JP4127831B2 - Power source selection method, heat source selection method, power source evaluation system, and power source evaluation program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power source selection method, a power source selection method, a power source evaluation system, and a power source evaluation program for evaluating and selecting a power source that supplies power and energy, and in particular, a power source whose main evaluation index is reduction of environmental load. The present invention relates to a selection method, a heat source selection method, a power supply evaluation system, and a power supply evaluation program.

  In recent years, power generation methods and heat supply methods for supplying energy such as electric power and heat have been diversified. In addition to conventional large-scale power generation methods such as nuclear power, thermal power, and hydropower, relatively small and medium-scale power generation methods such as wind power generation, biomass power generation, solar power generation, and fuel cell power generation are particularly effective in terms of environmental load reduction and power load leveling. It is increasing from the viewpoint of computerization.

  In addition to supplying heat by supplying fuel such as gas, there is also a form in which heat is directly supplied to consumers using hot water from the viewpoint of using waste heat from power generation and using heat generated by incineration of waste etc. It is expected to increase in the future.

  On the other hand, with the liberalization of electric power, in addition to the conventional electric power companies, new power generation / heat suppliers and electric power suppliers are also increasing the form of supplying energy such as electric power.

  As described above, the types of power sources or heat sources (hereinafter referred to as “electric heat sources”) are diverse due to the diversification of power generation / heat supply methods and the diversification of power generation / heat supply companies, and are selected by customers. The range of types of electric heat sources that can be used has been greatly expanded compared to the conventional type.

  On the other hand, when consumers select an electric heat source, in addition to the conventional evaluation criteria such as economy and quality, the magnitude of the influence on the environment has become an important evaluation criterion.

For example, reduction of environmental loads such as consumption of resources such as fossil fuels and emissions of environmentally hazardous substances such as CO ₂ has become an urgent issue on a global scale such as resource depletion and suppression of global warming.

  Reducing environmental impact is a problem not only in the energy supply industry such as electric power, but also in a very wide range of industries, such as the manufacture, use, and provision of services of all products. Conventionally, reducing environmental impact has been an important evaluation standard. Techniques related to product development and service provision methods are disclosed.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology related to a system operation monitoring and control apparatus that uses environmental load reduction as an evaluation index. The technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 is designed to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases such as CO ₂ and chemical substance chlorofluorocarbon in the control of an energy consumption type system operation monitoring control device represented by an air conditioning control system or the like. In addition, a technique for controlling using an environmental impact evaluation function or an energy consumption evaluation function is disclosed.

  Patent Document 2 describes an LCA technique (Life Cycle Assessment) that shows the degree of change in the environmental impact caused by the improvement of a specific product, for example, the effect of research and development work in general research and development work. ), A technique related to an evaluation support method and an evaluation support system when performing an evaluation based on the above is disclosed.

Patent Document 3 discloses a technology related to an energy / power interchange system across multiple countries. The technology disclosed in Patent Document 3 is designed to level the demand and supply of electric power etc. by interchanging electric power etc. between multiple countries having time differences and seasonal differences. It is supposed that the property is improved.
JP 2000-105603 A JP 2002-140471 A JP 2003-158824 A

  As described above, it is not easy for consumers to appropriately select a power source or a heat source that meets their requirements from among diversified power generation / heat supply systems or diversified power / heat suppliers. Absent.

  In addition, in addition to high quality and excellent economic efficiency, it has become a social requirement to select a power source or heat source with a low environmental load.

However, no technology related to a method or system for selecting a power source or a heat source has been disclosed so far from the viewpoint of an evaluation index of environmental load.

  The techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 apply an environmental load reduction element to a general control system or product, and do not include individual specialities such as power supply selection.

  The technology disclosed in Patent Document 3 is similar to power source selection in terms of multilateral power interchange. However, the technology mainly focuses on improving the quality of power and the stability of power supply. Is just an ancillary technology that converts the amount of electricity distributed into environmental load.

  In the conventional power source selection method, it is possible to select an optimal power source in order to obtain an economic effect and a stable power supply effect. However, such a selection method cannot be said to minimize the load on the environment, and there is a lack of information for determining the optimum power source selection including the environmental load.

  In addition, when evaluating the environmental load, it is necessary to consider the particularity of the power supply selection. Originally, even when a power source with a low environmental load is selected, it is necessary to consider the quality of the power, and it is also necessary to consider indirect environmental influences when the power source is adopted. That is, it is necessary to consider the environmental load of additional equipment (for example, reactive power generation device, phase adjustment equipment, battery, switching equipment, harmonic removal device, etc.) that is necessary to prevent the quality of power from being degraded. The environmental load caused by these additional facilities is necessary to ensure the quality of power demanded by consumers, but it increases the environmental load compared to when there are no additional facilities. It is necessary to consider it as an increase.

  On the other hand, some types of power supplies to be selected include elements that indirectly reduce the environmental load. For example, woody biomass power generation uses black liquor from a pulp mill, woody waste, waste, or forest thinning as fuel.

  The consumption of black liquor, woody waste, and waste wood from pulp mills as fuel has the effect of reducing waste and reduces the environmental burden.

In addition, the consumption of thinned wood as fuel improves the forest by thinning the thinned wood, and as a result, the absorption of CO ₂ by the forest is promoted, resulting in an environmental load reducing effect.

  As described above, some types of power supplies to be selected include elements that indirectly reduce the environmental load. In this case, it is necessary to consider the environmental load reduction amount.

