JP4150936B1 - Automatic snow plow - Google Patents
Automatic snow plow Download PDFInfo
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- JP4150936B1 JP4150936B1 JP2007128596A JP2007128596A JP4150936B1 JP 4150936 B1 JP4150936 B1 JP 4150936B1 JP 2007128596 A JP2007128596 A JP 2007128596A JP 2007128596 A JP2007128596 A JP 2007128596A JP 4150936 B1 JP4150936 B1 JP 4150936B1
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Abstract
【課題】暴風や降雪、結氷に強く圧迫感のない簡単な構成にする必要がある。また、停止、移動、停止を繰り返し、停止時間の長い雪降ろし部材は、凍結による動作不能状態に陥らないように他の部品等との接触をできるだけ減らすことが重要で、接触部が凍結してもその氷を砕きながら動作しなければならない。
【解決手段】雪降ろし部材を支えながら駆動力を伝達する機能を2本の長ネジにもたせ、雪降ろし部材に取り付けた2個のナットにその長ネジを挿入するように構成したので、長 ネジの回転により雪降ろし部材を往復移動させることができた。雪降ろし部材が接触するのは長ネジだけであり、ナットとの接触面積は小さく、かつ回転する駆動力が大きいので長ネジに着いた氷を簡単に砕くことができる。
【選択図】図2[PROBLEMS] To provide a simple configuration that is strong against storms, snowfall, and icing and does not have a feeling of pressure. In addition, it is important to reduce the contact with other parts as much as possible so that the snow removal member with a long stop time will not fall into an inoperable state due to freezing. Even must work while breaking the ice.
A imparted a function of transmitting the driving force while supporting the snow down member to two long screws, and then, is inserted the long screw into two nuts mounted on the snow down member, long screws The snow-falling member could be reciprocated by the rotation of the. The snow removal member contacts only the long screw , the contact area with the nut is small, and the rotating driving force is large, so that the ice attached to the long screw can be easily broken.
[Selection] Figure 2
Description
この発明は、屋根に積もった雪、積もりつつある雪を、屋根に設置した雪降ろし機で自動的に除雪する自動雪降ろし装置に関するものである。The present invention relates to an automatic snow removal device that automatically removes snow accumulated on a roof and snow that is being accumulated by a snow removal machine installed on the roof.
屋根に積もった雪降ろしの従来の方法には、人が屋根に上って雪降ろしをする人力に頼る方法と熱で雪を溶かす融雪方法があった。
図1は、融雪方法の代表的な融雪装置を設置した家の基本的外観を示す。(1)はボイラー、(2)は屋根に張り巡らせた放熱管であり、例えば灯油を燃料にして水を高温にし、これを放熱管(2)に供給して屋根の雪を融かす方法や、放熱管(2)の代わりに屋根に設置したヒーターとそれを保護する保護板からなり、ヒーターに通電することで保護板を温め保護板上の雪を溶かすというものが実用化されていた。しかし、これらの屋根融雪機器は融雪する面積にもよるが設置費用が数十万円から数百万円と高価で、かつ気温が低下するに従いランニングコストが高くなるという欠点を有していた。Conventional methods for snow removal on the roof include a method that relies on human power for a person to go down the roof to snow and a method for melting snow that melts snow with heat.
FIG. 1 shows a basic appearance of a house in which a typical snow melting apparatus of a snow melting method is installed. (1) is a boiler, and (2) is a heat radiating pipe stretched around the roof. For example, kerosene is used as fuel to heat water, and this is supplied to the heat radiating pipe (2) to melt the roof snow. Instead of the heat radiating pipe (2), a heater installed on the roof and a protective plate for protecting the heater were put into practical use, and by heating the heater, the protective plate was heated to melt the snow on the protective plate. However, these roof snow melting devices have the disadvantage that the installation costs are several hundreds of thousands to several millions of yen depending on the snow melting area, and the running costs increase as the temperature decreases.
