JP4173985B2 - Puff manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is, for example, raw material for producing such confectionery relates to small particle size puff manufacturing how.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Puff is widely used as a raw material for producing confectionery and the like, and in particular, a granular puff having a particle size as small as several millimeters or less is a raw material that provides an excellent texture as a bite-sized confectionery ingredient. It is preferably used as an ingredient to be mixed with chocolate dough.
[0003]
As a conventional method for producing such a puff having a small particle size, a method called direct puff, which is directly produced by an extrusion molding machine, is known. In this method, the starch raw material to which water is added is supplied to the extruder, heated and kneaded, and then cut while discharging from the nozzle at high pressure, thereby simultaneously performing discharge molding and expansion, which increases productivity. Since it is excellent, it is widely used as a method for producing puffed snacks.
[0004]
There is also known a method for producing an intermediate product called a pellet called a so-called kneading pulverization type. In this method, a starchy raw material to which water has been added is heated and cooked with a batch kneader or the like, and then turned into a sheet. After this is rolled into a sheet, pellets are formed by die cutting or cutting. It is a method of heating to a high temperature and expanding.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, among the above-mentioned conventional techniques, the direct puff method is excellent in productivity and can produce a puff having a small particle size. However, in order to expand simultaneously with the discharge of the extruder, the moisture content of the raw material is reduced. There is a problem that the texture becomes powdery, and a crunchy texture cannot be obtained.
[0006]
In the steaming and pulverizing method, by adjusting the cut size at the time of die cutting and cutting, pellets with a small particle size can be formed, but the process is long and the cut loss at the time of die cutting and cutting is high. There was a problem that productivity was low.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is excellent in texture, further excellent in productivity, it is to provide a manufacturing how small puff particle sizes.
[0008]
In order to achieve the above object, a method for producing a puff according to the present invention includes a puff raw material containing starchy raw material containing rice flour, and 15 to 25 parts by mass of water with respect to 100 parts by mass of the puff raw material. Supplying to the ruder, while heating and kneading so that the starch raw material is α, it is a discharge hole of the nozzle portion attached to the tip of the extruder , the inner diameter is 1.0 to 1.5 mm, its total number, by cutting extruded from said discharge Deana provided such that the unit area per 1.5 to 4.5 pieces / cm ² of the barrel of the extruder, the average particle diameter of 1.5 The method includes a pellet forming step of forming a pellet of ~ 2.2 mm, and a swelling step of heating and expanding the pellet to obtain a puff having an average particle size of 1.8 to 2.8 mm.
[0009]
According to this, since a pellet is once formed using an extruder and then expanded, it can be sufficiently added to the starchy raw material as compared with the direct puff system. Therefore, a puff having the above particle size can be produced, and a crispy texture puff can be obtained.
[0010]
In addition, it extrudes from the discharge hole of the nozzle part attached to the tip of the extruder and cuts it to form pellets at the same time, eliminating the need for die cutting and cutting processes, and improving productivity compared to the steam pulverization method. be able to.
[0011]
The inner diameter of the discharge hole of the nozzle portion is 1.0 to 1.5 mm, the total number of the discharge holes, the 1.5 to 4.5 per unit cross-sectional area of the extruder barrel / cm ² Therefore, it is possible to manufacture pellets having a small particle size in the above range while suppressing expansion during discharge, and as a result, it is possible to manufacture puffs having a small particle size in the above range.
[0012]
Further, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, the discharge hole is formed so that a cross-sectional shape along the axial direction is formed in a funnel shape including a tapered portion and a straight portion, and the tapered portion is on the barrel inner wall side. It is preferable that According to this, since the tapered portion and the straight portion are provided in the discharge hole, the flow of the raw material is smoothed by the tapered portion, and it is possible to prevent clogging of the raw material even if the discharge hole has an inner diameter in the above range. In addition, discharge is stabilized by the straight part, pellets with a small particle size in the above range can be produced, and further, wear near the edge of the discharge hole due to friction with the raw material compared to when the outlet of the discharge hole is a tapered part And the durability of the discharge holes can be improved.