  As described above, there is a strong demand to provide a method for appropriately selecting a power source that satisfies the quality demanded by consumers and has a low environmental load among diversified power sources.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and satisfies the quality required by consumers from among a wide variety of diversified types of power supplies, and provides indirect environmental load increase factors and environmental load reduction factors. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power source selection method, a heat source selection method, a power source evaluation system, and a power source evaluation program that appropriately select a power source having the least environmental load in consideration.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power source selection method according to the present invention requires a consumer in the power source selection method for selecting an optimal power source for a power energy consumer as described in claim 1. The first step of inputting customer request information including the quality of power, and the environmental load caused by the supply of power for each of a plurality of power supplies capable of supplying power, calculated based on a predetermined standard Power network information including a second step of inputting environmental load information including the environmental load and the quality of power that can be supplied, and a configuration of a power network that transmits and distributes power from a plurality of power sources to the consumers And calculating the environmental load caused by the supply of power to the consumer based on the customer request information, the environmental load information, and the power system network information for each of a plurality of power sources. And the environmental impact is A fourth step of selecting a small number of power sources, and a fifth step of evaluating the power quality of the selected power sources and evaluating whether the evaluated power quality satisfies the power quality required by the consumer And when the element that reduces the environmental load is included in a plurality of power supplies, the fourth step subtracts the amount of environmental load reduction based on the element to be reduced from the calculated environmental load, If the power quality evaluated in the fifth step does not satisfy the power quality required by the consumer, a power quality improvement adding device required to satisfy the power quality required by the consumer is provided. The added environmental load is added to the calculated environmental load as an amount of increase in environmental load, and a power source having the smallest environmental load after the subtraction or addition is selected.

  Moreover, the electric heat source selection method according to the present invention is the electric heat source selection method for selecting an optimal electric heat source for both consumers of electric power and heat as described in claim 8, A first step of inputting customer request information including the quality of power and / or heat required by a customer, and a plurality of electric heat sources capable of supplying power and / or heat The environmental load that occurs with the supply of both electric power and / or heat, calculated based on a predetermined standard, and the quality of electric power and / or heat that can be supplied A second step of inputting environmental load information, and a third step of inputting power network information or pipeline network information for supplying power and / or heat from a plurality of heat sources to the consumer. For each of the plurality of electric heat sources, the environmental load caused by the supply of electric power and / or heat to the consumer is calculated as customer demand information, environmental load information, and power system network information or pipeline network. The fourth step of selecting an electric heat source that is calculated based on information and has the least environmental load, and evaluating the quality of electric power and / or heat of the selected electric heat source, and evaluating both the electric power and heat Or a fifth step of evaluating whether or not one of the qualities satisfies either or both of the power and / or heat required by the customer, and the fourth step includes a plurality of heat sources. In the case where an element for reducing the environmental load is included, the amount of reduction in the environmental load based on the element to be reduced is subtracted from the calculated environmental load, and / or the electric power and / or heat evaluated in the fifth step. Z In order to satisfy the quality of both the power and / or heat required by the consumer when the quality of either does not satisfy the quality and / or the quality of the power and / or heat required by the consumer The required environmental load added by the quality improvement adding device is added to the calculated environmental load as an increase in the environmental load, and an electric heat source having the smallest environmental load after the subtraction or addition is selected.

  In addition, the power supply evaluation system according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the power supply evaluation system that evaluates and selects an optimal power supply for a power energy consumer, the power quality required by the consumer is obtained. With the supply of power for each of a plurality of power sources that can supply power, a customer request information input unit that inputs customer request information including the customer request information storage unit that stores the input customer request information. Environmental load information input means for inputting environmental load information including the environmental load calculated based on a predetermined standard and the quality of power that can be supplied, and the input environmental load information is stored Environmental load information storage means, power grid information input means for inputting power grid information including a configuration of a power grid that transmits and distributes power from a plurality of power sources to consumers, and the input power grid network Power network information storage means for storing information, and for each of a plurality of power supplies, the environmental load caused by the supply of power to the consumer is indicated by the customer request information, the environmental load information, and the power network information Power source selection means for selecting the power source with the least environmental load, and evaluating the power quality of the selected power source, and whether the evaluated power quality satisfies the power quality required by the consumer Evaluation means for evaluating whether or not, and when the power source selection means includes an element that reduces the environmental load among the plurality of power supplies, the environmental load calculated the environmental load reduction amount based on the element to be reduced If the quality of power evaluated by the evaluation means does not meet the quality of power required by the customer, a power quality improvement additional device is added to meet the quality of power required by the customer. Environmental load Was added to the environmental load was calculated as the load increase, environmental load after subtraction or addition is characterized by selecting the least power.

  In addition, the power supply evaluation program according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the power supply evaluation program for evaluating and selecting an optimal power supply for a power energy consumer, the quality of power required by the consumer is determined. A first step of inputting customer request information including the environmental load that is generated along with the supply of power for each of a plurality of power supplies capable of supplying power, and calculated based on a predetermined standard; A second step of inputting environmental load information including the quality of power that can be supplied, and a third step of inputting power grid information including a configuration of a power grid that transmits and distributes power from a plurality of power sources to consumers. For each of the multiple power sources, calculate the environmental load that accompanies the supply of power to the customer based on the customer request information, environmental load information, and power grid information, and select the power source with the least environmental load Selection The computer executes the fourth step and the fifth step of evaluating the power quality of the selected power source and evaluating whether or not the evaluated power quality satisfies the power quality required by the consumer. In the fourth step, when an element for reducing the environmental load is included in a plurality of power supplies, the amount of reduction in the environmental load based on the element to be reduced is subtracted from the calculated environmental load and evaluated in the fifth step. If the quality of the generated power does not meet the quality of power required by the customer, the environmental load added by the power quality improvement additional device required to satisfy the quality of power required by the customer is the amount of increase in environmental load. It is set to select the power source with the least environmental load after the addition or subtraction or addition to the calculated environmental load.

  According to the power supply selection method, the heat source selection method, the power supply evaluation system, and the power supply evaluation program according to the present invention, the quality required by the customer is satisfied from among a wide variety of types of power supplies, and indirectly. It is possible to appropriately select a power source with the least environmental load in consideration of factors that increase environmental load and factors that reduce environmental load.

