JP4134185B2 - Mist supply device and mist supply method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mist supply device and a mist supply method, and more particularly to a mist supply device and a mist supply method for supplying a cutting fluid to a machining part of a machine tool.

  When machining, such as cutting, cutting, and grinding a workpiece with a machine tool, the machining of the workpiece with a tool should be lubricated, and the workpiece can be cooled with the heat generated by machining. Cutting fluid is supplied to the machined part of the machine. As this cutting fluid, conventionally, an emulsion-based cutting fluid in which oil is dispersed in water using a surfactant or an emulsifier has been widely used, and it is generally supplied to the processing part so as to be poured. It is. In recent years, a method (MQL) in which oil mist obtained by atomizing a cutting oil is sprayed on a processing part is also known.

  Furthermore, it has also been proposed to spray water droplets with an oil film in which an oil film is formed on the surface of the water droplets onto a processing part (for example, see Patent Document 1). In the water droplet mixer with an oil film, first, the oil supplied from the outside is atomized in the oil atomizing chamber to generate an oil mist, and then the water droplets that are converted into water droplets in the water droplet forming chamber provided downstream thereof The oil mist is sprayed on and attached to the surface to form water droplets with an oil film, and the water droplets with an oil film are discharged from the top nozzle via the supply passage.

JP 2004-136419 A

  However, when emulsion-type cutting fluid is poured into the machined part, a large pump is required to inject and circulate a large amount of cutting fluid, and the power consumption for that is the total power consumption for machining. There was a problem of occupying a large proportion of 30 to 40%. In particular, an excessive amount of cutting fluid is poured over the amount necessary for lubrication and cooling of the machined portion, which is a big problem in that a large amount of energy is consumed in a wasteful manner. In addition, the working environment deteriorates due to the scattering of the cutting fluid that is sprayed, the bad odor is caused by the decay of the cutting fluid that is circulated, and the labor and cost for processing a large amount of waste fluid of the deteriorated cutting fluid and cleaning the waste fluid tank. There was also a problem. In addition, while the chips are transported from the factory and temporarily accumulated in the chip yard, the cutting fluid adhering to the chips may ooze out. The fear of contamination was also a concern.

  In addition, when oil mist is sprayed, the amount of oil to be used is not circulated in a very small amount, so that the labor and cost of disposal can be reduced and the lubrication effect by oil can be obtained, but the processing part is cooled. Since there is almost no action, there is a problem that it is not suitable for heavy machining in which a large load is applied to a tool or workpiece. Furthermore, since the diameter of the oil mist is as small as several μm and easily diffuses in the air, there is a problem that the ratio of reaching the processed portion is small and the waste of used oil is large. In addition, the work environment is contaminated by the diffused oil mist, which may harm the health of the worker, and may cause malfunction of the equipment or a fire. Moreover, when providing the apparatus which collects oil mist in order to prevent this, the capital investment was needed and there existed a problem that a new energy consumption also arises.

  Furthermore, when water droplets with an oil film are sprayed, the oil on the surface of the water droplets has the advantage of having a lubricating effect and the water droplets inside have a cooling effect, but there is room for improvement in the following points. That is, a water droplet with an oil film is formed by first forming an oil droplet, then separately spraying water to form a water droplet, and spraying the oil droplet on this to combine the oil droplet and the water droplet. Therefore, the diameter is as large as 100 to 200 μm. For this reason, the linearity is high and the machined part can be reached, but it is difficult to effectively act on the machined part when the machined part is behind a workpiece or a presser fitting. Also, because of the large diameter, it is difficult to pass through the supply pipeline from the water droplet mixer with an oil film to the spray port, especially when the pipeline is bent or curved, it collides with the road wall with inertial force, The oil film sometimes broke. Once the oil film is broken, only the water is often sprayed from the top nozzle, and water droplets with no oil film formed on the surface cannot provide a sufficient lubricating effect. In addition, the formation of water droplets with an oil film required a specially shaped nozzle (water droplet mixer with an oil film), and new capital investment was also required.

