JP4172746B2 - Safety device for waste treatment system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste treatment technique for treating cracked gas generated from a thermal cracking furnace, and more particularly, to a waste treatment technique that does not release cracked gas to the outside air even if the interior is clogged and a safety device operates. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various types of waste such as garbage, metals and plastics are inevitably generated from places such as homes, offices and factories. This waste is generally treated by landfill or heat incineration. However, the amount of waste has been increasing year by year, and the landfill method has caused a shortage of the landfill site and has become a cause of pollution, so that the waste is gradually heated. I came. In this heat treatment of waste, it is necessary to prevent harmful dioxins from being generated from plastics, but since there are secondary contributions such as recycling of waste and use of generated heat sources, recently, Studies for further upgrading the waste treatment system by heat treatment have been actively conducted.
[0003]
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a safety device of a conventional waste treatment system. A waste treatment system includes a pyrolysis furnace 1, a condenser 2 connected to the pyrolysis furnace 1 via a gas feed pipe 6, and a washer connected to the condenser 2 via a gas feed pipe 7. 3, a backfire preventer 4 connected to the cleaning device 3 via a gas feed pipe 8, and a gas combustion device 5 connected to the backfire preventer 4 via a gas feed pipe 9. Further, the gas supply pipe 6 is provided with a discharge valve 15 as a safety device.
[0004]
In FIG. 8, in the pyrolysis furnace 1, the exhausted material 11 is charged and heated through a charging port not shown. The cracked gas generated by heating the waste 11 is sent to the condenser 2 through the gas feed pipe 6 in the direction of the arrow 23. The condenser 2 is provided with a cooler (not shown), and the component having a high boiling point of the cracked gas is liquefied and becomes the condensate 12 and accumulates at the bottom. The low-boiling component decomposition gas that has not been condensed in the condenser 2 is further sent in the direction of arrow 23 through the gas feed pipe 7 into the water 13 stretched on the scrubber 3. While the cracked gas passes through the water 13 of the scrubber 3, chlorine gas and chloride components in the cracked gas 23 are removed. The cracked gas emitted from the cleaning device 3 is sent to the flashback prevention device 4 through the gas supply pipe 8 in the direction of the arrow 23. The cracked gas passes through the water 14 stretched in the backfire preventer 4 and then is sent to the gas combustion device 5 through the gas feed pipe 9 in the direction of the arrow 23. In the gas combustion device 5, combustible components in the cracked gas are burned and then released into the atmosphere via the exhaust tube 10. The backfire preventer 4 is designed to extinguish the fire with water 14 when the fire in the gas combustion device 5 flows back through the gas feed pipe 9. The release valve 15 detects the internal pressure of the gas supply pipe 6 when a part of the decomposition gas is clogged due to solidification, and releases the decomposition gas to the outside when the internal pressure rises to a predetermined value. This is a safety device for preventing a pressure increase in the waste treatment system.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the safety device of the conventional waste treatment system as described above has a problem that decomposition gas may be released to the outside air when the inside is clogged.