  Embodiments of a power source selection method, a heat source selection method, a power source evaluation system, and a power source evaluation program according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(1) Power source selection method (first invention)
FIG. 1 shows a power supply network to which an embodiment of a power source selection method according to the present invention is applied.

  A power company 1, an existing power producer B, a customer 4, and a load 5 are connected to the power grid 5. A power generator A who is scheduled to enter the market is also virtually connected to the power system network 5.

  The power system network 5 represents an electric power system for transmitting and distributing electric power to a large number of customers including the customer 4 and includes a substation, a transmission line, a transmission tower, a distribution facility, and the like.

  The electric power company 1 is an existing electric power company, has a large number of power generation facilities, and is connected to the electric power system network 5 through its own electric power system.

  The power generation company B is an existing power generation company, for example, has its own power generation equipment, and supplies electric power from this power generation equipment to a general customer or the power company 1 via the power system network 5. . The power generator A is a power generator scheduled to enter the market.

  The consumer 4 is supplied with power via the power system network 5, and in FIG. 1, it also represents the load consumed by the consumer 4.

  The load 5 represents all loads of other consumers connected to the electric power grid 5 excluding the customer 4.

  In the following description, each of the electric power company 1, the power generator A, and the power generator B may be simply referred to as “power source”.

  FIG. 1 is an illustration for explaining a power source selection method according to the present invention. The types and number of power companies 1 and generators A and B connected to the power grid 5 are limited by FIG. Is not to be done.

  The power source selection method according to the present invention provides a method for selecting a power source with the least environmental load from power sources satisfying the power capacity and power quality required by the customer 4. The power source selected by the consumer 4 need not be fixed in time. The power capacity and power quality required by the customer 4 are often different from season to season or even from day to day. The power source selection method according to the present invention provides a method for selecting a power source so that the environmental load is minimized according to each season or time zone in response to changes in demands of the consumer 4.

  FIG. 2 shows a flow of processing according to the embodiment of the power source selection method according to the present invention.

  First, customer request information 31 is input in step ST1 (first step). The customer request information 31 is information stored in the customer request information database 20, for example. The customer request information 31 is information relating to the power capacity (power) requested by the customer 4 and the quality of power. The quality of electric power is represented by, for example, a frequency fluctuation amount, a voltage drop amount, a harmonic content, and the like, and can be exemplified as one or a combination of these.

  The power capacity and power quality required by the customer 4 are defined for each hour. The demand of the customer 4 often varies from time to time. For example, a consumer who uses a computer for a production line requires high-quality power during work hours on weekdays and hardly requires power at night.

  In addition, in the case of farmers and other consumers, electricity is used for greenhouse heaters and lighting, so the quality of electricity may be low, for example, there may be a momentary power outage. Become. Thus, since it is necessary to grasp the demand for power in units of time, the power capacity and power quality required by the customer 4 are defined for each hour.

  Next, the environmental load information 40 is input in step ST2 (second step). The environmental load information 40 is stored, for example, in the environmental load information database 21. The environmental load information database 21 is provided for each power source. In the example of FIG. 2, the environmental load information database 21 a regarding the power source of the power company 1, the environmental load information database 21 b regarding the power source of the power generator A, and the power generator B It consists of an environmental load information database 21c regarding power supply.

  In each of the environmental load information databases 21a, 21b, and 21c, the environmental load information 40 is stored every hour, and the power capacity (power) that can be supplied by each power source and the quality of the power are also stored. .

  The environmental load information 40 is information related to various environmental loads calculated based on a predetermined standard, for example, an LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) method. The LCA method is to quantitatively calculate the environmental load expressed by input resources and energy consumption (input inventory), produced products and emissions (output inventory), etc. in the life cycle of the product or service. This is a method to quantitatively evaluate the environmental impact of these environmental loads on the earth and ecosystem.

  The LCA method is a scientific method for quantitatively evaluating the environmental load. By applying the LCA method in the present invention, the objectivity of calculating the environmental load is ensured.

  In calculating environmental loads such as input inventory and output inventory, a so-called accumulation method is applied to a field where individual specific data can be collected, for example, environmental loads related to specific power supply facilities.

  On the other hand, for elements where it is difficult to collect individual specific data such as the environmental load reduction effect of woody biomass power generation, for example, the industry linkage method using a generally known input-output table is applied, or the industry The environmental load shall be calculated by a hybrid method combining the application of the linkage method and the application of the stacking method. As a result, it is possible to objectively calculate the environmental load based on the LCA method even for elements in which individual specific data is difficult to collect.

  Since the LCA method, the stacking method, the industry linkage method, and the like are known by ISO 14040 and the like, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In step ST3, the environmental load reduction amount is input from the environmental load reduction amount database 24. Depending on the type of power source to be selected, there is one having an effect of reducing the environmental load, such as woody biomass power generation. In the subsequent steps ST5 to ST7, when calculating the environmental load and selecting the power source that minimizes the environmental load (fourth step), the environmental load reduction amount is input in this step in order to consider the environmental load reduction effect. Yes.

  In step ST4 (third step), power system network information 34 is input. The power system network information 34 is stored in, for example, the power system network information database 25. The power system network information 34 is information related to the power system from each power source to the customer 4 and includes information related to the configuration of substation equipment, power transmission lines, distribution lines, and the like, and transmission / distribution lines that the power system has.

  In step ST5, the transmission load obtained from the power system network information 34 is taken into consideration, and the environmental load generated to obtain the required power capacity is calculated for each time.

  The specific contents will be described below using a simplified example.

  Assume that the power capacity required by the customer 4 in a certain time zone T1 (for example, 4 hours from 10 am to 2 pm) is 100 kW. On the other hand, it is assumed that the power transmission loss from a certain power source P (for example, power producer A) to the customer 4 is estimated to be 50% from the power system network information 34 input in step ST4. In this case, in order for the power source P to supply 100 kW of power to the consumer 4, it is necessary to secure a power generation capacity of 200 kW in the time zone T1.