代表的な積雪地である青森における平成17年度5月の「青森市民のアンケート調査結果」によれば年間積算降雪量の平年値は765cm、16年度の積算降雪量は1043cmで屋根の雪降ろしを実施した世帯は全体の約60%であり、平均約2回行っている。屋根雪の量が増えるに伴い、その重量が増すため屋根を崩壊から守る必要があり、どうしても雪降ろしが必要となっている。雪降ろしをしなかった理由は、複数回答だが無落雪屋根27%、集合住宅33%、屋根融雪機器設置10%、自然落雪屋根30%、その他6%となっている。ここから屋根融雪機器を設置している世帯が全体の約4%と少ないことがわかる。屋根融雪施設は安価なものではないことが、大きな理由と考えられる。According to “Aomori Citizen Questionnaire Survey Results” in May 2005 in Aomori, a typical snowy area, the average annual snowfall is 765 cm, and the total snowfall in 2004 is 1043 cm. About 60% of the households were implemented, with an average of about twice. As the amount of snow on the roof increases, its weight increases, so it is necessary to protect the roof from collapsing, and it is absolutely necessary to remove snow. The reasons for not falling snow are multiple answers, but 27% snow-free roof, 33% housing complex, 10% roof snow melting equipment installation, 30% natural snow falling roof, and 6% others. From this, it can be seen that about 4% of the households have roof snow melting equipment. The main reason is that the snow melting facility on the roof is not cheap.
そのほか豪雪地域の山間部では市街地に比べて雪降ろしの回数は増え、豪雪の際には雪降ろし回数が最大24回という記録のある地域がある(雪と屋根:(株)アメックス協販)。そのたびに屋根に上がらねばならず、滑り落ちるという事故の危険性を常にはらんでおり、実際に毎年雪降ろしによる数多くの事故が発生している。このような状況にあって安価でランニングコストの安い自動雪降ろし装置の出現が待たれている。In addition, the number of snowfalls in the mountainous areas of heavy snowfall areas is higher than in urban areas, and there are areas with a maximum number of snowfalls of 24 times during heavy snowfall (snow and roof: Amex Co., Ltd.) Every time there is a risk of accidents that have to climb on the roof and slide down, there are actually many accidents caused by snowfall every year. Under such circumstances, the appearance of an automatic snow removal device that is inexpensive and low in running cost is awaited.
この発明は、上記のような問題点を解消するためになされたもので、屋根に設置し駆動用の電動モーターに通電するだけで屋根に積もった雪を自動的に降ろす、安価な自動雪降ろし装置を得ることを目的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is an inexpensive automatic snowfaller that automatically installs snow on the roof simply by energizing an electric motor for driving installed on the roof. The object is to obtain a device.
この発明に係る自動雪降ろし装置は、屋根の雪を掻き降ろす雪降ろし部材を屋根にほぼ平行に移動させかつ支持するために、平行に配置した長ネジを用い、雪掻き部材にその長ネ ジが入るナットを設け長ネジが回転することで移動する構成としている。Down automatic snow according to the present invention apparatus, the snow down member down scraping snow roof to substantially parallel moved and supported on the roof, using a long screw which is arranged parallel to, its long screws to snowplow member It has a configuration in which a nut to enter is provided and the long screw rotates to rotate.
以下、この発明の一実施例を図について説明する。図2は平面図、図3は側面図である。図2および図3において(11)は雪降ろし部材、(12A)、(12B)は、雪降ろし部材(11)を支え、かつ移動を可能にする長ネジ1および2である。(13)は電動モーターや歯車などの駆動系を収納した底板(14)に固定された駆動部である。
図4の上部の図は、駆動部(13)の内部を上から見た図で、(15)は底板(14)に固定された筐体である。減速ギアを取り付けた電動モーター(16)は筐体(15)に固定されており、その回転軸には歯車(17)が取り付けられている。
長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)は、第一の支持体である筐体(15)に設けた軸受けで支えられている。(18)・(19)・(20)は同一仕様の歯車で長ネジ1(12A )、2(12B)にはそれぞれ歯車(18)・(19)を取り付けている。歯車(20)は駆動力を伝達するためのもので筐体(15)に設けた軸受けで支持されている。(21)は外装である。図5は本実施例の正面図の一部であり、長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)の第二の支持体(22)と軸受け(23)を示している。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 2 is a plan view and FIG. 3 is a side view. 2 and 3, (11) is a snow removal member, and (12A) and (12B) are
4 is a top view of the inside of the drive unit (13), and (15) is a housing fixed to the bottom plate (14). The electric motor (16) to which the reduction gear is attached is fixed to the casing (15), and a gear (17) is attached to the rotation shaft.
