JP4143160B2 - Dementia detection reagent - Google Patents

Dementia detection reagent Download PDF

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JP4143160B2
JP4143160B2 JP05912798A JP5912798A JP4143160B2 JP 4143160 B2 JP4143160 B2 JP 4143160B2 JP 05912798 A JP05912798 A JP 05912798A JP 5912798 A JP5912798 A JP 5912798A JP 4143160 B2 JP4143160 B2 JP 4143160B2
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pgam
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dementia
reagent
isozyme
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JPH11239500A (en
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素樹 藤田
泰三 林
浩二 内田
雄志 松尾
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Oriental Yeast Co Ltd
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Oriental Yeast Co Ltd
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、痴呆疾患の鑑別システムに関するものであり、更に詳細には、アルツハイマー型痴呆(DAT)と脳血管性痴呆(VD)とを効果的に鑑別するシステムに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ホスホグリセリン酸ムターゼ(Phosphoglyceric acid mutase)(PGAMということもある:EC5.4.2.1)は、解糖系酵素の一つで、2,3−ビスホスホグリセリン酸(2,3-bisphosphoglycerate : Glycerate-2,3-P2)の存在下、2−ホスホグリセリン酸(2-phosphoglycerate : Glycerate-2-P)と3−ホスホグリセリン酸(3-phosphoglycerate : Glycerate-3-P)の相互交換を触媒する。
【0003】
哺乳動物にはPGAMをコードする遺伝子が二つ存在する。Mサブユニット(分子量約3万)の遺伝子は成人の骨格筋、心筋で発現され、これらの組織ではMMホモダイマー(M型PGAM、M−PGAM、PGAM−MM、PGAM−M又はM型アイソザイムともいう)が存在する。Bサブユニット(分子量約3万)の遺伝子は成人の脳、肝、腎および赤血球で発現され、これらの組織ではBBホモダイマー(B型PGAM、B−PGAM、PGAM−BB、PGAM−B又はB型アイソザイムともいう)が存在する。従って、M型PGAMは筋肉特異的アイソザイムに、またB型PGAMは非筋肉型あるいは脳型アイソザイムに分類される。MおよびBの両サブユニットの遺伝子は心筋で特異的に発現されており、この組織ではB型およびM型PGAMに加えてMBヘテロダイマー(MB型PGAM、MB−PGAM、PGAM−MB又はMB型アイソザイムともいう)も存在する。
【0004】
YatesらはPGAMアイソザイムを分別定量できるisoelectric focusingを使って、正常血漿中のPGAM活性が専らB型アイソザイムに由来することを示した。また、Markertは正常ヒト胎児および成人の脳では、主にPGAMのB型アイソザイムが存在するが、脳腫瘍組織ではMB型およびM型アイソザイムが認められ、発現レベルが腫瘍の悪性度と相関すること、それに対して筋肉特異的酵素であるクレアチンキナーゼ(Creatine kinase:CK)ではそのような変化は認められないことを示した。しかし、これまで、血清中のPGAMアイソザイムの変動と各種脳性疾患病態との関連についてはあまり調べられておらず、本発明者らが先に特許出願したB型PGAMの脳卒中マーカーとしての利用が報告されている程度である(特開平8−322595)。また、痴呆症との関連についての報告もなく、ましてやDATとVDとの鑑別に至っては全く何も知られていない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
どの疾患においても正確にして迅速な診断が不可欠であるが、特に痴呆症においては、DATとVDとではその治療法を大きく異にするため、これらの正確にして迅速且つ簡便な早期鑑別システムの開発が強く求められている。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記した当業界の要望に応える目的でなされたものであって、DATとVDとを鑑別する方法を求めて各方面から研究した結果、PGAMが有用であることをはじめてつきとめただけでなく、血中のPGAMを測定することによりDATとVDとの鑑別が可能であることもはじめて発見した。
【0007】
