JP4152214B2 - Freshness-keeping packaging bag for fruits and vegetables and package using the same - Google Patents

Freshness-keeping packaging bag for fruits and vegetables and package using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4152214B2
JP4152214B2 JP2003033255A JP2003033255A JP4152214B2 JP 4152214 B2 JP4152214 B2 JP 4152214B2 JP 2003033255 A JP2003033255 A JP 2003033255A JP 2003033255 A JP2003033255 A JP 2003033255A JP 4152214 B2 JP4152214 B2 JP 4152214B2
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vegetables
pore diameter
less
fruits
film
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JP2004242521A (en
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久一 平野
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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  • Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、青果物の鮮度保持包装に関するものである。さらに言えば、MA(Modified Atmosphere)包装と一般に称される鮮度保持包装に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
青果物は収穫された後も呼吸作用を持続する。このため収穫後の貯蔵・流通の間および食するまでにも、青果物自身の呼吸によりエネルギーを消費し鮮度の劣化を引き起こす。青果物を低酸素濃度、高炭酸ガス濃度の雰囲気に置くと、青果物の呼吸が抑制され品質劣化を防止することが可能である。ただ、極端に酸素濃度を下げてしまうと、嫌気呼吸せざるをえない状態になり、この嫌気呼吸によって青果物中の糖分が消化され、アルコールやアルデヒド等の発生のため、袋を開けた時には異臭がするなどの問題が発生することがある。すなわち、青果物の呼吸作用に起因する低酸素状態での嫌気呼吸をさせないような酸素雰囲気を保持しつつ、しかも酸素による酸化に起因する品質の劣化を抑えるような条件を保持することが肝要である。一般に青果物を多孔質フィルム等で包装することでこのような青果物の呼吸抑制による鮮度保持効果を得る包装をMA包装という。近年、このMA包装された青果物が量販店の店頭でも多数見られるようになってきた。
【0003】
この技術に関しては、青果物ごとで大きく異なる呼吸量、最適な包装内の酸素濃度に対し、いかに包装に使用するフィルムの透過量を適切に設定するかが、最も大きな技術のキーポイントとなる。
例えば、特許第3230853号「青果物鮮度保持包装用フィルム」にあるように平均孔径を100〜300μmにするということが行われている。
この場合、微細孔の大きさを100μm以上にすると孔1個あたりの透過量が大きくなりすぎ、孔数のコントロールを精度良く行う必要がある。フィルムに穿孔加工を行った後製袋をする場合に、一定間隔で孔が存在するとすると、袋サイズ、シール幅によって孔数のバラツキが大きくなる。
100μm以下の微細孔であれば多少の孔数のバラツキは保存性の低下を招かないが孔径が大きくなればなるほどその影響は大きくなる。それを避けるためにはシール位置などの影響を受けないところにしか穿孔を行えないという問題が生じる。ある部分に孔が集中してしまうと、包装内に部分的に酸素濃度が非常に高い部分ができ保存性が損なわれる。
また、包装する青果物に応じて透過量を最適にするという微調整ができないという問題もある。さらに、孔径を大きくすることでフィルム強度の低下を引き起こしたり、包装時や輸送時などで青果物のとがった部分に引っかかって裂けるという問題が発生する。これは、包装時の作業性の低下やハンドリング性の低下など使い勝手の悪さを引き起こし重大な問題となる。
【0004】
そのため、特許第2136517号「植物資材の包装方法」に見られるような孔径100μm以下の微細孔をフィルムに穿孔することが行われている。このような微細孔を多数設ける方法に関しては、精度良く透過量の制御が可能であるため呼吸量の小さな青果物を包装する際にはたいへん有効な方法であるが、呼吸量の大きな青果物を包装する場合にはきわめて多数の微細孔を設けなければならず、生産性が悪いという問題があった。また、微細孔を狭い間隔で多数穿孔するとミシン目のように裂けてしまうという問題も発生する。また、100μm以下の微細孔だけでは、包装後青果物から蒸散する水分により包装内に次第に結露を生じ透過量が極端に下がってしまうという問題が起こる可能性がある。
一方で、青果物やその青果物の流通条件等によっては、包装直後に比べて一定期間ののち、青果物の呼吸量が著しく低下するものもある。これらの青果物に適した鮮度保持を有する包装袋は存在しなかった
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特許第2136517号
【特許文献2】
特許第3230853号
【特許文献3】
特許第3024326号
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は従来なかった、生産性が良くしかも精度良く透過量を制御することによりすぐれた鮮度保持効果を有しかつ十分な強度、使い勝手の良い青果物鮮度保持包装袋を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は
(1)単層もしくは多層の高分子フィルムよりなる包装袋において、孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔と孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔がそれぞれ少なくとも1個以上存在し、かつ全体の孔数に対する20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔の割合が5%以上である青果物鮮度保持包装袋である。
【0008】
更に好ましい形態としては、
(2)孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔の平均孔径が、平均孔径/フィルム厚みの比が3以下の関係を満たし、
(3)すべての微細孔の平均孔径が、平均孔径/フィルム厚みの比が3以下の関係を満たし、
(4)孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔の総開孔面積が、包装する青果物100g当たり、1.0×10-8〜1.0mm2であり、
(5)総開孔面積が、包装する青果物100g当たり、1.0×10-8〜1.0mm2であり、
(6)孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔と孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔とが異なる方法で設けられており、
