and the third inner wall through-hole 8 (3) in the axial direction is slightly different even with respect to a slight amount of oil splashing from below due to rebound, etc. The impact is minimal. In addition, the plate body 10 standing upright on the lower base end side of the third inner wall through-hole 8 (3) in FIG. 4 is a prevention wall C for preventing oil splashing from obliquely downward toward the light-transmitting plate. is there.
加えて、外壁64の最下部に設けた第3及び第4外壁貫通孔7(4)の面積を、例えば上向きに開口する第1外壁貫通孔7(1)の総面積よりも大きくしているため、オイルミスト導入室61内にオイルが溜まることがない。 In addition, the area of the third and fourth outer wall through-holes 7 (4) provided at the lowermost part of the outer wall 64 is made larger than the total area of the first outer wall through-holes 7 (1) opening upward, for example. Therefore, oil does not accumulate in the oil mist introduction chamber 61.
なお、本発明は前記各実施形態に限られるものではない。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
例えば内外壁貫通孔の位置、形状、個数等は前記実施形態に限られるものではなく、オイル飛沫がオイルミスト導入室内に直接入り込まないようにそれらの位置がずらせてあればよい。また流入防止壁についても同様で、特にオイル飛沫の多い箇所に配置することが好ましい。 For example, the position, shape, number, and the like of the inner and outer wall through holes are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the positions may be shifted so that the oil splash does not directly enter the oil mist introduction chamber. The same applies to the inflow prevention wall, and it is particularly preferable that the inflow prevention wall be disposed at a location where there are many oil splashes.
もちろん、ケーシングの形状や素材等も前記実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Of course, the shape, material, and the like of the casing are not limited to the above embodiment.
また、例えば、ディーゼル機関のうち、中高速4サイクルタイプのものの場合は、オイル飛沫を受けやすい位置にオイルミスト検出装置が取り付けされ、かつ、通常運転時のオイルミスト濃度も高い。高濃度用のオイルミスト検出装置としては、特に光学窓に撥油性フィルムでカバーすることによって、透光窓の汚れを付着しにくくすることができる。この方法によれば、内壁部材の邪魔板などの枚数を減らし、飛沫防止の構造を簡略化することが出来る。 Further, for example, in the case of a diesel engine of a medium and high speed four-cycle type, an oil mist detection device is attached at a position where it is easy to receive oil splashes, and the oil mist concentration during normal operation is also high. As an oil mist detection device for high concentration, it is possible to make it difficult to adhere dirt on the light-transmitting window, particularly by covering the optical window with an oil-repellent film. According to this method, the number of baffle plates of the inner wall member can be reduced, and the structure for preventing splashing can be simplified.
撥油性フィルムを用いた場合、オイルミストが透光窓に凝縮し、曇りを発生することがある。通常、この曇りは僅かな窓表面で光の散乱を生じさせ、外乱としてベース光を上昇させる。ディーゼル機関のうち、低速2サイクルタイプのものの場合は、オイル飛沫を受けにくい位置にオイルミスト検出装置が取り付けされ、かつ通常運転時の濃度も低い。したがって、警報点も低めに設定されるため、僅かなベース光の上昇によって誤動作することがある。したがってこの場合であれば、これを防止するために、透光窓の保護コートとして親油性フィルムを用いればよい。これによってオイルミストの凝縮による表面の曇りを防止し、安定したオイルミストの検出が可能になる。 When an oil repellent film is used, the oil mist may condense on the translucent window and cause fogging. This fogging usually causes light scattering on the slight window surface and raises the base light as a disturbance. In the case of a low-speed two-cycle type among diesel engines, an oil mist detection device is attached at a position where it is difficult to receive oil splashes, and the concentration during normal operation is low. Therefore, since the alarm point is also set low, a malfunction may occur due to a slight rise in the base light. Therefore, in this case, in order to prevent this, an oleophilic film may be used as a protective coating for the transparent window. This prevents clouding of the surface due to condensation of oil mist, and enables stable detection of oil mist.
その他本発明は、上記図示例に限られず、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。 In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above illustrated example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
以上に詳述した本発明によれば、オイルミスト導入室が、内壁貫通孔、隙間及び外壁貫通孔を経由して、非直線的な経路で外部のクランクケース内とつながるため、クランクケース内で発生するオイル飛沫のオイルミスト導入室内への浸入を防止することができる。しかもオイルミストの内部への導入、拡散は全く阻害されないため、オイル飛沫の影響を排除してオイルミストを正常に検出することができる。また、単に外壁と内壁とを設ければよいため、構造が簡単で小型化も可能となり、長寿命かつ取り扱いが容易で安価な装置が可能となる。 According to the present invention described in detail above, the oil mist introduction chamber is connected to the outside of the crankcase through a non-linear path via the inner wall through hole, the gap, and the outer wall through hole. It is possible to prevent the generated oil splash from entering the oil mist introduction chamber. Moreover, since the introduction and diffusion of the oil mist into the interior is not inhibited at all, it is possible to detect the oil mist normally without the influence of the oil splash. Further, since it is only necessary to provide the outer wall and the inner wall, the structure is simple and the size can be reduced, and a long-life, easy-to-handle and inexpensive device is possible.
C ・・・クランクケース
61・・・オイルミスト導入室
6 ・・・ケーシング
W ・・・透光窓
2 ・・・発光手段
3 ・・・受光手段
S ・・・検出領域
LB・・・照射光
LS・・・散乱光
62・・・壁体
65・・・隙間
63・・・内壁
64・・・外壁
8 ・・・内壁貫通孔
7 ・・・外壁貫通孔
1 ・・・オイルミスト検出装置
10・・・流入防止壁
13・・・外部排出経路
C: Crankcase 61: Oil mist introduction chamber 6: Casing W ... Translucent window 2 ... Light emitting means 3 ... Light receiving means S ... Detection area LB ... Irradiation light LS ... scattered light 62 ... wall body 65 ... gap 63 ... inner wall 64 ... outer wall 8 ... inner wall through hole 7 ... outer wall through hole 1 ... oil mist detecting device 10 ... Inflow prevention wall 13 ... External discharge path
Claims (9)
前記オイルミスト導入室を形成する壁体の少なくとも一部を、隙間をあけて配置した内壁及び外壁から構成するとともに、それら内壁及び外壁の互いに異なる位置に、オイルミストを内部に導入するための内壁貫通孔及び外壁貫通孔をそれぞれ設け、
前記内壁貫通孔及び前記外壁貫通孔を下向きに開口させて、前記内壁貫通孔及び前記外壁貫通孔が一部重なり合うように構成しているオイルミスト検出装置。 A casing having an oil mist introduction chamber disposed in a crankcase of an internal combustion engine, and a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit disposed so as to face an outer side of a translucent window provided in the oil mist introduction chamber. Means for irradiating light to a predetermined detection region in the oil mist introduction chamber through the light transmission window and scattering light generated when the irradiation light hits the oil mist present in the detection region through the light transmission window. The light receiving means detects oil mist by receiving light,
An inner wall for introducing at least a part of a wall body forming the oil mist introduction chamber from an inner wall and an outer wall arranged with a gap and introducing oil mist into the inner wall and the outer wall at different positions. Providing a through hole and an outer wall through hole,
And downward to open the inner wall through hole and the outer wall through-hole, said inner wall through hole and the outer wall through holes configured and has an oil mist detecting apparatus so as to overlap partially.
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