[0013]
Furthermore, in the manufacturing method of this invention, it is preferable that the inner peripheral surface of the said discharge hole is processed with a fluororesin coating after being subjected to a metal coating. According to this, since the friction between the inner peripheral surface of the discharge hole and the raw material is reduced by forming the fluorine film on the outermost surface, the flow of the raw material becomes smooth, and the discharge hole having the inner diameter in the above range is formed. However, the clogging of raw materials can be prevented. Further, since the metal coating serves as a primer, the adhesion of the fluorine coating is improved, and the durability of the nozzle portion can be enhanced.
[0014]
The puff manufacturing method of the present invention includes a barrel, an extrusion screw disposed in the barrel, a supply port for supplying a raw material into the barrel, a nozzle portion attached to a tip of the barrel, and the nozzle portion. In the extruder for producing a puff provided with a cutter for cutting the raw material discharged from the nozzle, a plurality of discharge holes having an inner diameter of 1.0 to 1.5 mm are provided in the nozzle portion per unit cross-sectional area of the barrel. is formed so as to be 5 to 4.5 pieces / cm ^2, these discharge holes, the cross-sectional shape along the axial direction is formed in a funnel shape consisting of a tapered portion and a straight portion, the tapered portion said barrel It is preferable to use a puff manufacturing extruder characterized in that it is formed on the inner wall side, and the inner periphery of the discharge hole is covered with a fluorine resin through a metal film. Good .
[0015]
According to this, since the discharge holes having the above-mentioned inner diameter are formed in the nozzle portion so as to have the above-mentioned number, the average required to finally obtain a puff having an average particle diameter of 1.8 to 2.8 mm Pellets having a particle size of 1.5 to 2.2 mm can be formed.
[0016]
In addition, the discharge hole is formed in a funnel shape, and the inner peripheral surface of the discharge hole is covered with a fluororesin via a metal film. Flows smoothly and the discharge hole is not clogged, so that the puff can be manufactured with high productivity.
[0017]
Further, in the above-described extruder for producing a puff, the nozzle portion is composed of a cylindrical member whose one end surface is closed, and a plurality of the discharge holes are formed on the closed end surface of the cylindrical member. It is preferable that a die is attached, and a cylindrical member constituting the nozzle portion is attached to a plurality of attachment holes provided in the die, with the closed end face facing outward.
[0018]
According to this, a die is attached to the barrel tip, a plurality of nozzle portions are attached to the die, and a plurality of discharge holes are formed in each nozzle portion, so that the raw material is efficiently divided into a plurality of discharge holes. it can. In addition, since only the nozzle portion can be removed and replaced, maintenance such as inspection and cleaning is easy. Furthermore, since the inner diameter and number of the discharge holes can be freely adjusted simply by replacing the nozzle portion, the particle diameter of the pellet can be easily adjusted.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of an extruder used in the production method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a nozzle portion in FIG. 1, (A) is a rear view, and (B) is a side view. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the discharge hole in FIG.
[0020]
First, the extruder used in the manufacturing method of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the extruder 10 includes a cylindrical barrel 20, an extrusion screw 30 disposed in the barrel, and the barrel 20. The die 40 is mounted mainly on the tip of the die 40, and the cutter 60 is mounted on the tip of the die 40.
[0021]
The barrel 20 is formed of a cylindrical main body portion having a flange portion 20a at the tip, and a supply port 21 for supplying a raw material is protruded at a right angle on a part of the peripheral surface on the other end side. A plurality of heaters (not shown) are arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the barrel 20, and the temperature inside the barrel 20 is controlled by each heater. As such a barrel 20, a conventionally known barrel can be used and is not particularly limited.
[0022]
The extrusion screw 30 is disposed in the barrel 20 and is rotatably disposed so as to extrude the raw material in the direction of the flange portion 20a at the tip. The other end of the extrusion screw 30 is connected to a motor (not shown) for rotating the extrusion screw 30 in the axial direction.
[0023]
The extruder used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a monoaxial extruder as in this embodiment may be used, and a biaxial extruder may be used, but a monoaxial extruder is particularly preferable. Is preferably used.