(7)高分子フィルムがポリプロピレン又はポリエチレンの単層のフィルム、もしくはポリプロピレン及びポリエチレンのいずれかを含む層を少なくとも1層有する多層のフィルムであり、
(8)孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔のうち、孔径/フィルム厚みの比が2.7以下を満たす微細孔が存在する青果物鮮度保持包装袋である。
また、上記に記載の青果物鮮度保持包装袋を用いて青果物を包装した包装体である。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いる高分子フィルムとしては、青果物の包装に用いることができるものであればどのようなものであっても差し支えはないが、一般には無延伸ポリプロピレン、延伸ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリ塩化ビニールポリスチレン等が用いられる。これ等以外のポリアミド、ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート等のフィルム、さらにはポリプロピレン/ポリエチレンやナイロン/ポリエチレン、ナイロン/ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル/ポリエチレン、ポリスチレン/エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、ナイロン/エチレンアクリル共重合体などの多層フィルムであっても良く、さらには、これらのフィルム表面にシーラント層を設けたものでも、防曇処理したフィルムであっても何等差し支えはない。これらは共重合体やブレンド物などを用いてもかまわない。
【0010】
これらのフィルムの厚さは通常15〜70μmのものが用いられる。さらに、これらのフィルムは透明であっても、不透明であっても良く、また印刷を付したものであっても何等差し支えはない。
ただ、消費者は中身を確認して青果物を購入することが多いので、透明であり、防曇性を有するほうがより望ましい。価格等も加味すれば防曇性を有する延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム、ポリエチレンフィルムなどは本発明に適した素材である。
【0011】
本発明では、これらの素材にそれぞれの青果物の鮮度保持に適した微細孔を付与する。その際、2種類の孔径の微細孔を穿孔する事で常に内容物に対し適切な透過量を有するため良好な鮮度保持効果を有し、しかも生産性、強度にすぐれた鮮度保持包装袋を供給することが可能となった。本発明の鮮度保持包装袋では、2種類の孔のうちより微細な孔が結露により一部塞がれるので、透過量は低下する。低下する割合は2種類の孔の比率によりコントロールし青果物の低下した呼吸量にふさわしい透過量に調整できる。
【0012】
本発明者は、鋭意検討を行った結果、孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔と孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔を穿孔することで内容物の鮮度保持効果を常に良い状態に保つことが可能となることを見出した。さらに、このような2種類の微細孔を穿孔することで、しかも精度良く透過量を制御することができるようになった。孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔で透過量を設定の透過量に近づけ、孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔で透過量の微調整を行なう。
【0013】
穿孔方法は加熱針、レーザー、放電など特に問われない。2種類の孔をもうける方法が同一の方法であっても異なる方法であってもかまわないが、孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔と孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔とが異なる方法で設けられている方が、穿孔加工時の生産性などの観点からはより好ましい。
透過量の微調整のためには孔径は20μm以上100μm未満であることが好ましいが、20μm未満であれば1孔あたりの透過量が小さすぎるため、孔数を多く取らざるを得ず、強度低下やコストアップの原因となるためであり、100μm以上となると微細な孔が結露により一部塞がれるという透過量の変化の効果が少なくなり透過量の微調整が難しくなる可能性がある。
100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔に関しては、700μmを越えると1孔あたりの透過量が大きすぎるため設定が難しくなり、包装袋内で局所的に酸素濃度が高くなり保存性が低下するといった問題や、青果物の突起などに引っかかり裂けるといった問題が起こりやすく、好ましくは100〜300μmである。
【0014】
本発明において全体の孔数に対する20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔の割合が5%以上あることが必要である。5%未満であれば透過量の調整が精度良く行えない。好ましくは20%以上であり、より好ましくは50%以上である方が透過量の調整の精度はより良好となる。
【0015】
ここで、包装内外のガスの移動は拡散によって行われるため、透過量は孔径だけではなくフィルム厚みにも影響を受ける。孔径20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔は、平均孔径/フィルム厚みの比が3以下の関係を満たすことが望ましい。透過量の微調整にこの程度の大きさの微細孔の方がより適している。
さらに、この微細孔のうち孔径/フィルム厚みの比が2.7以下である微細孔を適切な数存在させることで、内容物の水分蒸散による結露で包装後一定期間経過後透過量が減少するという効果が顕著に現れる。うち孔径/フィルム厚みの比が2.7以下である微細孔を満たす微細孔は孔径100μmの微細孔の内30%以上であることが好ましい。内容物に応じてこのような設計が可能となる。
【0016】
また、フィルムが薄くなれば穿孔加工により、より顕著にフィルム強度が低下する可能性があり、その点の配慮も行わなければならない。そのためすべての微細孔の平均孔径が、平均孔径/フィルム厚みが3以下であるという関係を満たすことが望ましい。これより大きくすると強度が低下し実用性がなくなる可能性がある。
例えば、なすのへたのように突起部分を有する青果物を入れる包装袋を設計する場合には、へたが当たる部分に孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔をもうけないようにすることも可能である。
【0017】
総開孔面積は青果物ごとで異なるが、中に入れる青果物100g当たり、1.0×10-8〜1.0mm2になるようにするのが好ましく、より好ましくは、1.0×10-8〜0.4mm2である。この範囲内にある方が鮮度保持効果はより顕著となる可能性がある。
また、孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔の総開孔面積も、青果物ごとで異なるが、中に入れる青果物100g当たり、1.0×10-8〜1.0mm2になるようにするのが好ましく、より好ましくは、1.0×10-8〜0.4mm2である。この範囲内にある方が鮮度保持効果はより顕著となる可能性がある。
【0018】