On the other hand, from the environmental load information 40 of the power supply P, for example, it is assumed that the CO ₂ emission amount per 1 kWh is 0.3 kg / kWh.

Under such conditions, the environmental load (limited to CO ₂ emissions) of the power source P for satisfying the power capacity required by the customer 4 is 200 kW × 0.3 kg / kWh in the four hours of the time zone T1. X4h = 240 kg is calculated.

Similarly, the CO ₂ emission amount in the time zone T1 is calculated for other power sources, and the environmental load (CO ₂ emission amount) for each power source and each hour is calculated.

The above is for convenience of explanation, limiting the environmental impact emissions CO _2, and an illustration in a very simplistic example and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For example, when the type of power supply is switched in response to a request from the customer 4, some types of power supply require extra power generation capacity for stopping and starting the power supply. In such a case, it may be necessary to calculate a more complicated and detailed environmental load, such as calculating the environmental load in consideration of the increase in power generation capacity caused by switching the type of power supply.

  In step ST6, the environmental load reduction amount is subtracted from the environmental load calculated in step ST5 for the power source including the environmental load reduction element.

For example, assume that the power source P is woody biomass power generation. In the case of woody biomass power generation, it is assumed that, for example, in the case of woody biomass power generation, the amount of CO ₂ absorbed by the forest can be expected to be 0.1 kg / kWh per 1 kWh of power generation, based on the environmental load reduction amount input in step ST3. In this case, the environmental load reduction amount is calculated as 200 kW × 0.1 kg / kWh × 4 h = 80 kg. When this environmental load reduction amount is subtracted from the environmental load of the power source P calculated in the previous example (step ST5), the environmental load of the power source P is corrected to 240 kg−80 kg = 160 kg in 4 hours in the time zone T1.

  In steps ST5 and ST6, in this way, the environmental load of each power source is calculated based on the power generation capacity of each power source for satisfying the power capacity per hour requested by the customer 4. At this time, when an environmental load reduction effect can be expected depending on the type of power source, the calculation is performed by considering (reducing) the environmental load reduction amount.

  In step ST7, based on the environmental load calculated in steps ST5 and ST6, a power source that minimizes the environmental load is selected every time. The power supply selected in step ST7 satisfies the demand for power capacity among the demands of the customer 4, but the quality of the power demanded by the consumer 4 is not yet evaluated, and further evaluation needs to be continued.

  In Steps ST8 and ST9 (fifth step), after evaluating the power quality of the power source selected in Step ST7 based on the power system network information 34, the customer 4 requests the power quality of the selected power source. Judge whether the quality of the power to be satisfied is satisfied.

  The quality of the electric power supplied to the customer 4 is strongly influenced by the electric power system from the selected power source to the customer 4. For this reason, when evaluating (estimating) the power quality of the power source selected in step ST7, it is necessary to analyze and evaluate by applying the power system network information 34. This analysis / evaluation is performed in step ST8.

  Power quality analysis / evaluation is performed over a wide frequency band from a short period of several microseconds, such as a lightning surge, to a period of several seconds, such as stability analysis.

  In step ST9, it is determined whether or not the quality of the selected power source satisfies the quality of power required by the customer 4. When it is determined that the quality of power requested by the customer 4 is not satisfied (No in step ST9), the process proceeds to step ST10.

  In Step ST10, after estimating the power quality improvement additional device for improving the power quality so as to satisfy the power quality required by the customer 4, the environmental load (environment newly generated by the power quality improvement additional device is estimated. Load increase) is input from the environmental load database 26 of the power quality improvement additional device, for example.

  The power quality improvement addition device refers to, for example, a reactive power generation device, a phase adjustment facility, a battery, a switching facility, a harmonic removal device, and the like. These power quality improvement additional devices satisfy the quality of power required by the customer 4, but on the other hand, a new increase in environmental load is generated.

  Therefore, in step ST11, the amount of increase in environmental load by the power quality improvement adding device is added to the environmental load calculated in step ST5. In response to the result, it is determined again in step ST7 which power source causes the least environmental load, and the power source having the smallest environmental load is selected.

  Through the above steps, the power source with the least environmental load is selected from the power sources that satisfy the power capacity and power quality required by the customer 4 (Yes in step ST9).

  Finally, evaluate whether the selected power source does not adversely affect other customers. When the power generation capacity of the selected power source is relatively small and other customers are already connected to the power source, the power supplied to other customers may be reduced. .

  Therefore, in step ST12, the influence on other consumers is evaluated. To what extent other customers are connected to the selected power source can be determined from, for example, the power system network information 34.

  When it is determined that the influence on other consumers is below the allowable value (Yes in step ST13), the power source selected in the immediately preceding step ST7 is finally selected.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step ST13 that the influence on other consumers exceeds the allowable value, the consumer 4 cannot select the power source.

  For this reason, in step ST14, the power source selected in the immediately preceding step ST7 is excluded from the selection target, and in step ST7 again, the environmental load is the smallest, that is, the second in the range of the initial selection target. A small number of power supplies will be selected.

  Even for a power source having the second lowest environmental load, after determining whether the quality of the power source satisfies the demands of the customer 4 (step ST9), the power source is finally selected.

  Since these examinations are performed every hour, for example, the same evaluation is performed in increments of one hour, and finally, the optimum step size specified on the time axis such as 24 hours, one month, or one year is optimal. A power source will be selected.

  According to the power source selection method according to the present invention, as described above, among the many types of diversified power sources, the quality required by the customer is satisfied, and an indirect environmental load increase factor or environmental load reduction is achieved. Considering the factors, it is possible to appropriately select the power source with the least environmental impact. Furthermore, it is possible to select a power source that does not adversely affect other consumers.