鑑別マーカーの測定にあたり、血清等の血液サンプルを試料として使用できることは、細胞等を試料としなければならない場合に比して、採取、取扱い、測定の面できわめてすぐれていることにほかならないし、そのうえ、血中の全PGAMの測定のほか、PGAMアイソザイムの内、血中の主成分であるB型アイソザイムを測定することにより両者の鑑別が可能であること、換言すれば、全PGAMにかえて血中のB型PGAMを測定すれば両者の鑑別が可能であることもはじめて見出し、これらの有用新知見に基づき、遂に本発明の完成に至ったものである。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明者らは、PGAM(全PGAM、B型PGAM)がDATとVDの鑑別マーカーとして有用であることをはじめて明らかにしただけでなく、血液サンプル中のPGAMを測定することにより両者の鑑別が可能であること、なかんずく、全PGAMはもとより、血液中のB型PGAMを測定するだけで充分両者の鑑別が可能であることもつきとめた。そして更に、両者鑑別のためのPGAM、B型PGAMの測定方法として、本発明者らが先に開発した方法(特開平8−322595)が適用可能なことも確認して、本発明の完成に至ったものである。
以下、本発明を詳しく説明する。
【0009】
本発明に係るPGAMの測定方法を、先ず、血中の主成分であるB型アイソザイムについて述べる。B型PGAMを測定する方法は、血清等の血液サンプルをPGAM阻害剤によって処理し、特定のアイソザイムを失活せしめた後、残存のPGAM活性を測定することからなるものである。例えばPGAM阻害剤として四チオン酸を用いた場合、M型アイソザイムはほぼ100%失活し、MB型は約50%失活し、B型はほとんど失活しない。したがって、血清に四チオン酸を添加してM型アイソザイムを失活させた後、残存のPGAM活性を測定することにより、B型アイソザイムを分別定量することができるのである。
【0010】
なお、PGAMの精製アイソザイムを用いた阻害実験によれば、四チオン酸処理によってMB型は50%しか失活せず、50%は活性が残存するが、現実において、正常血清及び脳組織のPGAM活性のほとんどは、B型アイソザイムによるものであるので、MB型アイソザイムの残存活性は、生体サンプルにおけるDATとVDの鑑別を行う場合においては、これを無視することができることが確認されるとともに、B型PGAM値と全PGAM値とは、両者の鑑別を行うにおいて、実質的な差異がないこと、換言すれば、血液中のB型PGAM値を測定しても全PGAM値を測定しても両者の鑑別が可能であることも確認された。
【0011】
PGAM阻害剤としては、酸化剤、SH試薬等PGAM又はそのアイソザイムの活性を選択的に阻害しうる物質がすべて使用できる。その非限定例としては、ポリチオン酸及び/又はその誘導体が挙げられる。ポリチオン酸は、三〜六チオン酸がいずれも使用可能であって、その誘導体としてはカリウム塩、ナトリウム塩等が使用可能であり、好適例のひとつとして、四チオン酸カリウムが例示される。
【0012】
本発明に係る測定方法は、血清等の血液試料に四チオン酸カリウム等の阻害剤を作用させてPGAM−Mを失活させ(PGAM−MBの活性は上記したように本生体測定系においては無視できる)、残存のPGAM−Bを測定試薬を用いて測定するものである。
【0013】
その測定原理は、下記表1に記載したように、M型PGAMアイソザイムの阻害剤である四チオン酸カリウムを用いてM型アイソザイムを失活せしめた後、次のようにして活性測定を行うことからなるものである。すなわち、2,3−ビスホスホグリセリン酸(Glycerate-2,3-P2)の存在下、PGAM−Bによって、3−ホスホグリセリン酸(Glycerate-3-P)を2−ホスホグリセリン酸(Glycerate-2-P)とし、これをエノラーゼによりPEPとH2Oとする。次いでPEPを、ADPの存在下ピルビン酸キナーゼ(PK)によりピルビン酸(Pyruvate)とATPとにし、得られたピルビン酸に、NADHの存在下、乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(LDH)を作用させ、NADHの減少をレートアッセイ(rate assay)するものである。
【0014】
【表1】

Figure 0004143160
【0015】
NADHの減少は市販の測定機器によって容易に測定することができ、PGAM−Bが正確に且つ迅速に測定できる(全PGAMも同様である)。しかも後述する実施例からも明らかなように、痴呆疾患患者由来の血清サンプル中のPGAM値は、DAT患者よりもVD患者の方が高く、したがってPGAMの測定は、DATとVDとの鑑別にきわめて有効であることが判明し、PGAMは両者の鑑別用マーカーとしてきわめて好適であることも実証された。このようなことは従来全く知られておらず、PGAMは鑑別用新規マーカーと認められる。
【0016】
また、本発明によれば、エノラーゼ、ピルビン酸キナーゼ(PK)、NADH、乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(LDH)、PGAM阻害剤(四チオン酸カリウム等:PGAM−B測定の場合のみ)を含有し、更に必要に応じて、基質、緩衝液を含有したPGAM−B測定試薬を提供することができ、これはDATとVDの鑑別剤として利用することができる。本試薬は、後記実施例に例示したように試薬1及び試薬2としてキットとして市販することも可能である。
【0017】
以上、PGAM−Bの測定について述べたが、全PGAM(単にPGAM又はT−PGAMということもある)も、B型アイソザイムと同じ行動を示し、T−PGAMもPGAM−Bと全く同様にDATとVDの鑑別に利用することができる。
【0018】
T−PGAMの測定方法も、阻害剤を使用しないだけで、他はB型アイソザイムの場合と全く同一であって(その測定原理も、表1に示した測定原理の内、阻害剤を使用する(1)を除き、そして(2)のPGAM−BをT−PGAMに代えた点を除き、全く同一である)、NADHの減少をレートアッセイ法で測定すればよく、B型アイソザイムの場合と同様に、T−PGAMの測定もDATとVDの鑑別に利用することができる。この場合は、阻害剤を使用することなく測定することができ、両者の鑑別において有効性が高いものである。
【0019】