孔の面積がこれらの範囲より低い場合には、包装後の呼吸作用により、流通過程中で無酸素状態となり嫌気呼吸を始めてしまい、異臭を発生する可能性がある。また、孔の面積がこれらの範囲より高い場合には、青果物の呼吸作用が活発化し、糖分が消耗してしまい、MA包装による保存効果が発揮できない可能性がある。
【0019】
包装袋の中に入れる青果物は特に限定されないが、例えば、ホウレンソウ、コマツナ、オオバ、シソ、ネギ、ワケギ、アサツキ、ニラ、エシャロット、ナバナ、ミズナ、ミブナ、アシタバ、パセリ、クレソン、ウォータークレス、レモンバーム、バジル、ローズマリー、レモングラス、タイム、セージ、ミント、各種ハーブ類、キャベツ、紫キャベツ、白菜、レタス、サニーレタス、ミツバ、野沢菜、シュンギク、ケール、セリ、セロリ、サラダナ、ブロッコリー、カリフラワー、アスパラガス、ミョウガ、ナス、トマト、ピーマン、シシトウ、カボチャ、パプリカ、トウモロコシ、ズッキーニ、ニガウリ、オクラ、エダマメ、サヤエンドウ、サヤインゲン、グリーンピース、ソラマメ、サンショウ、タケノコ、ゼンマイ、タデ、フキ、ツクシ、ワラビ、ゼンマイなどで本発明の包装方法による効果が認められる。また、モヤシ、豆苗、ブロッコリースプラウト、カイワレダイコン、アルファルファなどの芽物野菜やシイタケ、マイタケ、エノキタケ、マツタケ、ヤマブシタケ、シメジ、マッシュルーム、ナメコなどの菌茸類、大根、ニンジン、かぶら、ジャガイモ、サツマイモ、サトイモ、ヤマイモ、タマネギ、ワサビ、ゴボウ、レンコン、ラッキョウ、ニンニク、ショウガなどの根菜類、ウメ、リンゴ、スダチ、ユズ、ミカン、デコポン、グレープフルーツ、ポンカン、タンカン、各種柑橘類、モモ、カキ、イチゴ、ナシ、バナナ、パパイア、メロン、ウリ、サクランボ、ビワ、イチジク、マンゴー、アボカド、キウイ、ドリアン、グアバ、パイナップル、クランベリー、ブルーベリーなどの果実類でも効果が認められる。これらは、ホール野菜のみならずカット野菜、カット果実の状態でも効果が認められる。
包装前に洗浄、トリミング、殺菌、予冷などの前処理を行ってもかまわないし、ミックスして包装したものでもかまわない。本発明に関しては、キク、カーネーション、ラベンダー、バラ、カスミソウ、ジャスミンなどの花卉類、および前記の青果物や花卉の苗の保管、流通にも有功である。
【0020】
本発明の青果物用鮮度保持包装袋を用いて青果物を包装した包装体は、例えば、用いる青果物に適した微細孔などを有する本発明の鮮度保持包装袋に青果物を入れ、包装袋の口をヒートシールして包装体とするなどの公知の方法により包装体とすることができる。
【0021】
【実施例】
《実施例1》 厚み20μmの防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)を200mm×350mmの袋状に加工した。このフィルムにはあらかじめ1袋あたり、レーザーによる平均孔径52μmの微細孔が35個、熱針加工により孔径180μmの微細孔が2個穿孔してある。ほうれんそう200gを入れヒートシールによって密封し、12℃で10日保存したが良好な状態が保たれた。なお、評価した試料数はn=20で行ない、以下の実施例、比較例も同数の試料数で評価を行なった。
《実施例2》 厚み20μmの防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)を200mm×350mmの袋状に加工した。このフィルムにはあらかじめ1袋あたり、レーザーによる平均孔径50μmの微細孔が35個、熱針加工により孔径120μmの微細孔が5個穿孔してある。ほうれんそう200gを入れヒートシールによって密封し、12℃で10日保存したが良好な状態が保たれた。
《実施例3》 厚み20μmの防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)を200mm×350mmの袋状に加工した。このフィルムにはあらかじめ1袋あたり、レーザーによる平均孔径57μmの微細孔が35個、熱針加工により孔径500μmの微細孔が1個穿孔してある。ほうれんそう200gを入れヒートシールによって密封し、12℃で10日保存したが良好な状態が保たれた。
《実施例4》 厚み20μm、430mm幅の防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)の中央付近に穿孔加工を行った。穿孔はレーザーによる平均孔径58μmの10mm間隔で穿孔し、熱針加工により孔径300μmの微細孔を150mm間隔で穿孔してある。このフィルムをピロー包装機にかけて、ほうれんそう200g入りの包装体を20袋作製した。この際、袋のピッチは370mm、シール幅は10mmとした。この場合、各包装の孔数を確認すると平均孔径58μmの孔は34〜36個、300μmの孔は2個であった。いずれの包装も、12℃で10日保存したが中のほうれんそうはすべて良好な状態が保たれた。
《実施例5》 厚み20μm、430mm幅の防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)の中央付近に穿孔加工を行った。穿孔はレーザーによる平均孔径57μmの10mm間隔で穿孔した。このフィルムをピロー包装機にかけて、ほうれんそう200g入りの包装体を20袋作製した。この際、袋のピッチは370mm、シール幅は10mmとした。また、このピロー包装機にはフィルム巻きだし直後に熱針加工により孔径500μmの微細孔を穿孔できる機構をもうけておあり、各包装ごとに500μmの微細孔を1個設けた。150mm間隔で穿孔してある。この場合、各包装の孔数を確認すると平均孔径57μmの孔は34〜36個であった。いずれの包装も、12℃で10日保存したが中のほうれんそうはすべて良好な状態が保たれた。
《実施例6》 厚み20μmの防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)を160mm×210mmの袋状に加工した。このフィルムにはあらかじめ1袋あたり、レーザーによる平均孔径56μmの微細孔が51個、熱針加工により孔径400μmの微細孔が1個穿孔してある。えだまめ200gを入れヒートシールによって密封し、15℃で7日保存したが良好な状態が保たれた。
《実施例7》 厚み40μmのポリエチレン(LLDPE)フィルム(東セロ(株)製トーセロT.U.X. TC#40)を200mm×320mmの袋状に加工した。このフィルムにはあらかじめ1袋あたり、レーザーによる平均孔径98μmの微細孔が40個、熱針加工により孔径300μmの微細孔が25個穿孔してある。アオウメ1Kgを入れヒートシールによって密封し、15℃で5日保存したが良好な状態が保たれた。
【0022】
《比較例1》 厚み20μmの防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)を200mm×350mmの袋状に加工した。このフィルムには穿孔は行わなかった。ほうれんそう200gを入れヒートシールによって密封し、12℃で保存したが2日目から腐敗と異臭が観察され保存状態は極めて悪かった。
《比較例2》 厚み20μmの防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)を200mm×350mmの袋状に加工した。このフィルムにはあらかじめ1袋あたり、レーザーによる平均孔径50μmの微細孔が64個、穿孔してある。ほうれんそう200gを入れヒートシールによって密封し、12℃で保存し、8日間良好な状態が保たれた。このフィルムの穿孔加工時は実施例1〜3に比べて30〜40%程度生産性が低下した。
《比較例3》 厚み20μmの防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)を200mm×350mmの袋状に加工した。このフィルムにはあらかじめ1袋あたり、熱針による平均孔径750μmの微細孔が5個、穿孔してある。ほうれんそう200gを入れヒートシールによって密封し、12℃で保存したが、5日後から葉が黄化してきた。