  The environmental load database 21, the environmental load reduction database 24, the power system database 25, or the environmental load database 26 of the power quality improvement additional device used for calculating the environmental load is created by an existing database, for example, a device manufacturer. If there is a database or the like, it may be integrated with the existing database. Utilization of such an existing database reduces the load of database creation.

(2) Electric heat source selection method (second invention)
FIG. 3 shows an electric power supply / heat supply network to which an embodiment of the electric heat source selection method according to the present invention is applied.

  In the electric heat source selection method according to the present invention, not only the power source but also the power source and / or the heat supply source (hereinafter referred to as the electric heat source) are selected.

  The power system network 110 is connected to the power company 1, the existing power generation / heat supplier B, the customer 4, and the load 111. In addition, a power generation / heat supplier A who is scheduled to enter the market is also virtually connected to the power system network 110.

  The power system network 110 represents an electric power system for transmitting and distributing electric power to a large number of customers including the customer 4 and includes a substation, a transmission line, a transmission tower, a distribution facility, and the like.

  The electric power company 1 is an existing electric power company, has a large number of power generation facilities, and is connected to the electric power system network 110 through its own electric power system.

  The power generation / heat supplier B is an existing power generation / heat supply supplier that can supply not only power supply but also a heat source such as gas or hot water. The power generation / heat supplier A is a power generation / heat supplier scheduled to enter the market.

  The consumer 4 is supplied with electric power through the power system network 110, and in FIG. 3, the load consumed by the consumer 4 is also represented.

  The load 111 represents all loads of other consumers connected to the power system network 110 excluding the customer 4.

  On the other hand, an existing heat supply company 100 (for example, a gas company), an existing power generation / heat supplier B, a customer 4, and a load 121 are connected to the pipeline network 120 for heat supply. Further, a power generation / heat supplier A who is scheduled to enter the market is also virtually connected to the pipeline network 120.

  The pipeline network 120 is a pipeline network for transporting a heat source to a large number of customers including the customer 4, and a heat source such as gas is transported to the customer via the pipeline network 120. The pipeline network 120 may be configured to transport waste heat accompanying power generation or waste incineration, for example, with hot water.

  The load 121 represents all loads of other customers connected to the pipeline network 120 excluding the customer 4.

  In the following description, the electric power company 1, the heat supply company 100, the power generation / heat supplier A, and the power generation / heat supplier B may be simply referred to as “electric heat source”.

  FIG. 3 is an illustration for explaining the method for selecting an electric heat source according to the present invention. The electric power company 1, the heat supply company 100, the power generation / heat are connected to the electric power network 110 and the pipeline network 120. The types and number of the supplier A and the power generation / heat supplier B are not limited by FIG.

  The electric heat source selection method according to the present invention provides a method for selecting an electric heat source with the least environmental load from electric power sources satisfying the power / heat capacity and power / heat quality required by the customer 4. is there.

  The electric heat source selected by the consumer 4 need not be fixed in time. The power / heat capacity required by the customer 4 and the quality of the power / heat are often different from season to season or even from day to day. The electric heat source selection method according to the present invention provides a method for selecting an electric heat source so that the environmental load is minimized according to each season or time zone in response to changes in demands of the customer 4. is there.

  FIG. 4 shows the flow of processing according to an embodiment of the electric heat source selection method according to the present invention.

  First, customer request information 31 is input in step ST100 (first step). The customer request information 31 is information stored in the customer request information database 200, for example. The customer request information is information related to the power / heat capacity and power / heat quality required by the customer 4.

  Next, in step ST102 (second step), environmental load information 40 is input. The environmental load information 40 is stored in the environmental load information database 201, for example. The environmental load information database 201 is provided for each electric heat source. In the example of FIG. 4, the environmental load information database 201a regarding the electric heat source of the power / heat supply company, and the environmental load information regarding the electric heat source of the power generation / heat supplier A are shown. The database 201b and the environmental load information database 201c regarding the electric heat source of the power generation / heat supplier B are configured.

  In each environmental load information database 201a, 201b, and 201c, the environmental load information 40 is stored for each hour, and the electric power / heat capacity and the electric power / heat quality that each electric heat source can supply are also stored. Yes.

  The environmental load information 40 is also information on various environmental loads calculated based on the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) method as in the power source selection method (first invention).

  In step ST103, the environmental load reduction amount is input from the environmental load reduction amount database 204.

  In step ST104 (third step), power system / pipeline network information 34 is input. The power system / pipeline network information 34 is stored in, for example, the power system / pipeline network information database 205.

  In step ST105, taking into account the power transmission / transport loss obtained from the power system / pipeline network information 34, the environmental load generated to obtain the required power / heat capacity is calculated for each time.

  In step ST106, the environmental load reduction amount is subtracted from the environmental load calculated in step ST105 for the electric heat source including the environmental load reduction element.

For example, when the electric heat source is woody biomass power generation or the like, the environmental load reduction amount is subtracted from the environmental load in consideration of the amount of CO ₂ absorbed by the forest.

  As described above, in steps ST105 and 106, the environmental load of each heat source is calculated based on the power generation capacity of each heat source for satisfying the power / heat capacity for each hour requested by the customer 4. At this time, when an environmental load reduction effect can be expected depending on the type of the electric heat source, the calculation is performed by considering (reducing) the environmental load reduction amount.

  In step ST107, based on the environmental load calculated in steps ST105 and 106, an electric heat source that minimizes the environmental load every time is selected. The electric heat source selected in step ST107 satisfies the requirements regarding the power / heat capacity among the demands of the customer 4, but the power / heat quality has not been evaluated, and further evaluation needs to be continued.

  In steps ST108 and 109 (fifth step), after evaluating the power / heat quality of the electric heat source selected in step ST107 based on the power system / pipeline network information 34, the quality of the selected electric heat source is required. Judge whether to satisfy.