  Therefore, in view of the above circumstances, the present invention can reduce the risk of environmental pollution, reduce energy consumption, and supply a cutting fluid mist excellent in a lubricating effect and a cooling effect to a processing portion of a machine tool. An object of the present invention is to provide a mist supply apparatus and a mist supply method that can be configured and have a simple configuration.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the mist supply device according to the present invention includes: a physical dispersion unit that physically disperses oil in water without using a surfactant or an emulsifier and forms a cutting fluid; An atomizing means for generating a mist having an oil film formed on the surface of an emulsion droplet in which oil is dispersed in water, a cutting fluid introducing means for introducing the cutting fluid into the atomizing means, and the mist And a supply means for supplying to the machining section of the machine tool ”.

"Physical dispersion means" "exerts ultrasonic vibrations to a liquid obtained by mixing water and oil" is configured. In the “oil dispersed in water” state, the oil particle size may be uniform or non-uniform. Further, the cutting fluid oil in water by physical dispersing means is obtained are dispersed, the Ru is introduced into the atomizing means below it immediately.

  As the “water”, normal tap water, well water, distilled water and the like can be used. As the “oil”, vegetable oils, mineral oils, and synthetic oils and fats can be used, but vegetable oils and synthetic ester oils and fats that are excellent in biodegradability are desirable.

  The configuration of the “atomizing means” is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a configuration of “introducing cutting fluid into the nozzle and spraying with compressed gas” and a configuration of “atomizing by applying ultrasonic waves to the cutting fluid”. .

  The configuration of the “supplying unit” is not particularly limited. For example, a configuration in which “the generated mist is sent and conveyed with a pressurized gas” can be employed. Further, the supply means may also serve as the atomizing means, as in the case of the configuration of “spraying the cutting fluid from the nozzle and supplying it to the processing portion while being misted”.

"Cutting fluid introducing means", "capacitively the bath to disperse the oil in water with constant closed system, the tank amount corresponding cutting fluid water or oil is introduced is been in fed extruded into" the configuration. In addition, as in the configuration of “suctioning cutting fluid using negative pressure generated when high-pressure gas is sent and delivered by the atomizing means or the supply means”, the atomizing means or the supply means, or its Both may serve as cutting fluid introducing means.

  The generated “mist” is easy to diffuse into the air if the diameter is small, the rate of reaching the machined part is small, the waste of the cutting fluid used is increased, and the work environment is contaminated. The health of the person may be harmed, or the equipment may be damaged. On the other hand, when the diameter of the mist is large, the straightness is high and the machined part can be reached. On the other hand, when the machined part is behind a work piece or a clamp, it is difficult to effectively act on the machined part. It becomes. Furthermore, it is necessary to consider the size of the mist depending on the number of rotations of the tool. In other words, if the diameter of the mist is small, it is easy to be blown by the wind generated by the rotation of the tool, and conversely, if the diameter of the mist is large, the weight increases, so that a large centrifugal force acts on the rotating tool and is blown off. As a result, the adhesion efficiency to the tool is reduced. Considering the above, the diameter of the mist that is not too small and not too large is preferably about 10 to 20 μm.