《比較例4》 厚み20μm、430mm幅の防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)の中央付近に穿孔加工を行った。穿孔は熱針加工により孔径300μmの微細孔を50mm間隔で穿孔してある。このフィルムをピロー包装機にかけて、ほうれんそう200g入りの包装体を20袋作製した。この際、袋のピッチは370mm、シール幅は10mmとした。この場合、各包装の孔数は6〜8個であった。20袋中18袋は、12℃で10日保存したがすべて良好な状態が保たれたが、2袋は4日程度で異臭が発生した。この包装は孔数が6個のものであった。
《比較例5》 厚み20μmの防曇OPPフィルム(東洋紡績製パイレンフィルムOT 防曇タイプF&G P−5567)を160mm×210mmの袋状に加工した。このフィルムにはあらかじめ1袋あたり、熱針加工により孔径400μmの微細孔が2個穿孔してある。えだまめ200gを入れヒートシールによって密封し、15℃で保存したが3日目で異臭が発生した。
《比較例6》 厚み40μmのポリエチレン(LLDPE)フィルム(東セロ(株)製トーセロT.U.X. TC#40)を200mm×320mmの袋状に加工した。このフィルムにはあらかじめ1袋あたり、レーザーによる平均孔径98μmの微細孔を270個、穿孔してある。アオウメ1Kgを入れヒートシールによって密封し、15℃で5日保存したが良好な状態が保たれた。しかし、袋強度が著しく低下し、取り扱い中に袋が破損した。
【0023】
実施例及び比較例の条件を表1に、実施例及び比較例の評価結果を表2に示す。
【0024】
【表1】

Figure 0004152214
【0025】
【表2】
Figure 0004152214
【0026】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、従来なかった、生産性が良くしかも精度良く透過量を制御することによりすぐれた鮮度保持効果を有しかつ十分な強度、使い勝手のよい青果物鮮度保持包装袋及び包装体を提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a freshness preservation package for fruits and vegetables. More specifically, the present invention relates to a freshness-keeping packaging generally called MA (Modified Atmosphere) packaging.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Fruits and vegetables continue to work after being harvested. For this reason, energy is consumed by the respiration of the fruits and vegetables during storage and distribution after harvesting and before eating, causing deterioration of freshness. When the fruits and vegetables are placed in an atmosphere having a low oxygen concentration and a high carbon dioxide gas concentration, the respiration of the fruits and vegetables is suppressed and quality deterioration can be prevented. However, if the oxygen concentration is lowered extremely, it will be forced to anaerobic breathing, and this anaerobic breathing will digest the sugar in the fruits and vegetables, resulting in the generation of alcohol, aldehydes, etc. Problems may occur. In other words, it is important to maintain an oxygen atmosphere that does not allow anaerobic breathing in a low oxygen state due to the breathing action of fruits and vegetables, and to maintain conditions that suppress quality deterioration due to oxidation by oxygen. . In general, packaging in which fruits and vegetables are packaged with a porous film or the like to obtain a freshness-keeping effect by suppressing the respiration of the fruits and vegetables is referred to as MA packaging. In recent years, a large number of MA-wrapped fruits and vegetables have come to be seen at mass retailers.
[0003]
With regard to this technology, the most important key point of the technology is how to appropriately set the permeation amount of the film used for the packaging with respect to the respiration rate and the optimal oxygen concentration in the packaging, which vary greatly depending on the fruits and vegetables.
For example, as described in Japanese Patent No. 3230853 “Films for maintaining freshness of fruits and vegetables”, the average pore diameter is adjusted to 100 to 300 μm.
In this case, if the size of the micropores is set to 100 μm or more, the permeation amount per hole becomes too large, and it is necessary to accurately control the number of holes. When making a bag after perforating the film, if holes exist at regular intervals, the number of holes varies depending on the bag size and seal width.