That is, the fact that the cracked gas is released to the outside air is a problem if the cracked gas is harmful even if it is limited to an abnormal case where the pressure of the waste treatment system increases. Even in abnormal cases, it is better to keep the cracked gas in the waste treatment system.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to prevent decomposition gas from being released to the outside air even when the inside of the waste treatment system is clogged.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a pyrolysis furnace for thermally decomposing waste, a condenser for condensing a predetermined component of cracked gas emitted from the pyrolysis furnace, and not condensed by the condenser In a safety device for a waste treatment system which is applied so that the pressure does not increase even if the flow of the cracked gas is clogged in a waste treatment system comprising a gas combustion device for burning the cracked gas, leaving a gas space A sealed container filled with a liquid is provided, and one end of the pressure guiding tube communicates with the liquid in the sealed container and one end of the bypass tube communicates with the gas space in the sealed container; The other end of the bypass pipe may be communicated with the upstream side and the downstream side of the cracked gas flow in the waste treatment system. Therefore, when the cracked gas is flowing normally from the upstream side to the downstream side in the waste treatment system, the upstream gas pressure to which the other end of the pressure guiding tube is attached depends on the length and shape of the waste treatment system. Since the gas pressure on the downstream side to which the other end of the bypass pipe is attached is higher by the determined fluid friction resistance, the liquid level in the pressure guiding pipe is kept lower than the liquid level in the sealed container by the differential pressure. . On the other hand, when clogging occurs between the positions where the other end of the pressure guiding pipe and the other end of the bypass pipe are attached in the waste treatment system, the pressure in the pressure guiding pipe becomes extremely higher than the pressure in the bypass pipe. Therefore, the liquid level in the pressure guiding pipe is greatly lowered, and the decomposition gas upstream from the clogging position of the waste treatment system enters the liquid in the sealed container from the pressure guiding pipe. The cracked gas that has entered the liquid in the sealed container rises in the liquid in the sealed container, exits to the gas space in the sealed container, and is located downstream from the clogging position of the waste treatment system via the bypass pipe. Go to. Therefore, the pressure rise upstream from the clogging position in the waste treatment system is suppressed and safe, and the decomposition gas is not released to the outside air. Furthermore, by adjusting the level of the liquid filled in the sealed container, it is possible to arbitrarily set the pressure at which the cracked gas upstream from the clogging position of the safety device of the waste treatment system starts to enter the sealed container. it can. The valve itself is not clogged like a conventional discharge valve.
[0008]
Further, in this configuration, the other end of the pressure guiding tube may be communicated with the cracked gas outlet side of the pyrolysis furnace, and the other end of the bypass tube may be communicated with the cracked gas inlet side of the condenser. . The cracked gas generated from the pyrolysis furnace contains highly viscous substances such as tar, and the section with the highest concentration of the cracked gas is between the pyrolysis furnace and the condenser. Therefore, there is a high possibility that solids are generated between the pyrolysis furnace and the condenser, and this section is very easily clogged. With this configuration, even if clogging occurs between the pyrolysis furnace and the condenser, the pressure does not increase. Moreover, even if this safety device is operated, the cracked gas always flows downstream through the condenser, so that the cracked gas can be sufficiently condensed by the condenser.
[0009]
In such a configuration, an expansion / contraction part may be formed on the outer wall of the gas space in the sealed container. Thereby, the expansion / contraction part expands and contracts at the outer wall, and the pressure in the sealed container and the downstream side is always the same as the atmospheric pressure.
In such a configuration, the liquid filled in the sealed container may be an alkaline solution. Thereby, even if the safety device operates, the components of chlorine gas and chloride contained in the cracked gas are removed.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a safety device of a waste disposal system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, it is assumed that the waste contains general resin such as plastic. For example, the surface of the empty can contains paint and plastic, the coil of the mold transformer is cast with a thermosetting resin, and the waste plastic contains various plastic wastes. The cracked gas obtained by heating these includes oil and carbide. Since carbides and the like have high viscosity, they become solids when cooled and cause clogging of piping and the like. In order not to generate dioxin in the pyrolysis furnace 1, it is better to make the inside of the pyrolysis furnace 1 low oxygen. Moreover, the gas which does not react easily with other substances in the pyrolysis furnace 1 is better. For that purpose, an inert gas is preferably sprayed on the waste. Alternatively, it is preferable to blow nitrogen gas onto the waste because the cost is low.
[0011]
In this embodiment, the liquid 19 is filled with the gas space 24 left in the sealed container 20. The lower end of the pressure guiding tube 16 is inserted into the liquid 19 from the side surface of the sealed container 20, and the upper end of the pressure guiding tube 16 is attached to the left side of the gas feeding tube 6, that is, the cracked gas outlet side of the pyrolysis furnace 1. Thus, the liquid 19 in the sealed container 20 and the gas supply pipe 6 are communicated with each other. On the other hand, the lower end of the bypass pipe 17 is inserted into the gas space 24, and the upper end of the bypass pipe 17 is attached to the right side of the gas feed pipe 6, that is, the cracked gas inlet side of the condenser 2. The gas space 24 in 20 and the gas supply pipe 6 are communicated with each other. An expansion / contraction part 18 is formed on the outer wall of the gas space 24. The other parts of FIG. 1 are the same as the conventional configuration of FIG. However, the discharge valve 15 in FIG. 8 is omitted.