[0024]
A cylindrical die 40 is attached to the flange portion 20a of the barrel 20 so as to close the opening of the barrel 20, and the flange portion 40a formed on the die 40 and the flange portion 20a of the barrel 20 are It is fixed by bolts 71 and nuts 72.
[0025]
The die 40 is provided with a plurality of nozzle mounting holes 41 so as to penetrate in the cylindrical axis direction of the die 40. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the die 40 is perpendicular to the cylindrical axis direction of the die 40. Eight nozzle mounting holes 41 are provided radially in a simple cross section. And thereby, the die | dye 40 is comprised so that the raw material pumped from the screw 30 may be divided | segmented into each nozzle attachment hole 41, and heads.
[0026]
In the present invention, as in this embodiment, the die 40 is preferably provided with a plurality of nozzle attachment holes 41, and more preferably 6 to 12 nozzle attachment holes 41 are provided. Thereby, the raw materials can be evenly distributed to the respective nozzle portions 50, and pellets having a uniform particle diameter can be obtained simultaneously.
[0027]
A nozzle portion 50 is mounted in each nozzle mounting hole 41. As shown in FIG. 2B, the nozzle portion 50 is formed of a cylindrical member with one end surface 55 closed, and a convex portion 56 is formed on the circumferential side surface. When the nozzle portion 50 is mounted from the flange 40a side of the die 40 with the closed end face 55 facing outward, the convex portion 56 is configured to act as a retainer.
[0028]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2A, a plurality of discharge holes 51 are formed concentrically on the end surface 55 of the nozzle portion 50. In this embodiment, 24 discharge holes 51 are formed. Yes.
[0029]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, each discharge hole 51 has a cross-sectional shape along the axial direction formed in a funnel shape including a tapered portion 52 and a straight portion 53, and the tapered portion 52 is formed on the barrel 20. It is provided on the inner wall side.
[0030]
Here, in this invention, it is preferable that the internal diameter of the discharge hole 51 of this nozzle part 50 is 1.0-1.5 mm. When the inner diameter is less than 1.0 mm, the nozzle is clogged during a long time operation, which is not preferable. When the inner diameter exceeds 1.5 mm, the pellet diameter increases, which is not preferable. The inner diameter of the discharge hole in the present invention means the inner diameter of the straight portion 53 described above, and when the discharge hole does not have a straight portion, it means the diameter of the end surface 55 of the discharge hole.
[0031]
The total number of discharge holes 51 is preferably 1.5 to 4.5 / cm ² per unit cross-sectional area of the barrel 20. If the total number of discharge holes is less than 1.5 / cm ^2, it is not preferable because the diameter of the pellet becomes large. If the total number of discharge holes exceeds 4.5 / cm ² , the nozzle is clogged during long-time production. This is not preferable because it tends to occur.
[0032]
The total number of ejection holes in the present invention means the total number of ejection holes formed in each nozzle part 50 (the number of ejection holes 51 of one nozzle part 50 x the number of nozzle parts 50). Further, the unit sectional area of the barrel means a unit sectional area in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction in the barrel space.
[0033]
Furthermore, the length of the straight portion 53 is preferably 0.1 to 5 mm. If the length is less than 0.1 mm, it is not preferable because the diameter of the pellet tends to be large, and if the length exceeds 5 mm, the extruder pressure is too high and it is difficult to produce.
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 3, a coating layer 54 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the discharge hole 51. The coating layer 54 is preferably treated with a fluororesin coating on a metal coating. As a result, a fluorine film is formed on the outermost surface, the friction between the inner peripheral surface of the discharge hole 51 and the raw material is reduced, the flow of the raw material is smoothed, and the discharge hole 51 can be prevented from being clogged. Further, since the metal coating serves as a primer, the adhesion between the fluorine coating and the nozzle portion 50 is improved, and the durability of the nozzle portion 50 can be enhanced.
[0035]
The metal film treatment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a process of providing a nickel / phosphorus film or the like by plating. The fluororesin coating is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), but other tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer ( Various fluorine resins such as FEP), tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene copolymer (ETFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) can also be used.