The long screws 1 (12A) and 2 (12B) are supported by bearings provided on the casing (15) which is the first support. (18), (19), and (20) are gears of the same specification, and the long screws 1 (12A ) and 2 (12B) are attached with gears (18) and (19), respectively. The gear (20) is for transmitting a driving force, and is supported by a bearing provided on the housing (15). (21) is an exterior. FIG. 5 is a part of a front view of the present embodiment, and shows the second support (22) and the bearing (23) of the long screws 1 (12A) and 2 (12B).
(24A)と(24B)は長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)に適合する雪降ろし部材(11)に取り付けたナットである。一般のネジとナットでは挿入した際の相互間の隙間は小さくされているが、長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)とナット(24A)、(24B)の場合、相互間の隙間は大きいほうが良い。雪降ろしの際、回転する長ネジ1(12A )、2(12B)には雪や氷が付着しているのでネジ山の数が多いとナット(24A)、(24B)の中で砕かれた雪や氷が詰まってしまい、回転が停止してしまう恐れがある。従って、ナット(24A)、(24B)のネジ山の数は少なくし、砕かれた雪や氷は、ナット(24A)、(24B)の内部に留まることなく外部に排出されるようにすべきである。しかし、ナット(24A)、(24B)のネジ山の数が少ないと雪降ろし部材(11)が支えられるのは点接触に近い状態になるため不安定となるので注意する必要がある。ネジ山の少ないナットをパイプの両端に埋め込み、そのパイプを雪降ろし部材(11)に取り付けても良い。ナットではなく1枚のリングを長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)のネジ山に適合するようにパイプの両端に取り付けても良い。この場合、パイプの中央には砕かれた雪や氷が外部に排出されるよう一部分孔を開けておく必要がある。または長めのナットの両端を残し、中央部分を半分削除して用いても良い。ナット(24A)、(24B)の側面図を図6に示した。このようにすれば雪降ろし部材(11)は4箇所での支持となるため安定する。(24A) and (24B) are nuts attached to the snowfall member (11) suitable for the long screws 1 (12A) and 2 (12B). In general screws and nuts, the gap between them is small, but in the case of long screws 1 (12A), 2 (12B) and nuts (24A), (24B), the gap between them is large. Better. When snowing, the rotating long screws 1 (12A ) and 2 (12B) are covered with snow and ice, so if there are many threads, they were crushed in the nuts (24A) and (24B). There is a risk that rotation will stop due to clogging with snow and ice. Therefore, the number of threads of the nuts (24A) and (24B) should be reduced, and crushed snow and ice should be discharged outside without staying inside the nuts (24A) and (24B). It is. However, if the number of screw threads of the nuts (24A) and (24B) is small, the support of the snow-falling member (11) becomes unstable because it is close to point contact, so care must be taken. A nut with few threads may be embedded at both ends of the pipe, and the pipe may be attached to the snowfall member (11). Instead of a nut, one ring may be attached to both ends of the pipe so as to fit the threads of the long screws 1 (12A) and 2 (12B). In this case, it is necessary to make a hole in the center of the pipe so that crushed snow and ice are discharged to the outside. Alternatively, both ends of the longer nut may be left and half of the center portion may be deleted. A side view of the nuts (24A) and (24B) is shown in FIG. If it does in this way, since the snow-falling member (11) will be supported in four places, it will be stable.
長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)の回転方向は同一の方向ではなく互いに逆の方向とすべきである。同一方向では雪降ろし部材(11)が左右いずれかに若干ではあるが傾くことになる。長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)の回転方向を互いに逆にするための駆動力の伝達には本実施例では図5に示すように歯車を用いた。The rotation directions of the long screws 1 (12A) and 2 (12B) should be opposite to each other, not the same direction. In the same direction, the snow-falling member (11) is slightly inclined to the left or right. In this embodiment, gears are used as shown in FIG. 5 for transmitting the driving force for reversing the rotational directions of the long screws 1 (12A) and 2 (12B).