[0012]
In FIG. 1, when the cracked gas normally flows in the direction of the arrow 23 in the waste treatment system, the gas pressure on the upstream side of the waste treatment system is a fluid frictional resistance determined by the length and shape of the waste treatment system. Therefore, the liquid level in the pressure guiding tube 16 is lowered by the differential pressure H ₀ between the upstream side gas and the downstream side gas from the liquid level in the sealed container 20. Kept. When clogging occurs in the gas feed pipe 6, the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace 1 becomes extremely higher than the pressure in the condenser 2, so that the liquid level in the pressure guiding pipe 16 greatly decreases. When the differential pressure between the liquid level in the pressure guiding tube 16 and the liquid level in the sealed container 20 becomes H, the cracked gas in the pyrolysis furnace 1 is liquid 19 in the sealed container 20 through the pressure guiding pipe 16 as indicated by an arrow 23A. Invades. The cracked gas that has entered the liquid 19 rises in the liquid 19 as indicated by an arrow 23B and flows into the condenser 2 through the bypass pipe 17. Therefore, even if the gas supply pipe 6 is clogged in the middle, it is safe because the pressure rise in the upstream side from the clogging position of the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the gas supply pipe 6 is suppressed. In addition, since the decomposition gas is not released to the outside air, the environment around the waste treatment system is not polluted. Furthermore, the safety of the waste treatment system is enhanced by providing the safety device in the gas supply pipe 6 having the highest decomposition gas concentration and easily clogging in the waste treatment system. In addition, even if this safety device operates, the cracked gas always flows downstream through the condenser 2, so that the cracked gas can be sufficiently condensed by the condenser 2. Since the differential pressure H can be changed by adjusting the level of the liquid 19 filled in the sealed container 20, the cracked gas from the pyrolysis furnace 1 enters the sealed container 20. The starting pressure can be set arbitrarily. The liquid 19 may be water, but may be an alkaline solution. When the liquid 19 is made into an alkaline solution, the sealed container 20 also has a role of cleaning for removing chlorine gas and chloride components in the cracked gas. As a result, when the safety device is operated, the sealed container 20 also desalts the cracked gas in the same manner as the cleaning device 3. Moreover, since the expansion-contraction part 18 expands-contracts in an outer wall, it acts so that the pressure by the side of the airtight container 20 or the bypass pipe 17 may become always the same as atmospheric pressure. As a result, when clogging occurs in the gas supply pipe 6 and the pressure of the gas supply pipe 6 becomes too high, the pressure is absorbed and the waste treatment system communicating with the sealed container 20 and the bypass pipe 17 is pressurized. It can prevent destruction. Further, this safety device has a simple structure and is highly reliable because the valve itself is not clogged like the conventional discharge valve 15 in FIG.
[0013]
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the safety device of the waste disposal system according to another embodiment of the present invention. The lower end of the pressure guiding tube 16 is inserted into the liquid 19 from the upper part of the sealed container 20. The rest of FIG. 2 is the same as the configuration of FIG. Since the level of the liquid level in the pressure guiding tube 16 is determined by the pressure of the cracked gas in the pyrolysis furnace 1, even if the lower end of the pressure guiding tube 16 is inserted into the liquid 19 from the side surface of the sealed container 20, the sealed container 20. 2 is inserted into the liquid 19 from the top, so the operation and effect of the safety device in the configuration of FIG. 2 is the same as that of the waste treatment system of FIG.