T−PGAMの測定試薬及び同キットについても、阻害剤を使用する点を除き、B型アイソザイムの場合と全く同一であり、上記した理由と同じ理由により、これ(ら)もDATとVDの鑑別用試薬としてきわめて有効に利用することができる。
以下、本発明の実施例について述べる。
【0020】
【実施例1】
下記表2の作業手順、条件にしたがい、血清試料について、血中PGAM値を日立7150自動分析器を用いて測定した。対象は、アルツハイマー型痴呆(DAT)患者68例、血管性痴呆(VD)患者54例とし、痴呆の程度や平均年齢には有意差はなかった。検体は、すべて早朝空腹時に採取された。
【0021】
【表2】
Figure 0004143160
【0022】
測定試薬としては、下記組成を有する試薬1(R−1)及び試薬2(R−2)を用いた。
【0023】
Figure 0004143160
【0024】
Figure 0004143160
【0025】
試薬1(R−1)250μlと、血清サンプル5μlを混合し、5分間放置した。次いで試薬2(R−2)を用いてPGAMの活性を測定した。
試薬2(R−2)にはグリセリン酸−3−リン酸(基質)が含まれているので、試薬2を41μl添加することによって反応を開始せしめた(基質スタート)。試薬2の添加から約1.5分後に測定を開始した。
【0026】
測定には日立7150自動分析装置を用い、アッセイコードをRATE−A:32−39、測定温度を37℃に設定し、約1.5分NADHの減少による吸光度A340nmの減少を測定した。なお、副波長は405nmで測定を行った。
【0027】
酵素の1単位(1U:1unit)は、37℃で1分当りに1μmolのNADHを減少させる酵素量と定義した。実際の測定値は、レートアッセイ値に検量係数(K FACTOR)を乗じて求めた。得られた結果を図1に示した。
【0028】
その結果から明らかなように、血中PGAM値はDATで37.7±22.3U/l、VDは52.1±37.6U/lで、両群間に有意差がみられた(P<0.05、t−test)。本発明者らは、健常者50例並びにルーチン検査が正常範囲内の外来患者227例(6〜89才)のデータから、22〜60U/lを正常範囲としている。DATでは8例(12%)が高値、10例(14%)が低値であった。一方、VDでは13例(24%)が高値を示したが、低値を示したのは1例(2%)のみであって、DATに比してVDで高値を示した。
【0029】
上記結果から、血中PGAM値は、両痴呆間に有意差があり、両痴呆疾患の鑑別に利用できることが明らかになり、PGAM値が両者の鑑別用マーカーとして利用できることが立証された。
【0030】
【実施例2】
四チオン酸カリウムのPGAM−B及びPGAM−Mに対する影響を自動分析法によって検討した。試料としては、B型及びM型の標準品(いずれもプール血清ベース)を用い、生理食塩水で希釈して1/1〜1/8のサンプルを用意した。これらのサンプルに各種濃度の四チオン酸カリウムを添加し、5分間反応させた後、B型及びM型PGAM量を自動分析法を利用して測定した。
【0031】
実施例1の試薬を用い、自動分析法によってPGAM−B、PGAM−M量をそれぞれ測定し、下記表3の結果を得た。その結果から明らかなように、四チオン酸カリウムによってM型アイソザイムのみが特異的に失活し、B型アイソザイムは全く影響されないことが判った。
【0032】
【表3】
Figure 0004143160
【0033】
【実施例3】
実施例1で用いた血清試料について、M型PGAMアイソザイム阻害剤として四チオン酸カリウムを用いて、PGAM活性の測定を行った。測定試薬としては、実施例1で使用したPGAM活性測定試薬(R−1)に2.25mM(最終濃度1.9mM)となるように四チオン酸カリウム(分子量302.4)を添加溶解し((R−1)試薬22mlに四チオン酸カリウムを15mg溶解)、M型を失活させ、B型PGAM活性測定試薬を調製した。
【0034】
試薬1(R−1)に四チオン酸カリウムを添加溶解した液250μlと、血清サンプル5μlを混合し、5分間放置した。その間に血清サンプル中のM型(及びMB型)PGAMが失活、阻害されるので、以下、試薬2(R−2)を用いてB型PGAMの活性を測定した。
その結果、T−PGAMの場合と同様に、B−PGAM値もDATに比してVDの方が高く、B−PGAMが両者の鑑別に利用できることが示された。
【0035】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、PGAM(B−PGAMも同様)を測定することにより、DATとVDとを迅速且つ正確に鑑別することが可能となってので、両者の正確な早期診断が可能となり、的確な痴呆症の治療を早期から実施することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】アルツハイマー型痴呆(DAT)と血管性痴呆(VD)における血中PGAM濃度を示す。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a system for identifying a dementia disease, and more particularly, to a system for effectively distinguishing between Alzheimer type dementia (DAT) and cerebrovascular dementia (VD).
[0002]
[Prior art]
Phosphoglyceric acid mutase (also referred to as PGAM: EC 5.4.2.1) is one of glycolytic enzymes, and 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-bisphosphoglycerate: Glycerate-2,3-P2) in the presence of 2-phosphoglycerate (Glycerate-2-P) and 3-phosphoglycerate (Glycerate-3-P) To do.