  Here, in the present invention, the principle of generating “a mist in which an oil film is formed on the surface of an emulsion droplet in which oil is dispersed in water” will be described. For example, when a conventional emulsion-based cutting fluid in which oil is dispersed in water using a surfactant is atomized, mist is formed in the process schematically shown in FIG. it is conceivable that. That is, in the cutting fluid in which the oil O is dispersed in the water W as shown in (e), each oil Y particle Y is surrounded by the surfactant S as shown in (h). Dispersed in water W. Therefore, when atomized into small droplets, as shown in (f), even if the oil Y particles Y having a low surface tension exist on the surface of the droplets and try to spread on the surface of the droplets, Since it is surrounded by the surfactant S, it cannot spread. As a result, the mist formed has no oil film on the surface of the droplet, as shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, in the present invention, mist is formed in the process as schematically shown in FIG. In other words, in the present invention, oil is physically dispersed in water without using a surfactant or an emulsifier to form an emulsion-based cutting fluid. Therefore, as shown in FIG. It is dispersed in water W in the state. Therefore, when atomized into small droplets, as shown in (b), the oil O present on the surface of the droplet spreads to the surface of the droplet because the surface tension is smaller than that of water, and (c) As shown in FIG. 2, a mist M in which an oil film is formed on the surface of the emulsion droplets is formed. (D) is an enlarged schematic view of a drop X of the mist M in (C). In addition, in the emulsion of the cutting fluid, the finer the particles of the oil O, the longer the dispersibility is maintained. However, when oil O having a large diameter is mixed at a certain ratio, the dispersibility is improved. While maintaining, a thick oil film is formed by the large-diameter oil O, which is more desirable.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, a mist having an oil film formed on the surface is generated only by atomizing the cutting fluid, and the mist is supplied to the machined portion of the machine tool so that the tool on the mist surface can be The machining of the workpiece can be made lubricous, and the processing part that becomes high temperature due to heat generated by the machining can be cooled by the moisture contained in the emulsion droplets inside the mist.

  In addition, it is possible to generate a mist with an oil film formed on the surface only by atomizing the cutting fluid, so that it can be configured using a general-purpose device without using a special device. Supply device.

  Further, since the cutting fluid is supplied as a mist rather than being poured onto the machined portion of the machine tool, the problem of the cutting fluid scattering in the working environment can be solved. In addition, since a high-power pump for injecting and circulating the cutting fluid is unnecessary, energy consumption can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, since the mist formed with a small amount of water and oil is supplied, water or oil is not excessively supplied to the processed portion. In addition, since it is not used in a circulating manner, it is possible to avoid the problem of bad odor due to the decay of cutting fluid and the problem of waste liquid treatment. In addition, the amount of cutting fluid adhering to the chip is very small, and even if the cutting fluid exudes from the chip, no highly harmful surfactant or emulsifier is used, so there is little risk of environmental pollution. It becomes.

  Also, as described above with reference to FIG. 2 (a), the oil is dispersed in water in advance and the cutting fluid that has become an emulsion is atomized only once, resulting in a mist with an oil film formed. The diameter of the mist can be reduced as compared with a water droplet with an oil film (Patent Document 1) generated by combining the generated oil droplets and water droplets. This makes it easy for the mist to reach the machined part and the machined part behind the presser fitting, and even when supplying the mist to the machined part of the machine tool via the pipe line, It will be easy to pass.

  In addition, even if the mist collides with the pipe wall and the oil film on the surface breaks once, the cutting fluid itself is an emulsion in which water and oil are dispersed without using a surfactant. When the liquid is pushed out from the tip of the liquid to form a liquid droplet, the oil existing on the surface spreads over the surface of the liquid droplet through the processes (b) to (c) shown in FIG. Become a mist.

Further, mist supply device of the present invention, "the physical dispersion means comprises an ultrasonic transducer" is intended. As the ultrasonic vibrator, a magnetostrictive vibrator or an electrostrictive vibrator can be used, and an ultrasonic horn for amplifying ultrasonic waves generated by the vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator can be connected.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to disperse oil in water more efficiently than in the case of using a rotor, a static mixer, or the like, by dispersing oil in water using fine vibration caused by ultrasonic waves. In addition, since the oil particles are small and water and oil are difficult to separate, it becomes a stable cutting fluid in a dispersed state, so ultrasonic irradiation is intermittent and the cost for oil dispersion can be reduced. . In addition, it is necessary to process a plate material with a lot of fine holes, such as when applying a high pressure to a liquid in which water and oil are mixed and forcibly passing through the pores to disperse, It is not necessary to provide a pump or the like for applying oil, and it is possible to disperse oil in water with reduced cost and energy consumption.

  Furthermore, since oil particles can be made smaller, more oil can be dispersed in water than conventional emulsion-based cutting fluids that are dispersed using a surfactant or the like. Thereby, for example, in the case of heavy machining, it is possible to change the characteristics of the cutting fluid according to the machining conditions, such as increasing the ratio of oil in the cutting fluid.