[0014]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the safety device of the waste treatment system according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The upper end of the pressure guiding tube 16 is inserted into the pyrolysis furnace 1 so that the liquid 19 in the hermetic container 20 and the pyrolysis furnace 1 communicate with each other. On the other hand, the upper end of the bypass pipe 17 is inserted into the condenser 2, and the gas space 24 in the sealed container 20 and the inside of the condenser 2 are communicated with each other. Thereby, when clogging occurs in the gas supply pipe 6, it is possible to suppress an upstream pressure increase from the clogging position. Even in such a configuration, when clogging occurs in the gas feed pipe 6, the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace 1 becomes extremely higher than the pressure in the condenser 2. Is greatly reduced. Accordingly, the same action as in the case of FIG. 1 is performed, and the pressure rise on the upstream side from the clogging position of the inside of the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the gas feed pipe 6 is suppressed, and it is safe.
[0015]
In FIG. 3, the upper end of the pressure guiding pipe 16 may be attached to the left side of the gas feeding pipe 6, that is, to the cracked gas outlet side of the pyrolysis furnace 1. Alternatively, the upper end of the bypass pipe 17 may be attached to the right side of the gas feed pipe 6, that is, to the cracked gas inlet side of the condenser 2.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the safety device of the waste disposal system according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The upper end of the pressure guiding pipe 16 is attached to the left side of the gas feed pipe 6, that is, the cracking gas outlet side of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and the liquid 19 in the sealed container 20 and the pyrolysis furnace 1 are communicated. On the other hand, the upper end of the bypass pipe 17 is attached to the right side of the gas supply pipe 7, that is, the cracked gas inlet side of the cleaning device 3, and the gas space 24 in the sealed container 20 and the cleaning device 3 are communicated. The rest of FIG. 4 is the same as the configuration of FIG. With this configuration, when clogging occurs from the upstream side of the waste treatment system to the gas supply pipe 7, the liquid level in the pressure guiding pipe 16 is greatly reduced. Accordingly, the operation is the same as in the case of FIG. 1, and the pressure rise on the upstream side from the clogging position of the gas supply pipe 7 is suppressed, which is safe. The clogging operation can be performed over a wider range than in the configuration of FIG.
[0016]
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the safety device of the waste disposal system according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The upper end of the pressure guiding tube 16 is inserted into the pyrolysis furnace 1 so that the liquid 19 in the hermetic container 20 and the pyrolysis furnace 1 communicate with each other. On the other hand, the upper end of the bypass pipe 17 is inserted into the cleaning device 3 so that the gas space 24 in the sealed container 20 and the cleaning device 3 communicate with each other. The rest of FIG. 5 is the same as the configuration of FIG. Even with this configuration, when clogging occurs from the upstream side of the waste treatment system to the gas supply pipe 7, the liquid level in the pressure guiding pipe 16 is greatly reduced. Accordingly, the operation is the same as in the case of FIG. The clogging operation can be performed over a wider range than in the configuration of FIG.
[0017]
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the safety device of the waste treatment system according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The upper end of the pressure guiding pipe 16 is attached to the left side of the gas feed pipe 6, that is, the cracking gas outlet side of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and the liquid 19 in the sealed container 20 and the pyrolysis furnace 1 are communicated. On the other hand, the upper end of the bypass pipe 17 is attached to the right side of the gas feed pipe 8, that is, the cracked gas inlet side of the backfire preventer 4, and communicates the gas space 24 in the sealed container 20 and the backfire preventer 4. I'm allowed. The rest of FIG. 6 is the same as the configuration of FIG. With this configuration, when clogging occurs from the upstream side of the waste treatment system to the gas supply pipe 8, the liquid level in the pressure guiding pipe 16 is greatly reduced. Accordingly, the operation is the same as in the case of FIG. It is possible to operate for clogging over a wider range than in the configuration of FIG.
[0018]
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the safety device of the waste disposal system according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The upper end of the pressure guiding tube 16 is inserted into the pyrolysis furnace 1 so that the liquid 19 in the hermetic container 20 and the pyrolysis furnace 1 communicate with each other. On the other hand, the upper end of the bypass pipe 17 is inserted into the backfire preventer 4 so that the gas space 24 in the sealed container 20 and the backfire preventer 4 communicate with each other. The rest of FIG. 7 is the same as the configuration of FIG. Even with this configuration, when clogging occurs from the upstream side of the waste treatment system to the gas supply pipe 8, the liquid level in the pressure guiding pipe 16 is greatly lowered. Accordingly, the operation is the same as in the case of FIG. It is possible to operate for clogging over a wider range than in the configuration of FIG.