[0003]
There are two genes encoding PGAM in mammals. The gene of M subunit (molecular weight of about 30,000) is expressed in adult skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle, and in these tissues, it is also called MM homodimer (M-type PGAM, M-PGAM, PGAM-MM, PGAM-M or M-type isozyme). ) Exists. The gene of B subunit (molecular weight about 30,000) is expressed in adult brain, liver, kidney and erythrocyte, and in these tissues, BB homodimer (B type PGAM, B-PGAM, PGAM-BB, PGAM-B or B type) Also called isozymes). Therefore, M-type PGAM is classified as a muscle-specific isozyme, and B-type PGAM is classified as a non-muscle type or brain-type isozyme. The genes of both M and B subunits are specifically expressed in the myocardium, and in this tissue, in addition to B-type and M-type PGAM, MB heterodimers (MB-type PGAM, MB-PGAM, PGAM-MB or MB-type) (Also called isozymes).
[0004]
Yates et al. Showed that PGAM activity in normal plasma was exclusively derived from type B isozymes using isoelectric focusing, which can fractionally quantify PGAM isozymes. In addition, in the brain of normal human fetuses and adults, Markert mainly has PGAM type B isozymes, but MB type and M type isozymes are observed in brain tumor tissues, and the expression level correlates with the malignancy of the tumor, In contrast, creatine kinase (CK), a muscle-specific enzyme, showed no such change. However, until now, there has been little research on the relationship between fluctuations in serum PGAM isozymes and various cerebral disease pathologies, and the use of B-type PGAM, which was previously filed by the present inventors as a stroke marker, has been reported. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-322595). Moreover, there is no report on the relationship with dementia, and nothing is known about the differentiation between DAT and VD.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An accurate and prompt diagnosis is indispensable for any disease, but especially in dementia, the treatment method differs greatly between DAT and VD. There is a strong demand for development.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention was made for the purpose of meeting the above-mentioned demands of the industry, and as a result of research from various directions for a method for differentiating between DAT and VD, it was the first time that PGAM was useful. It was also discovered for the first time that DAT and VD can be differentiated by measuring PGAM in blood.
