JP4136720B2 - Multi-axis screw conveyor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multi-axis screw conveyor that can be used as a soil removal device for various shield machines, a general-purpose vertical conveyor, or a gravel pump.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The conventional multi-axis screw conveyor is mainly composed of two screws arranged in parallel to each other and an outer cylinder that rotatably accommodates these two screws, and the blade thickness and blade formation Both screws with different directions and directions of rotation are rotated by a drive motor, and the structure is such that the earth and sand taken into the outer cylinder can be conveyed by the screw feeding action over the range where the blades of both screws abut and overlap. Are known from US Pat.
As a means for maintaining the water-stopping property of this type of multi-axis screw conveyor, the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft of one of the screws is covered with a sealing material, and the peripheral end surface of the other blade is brought into contact with the sealing material to rotate. A structure that stops water between the shaft and the blade (Patent Document 1), and the blade of the other screw is thickened so that it fits into the gap of one pitch between the thin blade of one screw and the thin blade. The structure (patent document 2) which fills up the clearance gap of the superposition | polymerization part of the blade | wings of the screw of a book is proposed.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-252392 (page 3-4, FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-331591 (page 3-5, FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional multi-axis screw conveyor described above has the following problems.
<A> Due to the wear action caused by fine sand in the sand between the blades of the screw and the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder, and the wear action caused by biting gravel at the contact point of the two blades, The peripheral edge of the screw blade and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder are likely to wear.
<B> If the above-mentioned wear is left unattended, there is a problem that the water stoppage is impaired.
<C> If hard metal is used for the blades of the screw and the material of the outer cylinder, the problem of wear can be solved, but the problem of increased cost remains.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a multi-axis screw conveyor capable of ensuring both sealing performance and improving durability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a multi-axis screw conveyor that allows easy replacement of consumable parts.
The present invention achieves at least one of these objects.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention rotatably accommodates a plurality of screws having different spiral blade formation directions in an outer cylinder, and the spiral blades of each screw and the blades. is fitted the other wing between, in a multiple screw conveyor for conveying giving reverse rotation to each screw, the spiral sealing material provided on both corners of the peripheral edge portion of one or both of the blades of the screw, the In any of the multi-axis screw conveyors, a flow path for supplying fluid to a chamber partitioned between the peripheral end of the screw blade and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder is formed. .
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described multi-axis screw conveyor, one or both of the rotating shafts of the screw are covered with an elastic seal layer capable of coming into contact with a peripheral end portion of a blade facing the screw. It is.
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that in any of the above-described multi-axis screw conveyors, the spiral seal material provided on the blades of the screw is divided and can be replaced in units of the divided seal materials. is there.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0008]
<A> Overall Configuration of Multi-Axis Screw Conveyor FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a multi-axis screw conveyor.
The multi-axis screw conveyor on which the present invention is premised is a main driving screw 10, a driven screw 20 arranged in parallel therewith, an outer cylinder 30 having a bowl-shaped cross-section covering both the screws 10, 20, and both. Rotating means for applying a rotational force to the screws 10 and 20. Hereinafter, each main part will be described in detail.
[0009]
<B> The screw main drive screw 10 is composed of a rotating shaft 11 and a thin blade 12 spirally provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 11, and the driven screw 20 is also spirally thick on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 21. The meat blade 22 is provided.
Each screw 10, 20 has not only the thickness of the blades 12, 22 but also the spiral direction and the rotation direction are opposite to each other.
The rear portions of the rotary shafts 11 and 22 of the screws 10 and 20 that desire the discharge port 31 omit the blades 12 and 22 so that the earth and sand can be discharged from the discharge port 31.
The screws 10 and 20 have the other blade 22 inserted between the blades 12 and 12, and the peripheral end surfaces of the blades 12 and 22 are in contact with the peripheral surfaces of the opposed rotating shafts 11 and 21, and are adjacent to each other. The side end surfaces of the blades 12 and 22 are in contact with each other to ensure water blocking. Details of the water stop structure of both screws 10 and 20 will be described later.