  The quality of the power / heat supplied to the customer 4 is strongly influenced by the power system / pipeline network from the selected power source to the customer 4. For this reason, in evaluating (estimating) the power / heat quality of the electric heat source selected in step ST107, it is necessary to apply and evaluate the power system / pipeline network information 34. This evaluation is performed in step ST108.

  In step ST109, it is determined whether or not the quality of the selected electric heat source satisfies the power / heat quality required by the customer 4. When it is determined that the power / heat quality required by the customer 4 is not satisfied (No in step ST109), the process proceeds to step ST110.

  In step ST110, after estimating the power / heat quality improvement adding device for improving the power / heat quality so as to satisfy the power / heat quality required by the customer 4, this power / heat quality improvement adding device is estimated. For example, the environmental load (amount of increase in environmental load) newly generated by the above is input from the environmental load database 206 of the power / heat quality improvement additional device, for example.

  In step ST111, the environmental load increase amount by the power / heat quality improvement adding device is added to the environmental load calculated in step ST105. With respect to the result, it is determined again in step ST107 which electric heat source causes the smallest environmental load, and the electric heat source with the smallest environmental load is selected.

  Through the above steps, the heat source with the least environmental load is selected from the heat sources satisfying the power / heat capacity and power / heat quality required by the customer 4 (Yes in step ST109).

  In step ST112, the influence on other consumers is evaluated. To what extent other consumers are connected to the selected heat source can be determined from, for example, the power system / pipeline network information 34.

  When it is determined that the influence on other consumers is below the allowable value (Yes in step ST113), the electric heat source selected in the immediately preceding step ST107 is finally selected.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step ST113 that the influence on other consumers exceeds the allowable value, the consumer 4 cannot select the electric heat source.

  For this reason, in step ST114, the electric heat source selected in the immediately preceding step ST107 is excluded from the selection target, and again in step ST107, the environmental load is the second lowest in the range of the initial selection target, that is, in the initial selection target range. An electric heat source with a small amount will be selected.

  For the second heat source with the least environmental load, after similarly determining whether or not the quality of the heat source satisfies the demand of the customer 4 (step ST109), the heat source is finally selected. The

  Since these examinations are performed every hour, for example, the same evaluation is performed in increments of one hour, and finally, the optimum step size specified on the time axis such as 24 hours, one month, or one year is optimal. An electric heat source will be selected.

  According to the method for selecting an electric heat source according to the present invention, as described above, among the various types of electric heat sources that are diversified, the quality required by the customer is satisfied, and an indirect environmental load increase factor or environment The electric heat source with the least environmental load can be appropriately selected in consideration of the load reduction factor. Furthermore, it is possible to select an electric heat source that does not adversely affect other consumers.

(3) Power supply evaluation system (third invention)
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a system configuration of an embodiment of the power supply evaluation system 30 according to the present invention.

  The power supply evaluation system 30 includes a customer request information input unit 32 for inputting customer request information 31 including the power capacity and power quality required by the customer, and customer request information input by the customer request information input unit 32. A customer request information storage means 33 for storing 31 is provided.

  Further, the power supply evaluation system 30 includes a power system network information input means 35 for inputting power system network information 34 including information on the configuration of the power system network from the power source to the customer and transmission and distribution lines, and the power system network information input. A power system network information storage unit 36 for storing the power system network information 34 input by the unit 35 is provided.

  Furthermore, the power supply evaluation system 30 includes an environmental load information input unit 41 that inputs environmental load information 40 related to the environmental load when each power supply supplies power, and an environmental load information storage unit that stores the input environmental load information 40. 42 is provided. The environmental load information storage means 42 includes environmental load information storage means 42a, 42b, 42c, etc. for each power source, for example, for each electric power company or power generator.

  In addition, when the power source includes an environmental load reducing element, the storage means 43 for storing the environmental load reduction amount of the power source, and the environmental load increase amount by the power quality improvement additional device necessary to satisfy the power quality are stored. Storage means 44 is provided.

  Each output of the customer request information storage means 33, the power system network information storage means 36, the environmental load information storage means 42, the storage means 43 for storing the environmental load reduction amount, and the environmental load increase amount storage means 44 is a power source selection means. 50.

  The power source selection unit 50 includes therein a unit 51 for calculating a power transmission loss 51, a unit 52 for calculating an environmental load for each hour and for each power source, and a unit 53 for selecting a power source for each hour.

  The output of the power source selection means 50 is connected to an evaluation means 60 that evaluates the quality of the selected power source based on the power system network information 34 and evaluates whether or not the quality of power required by the customer is satisfied. Yes.

  The operation of the power supply evaluation system 30 configured as described above will be described.

  First, the customer request information input unit 32, the power system network information input unit 35, and the environmental load information input unit 41 respectively input information of the customer request information 31, the power system network information 34, and the environmental load information 40. To do.

  The input form of each piece of information is not particularly limited. For example, the information may be input from an external database in which each piece of information is stored. Further, the database may be included in the power supply evaluation system 30. Or it is good also as a form input from the outside via a telecommunication line, for example.

  The contents of the input customer request information 31, the power grid information 34, and the environmental load information 40 are the same as those already described in the first invention (power source selection method), and will be described in order to avoid duplication. Is omitted.

  The inputted customer request information 31, power system network information 34, and environmental load information 40 are stored in the customer request information storage means 33, the power system network information storage means 36, and the environmental load information storage means 42, respectively. The environmental load information storage means 42 may be stored in different storage means 42a, 42b, 42c, etc. for each power source such as an electric power company and power producers A and B.

  The power selection unit 50 receives the power capacity requested by the customer from the customer request information storage unit 33 every hour. In addition, power grid information 34 is also input from the power grid information storage means 36.