[0007]
The ability to use a blood sample such as serum as a sample in the measurement of a differential marker is nothing other than that in terms of collection, handling, and measurement, compared to the case where a cell or the like must be used as a sample. Moreover, in addition to measuring total PGAM in blood, it is possible to distinguish between both by measuring B-type isozyme, which is the main component in blood, in other words, in place of all PGAM. It was also discovered for the first time that B type PGAM in blood can be measured, and based on these useful new findings, the present invention has finally been completed.
[0008]
That is, the present inventors have not only clarified that PGAM (total PGAM, B-type PGAM) is useful as a differential marker between DAT and VD for the first time, but also by measuring PGAM in a blood sample. It has also been found that differentiation is possible, and in particular, it is possible to distinguish between both PGAMs as well as measuring B-type PGAM in blood. Furthermore, as a method for measuring PGAM and B-type PGAM for discrimination between the two, it was confirmed that the method previously developed by the present inventors (JP-A-8-322595) was applicable, and the present invention was completed. It has come.
The present invention will be described in detail below.
[0009]
First, the method for measuring PGAM according to the present invention will be described for type B isozymes, which are the main components in blood. The method of measuring B-type PGAM comprises measuring a residual PGAM activity after treating a blood sample such as serum with a PGAM inhibitor to inactivate a specific isozyme. For example, when tetrathioic acid is used as a PGAM inhibitor, the M type isozyme is almost 100% inactivated, the MB type is inactivated about 50%, and the B type is hardly inactivated. Therefore, after the tetrathionate is added to serum to inactivate the M-type isozyme, the residual PGAM activity is measured, whereby the B-type isozyme can be differentially quantified.
[0010]
In addition, according to the inhibition experiment using purified PGAM isozyme, only 50% of MB type was inactivated by tetrathionic acid treatment, and 50% of the activity remained, but in reality, PGAM of normal serum and brain tissue was used. Since most of the activity is due to the B-type isozyme, it is confirmed that the residual activity of the MB-type isozyme can be ignored when differentiating DAT and VD in biological samples. There is no substantial difference between the type PGAM value and the total PGAM value, in other words, both the B type PGAM value in blood and the total PGAM value are measured. It was also confirmed that discrimination of
[0011]
As the PGAM inhibitor, any substance that can selectively inhibit the activity of PGAM or its isozyme such as an oxidizing agent and SH reagent can be used. Non-limiting examples include polythionic acid and / or derivatives thereof. As the polythionic acid, any of tri to hexathionic acid can be used, and as a derivative thereof, potassium salt, sodium salt or the like can be used, and potassium tetrathionate is exemplified as one of suitable examples.
[0012]
In the measurement method according to the present invention, an inhibitor such as potassium tetrathionate is allowed to act on a blood sample such as serum to inactivate PGAM-M (the activity of PGAM-MB is as described above in this biological measurement system). It can be ignored), and the remaining PGAM-B is measured using a measuring reagent.
[0013]
As shown in Table 1 below, the measurement principle is to inactivate the M-type isozyme using potassium tetrathionate, which is an inhibitor of the M-type PGAM isozyme, and then measure the activity as follows. It consists of That is, in the presence of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (Glycerate-2,3-P2), 3-phosphoglycerate (Glycerate-3-P) was converted to 2-phosphoglycerate (Glycerate-2) by PGAM-B. -P), which is converted into PEP and H 2 O by enolase. Next, PEP is converted to pyruvate and ATP by pyruvate kinase (PK) in the presence of ADP, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is allowed to act on the obtained pyruvate in the presence of NADH, thereby reducing NADH. A rate assay is performed.
[0014]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004143160
[0015]
The reduction in NADH can be easily measured with commercially available measuring instruments, and PGAM-B can be measured accurately and quickly (as is all PGAM). Moreover, as is clear from the examples described later, the PGAM value in the serum sample derived from a patient with dementia is higher in VD patients than in DAT patients. Therefore, the measurement of PGAM is extremely different from DAT and VD. It proved to be effective, and PGAM was proved to be very suitable as a differentiation marker for both. This has never been known so far, and PGAM is recognized as a new marker for differentiation.
