JP4131467B2 - Tunnel support structure and tunnel support method - Google Patents

Tunnel support structure and tunnel support method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4131467B2
JP4131467B2 JP2003182768A JP2003182768A JP4131467B2 JP 4131467 B2 JP4131467 B2 JP 4131467B2 JP 2003182768 A JP2003182768 A JP 2003182768A JP 2003182768 A JP2003182768 A JP 2003182768A JP 4131467 B2 JP4131467 B2 JP 4131467B2
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Prior art keywords
upper half
steel support
tunnel
joint
half steel
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JP2003182768A
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JP2005016167A (en
Inventor
太 楠本
厚之 木村
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Shimizu Corp
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Shimizu Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、トンネル支保構造およびトンネル支保工法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、膨脹性や押出し性を示す特殊地山条件下でのトンネル掘削では、トンネル掘削断面を上半、下半、インバートに三分割して段階掘削する上半先進工法を採用している。この場合、上半掘削後に上半仮インバートストラットによる上半断面の仮インバート閉合を行うとともに、下半およびインバート掘削後にインバートストラットによるインバート閉合を行い、トンネル支保構造の力学的安定を確保する。
しかし、従来のトンネル支保構造では、上半掘削時にトンネルが内空側に大きく変形すると、上半仮インバートストラットと接合されている上半鋼製支保工フランジ部分が変形、破壊する。そのため、下半掘削時に上半鋼製支保工と下半鋼製支保工との接合ができなくなり、変形した上半鋼製支保工の外側を掘削して再び新しい支保工を建て込む縫い返し掘削を余儀なくされている。これに対して、特許文献1では、上半掘削後に仮設支保工を設置し、下半掘削後に前記仮設支保工の内側に本設支保工を設置する工法が考案されている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特許第3018948号公報(第2−3頁、第3図)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特許文献1記載のトンネル支保構造では、二重支保工とするため、工事費や工期が余分に掛かる難点がある。
本発明は、上述する問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、危険作業を伴わず、且つ、工事費や工期を削減できるトンネル支保構造およびトンネル支保工法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、トンネル掘削断面の上半を先行掘削する際のトンネル支保構造であって、下半鋼製支保工脚部にインバートストラットを接合するための継手部材を設けるとともに、前記下半鋼製支保工脚部に前記継手部材の軸方向と平行に補強板を配設することを特徴とする。
本発明では、前記継手部材の軸方向と平行に設けた補強板を介して、下半鋼製支保工とインバートストラットとの応力伝達経路を確保することができるとともに、下半鋼製支保工の局部座屈を防止することができる。
【0006】
本発明に係るトンネル支保工法では、上半鋼製支保工を設置する際に、前記上半鋼製支保工脚部に着脱可能な継手部を設ける第一工程と、上半仮インバートストラット中間部に挿入された着脱可能な建込み調整部材によって建込み調整しながら、前記上半仮インバートストラット端部を、前記上半鋼製支保工脚部に設けられた前記継手部に接合する第二工程と、前記上半鋼製支保工脚部に設けられた前記継手部と前記上半仮インバートストラットを撤去する第三工程と、前記上半鋼製支保工脚部と、インバートストラットを接合するための継手部材を脚部に有する下半鋼製支保工の上部を接合する第四工程と、インバートストラット中間部に挿入された着脱可能な建込み調整部材によって建込み調整しながら、前記インバートストラット端部を、前記下半鋼製支保工脚部に設けられた前記継手部材に接合する第五工程とを備えることを特徴とする。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照して説明する。
図1は、本発明に係るトンネル支保構造の実施形態の一例を示すものであり、図1(a)は上半掘削時のトンネル支保構造を、図1(b)は下半掘削時のトンネル支保構造をそれぞれ示している。なお、以下の記述において、上半鋼製支保工の両脚部に設けられる継手部と下半鋼製支保工両脚部の継手部とを区別するため、上半鋼製支保工の両脚部に設けられる継手部を上半継手部と呼び、下半鋼製支保工両脚部の継手部を下半継手部と呼ぶことにする。
図1(a)に示すように、上半1掘削時のトンネル支保構造では、トンネル上半1内周に上半鋼製支保工4が設置されている。また、上半鋼製支保工4の両脚部には着脱可能な上半継手部6がそれぞれ設けられ、各上半継手部6には上半仮インバートストラット5端部が接合されており、トンネル支保構造は閉合構造を形成している。
図1(b)に示すように、下半およびインバート掘削時のトンネル支保構造では、上半鋼製支保工4の両脚部に接合されていた各上半継手部6および上半仮インバートストラット5は撤去され、上半鋼製支保工4の両脚部には下半鋼製支保工8の上部が接合されている。また、下半鋼製支保工8両脚部の下半継手部10にはインバートストラット9端部がそれぞれ接合され、トンネル支保構造は閉合構造を形成している。
【0008】
図2乃至図4は、上下半継手部および建込み調整部材の詳細図である。なお、以下の図において、図1と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を用いて説明を省略する。また、以下の記述において、上半継手部の継手部材と下半継手部の継手部材とを区別するため、上半継手部の継手部材を上半継手部材と呼び、下半継手部の継手部材を下半継手部材と呼ぶことにする。
図2に示すように、上半継手部6は、上半第一継手部材12を主要部材とし、上半第一継手部材12の上半鋼製支保工4側の小口には、上半鋼製支保工4にボルト接合するためのプレート12aが溶接されている。一方、上半第一継手部材12の反対側の小口には、上半鋼製支保工4を支持するための底板12bが溶接されている。また、上半第一継手部材12のトンネル内空側フランジ12c面には、上半仮インバートストラット5を接合するための上半第二継手部材13が、プレート13aを介してボルト接合されている。上半第二継手部材13の反対側の小口には、上半仮インバートストラット5をボルト接合するためのプレート13bが溶接されている。