In the case of micropores of 100 μm or less, a slight variation in the number of pores does not lead to a decrease in storage stability, but the effect increases as the pore diameter increases. In order to avoid this, there arises a problem that drilling can be performed only in a place not affected by the seal position or the like. If the holes are concentrated in a certain part, a part having a very high oxygen concentration is formed in the package, and the storage stability is impaired.
There is also a problem that fine adjustment of optimizing the permeation amount according to the fruits and vegetables to be packaged is not possible. Further, there is a problem that the film diameter is lowered by enlarging the hole diameter, or that it is caught by a sharp portion of fruits and vegetables during packaging or transportation. This is a serious problem because it causes poor usability such as poor workability during packaging and poor handling.
[0004]
For this reason, fine holes having a pore diameter of 100 μm or less as found in Japanese Patent No. 2136517 “Method for packaging plant materials” have been made. With regard to the method of providing a large number of such micropores, the permeation amount can be controlled with high accuracy, so it is a very effective method for packaging fruits and vegetables with a small respiration rate. In some cases, a very large number of micropores must be provided, resulting in poor productivity. In addition, if a large number of fine holes are drilled at a narrow interval, there is a problem of tearing like perforations. Further, if only the micropores of 100 μm or less are used, there is a possibility that the moisture gradually evaporates from the fruits and vegetables after packaging, resulting in a problem that condensation gradually occurs in the packaging and the permeation amount extremely decreases.
On the other hand, depending on the fruits and vegetables and the distribution conditions of the fruits and vegetables, the respiration rate of the fruits and vegetables may be significantly reduced after a certain period of time compared to immediately after packaging. There was no packaging bag with freshness preservation suitable for these fruits and vegetables.
[Patent Document 1]
Patent No. 2136517 [Patent Document 2]
Patent No. 3230853 [Patent Document 3]
Patent No. 3024326 [0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a fruit and vegetables freshness-keeping packaging bag that has an excellent freshness-keeping effect by controlling the amount of permeation with high productivity and accuracy, and has sufficient strength and ease of use.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is (1) in a packaging bag made of a single layer or multilayer polymer film, wherein there are at least one fine hole having a pore diameter of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm and at least one fine hole having a pore diameter of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less, and the whole The fruit and vegetable freshness-maintaining packaging bag in which the proportion of fine pores of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm to the number of pores is 5% or more.
[0008]
As a more preferable form,
(2) The average pore diameter of fine pores having a pore diameter of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm satisfies the relationship that the ratio of average pore diameter / film thickness is 3 or less,
(3) The average pore diameter of all the micropores satisfies the relationship where the ratio of average pore diameter / film thickness is 3 or less,
(4) The total opening area of micropores having a pore diameter of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less is 1.0 × 10 −8 to 1.0 mm 2 per 100 g of fruits and vegetables to be packaged.
(5) The total opening area is 1.0 × 10 −8 to 1.0 mm 2 per 100 g of fruits and vegetables to be packaged,
(6) The micropores having a pore diameter of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm and the micropores having a pore diameter of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less are provided by different methods,
(7) The polymer film is a single layer film of polypropylene or polyethylene, or a multilayer film having at least one layer containing any of polypropylene and polyethylene,
(8) A fruit and vegetables freshness-keeping packaging bag in which fine holes satisfying a hole diameter / film thickness ratio of 2.7 or less among fine holes having a hole diameter of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm are present.
Moreover, it is the package which packaged vegetables and fruits using the fruit and vegetables freshness preservation packaging bag as described above.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The polymer film used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for packaging fruits and vegetables, but is generally unstretched polypropylene, stretched polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride polystyrene. Etc. are used. Other films such as polyamide, polyester, polycarbonate, etc., and multilayers such as polypropylene / polyethylene, nylon / polyethylene, nylon / polypropylene, polyester / polyethylene, polystyrene / ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, nylon / ethylene acrylic copolymer, etc. Films may be used, and furthermore, there is no problem even if these films are provided with a sealant layer on the film surface or are antifogged. These may be copolymers or blends.
[0010]
The thickness of these films is usually 15 to 70 μm. Furthermore, these films may be transparent or opaque, and may be printed or printed.
However, since consumers often check the contents and purchase fruits and vegetables, it is more desirable to be transparent and have anti-fogging properties. Taking into account the price and the like, stretched polypropylene film, polyethylene film and the like having anti-fogging properties are suitable materials for the present invention.
[0011]
In the present invention, these materials are provided with fine pores suitable for maintaining the freshness of each fruit and vegetable. At that time, by supplying fine holes with two types of hole diameters, we always have an appropriate amount of permeation to the contents, so we have a good freshness-keeping effect, and we also supply a freshness-keeping packaging bag with excellent productivity and strength. It became possible to do. In the freshness-keeping packaging bag of the present invention, the finer one of the two types of holes is partially blocked by condensation, so that the amount of permeation decreases. The rate of decrease can be controlled by the ratio of the two types of pores, and can be adjusted to the permeation amount suitable for the reduced respiration rate of fruits and vegetables.
[0012]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventor can keep the freshness maintaining effect of the contents always in a good state by drilling micropores having a pore diameter of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm and micropores having a pore diameter of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less. I found it possible. Furthermore, the permeation amount can be controlled with high accuracy by drilling these two types of fine holes. The permeation amount is close to the set permeation amount with micropores having a pore diameter of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less, and the permeation amount is finely adjusted with micropores having a pore diameter of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm.