  Based on the information obtained from the power system network information 34, the power transmission loss 51 of the path from each power source to the consumer is calculated. From the calculated power transmission loss 51 and the power capacity required by the customer, the power generation capacity required at the power supply end is calculated for each hour and for each power supply.

  On the other hand, the environmental load corresponding to the power generation capacity is input to the power source selection unit 50 from the environmental load information storage unit 42 for each power source. From this environmental load and the required power generation capacity, the environmental load for each power source is calculated every hour. The above environmental load calculation process is the same as that described in step ST5 of the power source selection method (first invention).

  For a power source including an environmental load reduction element, such as woody biomass power generation, the environmental load reduction amount is subtracted from the calculated environmental load as described in step ST6 of the power source selection method (first invention). . In this way, the environmental load of each power source is calculated based on the power generation capacity of each power source for satisfying the hourly power capacity requested by the customer 4. At this time, when an environmental load reduction effect can be expected depending on the type of power source, the calculation is performed by considering (reducing) the environmental load reduction amount. These calculations are performed by the environmental load calculation means 52 for each time and for each power source.

  Next, the hourly power source selection means 53 selects a power source having the smallest environmental load every hour. The power source selected here satisfies the demand regarding the power capacity among the demands of the consumer, but the quality of the power demanded by the consumer has not been evaluated.

  Therefore, the evaluation means 60 further evaluates the quality of the power source.

  That is, after evaluating the power quality of the selected power source based on the power system network information 34, it is determined whether or not the power quality of the selected power source satisfies the power quality required by the customer 4. .

  If it is determined that the power quality required by the customer 4 is not satisfied, a power quality improvement additional device for improving the power quality is estimated. Then, the environmental load increase amount is input from the environmental load increase storage means 44 of the power quality improvement additional apparatus necessary for satisfying the power quality to the power source selection means 50 as an additional amount, and the environmental load is calculated again.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the quality of power required by the customer 4 is satisfied, the influence on other customers is evaluated as a final evaluation. If the influence on other customers is less than or equal to the allowable value, the selected power supply is output every hour as evaluation good, and detailed evaluation information is output as necessary.

  The above-described evaluation / processing contents in the evaluation means 60 are the same as the processing contents from step ST8 to ST14 in the power source selection method (first invention) according to the present invention, and detailed description is omitted. .

  According to the power supply evaluation system according to the present invention, as described above, among the various types of power supplies that have been diversified, the quality required by the consumer is satisfied, and indirect environmental load increase factors and environmental load reduction are achieved. Considering the factors, it is possible to appropriately select the power source with the least environmental impact. Furthermore, it is possible to select a power source that does not adversely affect other consumers.

(4) Power supply evaluation program (fourth invention)
The embodiment of the power supply evaluation program according to the present invention causes a computer to execute the processing of Step 1 to Step 14 shown in FIG. Details of the processing are omitted because they overlap with the description of the embodiment of the power source selection method (first invention).

  According to the power supply evaluation program according to the present invention, the quality required by the consumer is satisfied from among a wide variety of types of power supplies, and indirect environmental load increasing factors and environmental load reducing factors are taken into consideration. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately select the power source with the least environmental load. Furthermore, it is possible to select a power source that does not adversely affect other consumers.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, the constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

  Further, the present invention does not mention power source selection and power source evaluation from the viewpoint of economic efficiency, but does not exclude economic efficiency. For example, the embodiment may be selected from a plurality of power sources selected in order of decreasing environmental load in consideration of economic efficiency by a known method.

The figure which shows an example of the electric power supply network which concerns on embodiment of the power supply selection method, power supply evaluation system, and power supply evaluation program which concern on this invention. The figure which shows the flow of a process of embodiment of the power supply selection method and power supply evaluation program which concern on this invention. The figure which shows an example of the electric power / heat supply network which concerns on embodiment of the electric-heat-source selection method which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows the flow of a process of embodiment of the electric-heat-source selection method which concerns on this invention. 1 is a system configuration diagram according to an embodiment of a power supply evaluation system according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1. Electricity company (power supply)
2 Generator A (Power)
3 Generator B (Power)
4 Customer 20, 200 Customer demand information database 21, 201 Environmental load database 24, 204 Environmental load reduction database 25, 205 Power system (power system / pipeline network) database 26, 206 Power quality improvement additional device (power / Environmental load database 30 of the heat quality improvement additional device 30 Power supply evaluation system 31 Customer demand information 32 Customer demand information input means 33 Customer demand information storage means 34 Power system network information 35 Power system network information input means 36 Power system network information Storage means 40 Environmental load information 41 Environmental load information input means 42 Environmental load information storage means 50 Power source selection means 60 Evaluation means 100 Heat supply company (electric heat source)
101 Power generation / heat supplier A (electric heat source)
102 Power generation / heat supplier B (electric heat source)

Claims (10)