[0016]
Further, according to the present invention, it contains enolase, pyruvate kinase (PK), NADH, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), PGAM inhibitor (potassium tetrathionate, etc .: only for PGAM-B measurement), and further required Accordingly, a PGAM-B measurement reagent containing a substrate and a buffer can be provided, and this can be used as a DAT and VD discrimination agent. This reagent can also be marketed as a kit as Reagent 1 and Reagent 2 as illustrated in the Examples below.
[0017]
The measurement of PGAM-B has been described above. All PGAMs (sometimes simply referred to as PGAM or T-PGAM) also exhibit the same behavior as the B-type isozyme, and T-PGAM and PGAM-B are exactly the same as DAT. It can be used for VD identification.
[0018]
The T-PGAM measurement method is the same as in the case of the B-type isozyme except that an inhibitor is not used (the measurement principle is also the same as the measurement principle shown in Table 1 using an inhibitor). Except for (1) and except that (2) PGAM-B is replaced with T-PGAM), the reduction of NADH may be measured by a rate assay method. Similarly, T-PGAM measurement can also be used to differentiate between DAT and VD. In this case, it can measure without using an inhibitor, and is highly effective in distinguishing both.
[0019]
The T-PGAM measurement reagent and the same kit are the same as in the case of the B-type isozyme except that an inhibitor is used. For the same reason as described above, this is also used to distinguish DAT and VD. It can be used very effectively as a reagent for use.
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
[0020]
[Example 1]
According to the work procedure and conditions shown in Table 2 below, blood PGAM values were measured using a Hitachi 7150 automatic analyzer for serum samples. The subjects were 68 Alzheimer-type dementia (DAT) patients and 54 vascular dementia (VD) patients, and there was no significant difference in the degree of dementia or the average age. All specimens were collected early in the morning on an empty stomach.
[0021]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004143160
[0022]
As the measurement reagent, Reagent 1 (R-1) and Reagent 2 (R-2) having the following composition were used.
[0023]
Figure 0004143160
[0024]
Figure 0004143160
[0025]
Reagent 1 (R-1) 250 μl and serum sample 5 μl were mixed and left for 5 minutes. Subsequently, the activity of PGAM was measured using Reagent 2 (R-2).
Since reagent 2 (R-2) contains glyceric acid-3-phosphate (substrate), 41 μl of reagent 2 was added to start the reaction (substrate start). The measurement started about 1.5 minutes after the addition of reagent 2.
[0026]
Hitachi 7150 automatic analyzer was used for the measurement, the assay code was set to RATE-A: 32-39, the measurement temperature was set to 37 ° C., and the decrease in absorbance A340 nm due to the decrease in NADH was measured for about 1.5 minutes. The subwavelength was measured at 405 nm.
[0027]
One unit of enzyme (1 U: 1 unit) was defined as the amount of enzyme that decreased 1 μmol of NADH per minute at 37 ° C. The actual measured value was obtained by multiplying the rate assay value by a calibration factor (K FACTOR). The obtained results are shown in FIG.
[0028]
As is clear from the results, the blood PGAM value was 37.7 ± 22.3 U / l in DAT and V2.1 was 52.1 ± 37.6 U / l, showing a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05, t-test). The present inventors set 22-60 U / l as a normal range from data of 50 healthy subjects and 227 outpatients (6-89 years old) whose routine examinations are within the normal range. In DAT, 8 cases (12%) were high and 10 cases (14%) were low. On the other hand, in VD, 13 cases (24%) showed a high value, but only one case (2%) showed a low value, which was higher in VD than DAT.
[0029]
From the above results, it was clarified that the blood PGAM value has a significant difference between both dementias and can be used to differentiate both dementia diseases, and it was proved that the PGAM value can be used as a differentiation marker for both.
[0030]
[Example 2]
The effect of potassium tetrathionate on PGAM-B and PGAM-M was examined by automated analysis. As samples, B-type and M-type standards (both pooled serum bases) were used and diluted with physiological saline to prepare 1/1 to 1/8 samples. Various concentrations of potassium tetrathionate were added to these samples and allowed to react for 5 minutes, and then the amounts of B-type and M-type PGAM were measured using an automatic analysis method.
[0031]
Using the reagent of Example 1, the amounts of PGAM-B and PGAM-M were measured by automatic analysis, and the results shown in Table 3 below were obtained. As is apparent from the results, it was found that only the M-type isozyme was specifically inactivated by potassium tetrathionate, and the B-type isozyme was not affected at all.