[0013]
The drilling method is not particularly limited, such as a heating needle, laser, or discharge. The method of creating two types of holes may be the same method or different methods. However, the micropores having a hole diameter of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm and the micropores having a hole diameter of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less are provided by different methods. Is more preferable from the viewpoint of productivity at the time of drilling.
For fine adjustment of the amount of permeation, the pore diameter is preferably 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm. However, if it is less than 20 μm, the permeation amount per hole is too small, so the number of holes must be increased, and the strength is reduced. If the thickness is 100 μm or more, there is a possibility that the effect of changing the amount of transmission that fine holes are partially blocked by condensation is reduced, and fine adjustment of the amount of transmission may be difficult.
For fine pores of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less, if it exceeds 700 μm, the permeation amount per hole is too large to set, and the oxygen concentration locally increases in the packaging bag, resulting in a decrease in storage stability, Problems such as catching and tearing on the protrusions of fruits and vegetables are likely to occur, and the thickness is preferably 100 to 300 μm.
[0014]
In the present invention, it is necessary that the ratio of fine pores of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm to the total number of pores is 5% or more. If it is less than 5%, the transmission amount cannot be adjusted with high accuracy. The accuracy is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 50% or more, and the accuracy of adjustment of the transmission amount becomes better.
[0015]
Here, since the movement of the gas inside and outside the package is performed by diffusion, the permeation amount is affected not only by the hole diameter but also by the film thickness. It is desirable that the fine pores having a pore diameter of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm satisfy the relationship that the ratio of average pore diameter / film thickness is 3 or less. Such fine holes are more suitable for fine adjustment of the amount of transmission.
Furthermore, the presence of an appropriate number of micropores having a pore diameter / film thickness ratio of 2.7 or less among these micropores reduces permeation after a certain period of time after packaging due to condensation due to moisture evaporation of the contents. The effect that appears. Of these, it is preferable that 30% or more of the micropores having a pore diameter of 100 μm satisfy the micropores having a pore diameter / film thickness ratio of 2.7 or less. Such a design is possible depending on the contents.
[0016]
In addition, if the film is thinned, the film strength may be significantly decreased by perforation, and consideration must be given to this point. Therefore, it is desirable that the average pore diameter of all the micropores satisfies the relationship that the average pore diameter / film thickness is 3 or less. If it is larger than this, the strength may be reduced and the practicality may be lost.
For example, when designing a packaging bag for storing fruits and vegetables having protruding portions such as eggplant navels, it is possible to prevent a hole having a hole diameter of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less from being formed in the portion hit by the spatula. is there.
[0017]
The total opening area is different in each fruit or vegetable, per fruit or vegetable 100g put in, is preferably set to be in the 1.0 × 10 -8 ~1.0mm 2, more preferably, 1.0 × 10 -8 ~ 0.4 mm 2 . There is a possibility that the freshness maintaining effect is more remarkable when the ratio is within this range.
In addition, the total opening area of the micropores having a pore diameter of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less is different depending on the fruits and vegetables, but it is 1.0 × 10 −8 to 1.0 mm 2 per 100 g of fruits and vegetables to be put therein. Preferably, it is 1.0 × 10 −8 to 0.4 mm 2 . There is a possibility that the freshness maintaining effect is more remarkable when the ratio is within this range.
[0018]
If the area of the pores is lower than these ranges, there is a possibility that anaerobic breathing may occur due to anaerobic breathing due to anaerobic conditions during the circulation process due to the respiratory action after packaging. Moreover, when the area of a hole is higher than these ranges, the respiration effect | action of fruit and vegetables will activate, sugar content will be consumed, and the preservation | save effect by MA packaging may not be exhibited.
[0019]
The fruits and vegetables to be placed in the packaging bag are not particularly limited, but for example, spinach, komatsuna, barnacle, perilla, leek, springwood, chives, leek, shallot, nabana, mizuna, mibuna, ashitaba, parsley, watercress, watercress, lemon balm, Basil, rosemary, lemongrass, thyme, sage, mint, various herbs, cabbage, purple cabbage, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, sunny lettuce, honey bee, Nozawana, sengoku, kale, celery, celery, salad, broccoli, cauliflower, asparagus Gas, myoga, eggplant, tomato, pepper, pepper, pumpkin, paprika, corn, zucchini, bitter gourd, okra, shrimp, green peas, green beans, green peas, broad bean, salamander, bamboo shoots, springfish, tade, bream, tsuku , Bracken, effect is observed by the packaging method of the present invention in such as the mainspring. Also, sprout vegetables such as sprout, bean seedlings, broccoli sprout, silkworm radish, alfalfa and fungi such as shiitake, maitake, enokitake, matsutake, yamabushitake, shimeji, mushroom, sea cucumber, radish, carrot, turnip, potato, sweet potato, Roots such as taro, yam, onion, horseradish, burdock, lotus root, raccoon, garlic, ginger, ume, apple, sudachi, yuzu, mandarin, dekopon, grapefruit, ponkan, tankan, various citrus fruits, peach, oyster, strawberry, pear Also effective in fruits such as banana, papaya, melon, cucumber, cherry, loquat, fig, mango, avocado, kiwi, durian, guava, pineapple, cranberry and blueberry. These are effective not only in whole vegetables but also in cut vegetables and cut fruits.
Prior to packaging, pretreatment such as washing, trimming, sterilization, and precooling may be performed, or mixed and packaged. In connection with the present invention, the present invention is also effective for storage and distribution of flowering plants such as chrysanthemum, carnation, lavender, rose, gypsophila, jasmine, and the above-mentioned fruit and vegetable seedlings.