膨張性や押出し性を示す地山G条件下において、トンネルが内空側に大きく変形すると、上半鋼製支保工4と上半仮インバートストラット5との接合部は変形、破壊する。しかし、本実施形態によるトンネル支保構造では、上半鋼製支保工4脚部に着脱可能な上半継手部6を設けることにより、下半2掘削に伴い上半仮インバートストラット5とともに上半継手部6を撤去することにより、上半鋼製支保工4と下半鋼製支保工8とを接合することができる。
【0009】
図3に示すように、下半継手部10は、下半鋼製支保工8脚部のトンネル内空側フランジ8b面に下半継手部材15を当接させた状態で溶接等により固着したものである。下半鋼製支保工8脚部のウェブには、下半継手部材15上下フランジ15b、15cの延長線上に補強板14、14が溶接され、下半鋼製支保工8脚部の小口には、下半鋼製支保工8を支持するための底板8aが溶接されている。また、下半継手部材15のインバートストラット9側の小口には、インバートストラット9をボルト接合するためのプレート15aが溶接されている。
本実施形態によるトンネル支保構造では、下半継手部材15上下フランジ15b、15cの延長線上に設けた補強板14、14によって、下半鋼製支保工8とインバートストラット9との応力伝達経路を確保することができるとともに、下半鋼製支保工8の局部座屈を防止することができる。
【0010】
図4に示すように、建込み調整部材11は、建込み調整部材11両端の小口に溶接されたプレート11a、11aを介して、インバートストラット9の中間部にボルト接合されている。なお、上半仮インバートストラット5中間部に挿入された建込み調整部材7も同様の構成をしている。
本実施形態によるトンネル支保構造では、建込み調整部材7、11の軸方向長さを調整することにより、支保工建込み時の誤差や支保工建込み前の大きな先行変位に対応することができる。
【0011】
次に、本発明に係るトンネル支保工法について、図1を参照しつつ説明する。上半先進工法においては、上半1掘削を先行して行う。上半1掘削に伴い、トンネル上半1内周に上半鋼製支保工4を設置する。その際、上半鋼製支保工4の両脚部には上半継手部6をボルト接合しておく。引き続き、上半仮インバートストラット5中間部に挿入された建込み調整部材7によって建込み調整しながら、上半仮インバートストラット5端部を、上半鋼製支保工4脚部に設けられた上半継手部6にボルト接合する。また、上半鋼製支保工4間および上半仮インバートストラット5間には、図示していない吹付けコンクリートを吹付ける。
次に、下半2およびインバート3掘削に伴い、上半鋼製支保工4の脚部に設けられた上半継手部6と上半仮インバートストラット5を撤去する。そして、上半鋼製支保工4脚部に、インバートストラット9を接合するための下半継手部材15を脚部に有する下半鋼製支保工8の上部をボルト接合する。引き続き、インバートストラット9中間部に挿入された建込み調整部材11によって建込み調整しながら、インバートストラット9端部を、下半鋼製支保工8脚部に設けられた下半継手部材15にボルト接合する。また、下半鋼製支保工8間およびインバートストラット9間には、図示していない吹付けコンクリートを吹付ける。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明に係るトンネル支保構造および支保工法によれば、縫い返し掘削がないため安全に作業できるうえ、二重支保工としないため工事費や工期の削減が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係るトンネル支保構造およびトンネル支保工法の実施形態の一例を示す図である。
【図2】 上半継手部を示す詳細図である。
【図3】 下半継手部を示す詳細図である。
【図4】 建込調整部材を示す詳細図である。
【符号の説明】
1……上半
2……下半
3……インバート
4……上半鋼製支保工
5……上半仮インバートストラット
6……上半継手部
7、11……建込み調整部材
8……下半鋼製支保工
9……インバートストラット
10……下半継手部
12……上半第一継手部材
13……上半第二継手部材
14……補強板
15……下半継手部材
G……地山
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel support structure and a tunnel support method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in tunnel excavation under special ground conditions that show expandability and extrudability, the upper half advanced method is used in which the tunnel excavation cross-section is divided into the upper half, the lower half, and the invert. In this case, after the upper half excavation, the upper half cross section is temporarily invert closed by the upper half temporary invert strut, and after the lower half and invert excavation, the invert strut is closed by the invert strut to ensure the mechanical stability of the tunnel support structure.
However, in the conventional tunnel support structure, when the tunnel is greatly deformed toward the inner space during the upper half excavation, the upper half steel support flange portion joined to the upper half temporary invert strut is deformed and broken. Therefore, the upper half steel support work and the lower half steel support work cannot be joined during the lower half excavation, and the reversing excavation that excavates the deformed upper half steel support work and builds a new support work again. Have been forced to. On the other hand, Patent Document 1 has devised a construction method in which a temporary support is installed after excavation in the upper half and a permanent support is installed inside the temporary support after excavation in the lower half.