  Next, the mist supply method according to the present invention is as follows: “Emulsion droplets in which oil is dispersed in water by atomizing a cutting fluid in which oil is physically dispersed in water without using a surfactant or an emulsifier. A mist having an oil film formed on the surface thereof is generated, and the mist is supplied to the machined portion of the machine tool.

Therefore, according to the present invention, a mist in which an oil film is formed on the surface of emulsion droplets is generated by an extremely simple method of atomizing a cutting fluid in which oil is physically dispersed in water in advance. By supplying this to the machining part of the machine tool, the above-described various excellent effects can be obtained .

  As described above, as an effect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the risk of environmental pollution, reduce energy consumption, and supply a cutting fluid mist excellent in lubrication effect and cooling effect to the processing part of the machine tool. And the mist supply apparatus and mist supply method with a simple structure can be provided.

Hereinafter, a mist supply device and a mist supply method according to the best embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 (a) and FIGS . Here, FIG. 1 (a) is an explanatory view showing the configuration of the mist supply device of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing the mist generation process in the present invention as described above. 3 is a graph showing the cutting resistance and the total power consumption when the mist is supplied by the mist supply device of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the steps of the mist supply method of the present embodiment, and FIG. It is the schematic diagram which compared the magnitude | size of the mist produced | generated with a form with the mist by a conventional method.

  First, the configuration of the mist supply device 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as “supply device 1”) of the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1A, the supply device 1 includes a physical dispersion unit 10 that physically disperses oil in water to obtain a cutting fluid, and a cutting fluid introduction unit that introduces the cutting fluid into the atomizing unit 30. 20 and a supply means 40 for atomizing the cutting fluid and generating a mist in which an oil film is formed on the surface of an emulsion droplet in which oil is dispersed in water and supplying the mist to a machined portion of a machine tool An atomizing means 30 is provided.

  More specifically, the physical dispersion means 10 includes an ultrasonic transducer 18 that generates ultrasonic waves, and an ultrasonic horn 19 that is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 18 and amplifies the generated ultrasonic waves. It is configured. The ultrasonic horn 19 is provided so as to be inserted into the second tank 12. The second tank 12 is provided inside the small first tank 11, and the internal space communicates with the first tank 11. 13 communicates. In addition, a water transfer pipe 61 is connected to the first tank 11 via a first metering pump 16, and an oil transfer pipe 62 is connected to the second tank 12 via a second metering pump 17. . Note that the tip of the ultrasonic horn 19 is positioned in the vicinity of the communication hole 13.

  The atomizing means 30 is configured to include a nozzle 32 and a compressed air feeding portion 31 that is connected to the nozzle 32 by a compressed air transfer pipe 64 and feeds compressed air to the nozzle 32. The nozzle 32 is connected to the first tank 11 by a cutting fluid transfer pipe 63.

  The first tank 11 and the second tank 12 are closed systems, and the cutting fluid corresponding to the amount of water and oil introduced through the first metering pump 16 and the second metering pump 17 is the first tank. 11 and is sent to the nozzle 32 through the cutting fluid transfer pipe 63. That is, in the present embodiment, the first metering pump 16 and the second metering pump 17 correspond to the cutting fluid introducing means 20 of the present invention.

  Next, a mist supply method (hereinafter simply referred to as “supply method”) using the supply device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, water is introduced into the first tank 11 by the first metering pump 16, and oil is introduced into the second tank 12 by the second metering pump 17. At this time, the amount of liquid sent by both metering pumps 16 and 17 is adjusted so that the flow rate of water and oil becomes a constant ratio. In this embodiment, the ratio of the oil with respect to water is controlled to 5-10 vol%. In the present embodiment, as the oil introduced into the second tank 12, biodegradable vegetable oil or ester synthetic fat is used.