[0020]
The packaging body in which the fruits and vegetables are packaged using the freshness-keeping packaging bag for fruits and vegetables of the present invention, for example, put the fruits and vegetables in the freshness-keeping packaging bag of the present invention having fine holes suitable for the fruits and vegetables to be used, and heat the mouth of the packaging bag. The package can be formed by a known method such as sealing to form a package.
[0021]
【Example】
Example 1 An anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm (pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was processed into a bag shape of 200 mm × 350 mm. This film is pre-pierced with 35 fine holes with an average pore diameter of 52 μm by laser and two fine holes with a diameter of 180 μm by hot needle processing per bag. 200 g of spinach was added, sealed by heat sealing, and stored at 12 ° C. for 10 days, but a good state was maintained. The number of samples evaluated was n = 20, and the following examples and comparative examples were also evaluated with the same number of samples.
Example 2 An anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm (pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was processed into a bag shape of 200 mm × 350 mm. This film is pre-pierced with 35 fine holes with an average pore diameter of 50 μm by laser and 5 fine holes with a diameter of 120 μm by hot needle processing per bag. 200 g of spinach was added, sealed by heat sealing, and stored at 12 ° C. for 10 days, but a good state was maintained.
Example 3 An anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm (Toyobo's pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567) was processed into a bag shape of 200 mm × 350 mm. This film is pre-pierced with 35 fine holes with an average pore diameter of 57 μm by laser and one fine hole with a hole diameter of 500 μm by hot needle processing per bag. 200 g of spinach was added, sealed by heat sealing, and stored at 12 ° C. for 10 days, but a good state was maintained.
Example 4 A perforation process was performed in the vicinity of the center of an anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm and a width of 430 mm (pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.). Drilling is performed at intervals of 10 mm with an average hole diameter of 58 μm by laser, and fine holes with a hole diameter of 300 μm are drilled at intervals of 150 mm by hot needle processing. This film was put on a pillow wrapping machine to prepare 20 bags containing 200 g of spinach. At this time, the bag pitch was 370 mm, and the seal width was 10 mm. In this case, when the number of holes in each package was confirmed, the number of holes having an average hole diameter of 58 μm was 34 to 36 and the number of 300 μm holes was two. All the packages were stored at 12 ° C. for 10 days, but all the spinach inside were kept in good condition.
Example 5 A perforation process was performed in the vicinity of the center of an anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm and a width of 430 mm (pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.). The holes were drilled at 10 mm intervals with an average hole diameter of 57 μm by laser. This film was put on a pillow wrapping machine to prepare 20 bags containing 200 g of spinach. At this time, the bag pitch was 370 mm, and the seal width was 10 mm. In addition, this pillow packaging machine has a mechanism capable of drilling minute holes with a hole diameter of 500 μm by hot needle processing immediately after unwinding the film, and one minute hole of 500 μm is provided for each package. Perforated at intervals of 150 mm. In this case, when the number of holes in each package was confirmed, the number of holes having an average hole diameter of 57 μm was 34 to 36. All the packages were stored at 12 ° C. for 10 days, but all the spinach inside were kept in good condition.
Example 6 An anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm (pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567 manufactured by Toyobo) was processed into a 160 mm × 210 mm bag shape. In this film, 51 fine holes with an average pore diameter of 56 μm by a laser and one fine hole with a pore diameter of 400 μm are punched by a hot needle per bag. 200 g of edamame was added, sealed by heat sealing, and stored at 15 ° C. for 7 days, but a good state was maintained.
Example 7 A 40 μm thick polyethylene (LLDPE) film (Tosero TUX TC # 40 manufactured by Tosero Co., Ltd.) was processed into a bag shape of 200 mm × 320 mm. In this film, 40 fine holes with an average pore diameter of 98 μm by a laser and 25 fine holes with a diameter of 300 μm are punched by hot needle processing per bag. Although 1 kg of Aume was added and sealed with heat sealing, it was stored at 15 ° C. for 5 days, but a good state was maintained.
[0022]
Comparative Example 1 An anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm (pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was processed into a bag shape of 200 mm × 350 mm. This film was not perforated. 200 g of spinach was added and sealed by heat sealing and stored at 12 ° C., but rot and off-flavor were observed from the second day, and the storage state was extremely bad.
Comparative Example 2 An anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm (pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was processed into a bag shape of 200 mm × 350 mm. In this film, 64 fine holes with an average pore diameter of 50 μm are perforated per bag. 200 g of spinach was added, sealed by heat sealing, stored at 12 ° C., and kept in good condition for 8 days. When this film was perforated, productivity was reduced by about 30 to 40% compared to Examples 1 to 3.
Comparative Example 3 An anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm (pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was processed into a bag shape of 200 mm × 350 mm. In this film, five fine holes with an average hole diameter of 750 μm are punched per bag in advance. 200 g of spinach was added, sealed by heat sealing, and stored at 12 ° C., but the leaves began to yellow after 5 days.
Comparative Example 4 A perforation process was performed in the vicinity of the center of an anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm and a width of 430 mm (pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.). The fine holes with a diameter of 300 μm are formed at intervals of 50 mm by hot needle processing. This film was put on a pillow wrapping machine to prepare 20 bags containing 200 g of spinach. At this time, the bag pitch was 370 mm, and the seal width was 10 mm. In this case, the number of holes in each package was 6-8. Although 18 of 20 bags were stored at 12 ° C. for 10 days, all were in good condition, but 2 bags had a bad odor in about 4 days. This package had 6 holes.