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 3018948 (page 2-3, FIG. 3)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the tunnel support structure described in Patent Document 1 is a double support work, there is a problem that an extra work cost and work period are required.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel support structure and a tunnel support method that do not involve dangerous work and can reduce the construction cost and work period.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tunnel support structure for excavating the upper half of a tunnel excavation cross section, and provides a joint member for joining an invert strut to a lower half steel support leg. In addition, a reinforcing plate is disposed on the lower half steel support leg in parallel with the axial direction of the joint member .
In the present invention, a stress transmission path between the lower half steel support and the invert strut can be secured via a reinforcing plate provided in parallel with the axial direction of the joint member, and the lower half steel support Local buckling can be prevented .
[0006]
In the tunnel support method according to the present invention, when installing the upper half steel support, the first step of providing a detachable joint on the upper half steel support leg, and the upper half temporary invert strut intermediate portion A second step of joining the upper half temporary invert strut end portion to the joint portion provided on the upper half steel support leg while adjusting the erection by a detachable erection adjustment member inserted in A third step of removing the joint portion provided on the upper half steel support leg and the upper half temporary invert strut, and the upper half steel support leg and the invert strut. A fourth step of joining the upper part of the lower half steel support having the joint member of the above-mentioned joint, and the invert strut end while adjusting the erection by a detachable erection adjusting member inserted in the intermediate part of the invert strut Part , Characterized in that it comprises a fifth step of bonding to the coupling member provided in the lower half steel 支保 Koashi unit.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of a tunnel support structure according to the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) shows a tunnel support structure during upper half excavation, and FIG. 1 (b) shows a tunnel during lower half excavation. Each support structure is shown. In the following description, in order to distinguish between the joints provided on both legs of the upper half steel support and the joints of the lower half steel support both, it is provided on both legs of the upper half steel support. The joint part is called the upper half joint part, and the joint part of the lower half steel support legs is called the lower half joint part.
As shown in FIG. 1A, in the tunnel support structure during excavation of the upper half 1, an upper half steel support 4 is installed on the inner periphery of the upper half 1 of the tunnel. In addition, detachable upper half joint portions 6 are respectively provided on both legs of the upper half steel support 4, and the upper half temporary invert struts 5 are joined to the upper half joint portions 6. The support structure forms a closed structure.