[0036]
Examples of such a coating treatment include a treatment (trade name: Nidax treatment) of impregnating a porous film of nickel and phosphorus with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin. As shown in FIG. 3, the above process may be performed at least on the inner peripheral surface of the discharge hole 51, or may be performed on the entire surface of the nozzle portion 50.
[0037]
A cutter 60 is attached to the tip portion of the nozzle portion 50 so as to cover the cylindrical portion of the nozzle portion 50, and a rotary cutter blade (not shown) extends along the end surface 55 of the nozzle portion 50 in the cutter 60. The raw material discharged from the discharge hole 51 can be cut. And the pellet formed by the cutting | disconnection is comprised so that it may fall from the discharge port 61. FIG. It does not specifically limit as the cutter 60, A conventionally well-known cutter apparatus can be used. Moreover, it does not specifically limit as a material of a cutter blade, A well-known stainless steel material etc. can be used.
[0038]
Next, the manufacturing method of the puff of the present invention using the above extruder 10 will be described.
[0039]
First, the raw material for puffs containing the starchy raw material and water are supplied to the supply port 21 of the extruder 10.
[0040]
As the starch material, flour such as wheat flour, rice flour, corn, millet, millet, potato starch, sweet potato starch, tapioca starch and the like can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination. Further, the particle size of the above-mentioned puffing raw material is preferably 16 mesh or less, particularly preferably 24 mesh or less, from the viewpoint of the texture of the puff of the product.
[0041]
In addition to the above-mentioned starchy raw materials, the puffing raw materials may contain auxiliary raw materials such as salt, sugar and malt extract, and may also contain a swelling agent such as baking soda.
[0042]
The amount of water added to the puff raw material is preferably 15 to 25 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the puff raw material. If the amount of water is less than 15 parts by mass, the texture tends to become powdery, which is not preferable, and if it exceeds 25 parts by mass, it tends to stick to the cutter during cutting.
[0043]
In the present invention, the above-described puffing raw material and water may be mixed in advance and then supplied to the supply port 21 of the extruder 10. The puffing raw material and water may be simultaneously supplied to the supply port 21 of the extruder 10. And mixing may be performed in the screw 30 of the extruder 10.
[0044]
Next, the raw material for puffs containing the above water is kneaded by heating so that the starchy raw material is gelatinized. As conditions for heat kneading, it is preferable to set the heat kneading part to 110 to 180 ° C. and to extrude at a discharge pressure of 60 to 130 kgf / cm ² . And the raw material for puffs containing the water after heat-kneading is extruded from the discharge hole 51 of the nozzle part 50 mounted at the tip of the extruder 10 and cut by the cutter 60 to form pellets.
[0045]
In the present invention, pellets having an average particle diameter of 1.5 to 2.2 mm are formed here. If the average particle size of the pellets is less than 1.5 mm, it is too small to make a crispy texture when puffed. On the other hand, if it exceeds 2.2 mm, the average particle size of the final puff will exceed 2.8 mm.
[0046]
Finally, the above pellets are expanded by heating to obtain a puff having an average particle diameter of 1.8 to 2.8 mm according to the present invention.
[0047]
As the heating expansion means, a conventionally known sand roasting machine, hot air oven or the like can be used. A sand roasting machine is a machine that expands pellets by putting them into a heat medium such as rock salt heated by direct fire.
[0048]
As the hot-air oven, a known hot-air supply device having a structure in which air sent by a blower fan is heated by a heater and blown out from a nozzle can be preferably used, but is not limited thereto. Further, the size and shape of the nozzle are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the shape, size, and number of pellets.
[0049]
Moreover, as conditions for expansion, conditions of a temperature of 210 to 270 ° C. and a time of 5 to 20 seconds are preferable. If the temperature is less than 210 ° C or the expansion time is less than 5 seconds, an unexpanded puff is generated and stable puffing cannot be performed, which is not preferable, and the temperature exceeds 270 ° C or the expansion time is 20 seconds. Exceeding this is not preferable because carbonized puffs are generated.
[0050]
The puff of the present invention thus obtained has an average particle size of 1.8 to 2.8 mm and is excellent in texture as a crispy. Moreover, the above-described puff can be efficiently produced by the production method of the present invention, and this puff can be suitably used as a confectionery raw material.