図4の下部の図は駆動部(13)の歯車(17)、(18)、(19)、(20)を示しており、一点鎖線の外側の実線は歯車の山の通過する軌跡、一点鎖線は歯車の谷の通過する軌跡、それぞれの歯車の中心の円は歯車の軸である。矢印は回転方向を示す。(18)、(19)、(20)の歯車は大きさ、歯数とも同じである。歯車1(17)は、減速ギアを取り付けた電動モーター(16)により回転する駆動歯車、歯車2(18)は長ネジ1(12A)を回転軸とし、歯車3(19)は長ネジ2(12B)を回転軸としている。歯車4(20)は駆動力を歯車3(19)に伝達し、回転方向を逆にするために設けている。駆動力の伝達に歯車を用いて説明したが、ベルトやチェーンを用いても可能である。The lower part of FIG. 4 shows the gears (17), (18), (19), (20) of the drive unit (13). The solid line outside the alternate long and short dash line is the trajectory through which the gear crest passes, The chain line is the trajectory through which the gear valley passes, and the circle at the center of each gear is the gear axis. Arrows indicate the direction of rotation. The gears (18), (19), and (20) have the same size and number of teeth. The gear 1 (17) is a driving gear rotated by an electric motor (16) with a reduction gear, the gear 2 (18) has a long screw 1 (12A) as a rotating shaft, and the gear 3 (19) has a long screw 2 ( 12B) is the rotation axis. The gear 4 (20) is provided to transmit the driving force to the gear 3 (19) and to reverse the rotation direction. Although the description has been made using gears for transmitting the driving force, it is also possible to use a belt or a chain.
雪降ろし部材(11)の初期の位置は、駆動部(13)の近傍に設定しておく。雪降ろし部材(11)を動かすために起動スイッチをONにして電動モーター(16)を回転させると雪降ろし部材(11)は雪降ろしの下流側に向かって移動し、第二の支持体の手前で停止する。停止するために位置の検出を行う必要があり、第二の支持体の手前に電気的接触による位置検出器を備えている。停止すると次に電動モーター(16)を逆回転させ雪降ろし部材(11)を駆動部(13)に向かって移動させる。駆動部(13)の近傍の初期の位置にも同様の位置検出器を配置しており、電気的接触による電気信号により初期の位置に停止するようにしている。The initial position of the snow-falling member (11) is set in the vicinity of the drive unit (13). When the electric motor (16) is rotated by turning on the start switch in order to move the snow removal member (11), the snow removal member (11) moves toward the downstream side of the snow removal, and before the second support body. Stop at. In order to stop, it is necessary to detect the position, and a position detector by electrical contact is provided in front of the second support. When stopped, the electric motor (16) is then reversely rotated to move the snow-falling member (11) toward the drive unit (13). A similar position detector is also arranged at an initial position in the vicinity of the drive unit (13), and is stopped at the initial position by an electrical signal generated by electrical contact.