As shown in FIG. 1 (b), in the tunnel support structure at the time of lower half and invert excavation, each upper half joint portion 6 and upper half temporary invert strut 5 joined to both legs of the upper half steel support 4 The upper half of the lower half steel support 8 is joined to both legs of the upper half steel support 4. Further, the lower half steel support 8 is joined to the lower half joint portion 10 of both leg portions at the end of the invert strut 9, and the tunnel support structure forms a closed structure.
[0008]
2 to 4 are detailed views of the upper and lower half joints and the erection adjusting member. In the following drawings, the same components as those in FIG. Moreover, in the following description, in order to distinguish the joint member of an upper half joint part and the joint member of a lower half joint part, the joint member of an upper half joint part is called an upper half joint member, and the joint member of a lower half joint part Is referred to as the lower half joint member.
As shown in FIG. 2, the upper half joint portion 6 has the upper half first joint member 12 as a main member, and the upper half steel is formed in the upper half steel support 4 side of the upper half steel joint member 12. A plate 12 a for bolting the supporter 4 is welded. On the other hand, a bottom plate 12 b for supporting the upper half steel support 4 is welded to the fore end of the upper half first joint member 12. Further, an upper half second joint member 13 for joining the upper half temporary invert strut 5 is bolted to the surface of the upper half first joint member 12 in the tunnel inner flange 12c via a plate 13a. . A plate 13b for bolting the upper half temporary invert strut 5 is welded to the small opening on the opposite side of the upper half second joint member 13.
When the tunnel is greatly deformed toward the inner space under the natural ground G condition indicating expandability and extrudability, the joint portion between the upper half steel support 4 and the upper half temporary invert strut 5 is deformed and broken. However, in the tunnel support structure according to the present embodiment, the upper half joint 6 is provided together with the upper half temporary invert strut 5 along with the lower half 2 excavation by providing the removable upper half joint portion 6 on the upper half steel support four legs. The upper half steel support 4 and the lower half steel support 8 can be joined by removing the portion 6.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 3, the lower half joint portion 10 is fixed by welding or the like with the lower half joint member 15 in contact with the surface of the flange 8b in the tunnel of the lower half steel support 8 leg portion. It is. Reinforcing plates 14 and 14 are welded to the lower half joint member 15 on the extension line of the upper and lower flanges 15b and 15c on the lower half steel support 8 leg web, The bottom plate 8a for supporting the lower half steel support 8 is welded. Further, a plate 15 a for bolting the invert strut 9 is welded to a small opening on the invert strut 9 side of the lower half joint member 15.
In the tunnel support structure according to the present embodiment, the stress transmission path between the lower half steel support 8 and the invert strut 9 is secured by the reinforcing plates 14 and 14 provided on the extended lines of the upper and lower flanges 15b and 15c of the lower half joint member 15. In addition, it is possible to prevent local buckling of the lower half steel support 8.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 4, the build adjustment member 11 is bolted to the intermediate portion of the invert strut 9 via plates 11 a and 11 a welded to the small openings at both ends of the build adjustment member 11. The erection adjusting member 7 inserted in the middle part of the upper half temporary invert strut 5 has the same configuration.
In the tunnel support structure according to the present embodiment, by adjusting the axial lengths of the build adjustment members 7 and 11, it is possible to cope with errors during the build-up and large preceding displacements before the build-in. .
[0011]
Next, the tunnel support method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the upper half advanced method, the upper half 1 excavation is performed in advance. As the upper half 1 is excavated, the upper half steel support 4 is installed on the inner circumference of the upper half 1 of the tunnel. At that time, the upper half joint portion 6 is bolted to both leg portions of the upper half steel support 4. Subsequently, the upper half temporary invert strut 5 end portion is provided on the upper half steel support 4 leg portion while adjusting the build by the build adjustment member 7 inserted in the middle portion of the upper half temporary invert strut 5. A bolt is joined to the semi-joint portion 6. In addition, shot concrete (not shown) is sprayed between the upper half steel support works 4 and between the upper half temporary invert struts 5.