[0010]
In front of the rotating shaft 11 of the main driving screw 10 (left side in the figure) is a rotating shaft 41 having blades 42 in the same direction as the blades 12 of the conveying screw 40 accommodated in the single cylinder 43, and a known pin connection or uneven fitting. It is detachably connected via a joint means.
The multi-axis screw conveyor can be disassembled for maintenance and inspection, and is connected not only between the outer cylinder 30 and the single cylinder 43 but also with the bolts or the like so that the outer cylinder 30 itself can be separated and assembled. .
[0011]
The rear ends of the rotary shafts 11 and 21 of the screws 10 and 20 are connected to the motors 45 and 45 via the gear transmission mechanism 44 so that a predetermined rotation can be applied to the screws 10 and 20. Yes. The motor 45 that rotationally drives the screws 10 and 20 may be used as a single unit.
[0012]
<C> Seal structure In the multi-axis screw conveyor according to the present invention, the seal structure described below is adopted at a plurality of locations.
As shown in FIG. 2, one of them is to cover the peripheral surfaces of the rotating shafts 11 and 21 of the screws 10 and 20 with elastic seal layers 14 and 24, and the peripheral end surfaces of the blades 12 and 22 are the elastic seal layers 14 and 24. 24 is brought into contact (elastic contact) with each other to seal between the peripheral end surfaces of the blades 12 and 22 of the screws 10 and 20 and the peripheral surfaces of the rotary shafts 11 and 21.
The elastic seal layers 14 and 24 may be made of an elastic material such as rubber or resin, and may be bonded so that they can be replaced when worn.
[0013]
In addition, spiral seal members 15 and 25 are provided at the peripheral end portions of one or both of the blades 12 and 22 of the main drive screw 10 or the driven screw 20, and each of the blades 12 and 22 is connected to the spiral seal members 15 and 25. The space between the inner peripheral surfaces of the opposed outer cylinders 30 is sealed.
Further, by providing the spiral sealing materials 15 and 25 at both corners (edge portions) of the peripheral end portion straddling both the side surfaces and the peripheral surfaces of the blades 12 and 22, a space between the contact portions of the adjacent blades 12 and 22 is provided. It is also sealed together.
As a result, a plurality of chambers 32 having high sealing performance partitioned by the rotary shafts 11 and 21 and the blades 12 and 22 are formed in the outer cylinder 30.
[0014]
As shown in enlarged views in FIGS. 3 and 4, the spiral seal members 15, 25 are seal bodies 15 a, 25 a that can be accommodated in recesses 12 a, 22 a formed by cutting out the corners of the peripheral ends of the blades 12, 22; It comprises sharp lips 15b and 25b integrally formed along the outer periphery of the seal bodies 15a and 25a.
The seal bodies 15a and 25a are installed in the recesses 12a and 22a, and the sharp lips 15b and 25b protruding from the seal bodies 15a and 25a are in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 30 so that they can be sealed. It is set.
These spiral sealing materials 15 and 25 may be made of an elastic material such as rubber or resin, and may be bonded so that they can be replaced when worn.
[0015]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a highly sealable chamber 33 defined by a pair of spiral seal members 15 and 15 is formed between the peripheral end surface of the blade 12 of the main screw 10 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 30. In addition, a liquid such as grease can be supplied into the chamber 33 through a flow path 12b formed in communication from the shaft side.
[0016]
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the driven screw 20 is similarly a chamber 34 having a high sealing performance defined by a pair of spiral seal members 25, 25 between the peripheral end surface of the blade 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 30. In this chamber 34, a liquid such as grease can be supplied through a flow path 22b formed in communication with the shaft side.
[0017]
FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion where the blade 22 of the driven screw 20 enters and abuts between the blade 12 of the adjacent main drive screw 10 and the blade 12, and the contact portion between the adjacent blades 12, 22. In the meantime, the side surfaces of the seal bodies 15a and 25a of the spiral seal materials 15 and 25 are in contact with each other to ensure a high seal.