[0051]
【Example】
Example As a starch raw material, 20 parts by mass of wheat flour, 70 parts by mass of rice flour, and 10 parts by mass of tapioca starch were mixed, and 20 parts by mass of water was added thereto and mixed.
[0052]
By supplying the above mixed raw material to an extruder as shown in FIG. 1, setting the heating and kneading section at 135 ° C. and 160 ° C., and extruding and cutting under the conditions of a discharge pressure of 100 to 110 kgf / cm ² , A pellet having an average particle size of 2.0 mm was obtained.
[0053]
As the extruder, a uniaxial extruder having an inner diameter of 75 mm (cross-sectional area of 44 cm ² ) and a screw length (L) to diameter (D) ratio (L / D) of 20 was used.
[0054]
As the die, a die having eight nozzle portions radially as shown in FIG. 1 is used, and each nozzle portion is provided with 15 discharge holes having a diameter of 1.3 mm, for a total of 8 × 15 = 120 discharge holes were provided (the number of discharge holes was 2.7 / cm ² per unit cross-sectional area of the barrel).
[0055]
In addition, the discharge hole has a funnel shape as shown in FIG. 2 (B), the length of the straight portion is 3.5 mm, and nickel and nickel are formed on the entire peripheral surface of the nozzle portion including the inner peripheral surface of the discharge hole. A treatment (trade name: Nidax treatment) for impregnating a porous film of phosphorus with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin was performed.
[0056]
Next, this pellet was subjected to an expansion treatment using a hot air oven (trade name: Jet Zone, manufactured by Arakawa Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) at 240 ° C. for 15 seconds to produce a puff.
[0057]
As a result, the average particle diameter of the obtained pellet was 2.0 mm, and the average particle diameter of the obtained puff was 2.5 mm. Moreover, the puff was able to obtain a crunchy texture. Furthermore, the nozzle part was not clogged during the production.
[0058]
In the comparative example, six discharge holes having a diameter of 1.4 mm were provided in each nozzle part, and a total of 6 × 8 = 48 discharge holes were provided (the number of discharge holes was 1.1 per unit sectional area of the barrel). Puffs were produced under the same conditions as in the examples except for the number of pieces / cm ² ).
[0059]
As a result, the average particle size of the obtained pellet was 2.7 mm, and the average particle size of the obtained puff was 3.5 mm, which was larger than that of the example.
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, excellent texture, can be further excellent in the productivity, to provide a puff of manufacturing how the average particle size 1.8～2.8Mm. This puff can be suitably used as a confectionery raw material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of an extruder used in the production method of the present invention.
2 is an enlarged view of a nozzle portion in FIG. 1, wherein (A) is a rear view and (B) is a side sectional view.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of a discharge hole in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Extruder 20 Barrel 20a Flange part 21 Supply port 30 Screw 40 Die 40a Flange part 41 Mounting hole 50 Nozzle part 51 Discharge hole 52 Taper part 53 Straight part 54 Coating layer 55 End surface 56 Convex part 60 Cutter 61 Discharge port

Claims (3)

Supply puffing raw material containing starchy raw material containing rice flour and 15 to 25 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of the puffing raw material, and heat so that the starchy raw material becomes alpha. It is a discharge hole of the nozzle part mounted at the tip of the extruder while kneading , and the inner diameter thereof is 1.0 to 1.5 mm, and the total number is 1 per unit cross-sectional area of the barrel of the extruder. A pellet forming step of forming pellets having an average particle diameter of 1.5 to 2.2 mm by extruding and cutting from the discharge holes provided so as to be ⁵ to 4.5 pieces / cm ^2, and the pellets And a swelling step of obtaining a puff having an average particle size of 1.8 to 2.8 mm. The discharge holes, the cross-sectional shape along the axial direction is formed in a funnel shape consisting of a tapered portion and a straight portion, the tapered portion of claim 1 Symbol placement is provided such that the barrel inner wall puff Manufacturing method. The puff manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the discharge hole is subjected to a metal film treatment and a fluorine resin film treatment.

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