降雪量は一日あたり最大1〜2メートル程度であるから、雪降ろし部材(11)の大きさにもよるが、一時間当たり2〜3回往復させればよい。したがって起動スイッチをONにすると20〜30分毎に電動モーター(16)を回転させるためにタイマーを用いればよい。一般の家屋の屋根であれば2〜3メートルを往復することになり、1往復を1分以内、速くすれば10秒程度の時間しかかからないので電力の使用はごくわずかで済み、従来の融雪方式に比べて非常に経済的である。Since the maximum amount of snowfall is about 1 to 2 meters per day, it may be reciprocated 2 to 3 times per hour, depending on the size of the snowfall member (11). Therefore, a timer may be used to rotate the electric motor (16) every 20 to 30 minutes when the start switch is turned on. If it is a roof of a general house, it will make a round trip of 2 to 3 meters, and if you make a round trip within 1 minute, it will only take about 10 seconds if you make it faster, so the use of electricity is very small and the conventional snow melting method It is very economical compared to
雪降ろし部材(11)の大きさ、高さは、暴風に強くするために小さく低いほうが良い。この自動雪降ろし機の最大の特長は、雪降ろし部材(11)が他と接触する部分が長ネジ(12)だけという点である。接触部分が小さいので、長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)に多少の氷が張ったとしてもナット(24A)、(24B)で砕きながら走行できる。長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)に雪が直接降りないように覆いをつければ信頼性はさらに向上する。雪降ろし部材(11)自体にも雪は積もるので駆動部(13)側の初期の位置にカバーを設けておくことが望ましい。また、雪降ろし部材(11)を支えながら駆動力を伝達する機能を長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)だけが担っていることは部品の最小化に繋がっており、全体的に構造が簡単で部品の少ない装置にできるので、安価に提供できる。The size and height of the snow removal member (11) should be small and low in order to be strong against storms. The greatest feature of this automatic snow removal machine is that the part where the snow removal member (11) contacts with the other is only the long screw (12). Since the contact portion is small, even if some ice is stretched on the long screws 1 (12A) and 2 (12B), the long screw 1 (12A) and 2 (12B) can run while being crushed by the nuts (24A) and (24B). If the long screws 1 (12A) and 2 (12B) are covered so that snow does not fall directly, the reliability is further improved. Since snow also accumulates on the snow-falling member (11) itself, it is desirable to provide a cover at an initial position on the drive unit (13) side. In addition, the fact that only the long screws 1 (12A) and 2 (12B) have the function of transmitting the driving force while supporting the snow-falling member (11) leads to minimization of parts, and the overall structure is Since it can be a simple device with few parts, it can be provided at low cost.
自動雪降ろし機であるので産業に寄与するのは工場の屋根の雪降ろしである。工場の屋根は面積が大きいので屋根の強度を豪雪に耐えるほど強くする必要があるが、自動雪降ろし機を設置し稼動させることで雪の重みを心配する必要がなくなる。また自動雪降ろし機の設置を前提に工場の屋根を設計すれば建築費用も安価となる。Since it is an automatic snow remover, it is the snow removal on the roof of the factory that contributes to the industry. Since the factory roof is large in area, it is necessary to make the roof strong enough to withstand heavy snow, but by installing and operating an automatic snow thrower, there is no need to worry about the weight of snow. If the factory roof is designed on the assumption that an automatic snow thrower will be installed, the construction cost will be low.
1 ボイラー
2 放熱管
11 雪降ろし部材
12A 雪降ろし部材(11)を支える長ネジ1
12B 雪降ろし部材(11)を支える長ネジ2
13 駆動系を収納した駆動部
14 駆動部(13)を支える底板
15 底板(14)に固定された筐体
16 電動モーター
17 電動モーター(16)の回転軸に取り付けた駆動歯車1
18 長ネジ1(12A)に取り付けた歯車2
19 長ネジ2(12B)に取り付けた歯車3
20 駆動力を歯車(19)に伝達する歯車4
21 駆動部(13)の外装
22 長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)の第二の支持体
23 長ネジ1(12A)、2(12B)の軸受け
24A 長ネジ1(12A)に適合する雪降ろし部材(11)に取り付けたナット
24B 長ネジ2(12B)に適合する雪降ろし部材(11)に取り付けたナットDESCRIPTION OF
Reference Signs List 13 Drive unit housing drive system 14 Bottom plate 15 supporting drive unit (13) Housing 16 fixed to bottom plate (14) Electric motor 17
20
21
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2007128596A JP4150936B1 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2007-04-13 | Automatic snow plow |
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JP2007128596A JP4150936B1 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2007-04-13 | Automatic snow plow |
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JP4150936B1 true JP4150936B1 (en) | 2008-09-17 |
JP2008261199A JP2008261199A (en) | 2008-10-30 |
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JP2007128596A Expired - Fee Related JP4150936B1 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2007-04-13 | Automatic snow plow |
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US8638026B2 (en) | 2008-10-08 | 2014-01-28 | Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation | Stage drive device |
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