[0018]
The material of the elastic seal layers 14 and 24, the total length and thickness in the axial direction, and the total length and width dimensions of the spiral seal materials 15 and 25 are design matters that are appropriately selected according to the type and properties of the conveyed product. Yes, it is not limited to this example.
[0019]
<D> Earth and sand conveying method Next, the earth and sand conveying action by the multi-axis screw conveyor will be described.
When the motors 45 and 45 shown in FIG. 1 are driven, the screws 10 and 20 rotate in the opposite directions in the directions indicated by the arrows, and the conveying screw 40 rotates.
Thereby, the earth and sand in the conveying screw 40 is taken into the outer cylinder 30, conveyed by the blades 12 and 22 of both the screws 10 and 20 in the outer cylinder 30, and discharged from the discharge port 31.
[0020]
In transporting earth and sand by the multi-axis screw conveyor, fine sand is provided between the rotating shaft 11 of the main driving screw 10 and the blade 22 of the driven screw 20 and between the blade 12 of the main driving screw 10 and the rotating shaft 21 of the driven screw 20. When the minute bite is caught, the elastic seal layers 14 and 24 covering the rotating shafts 11 and 21 are elastically deformed to allow the fine sand to pass with a small resistance. 24 is restored by self-elasticity to restore high sealing performance.
[0021]
3 and 4, since the spiral sealing materials 15 and 25 seal between the peripheral ends of the blades 12 and 22 of the screws 10 and 20 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 30, the chambers 33 and It is possible to prevent wear due to biting by preventing the fine sand from entering the inside 34. In particular, by forcibly supplying a liquid such as grease into the chambers 33 and 34 through the flow paths 12b and 22b, good sealing performance can be maintained even when the transport pressure of the earth and sand is high.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the gap between the wrap portions of the blades 12 and 22 of the screws 10 and 20 is closed by the side surfaces of the spiral seal materials 15 and 25, so that high sealing performance can be obtained for the wrap portions. Can be held. Even if fine sand of sand and sand enters during this time, the spiral seal members 15 and 25 are elastically deformed to prevent the blades 12 and 22 from being worn by biting.
[0022]
As described above, between the rotating shafts 11 and 21 of the screws 10 and 20 and the blades 12 and 22, between the outer cylinder 30 and the peripheral end surfaces of the blades 12 and 22 of the screws 20 and 30, and both the blades 12 and 22. Since the elastic sealing layers 14 and 24 and the spiral sealing materials 15 and 25 are interposed between them, not only can the sealing performance be secured, but also the wear can be effectively prevented since the metals are not in direct contact with each other.
Also, the worn elastic seal layers 14 and 24 and the spiral seal materials 15 and 25 can be replaced with new ones periodically or as necessary.
When replacing these sealing materials, it is only necessary to bond the elastic sealing layers 14 and 24 and the spiral sealing materials 15 and 25, so the operation is simple and short.
[0023]
<E> Another Example of Spiral Seal FIG. 6 shows another mounting structure of the spiral seal members 15 and 25.
In this example, the cross-sectional shape of the recesses 12a and 22a of the blades 12 and 22 constituting the screws 10 and 20 and the shape of the contact surfaces of the seal bodies 15a and 25a of the spiral seal members 15 and 25 are formed in a corrugated shape. It has an increased adhesion area with the main bodies 15a and 25a, and has an advantage that the adhesive force of the spiral sealing materials 15 and 25 is increased and is difficult to be peeled off as compared with the above-described embodiment.
[0024]
<F> Other embodiment 1 of water stop structure
The case where the elastic seal layers 14 and 24 are provided on the rotary shafts 11 and 21 of the screws 10 and 20 has been described above. However, the elastic seal layer 14 may be provided only on the rotary shaft 11 of the main driving screw 1.