[0032]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004143160
[0033]
[Example 3]
The serum sample used in Example 1 was measured for PGAM activity using potassium tetrathionate as an M-type PGAM isozyme inhibitor. As a measurement reagent, potassium tetrathionate (molecular weight 302.4) was added and dissolved in the PGAM activity measurement reagent (R-1) used in Example 1 so as to be 2.25 mM (final concentration 1.9 mM) ( (R-1) 15 mg of potassium tetrathionate was dissolved in 22 ml of the reagent), the M-type was deactivated, and a B-type PGAM activity measuring reagent was prepared.
[0034]
250 μl of a solution in which potassium tetrathionate was added and dissolved in Reagent 1 (R-1) and 5 μl of a serum sample were mixed and allowed to stand for 5 minutes. In the meantime, M-type (and MB-type) PGAM in the serum sample was inactivated and inhibited. Hereinafter, the activity of B-type PGAM was measured using Reagent 2 (R-2).
As a result, as in the case of T-PGAM, the B-PGAM value was higher in VD than in DAT, indicating that B-PGAM can be used to distinguish both.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
By measuring PGAM (same for B-PGAM) according to the present invention, it becomes possible to distinguish DAT and VD quickly and accurately, enabling accurate early diagnosis of both and accurate dementia. Can be treated from an early stage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows blood PGAM concentration in Alzheimer type dementia (DAT) and vascular dementia (VD).

Claims (8)

血清中のホスホグリセリン酸ムターゼ(PGAM)又はそのB型アイソザイム測定試薬からなり、アルツハイマー型痴呆(DAT)と血管性痴呆(VD)とを鑑別するものであること、を特徴とする痴呆症鑑別試薬。  A serum phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM) or its type B isozyme measurement reagent, which distinguishes Alzheimer-type dementia (DAT) from vascular dementia (VD) . PGAM測定試薬が、エノラーゼ、ピルビン酸キナーゼ、NADH、乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼを含有するものであること、を特徴とする請求項1に記載の試薬。  The reagent according to claim 1, wherein the PGAM measurement reagent contains enolase, pyruvate kinase, NADH, or lactate dehydrogenase. B型アイソザイム測定試薬がPGAM阻害剤を含有すること、を特徴とする請求項1〜2のいずれか1項に記載の試薬。  The reagent according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the B type isozyme measuring reagent contains a PGAM inhibitor. PGAM阻害剤がポリチオン酸、又はそのカリウム塩、又はナトリウム塩であること、を特徴とする請求項3に記載の試薬。  The reagent according to claim 3, wherein the PGAM inhibitor is polythioic acid, or a potassium salt or a sodium salt thereof. PGAM阻害剤が四チオン酸のカリウム塩及び/又はナトリウム塩であること、を特徴とする請求項4に記載の試薬。  The reagent according to claim 4, wherein the PGAM inhibitor is a potassium salt and / or a sodium salt of tetrathionic acid. 請求項1〜2のいずれか1項に記載の試薬を用いて、人体から採取した後の血液中のPGAMをレートアッセイ法によって測定すること、を特徴とする痴呆症の識別方法。  A method for identifying dementia, characterized in that PGAM in blood after being collected from a human body is measured by a rate assay method using the reagent according to claim 1. 請求項1〜2のいずれか1項に記載の試薬及びPGAM阻害剤を用いて、人体から採取した後の血液を処理した後、PGAM B アイソザイムをレートアッセイ法によって測定すること、を特徴とする痴呆症の識別方法。Using reagents and PGAM inhibitor according to any one of claims 1-2, after processing the blood after collecting from a human body, characterized in that, to measure the B-type isozyme of PGAM by the rate assay A method for identifying dementia. PGAM又はそのB型アイソザイムからなり、アルツハイマー型痴呆(DAT)と血管性痴呆(VD)とを鑑別する、痴呆症の鑑別用マーカー。  A marker for differentiating dementia, comprising PGAM or its type B isozyme, which distinguishes Alzheimer-type dementia (DAT) from vascular dementia (VD).
JP05912798A 1998-02-25 1998-02-25 Dementia detection reagent Expired - Lifetime JP4143160B2 (en)

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