Next, with the excavation of the lower half 2 and the invert 3, the upper half joint portion 6 and the upper half temporary invert strut 5 provided on the legs of the upper half steel support 4 are removed. And the upper part of the lower half steel support 8 which has the lower half joint member 15 for joining the invert strut 9 in a leg is bolted to the upper half steel support 4 leg. Subsequently, while adjusting the erection by the erection adjusting member 11 inserted in the middle part of the invert strut 9, the end of the invert strut 9 is bolted to the lower half joint member 15 provided on the lower half steel support 8 leg. Join. Moreover, spray concrete (not shown) is sprayed between the lower half steel support members 8 and the invert struts 9.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the tunnel support structure and the support method according to the present invention, it is possible to work safely because there is no loop excavation, and it is possible to reduce the construction cost and the work period because it is not a double support work.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a tunnel support structure and a tunnel support method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed view showing an upper half joint part.
FIG. 3 is a detailed view showing a lower half joint part.
FIG. 4 is a detailed view showing a building adjustment member.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Upper half 2 ... Lower half 3 ... Invert 4 ... Upper half steel support 5 ... Upper half temporary invert strut 6 ... Upper half joints 7, 11 ... Construction adjustment member 8 ... Lower steel support 9 ... Invert strut 10 ... Lower half joint 12 ... Upper half first joint member 13 ... Upper half second joint member 14 ... Reinforcement plate 15 ... Lower half joint member G ... ... Mt.

Claims (2)

トンネル掘削断面の上半を先行掘削する際のトンネル支保構造であって、
下半鋼製支保工脚部にインバートストラットを接合するための継手部材を設けるとともに、前記下半鋼製支保工脚部に前記継手部材の軸方向と平行に補強板を配設することを特徴とするトンネル支保構造。
A tunnel support structure for excavating the upper half of the tunnel excavation section,
A joint member for joining an invert strut to the lower half steel support leg is provided, and a reinforcing plate is disposed on the lower half steel support leg parallel to the axial direction of the joint member. Tunnel support structure.
トンネル掘削断面の上半を先行掘削する際のトンネル支保工法であって、
上半鋼製支保工を設置する際に、前記上半鋼製支保工脚部に着脱可能な継手部を設ける第一工程と、
上半仮インバートストラット中間部に挿入された着脱可能な建込み調整部材によって建込み調整しながら、前記上半仮インバートストラット端部を、前記上半鋼製支保工脚部に設けられた前記継手部に接合する第二工程と、
前記上半鋼製支保工脚部に設けられた前記継手部と前記上半仮インバートストラットを撤去する第三工程と、
前記上半鋼製支保工脚部と、インバートストラットを接合するための継手部材を脚部に有する下半鋼製支保工の上部を接合する第四工程と、
インバートストラット中間部に挿入された着脱可能な建込み調整部材によって建込み調整しながら、前記インバートストラット端部を、前記下半鋼製支保工脚部に設けられた前記継手部材に接合する第五工程とを備えることを特徴とするトンネル支保工法。
A tunnel support method for leading excavation of the upper half of the tunnel excavation section,
When installing the upper half steel support, a first step of providing a detachable joint on the upper half steel support leg;
The joint provided with the upper half temporary invert strut end on the upper half steel support leg while adjusting the erection with a detachable erection adjustment member inserted in the middle part of the upper half invert strut A second step of joining the part,
A third step of removing the joint portion provided on the upper half steel support leg and the upper half temporary invert strut;
A fourth step of joining the upper half steel support leg, and the upper part of the lower half steel support having a joint member for joining the invert strut in the leg;
A fifth part for joining the end of the invert strut to the joint member provided on the lower half steel support leg while adjusting the erection by a detachable erection adjustment member inserted in the middle part of the invert strut. A tunnel support method characterized by comprising a process.
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JP4805852B2 (en) * 2007-01-25 2011-11-02 Tsuchiya株式会社 How to build a tunnel
JP4813434B2 (en) * 2007-09-03 2011-11-09 株式会社奥村組 Tunnel excavation method
JP4714928B2 (en) * 2007-09-03 2011-07-06 株式会社奥村組 Tunnel excavation method
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JP6791586B2 (en) * 2017-02-07 2020-11-25 株式会社奥村組 Structure of support work in tunnel and installation method of support work
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JP7021420B2 (en) * 2018-01-19 2022-02-17 前田建設工業株式会社 Connection structure and connection method of invert steel support
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