In the power source selection method for selecting the optimal power source for power energy consumers,
A first step of inputting customer request information including the quality of power required by the customer;
For each of a plurality of power sources capable of supplying power, environmental load information including the environmental load generated by the power supply and calculated based on a predetermined standard, and the quality of the power that can be supplied. A second step of input;
A third step of inputting power grid information including a configuration of a power grid that transmits and distributes power from the plurality of power sources to the consumer;
For each of the plurality of power supplies, the environmental load that occurs with the supply of power to the consumer is calculated based on the customer request information, the environmental load information, and the power system network information, and the environmental load is the largest. A fourth step of selecting fewer power sources;
A fifth step of evaluating the power quality of the selected power source and evaluating whether the evaluated power quality satisfies the power quality required by the consumer;
With
In the fourth step, when an element that reduces the environmental load is included in the plurality of power supplies, an environmental load reduction amount based on the reducing element is subtracted from the calculated environmental load, and the fifth step If the quality of power evaluated in the step does not satisfy the quality of power required by the consumer, the environment added by the power quality improvement additional device required to satisfy the quality of power requested by the consumer A power source selection method comprising: adding a load as an environmental load increase amount to the calculated environmental load, and selecting a power source having the smallest environmental load after the subtraction or addition. The fifth step further evaluates the influence of the consumer on the other consumer when the selected power source supplies power to the other consumer,
2. The power source selection method according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, when the influence is larger than a predetermined value, a power source having the least environmental load next to the selected power source is selected. The power source according to claim 1, wherein the selection of the power source in the fourth step and the evaluation of whether or not the quality of the power in the fifth step is satisfied are performed at predetermined time intervals. Selection method. 2. The power source selection method according to claim 1, wherein the power quality includes any one or a combination of two or more of at least a frequency fluctuation amount, a voltage drop amount, and a harmonic content. Factors that reduce the environmental load include a waste reduction effect by waste power generation including woody biomass power generation, and a CO ₂ absorption effect of trees that increase with forest maintenance by thinning of thinned wood as fuel The power source selection method according to claim 1. The predetermined standard for calculating the environmental load is a standard based on the LCA technique, and when the individual information for calculating the environmental load is available for the inventory analysis in the LCA technique, the accumulation method is applied. 2. The method of selecting a power source according to claim 1, wherein a hybrid LCA method that applies an input-output system is applied when the information is not available. If there is an existing environmental load database, the environmental load database including the environmental load information calculated based on the predetermined standard is integrated with the existing environmental load database, the environmental load, the environmental load reduction amount, The power source selection method according to claim 1, further comprising: calculating an increase amount of the environmental load. In an electric heat source selection method for selecting an optimal electric heat source for both electric power and / or heat consumers,
A first step of inputting customer request information including quality and / or quality of power and / or heat required by the customer;
For each of a plurality of electric heat sources capable of supplying either or both of electric power and heat, the environmental load caused by the supply of electric power and / or heat is calculated based on a predetermined standard. A second step of inputting environmental load information including the environmental load and the quality of power and / or heat that can be supplied;
A third step of inputting power system network information or pipeline network information for supplying power and / or heat from the plurality of electrical heat sources to the consumer;
For each of the plurality of electric heat sources, the environmental load caused by the supply of electric power and / or heat to the consumer is represented by the consumer request information, the environmental load information, and the power system network information or pipe. A fourth step of calculating based on line network information and selecting an electric heat source with the least environmental load;
The quality of the power and / or heat of the selected electric heat source is evaluated, and the evaluated power and / or heat quality is the power and / or heat required by the consumer. A fifth step of assessing whether the quality of
With
In the fourth step, when an element that reduces the environmental load is included in the plurality of electric heat sources, an environmental load reduction amount based on the element to be reduced is subtracted from the calculated environmental load, If the quality of the power and / or heat evaluated in step 5 does not satisfy the quality and / or the power required by the consumer, the power required by the consumer and The environmental load added by the quality improvement adding device necessary to satisfy both or either of the heat qualities is added to the calculated environmental load as an environmental load increase amount, and the environmental load after the subtraction or addition is An electric heat source selection method characterized by selecting the least electric heat source. In a power supply evaluation system that evaluates and selects the optimal power supply for power energy consumers,
Consumer request information input means for inputting customer request information including the quality of power required by the consumer;
Customer request information storage means for storing the input customer request information;
For each of a plurality of power sources capable of supplying power, environmental load information including the environmental load generated by the power supply and calculated based on a predetermined standard, and the quality of the power that can be supplied. Environmental load information input means to input,
Environmental load information storage means for storing the input environmental load information;
Power grid information input means for inputting power grid information including a configuration of a power grid that transmits and distributes power from the plurality of power sources to the consumer;
Power grid information storage means for storing the input power grid information,
For each of the plurality of power supplies, the environmental load that occurs with the supply of power to the consumer is calculated based on the customer request information, the environmental load information, and the power system network information, and the environmental load is the largest. A power source selection means for selecting a small power source,
An evaluation means for evaluating the power quality of the selected power source and evaluating whether the evaluated power quality satisfies the power quality required by the consumer;
With
When the power selection means includes an element for reducing the environmental load among the plurality of power supplies, the power selection means subtracts an environmental load reduction amount based on the element to be reduced from the calculated environmental load, and the evaluation means If the evaluated power quality does not meet the power quality required by the consumer, the environmental load added by the power quality improvement additional device required to satisfy the power quality required by the consumer is A power supply evaluation system comprising: adding to the calculated environmental load as a load increase amount, and selecting a power supply having the smallest environmental load after the subtraction or addition. In the power supply evaluation program that evaluates and selects the optimal power supply for power energy customers,
A first step of inputting customer request information including the quality of power required by the customer;
For each of a plurality of power sources capable of supplying power, environmental load information including the environmental load generated by the power supply and calculated based on a predetermined standard, and the quality of the power that can be supplied. A second step of input;
A third step of inputting power grid information including a configuration of a power grid that transmits and distributes power from the plurality of power sources to the consumer;
For each of the plurality of power supplies, the environmental load that occurs with the supply of power to the consumer is calculated based on the customer request information, the environmental load information, and the power system network information, and the environmental load is the largest. A fourth step of selecting fewer power sources;
A fifth step of evaluating the power quality of the selected power source and evaluating whether the evaluated power quality satisfies the power quality required by the consumer;
To the computer,
In the fourth step, when an element that reduces the environmental load is included in the plurality of power supplies, an environmental load reduction amount based on the reducing element is subtracted from the calculated environmental load, and the fifth step If the quality of power evaluated in the step does not satisfy the quality of power required by the consumer, the environment added by the power quality improvement additional device required to satisfy the quality of power requested by the consumer A power supply evaluation program configured to add a load as an environmental load increase amount to the calculated environmental load and select a power supply having the smallest environmental load after the subtraction or addition.

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