  The water and oil introduced into the first tank 11 and the second tank 12 are in contact with each other in the vicinity of the communication hole 13, are generated by the ultrasonic vibrator 18, and have an ultrasonic horn 19 with the tip directed in the vicinity of the communication hole 13. In response to the irradiation of the ultrasonic wave amplified by the above, each particle is vibrated by the fine movement of the ultrasonic wave to obtain an emulsion in which oil is dispersed in water (step S1). In the present embodiment, an ultrasonic vibrator is vibrated with a combination of frequencies of 20 to 150 kHz, and an oil droplet having a diameter of 1 to 2 μm is dispersed in water.

  The emulsion liquid (cutting fluid) is pushed out of the first tank 11 as the first metering pump 16 and the second metering pump 17 introduce water and oil into the first tank 11 and the second tank 12, respectively. Then, it is introduced into the nozzle 32 through the cutting fluid transfer pipe 63 (step S2). The cutting fluid introduced into the nozzle 32 is extruded from the nozzle hole 33 of the nozzle 32 by the compressed air fed from the compressed air feeding section 31 through the compressed air transfer pipe 64, and is atomized. (Step S3). At the same time, the mist M is sprayed from the nozzle hole 33 and supplied to the machining portion near the tool T of the machine tool (step S4).

  Here, assuming that the conventional cutting fluid in which oil is dispersed in water using a surfactant is atomized by the same atomizing means 30 as described above, as described above with reference to FIG. In addition, the mist formed is an emulsion droplet in which no oil film is formed on the surface. When such a mist is supplied to the machined part of a machine tool, the first contact with the tool is water, and although it has a cooling property, the lubricity of the oil can be sufficiently applied to the tool. Can not. In contrast, in the mist M according to the present embodiment, as described above with reference to FIG. 2A, an oil film is formed on the surface of the emulsion droplets in which oil is dispersed in water. As a result, when the mist M is supplied to the processing part of the machine tool, the tool is first contacted with oil on the surface of the mist M to obtain a lubricating effect, and then the tool and The effect that the workpiece is cooled is obtained.

  In the present embodiment, a nozzle 32 that sprays a mist M having a diameter of about 10 to 20 μm is used. Here, when the mist M generated in the present embodiment and a general oil mist and water droplets with an oil film (Patent Document 1) are illustrated at a ratio substantially corresponding to the actual diameter, they are expressed as shown in FIG. Can do. Here, (a) is a water droplet with an oil film, (b) is an oil mist, and (c) is a mist M of this embodiment.

  Moreover, since the mist M produced | generated by this embodiment is formed so small that it is about 10-20 micrometers in diameter and is not spread | diffused in the air, it is easy to let a pipe pass, and it is a pipe line after atomizing cutting fluid It can also be set as the structure by which mist M is supplied to a process part via this. At this time, even if the mist M collides with the curved / curved pipe wall, and the oil film on the surface is broken once, when pushed out from the tip of the pipe, as shown in FIG. Through the steps (b) to (c) in a), the mist M is formed with an oil film again.

Next, the cutting resistance of the tool when the mist M is supplied to the machining part by the supply method of the present embodiment is shown in FIG. 3A compared with the case of the conventional supply method. In this graph, a conventional supply method (A) in which a cutting fluid in which oil is dispersed in water using a surfactant is poured onto a processing portion, and a supply method (in which oil mist is sprayed in recent years) The case of B) is compared with the supply method (C) of the present embodiment. The working conditions at this time are as follows.
<Working conditions>
Spindle speed 5400rpm
Cutting tool 12mmφ, 2-flute carbide end mill, radial cutting 6mm
Depth cut 9mm
Feed per tooth 0.1mm
Composition of mist (C) Water: oil = 95: 5 (vol)
Mist supply amount (B) (C): 50 ml / min

  As is apparent from the graph, in the case of oil mist, the cutting resistance of the tool increased compared to the conventional method (A) in which an emulsion type cutting fluid using a surfactant was poured. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the cutting resistance of the tool is smaller than that in the conventional method (A), and the amount of the cutting fluid supplied is very small as in the case of oil mist (B), but lubricity and cooling are reduced. It was thought that it was excellent in property. The cutting resistance was reduced by about 16% compared to the case where the emulsion cutting fluid using the surfactant was poured (A), and about 35% lower than when the oil mist was supplied (B).