[0019]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the structure of the Example of FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 7, You may make the impulse line 16 communicate with any location of a waste disposal system. Further, the bypass pipe 17 may be in communication with any part of the waste treatment system as long as it is downstream of the connection part of the pressure guiding pipe 16. As a result, when clogging occurs between the connection position of the pressure guiding pipe 16 and the connection position of the bypass pipe 17 in the waste treatment system, an increase in pressure upstream from the clogging position is suppressed and safety is achieved. . In addition, safety devices for the pressure guiding pipe 16, the sealed container 20, and the bypass pipe 17 may be provided at a plurality of locations in the waste treatment system.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention is provided with a sealed container filled with a liquid leaving a gas space, and one end of a pressure guiding tube is communicated with the liquid in the sealed container and one end of a bypass tube is sealed with the sealed By communicating with the gas space in the container, the other ends of the pressure guiding pipe and the bypass pipe are respectively communicated with the upstream side and the downstream side of the flow of cracked gas in the waste treatment system, If clogging occurs between the connection position of the pressure guiding pipe and the connection position of the bypass pipe, the pressure rise upstream from the clogging position is suppressed, and it is safe even if the waste treatment system is clogged. Gas is not released to the outside air. Thereby, the environment around the waste treatment system is not contaminated.
[0021]
In such a configuration, the other end of the pressure guiding tube is communicated with the cracked gas outlet side of the pyrolysis furnace, and the other end of the bypass tube is communicated with the cracked gas inlet side of the condenser. Since the cracked gas always passes through the condenser even if the apparatus is operated, the cracked gas can be sufficiently condensed.
Also, in such a configuration, even if the waste treatment system is clogged by forming an expansion / contraction part on the outer wall of the gas space in the sealed container, the upstream side becomes too high pressure. It can be prevented from being destroyed by the pressure of the waste treatment system communicating with the sealed container or the bypass pipe.
[0022]
Further, in such a configuration, by making the liquid filled in the sealed container an alkaline solution, the sealed container also has the effect of cleaning the decomposition gas.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a safety device of a waste treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a safety device of a waste treatment system according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a safety device of a waste treatment system according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the safety device of a waste treatment system according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a safety device for a waste treatment system according to a further different embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the safety device for the waste treatment system according to a further different embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a safety device for a waste treatment system according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 shows the configuration of a safety device for a conventional waste treatment system. Rear view DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS
1: pyrolysis furnace, 2: condenser, 5: gas combustion device, 11: waste, 16: pressure guiding pipe, 17: bypass pipe, 18: expansion and contraction part, 19: liquid, 20: sealed container, 24: gas space

Claims (4)

Waste comprising a pyrolysis furnace for thermally decomposing waste, a condenser for condensing a predetermined component of the cracked gas from the pyrolysis furnace, and a gas combustion device for burning the cracked gas not condensed by the condenser In a safety device for a waste treatment system applied so that the pressure does not increase even if the cracked gas flow in the treatment system is clogged,
An airtight container filled with liquid leaving a gas space is provided,
Communicating one end of the pressure guiding tube with the liquid in the sealed container and communicating one end of the bypass tube with the gas space in the sealed container;
A safety device for a waste treatment system, wherein the other ends of the pressure guiding pipe and the bypass pipe are respectively communicated with an upstream side and a downstream side of a flow of cracked gas in the waste treatment system. The other end of the pressure guiding tube is communicated with a cracked gas outlet side of the pyrolysis furnace, and the other end of the bypass tube is communicated with a cracked gas inlet side of the condenser. Safety device for waste disposal system. The safety device for a waste treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an expansion / contraction part is formed on an outer wall of the gas space in the sealed container. 4. The safety device for a waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid filled in the sealed container is an alkaline solution.

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