Comparative Example 5 An anti-fogging OPP film having a thickness of 20 μm (pyrene film OT anti-fogging type F & G P-5567 manufactured by Toyobo) was processed into a 160 mm × 210 mm bag shape. In this film, two fine holes with a hole diameter of 400 μm are punched in advance per one bag by hot needle processing. 200 g of edamame was added, sealed by heat sealing, and stored at 15 ° C., but a strange odor was generated on the third day.
Comparative Example 6 A polyethylene (LLDPE) film having a thickness of 40 μm (Tosero TUX TC # 40 manufactured by Tosero Co., Ltd.) was processed into a bag shape of 200 mm × 320 mm. In this film, 270 fine holes with an average pore diameter of 98 μm are perforated per bag. Although 1 kg of Aume was added and sealed with heat sealing, it was stored at 15 ° C. for 5 days, but a good state was maintained. However, the bag strength was significantly reduced and the bag was damaged during handling.
[0023]
Table 1 shows the conditions of the examples and comparative examples, and Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the examples and comparative examples.
[0024]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004152214
[0025]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004152214
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, there is provided a fruit and vegetables freshness-keeping packaging bag and a packaging body that have an excellent freshness-keeping effect and have sufficient strength and ease of use by controlling the amount of permeation with high productivity and accuracy, which has not been conventionally achieved. Can do.

Claims (8)

単層もしくは多層の高分子フィルムよりなる包装袋において、孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔と孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔がそれぞれ少なくとも1個以上存在し、孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔と孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔とが異なる方法で設けられており、かつ全体の孔数に対する20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔の割合が5%以上であることを特徴とする青果物鮮度保持包装袋。In a packaging bag made of a single-layer or multi-layer polymer film, there are at least one fine hole having a pore diameter of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm and at least one fine hole having a pore diameter of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less, and a fine pore having a pore diameter of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm. The freshness of fruits and vegetables is characterized in that the pores and the fine pores having a pore diameter of 100 μm or more and 700 μm or less are provided by different methods, and the ratio of the fine pores of 20 μm or more and less than 100 μm to the total number of pores is 5% or more. Packaging bag. 孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔の平均孔径が、平均孔径/フィルム厚みの比が3以下の関係を満たす請求項1に記載の青果物鮮度保持包装袋。  The fruit and vegetables freshness-keeping packaging bag according to claim 1, wherein the average pore diameter of fine pores having a pore diameter of 20 µm or more and less than 100 µm satisfies a relationship of an average pore diameter / film thickness ratio of 3 or less. すべての微細孔の平均孔径が、平均孔径/フィルム厚みの比が3以下の関係を満たす請求項1又は2に記載の青果物鮮度保持包装袋。  The fruit and vegetables freshness-keeping packaging bag according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the average pore diameter of all the micropores satisfies the relationship of the average pore diameter / film thickness ratio of 3 or less. 孔径が100μm以上700μm以下の微細孔の総開孔面積が、包装する青果物100g当たり、1.0×10-8〜1.0mm2である請求項1、2又は3に記載の青果物鮮度保持包装袋。The freshness-keeping packaging for fruits and vegetables according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the total opening area of micropores having a pore diameter of 100 µm or more and 700 µm or less is 1.0 x 10 -8 to 1.0 mm 2 per 100 g of fruits and vegetables to be packaged. bag. 総開孔面積が、包装する青果物100g当たり、1.0×10-8〜1.0mm2である請求項1、2又は3に記載の青果物鮮度保持包装袋。The fresh and fresh fruit-keeping packaging bag according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the total open area is 1.0 x 10 -8 to 1.0 mm 2 per 100 g of fruits and vegetables to be packaged. 高分子フィルムがポリプロピレン又はポリエチレンの単層のフィルム、もしくはポリプロピレン及びポリエチレンのいずれかを含む層を少なくとも1層有する多層のフィルムである請求項1、2、3、4又は5に記載の青果物鮮度保持包装袋。The fruit and vegetables freshness preservation according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 , wherein the polymer film is a single-layer film of polypropylene or polyethylene, or a multilayer film having at least one layer containing any of polypropylene and polyethylene. Packaging bag. 孔径が20μm以上100μm未満の微細孔のうち、孔径/フィルム厚みの比が2.7以下を満たす微細孔が存在する請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6に記載の青果物鮮度保持包装袋。The fruit and vegetables freshness-keeping packaging according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 , wherein among the micropores having a pore diameter of 20 µm or more and less than 100 µm, there is a micropore having a pore diameter / film thickness ratio of 2.7 or less. bag. 請求項1〜のいずれかに記載の青果物鮮度保持包装袋を用いて青果物を包装した包装体。Packaging body was packaged vegetables and fruits with vegetables and fruits fresh-keeping packaging bag according to any of claims 1-7.
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JP2007186247A (en) * 2006-01-16 2007-07-26 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd Package containing bean sprouts
JP4964076B2 (en) * 2007-09-26 2012-06-27 キユーピー株式会社 Method for producing sterilized vegetables in containers
GB2453590A (en) * 2007-10-12 2009-04-15 Sharp Interpack Ltd Packaging tray with lid having apertures
GB2491150A (en) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-28 Oliver Poyntz Fungal insert for prolonging the shelf life of packaged food
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JP2014027884A (en) * 2012-07-31 2014-02-13 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd Method for preserving citrus
JP5556949B1 (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-07-23 住友ベークライト株式会社 Vegetable and fruit packaging bag and fruit and vegetable packaging
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CN104757100A (en) * 2015-04-15 2015-07-08 翟昕昕 Mango air conditioned storage and preservation process
CN114854075B (en) * 2022-06-06 2023-08-22 江阴诚公转印包装材料有限公司 Fresh-keeping breathing film special for fruits and vegetables and preparation method thereof

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