Furthermore, a graph comparing the total power consumption when the machine tool is operated for a predetermined time with respect to the conventional method (A) in which the cutting fluid of the emulsion using the surfactant is poured and the supply method (C) of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. Here, the total power consumption is the sum of the electric power for operating the machine tool and the pump, and the machine conditions are as follows.
<Working conditions>
Spindle speed 20,000rpm
Cutting tool 20mmφ, 2 flute carbide end mill Radial cut 15mm
Depth of cut 2mm
Feed per tooth 0.15mm
Composition of mist (C) Water: oil = 95: 5 (vol)
Mist supply amount (C) 12.5ml / min

  According to the supply method (C) of the present embodiment, unlike the conventional method (A), there is no need for a high-power pump for injecting and circulating a large amount of cutting fluid, and the energy efficiency for dispersion is high. As the supply device 1 is composed of a sonic vibrator, a small pump for sending a small amount of water and oil, and the like, it is clear from the graph that energy consumption is reduced to 3/4 to 4/5 of the conventional method. can do.

In the above, the atomizing means 30 is illustrated a feed device 1 has a structure which also serves as a supply unit 40, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), may be each and another configuration. Here, the supply device 5 in FIG. 1B includes a physical dispersion unit 50 that physically disperses oil in water to obtain a cutting fluid, and an emulsion droplet in which the cutting fluid is atomized and the oil is dispersed in water. An atomizing means 30 for generating a mist having an oil film formed on its surface, a cutting fluid introducing means 20 for supplying a cutting fluid to the atomizing means 30, and a supplying means 40 for spraying the mist are provided. However, the configuration until the cutting fluid is introduced into the atomizing means 30 is different from the present invention. That is, the configuration of the physical dispersion unit 50 of the supply device 5 and the pump 21 as the cutting fluid introduction unit 20 is not included in the scope of the present invention.

  More specifically, the physical dispersion means 50 includes an ultrasonic transducer 58 that generates ultrasonic waves, and an ultrasonic horn 59 that is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 58 and amplifies the generated ultrasonic waves. It is configured. The tip of the ultrasonic horn 59 is immersed in the liquid in the dispersion tank 53 so as to be positioned slightly below the liquid surface. The dispersion tank 53 has a large capacity, and a water tank 51 containing water and an oil tank 52 containing oil are provided on both sides thereof. Here, the dispersion tank 53 and the water tank 51 are connected by a water transfer pipe 61 via a first metering pump 56, and the dispersion tank 53 and the oil tank 52 are connected by an oil transfer pipe 62 via a second metering pump 57. Connected with.

  The atomizing means 30 is constituted by an ultrasonic atomizer 36, and the cutting fluid introducing means 20 pumps the cutting fluid from the dispersion tank 53 and supplies the cutting fluid to the ultrasonic atomizer 36 through the cutting fluid transfer pipe 63. It is comprised by the pump 21 to send. Furthermore, the supply means 40 includes a low-pressure air inlet 41 that sends low-pressure air to the ultrasonic atomizer 36 via a low-pressure air transfer pipe 66.

  Next, the supply method using the supply apparatus 5 is demonstrated using FIG.1 (b) and FIG. First, water is introduced from the water tank 51 to the dispersion tank 53 by the first metering pump 56, and oil is introduced from the oil tank 52 to the dispersion tank 53 by the second metering pump 57. At this time, the amount of liquid pumped up by both metering pumps 56 and 57 is adjusted so that the flow rate of water and oil becomes a constant ratio. In addition, a level switch 54 is attached to the dispersion tank 53, and the first metering pump 56 and the second metering pump 57 are controlled so that the liquid amount is kept constant. In addition, the point which controls the ratio of the oil with respect to water to 5-10 vol%, and uses the biodegradable vegetable oil or ester synthetic fat as oil is the same as the above.