[0025]
<G> Other embodiment 2 of water stop structure
As shown in FIG. 7, the spiral seal members 15 and 25 are constituted by a plurality of divided bodies, and each of these divided bodies is assembled to the blades 12 and 22 of the screws 10 and 20 with bolts 50 so as to be exchangeable. Good.
A split body of the spiral seal members 15 and 25 is fitted into a central mounting groove 52 of a steel split base 51 attached to the blades 12 and 22 with bolts 50, and the split base 51 and the spiral seal members 15 and 25 are split. A pair of bodies is assembled and disassembled in this unit.
In this example, the replacement time of the spiral sealing materials 15 and 25 can be further shortened as compared with the bonding means that requires a curing period.
In addition to the material of the main body of the blades 12 and 22, the split base stopper 51 and the spiral seal members 15 and 25 constituting the water stop device can be changed to materials having excellent wear resistance, so that wear is expected in advance. When it is applied to the part, the durability of the multi-axis screw conveyor is improved. It is suitable for transporting earth and sand with much gravel, which has been considered to be severely worn.
This assembly structure of the divided body may be employed not only over a part of the blades 12 and 22 but also over the entire length thereof.
In this example, a configuration is shown in which two lips are formed on the spiral seal members 15 and 25, and a liquid such as grease can be supplied between the lips through the flow paths 12b and 22b. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, two spiral seal materials 15, 15, 25, 25 having a single lip may be assembled and supplied between them.
[0026]
<H> Application example of multi-axis screw conveyor When the multi-axis screw conveyor described above is used as the earthing means of the shield machine, it is suitable for construction of large sections and deep tunnels because of its high water-stopping properties. In addition, there is no need to provide a pressure adjusting valve or pump.
The multi-axis screw conveyor can be applied to general earth and sand conveyance, and the object to be conveyed may be other than earth and sand.
Further, the direction of the multi-axis screw conveyor can be inclined horizontally or vertically, and the direction is not limited.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following effects.
<A> Not only can a high sealing performance be ensured without using hard metal for the blades of the screw and the material of the outer cylinder, but also the durability can be improved due to the reduced wear of the screw and outer cylinder.
<B> It is possible to solve the problem of ensuring sealing performance and wear at low cost.
<C> Supplying fluid such as grease into the chamber between the blades of the screw and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder increases the effect of preventing the entry of fine sand in the earth and sand, and the sealing performance and durability are remarkably improved. improves.
<D> Replacement of the sealing material does not take time and effort, and repair of consumable parts becomes easy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a multi-axis screw conveyor according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of a spiral seal material provided on a main drive screw. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 2. FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the main part showing another mounting form of the spiral sealing material. Partial enlarged sectional view of the main part showing another mounting form of a spiral seal material
10 .. Main drive screw 20 .. Drive screw 11, 21 .. Rotating shaft 12, 22 .. Blade 14, 24 .. Elastic seal layer 15, 25 .. Spiral seal material 30. , 33, 34 · · · chamber 40 · · conveying screw 50 · · bolt 51 · · split base

Claims (3)

A plurality of screws having different spiral blade formation directions are rotatably accommodated in the outer cylinder, and the other blades are inserted between the spiral blades of each screw, and each screw is reversed. In a multi-axis screw conveyor that conveys with direction rotation,
Provide a spiral seal material at both corners of the peripheral edge of one or both blades of the screw,
A flow path for supplying a fluid to a chamber partitioned between a peripheral end portion of the blade of the screw and an inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder is formed .
Multi-axis screw conveyor.   The multi-axis screw conveyor according to claim 1, wherein one or both of the rotating shafts of the screw are covered with an elastic seal layer capable of coming into contact with a peripheral end portion of a blade opposed to the rotating shaft. Dividing the helical sealing material provided on the wing of the screw, characterized in that the replaceable configured in units of the divided seal member, polyaxial screw conveyor according to claim 1 or claim 2.

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