  The water and oil introduced into the dispersion tank 53 are generated by the ultrasonic vibrator 58, irradiated with the ultrasonic wave amplified by the ultrasonic horn 59, and each particle is vibrated by the fine movement of the ultrasonic wave. Thus, an emulsion is obtained in which oil is dispersed in water (step S1). Here, since the tip of the ultrasonic horn 59 is immersed so as to be positioned slightly below the liquid level of the dispersion tank 53, the oil that floats toward the liquid level is easily subjected to vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator. Disperse in water as small particles. Note that, similarly to the supply device 1 described above, an ultrasonic vibrator is vibrated at a frequency of 20 to 150 kHz, and an oil droplet having a diameter of 1 to 2 μm is dispersed in water. Further, since the dispersion state of the emulsion is stable, ultrasonic irradiation by the ultrasonic vibrator 58 can be intermittent.

  The emulsion liquid (cutting liquid) is pumped up from the dispersion tank 53 by the pump 21, and is introduced into the ultrasonic atomizer 36 through the cutting liquid transfer pipe 63 (step S2). The cutting fluid introduced into the ultrasonic atomizer 36 is atomized by being irradiated with ultrasonic waves to become mist M (step 3). In the ultrasonic atomizer 36 of the present embodiment, the cutting fluid is atomized by ultrasonic waves having a frequency of 75 to 150 kHz, and mist M having a diameter of about 10 to 20 μm is generated. The mist M is transported to the low-pressure air sent from the low-pressure air inlet 41 via the low-pressure air transfer pipe 66 and supplied to the machining part of the machine tool (step S4).

  As described above, according to the supply device and the supply method of the present embodiment, since oil is physically dispersed in water without using a surfactant or an emulsifier, when atomized into small droplets, In addition, oil that is present on the surface of the emulsion and has a surface tension smaller than that of water spreads on the surface of the droplets, and a mist having an oil film formed on the surface can be generated. And the process in the process part of a machine tool can be lubricated with the oil of the surface of a mist, and the tool and workpiece | work which become high temperature for the heat_generation | fever accompanying a process can be cooled with the water inside a mist.

  In addition, since the emulsion droplets inside the mist are in a state where oil is dispersed in water without using a surfactant or the like, the oil film on the surface of the mist once forms a mist collision with the pipe wall. Even if it breaks, when it is discharged from the tip of the tube, the oil present on the surface of the droplet spreads over the surface of the droplet and an oil film is formed again.

Moreover, since the mist with the oil film formed on the surface can be generated only by atomizing the cutting fluid, a general-purpose configuration such as the nozzle 32 and the ultrasonic atomizer 36 is adopted without requiring a special device. Thus, the supply device 1 can be configured. In particular, in the supply device 1, the first metering pump 16 and the second metering pump 17 that are used in the stage of dispersing the oil in water act as the cutting fluid introducing unit 20, in which the atomizing unit 30 also serves as the supplying unit 40. This is an extremely simple configuration.

  Further, since the cutting fluid is supplied as a mist rather than being poured onto the machined portion of the machine tool, the problem of the cutting fluid scattering in the working environment can be solved. In addition, since a high-power pump for injecting and circulating the cutting fluid is unnecessary, energy consumption can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, since the mist formed with a small amount of water and oil is supplied, water or oil is not excessively supplied to the processed portion. In particular, even if the mist of the present embodiment is supplied in the same amount as the conventional oil mist, all the droplets are not oil like the conventional oil mist, and the ratio of the oil to the droplets is small. The amount of oil used can be reduced, for example, about 5 to 10 ml per hour for one machine tool. This prevents wasteful consumption of the cutting oil. Further, since the cutting fluid does not flow down below the machine tool as in the prior art, a sump tank for collecting the cutting fluid becomes unnecessary, and the working environment can be kept clean.

  In addition, since the cutting fluid is not circulated and used as in the prior art, the problem of bad odor due to the decay of the cutting fluid and the problem of waste liquid treatment can be avoided. In addition, the amount of cutting fluid adhering to the chips is very small, and even if the cutting fluid exudes from the chips, no highly harmful surfactants or emulsifiers are used, and oil is also biodegradable. Since what is possessed is used, there is little risk of environmental pollution.

  Furthermore, since the mist is formed to have a diameter of about 10 to 20 μm which is not too small and not too large, it is difficult to diffuse in the air and easily passes through the pipeline. As a result, the generated mist can be supplied to the machining part of the machine tool without waste, and the risk of adverse effects on the operator's health and malfunctions caused by diffusion into the air can be reduced. .

  Moreover, since the generated mist has a diameter of about 10 to 20 μm, it has a high degree of straightness and can reach the processing part, and the mist also reaches the processing part that is behind the workpiece and the holding bracket. It will be easy.

  Furthermore, by dispersing oil in water using ultrasonic waves, it is possible to efficiently disperse oil in water, and in a stable dispersion state where oil particles are small and water and oil are difficult to separate. It becomes cutting fluid. This makes it possible to intermittently irradiate ultrasonic waves and to suppress the cost for oil dispersion. Further, the size and amount of oil droplets in the emulsion can be changed depending on the ultrasonic irradiation conditions, and the characteristics of the mist can be made suitable for machining.

In addition, in the supply apparatus 1 of said embodiment, since the cutting fluid is extruded from the small 1st tank 11 while oil is disperse | distributing to water with an ultrasonic wave, the magnitude | size of the oil droplet in emulsion is a little. It becomes uneven. As a result, a thick oil film is formed on the surface of the mist by the large-diameter oil droplets while maintaining the dispersibility at a certain level .

  The present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as described below. And design changes are possible.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the case where a pump is employed as the cutting fluid introducing means is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the negative pressure accompanying the feeding or sending of the high-pressure gas in the atomizing means or the supplying means is used. The cutting fluid can be sucked.

(A) It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the mist supply apparatus of this embodiment. (B) It is explanatory drawing for illustrating another structure only regarding an atomization means and a supply means. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the production | generation process of the mist in this invention. It is a graph which shows the cutting resistance at the time of supplying mist with the mist supply apparatus of FIG. 1, and total power consumption. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the mist supply method of this embodiment. It is the schematic diagram which compared the magnitude | size of the mist produced | generated by this embodiment with the mist by a conventional method.

Explanation of symbols

1,5 supply device (mist supply device)
10, 50 Physical dispersion means 18, 58 Ultrasonic transducer (physical dispersion means)
19,59 Ultrasonic horn (physical dispersion means)
16 First metering pump (Cutting fluid introduction means)
17 Second metering pump (cutting fluid introduction means)
20 Cutting fluid introduction means 21 Pump (Cutting fluid introduction means)
30 Atomization means 31 Compressed air feed section (atomization means, supply means)
32 nozzles (atomization means, supply means)
36 Ultrasonic atomizer (Atomization means)
40 Supply means 41 Low-pressure air inlet (supply means)

Claims (3)

A closed tank with a constant capacity;
It is equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator that causes ultrasonic waves to act on water and oil contained in the tank, and physically disperses oil in water and uses it as a cutting fluid without using a surfactant or an emulsifier. Means,
Atomizing means for atomizing the cutting fluid and generating mist in which an oil film is formed on the surface of the emulsion droplets in which oil is dispersed in water;
It is introduced, respectively water and oil in said tank, cutting liquid introduced into the atomizing means of the cutting fluid capacity corresponding to the capacity of the water and oil introduced into the vessel by forced from the tank Introduction means;
A mist supply device comprising: supply means for supplying the mist to a machining part of a machine tool. The mist supply device according to claim 1, wherein the atomizing means generates the mist having a diameter of 10 μm to 20 μm . Water and oil were introduced respectively into the tank capacity is a constant closed system, by ultrasonic vibrations without using a surfactant or emulsifier to oil in water physically dispersed with the cutting fluid, said tank The cutting fluid having a volume corresponding to the volume of water and oil introduced into the tank is extruded from the tank and atomized to generate a mist in which an oil film is formed on the surface of the emulsion droplets in which the oil is dispersed in water. ,
A mist supply method comprising supplying the mist to a machining portion of a machine tool.

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