JP4126813B2 - AC generator for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an automotive alternator, and in particular, to a rectifying device thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An example of a conventional rectifier structure of a vehicle alternator is shown in FIGS.
[0003]
The −, + fins 101, 102 to which the rectifying element 100 is attached are arranged in the axial direction so as to be parallel to each other, and the outside air (cooling air) is positioned in the vicinity of the rectifying element 100 of the − fin 101 and the protective cover 103. The air flows from the cooling air inlet 104 that opens to the inside of the diameter along the main surfaces of the fins 101 and 102, and cools the rectifying element 100 through the fins 101 and 102 or directly.
[0004]
Further, the fins 101 and 102 are fixed to the frame 111 by bolts 114 and nuts 115, and the −fin 101 is cooled by heat transfer to the frame 111 through the bolts 114.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, due to space saving in the engine room in recent years, the deterioration of the temperature environment in the engine room becomes serious, and cooling by the axial cooling air cannot be expected through the opening of the rectifying element 100, particularly the protective cover. The cooling enhancement is a problem.
[0006]
To increase the cooling of the rectifier element, increasing the size of the fin is simple and effective. However, the increase in size of the fin increases the vibration energy transmitted to the fin through the frame and bolts. As a result, problems such as -fin noise and -adverse effects on the rectifying element and the wiring system are increased.
[0007]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides an AC generator for a vehicle in which the cooling performance of the rectifying element is enhanced while suppressing increase in vibration of the fin. It is said.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the rectifying device for an AC generator for a vehicle according to claim 1, the fin is extended substantially parallel to the outer end surface of the frame while facing the outer end surface, and the cooling air is radially inward along the main surface of the fin. To flow through and cool through the fins and the rectifying element.
[0009]
In this configuration, in particular, the protruding portion that protrudes from the outer end surface of the frame and the tip end surface closely contacts the fin, and the protruding portion protrudes from the outer end surface of the frame at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction and the − And a plurality of fastening and fixing portions to which the fins are fastened.
In the present invention, the protrusions are located between two fastening fixing portions provided at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and are disposed at predetermined intervals with respect to the two fastening fixing portions. The
In this way, it is possible to improve the cooling performance of the rectifying element while suppressing increase in vibration of the fin.
To explain further, this protrusion is supported at both ends by both fastening and fixing parts, and is pressed against the abdomen at the time of vibration of the fin, so that the vibration of the fin is well regulated.
In addition, since the gap between the protrusion and the fastening fixing part on both sides thereof is narrowed by the protrusion, the cooling air flowing inward along the side surface of the rectifying element protrudes between the fin and the frame. The speed is increased by the nozzle effect, and the rectifying element and the fin are cooled with good ventilation.
Further, the protrusions can effectively transfer the heat of the fins to the frame to cool both the rectifying elements on both sides in the circumferential direction.
[0014]
Further, in the present invention, since the protrusion is disposed at a position overlapping with the adjacent −rectifying element in the radial direction, the ventilation path between the protruding part and the −rectifying element can be satisfactorily narrowed, and cooling is performed. By improving the wind speed increasing effect, it is possible to improve the ventilation cooling effect of the rectifier element and the fin.
[0015]
Here, the position overlapping in the radial direction means that the radially outer end of the protrusion is outside the radial inner end of the rectifying element and the radial inner end of the protrusion is the rectifying element. It means that it exists in a diameter inside rather than a radial direction outer end.
[0017]
That is, in the present invention, a plurality of fastening and fixing portions for fastening the fin to the outer end surface of the frame are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and the protrusions are spaced from each other at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. The protrusion is formed between the two fastening and fixing portions because the protrusion is formed between the two fastening and fixing portions and is disposed at a predetermined interval with respect to the two fastening and fixing portions. By narrowing the ventilation path through which the cooling air flows to the inside of the diameter, the cooling air can be accelerated and the ventilation cooling effect on the rectifying element and the fin can be improved.
[0018]
According to the configuration of the second aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle alternator according to the first aspect of the present invention , the protrusion is disposed at a substantially intermediate position between the two fastening fixing portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. The air volume and the air speed of the cooling air in the two ventilation paths on both sides can be made substantially equal.
[0019]
According to the configuration of claim 3, in the vehicle alternator according to claim 2 , the fastening fixing portion, the gap, and the rectifying element fixing portion are further provided between the fin and the frame from one side to the other in the circumferential direction. Since the gap, the protrusion, the gap, the rectifying element fixing part, the gap, and the fastening fixing part are arranged in order, the two rectifying elements and the fins in the vicinity thereof are driven by high-speed cooling air flowing through the gaps on both sides. It is cooled well and is supported at both ends by both fastening and fixing portions. Since the abdomen of the fin is pressed by the protrusion, the vibration of the fin can be suppressed well.
[0020]
According to the configuration of claim 4, in the vehicle alternator according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , the −fin further includes two sets of three-phase −rectifier elements spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval. protrusions of two adjacent same phase with each other in the circumferential direction - because it is disposed in a position between the rectifying element, the arrangement of claim 5, wherein it is possible to achieve the same effects as claim 1 According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle alternator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , since the rectifying element is recessed toward the frame side with respect to the main surface of the fin, the inner diameter between the fin and the frame Since the cooling air passage to is constricted by the rectifying element and the protrusion, the cooling air is further accelerated by the nozzle effect to further cool the rectifying element and the fin.
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The rectifying element may be fixed to the rectifying element mounting portion that is recessed in the main surface on the + fin side of the fin, or may be fixed to the hole opened in the fin.
[0029]
It is desirable that the protrusion is arranged on the inner diameter side of the outermost periphery of the fixing portion to the fin of the rectifying element and on the outer diameter side of the innermost circumference of the fin. Thereby, the heat | fever of -rectifier element can be efficiently transmitted to a flame | frame via a projection part, and the cooling property of a rectifier can be improved.
[0030]
In the fin, when two rectifying elements are arranged for each phase, the protrusion can be positioned between the two in-phase rectifying elements adjacent to each other, or two rectifying elements in the different phases adjacent to each other. It can be placed between the elements.
[0031]
Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated by the following examples.
[0032]
[Example 1]
A first embodiment of a rectifier for a vehicle alternator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0033]
This vehicle alternator is a so-called alternator, and receives a rotational force from an engine (not shown) via a belt (not shown) and a pulley 1 and rotates a rotor (not shown) 2. And the bearings 3c and 3d that rotatably support the rotor 2 on the frames 3a and 3b, and the rotating magnetic field generated by the rotation of the rotor 2 that is fixed to the inner periphery of the frames 3a and 3b while containing the rotor 2, An inducing stator (stator) 4, a rectifier 5 that converts AC power output from the stator 4 into DC power, a regulator 6 that adjusts the DC output voltage rectified by the rectifier 5 to a desired value, A brush 7 that supplies an excitation current to the field winding 2a of the rotor 2, and a gold that covers the end face of the frame 3b so as to cover the stator 4, the rectifier 5, the regulator 6, and the brush 7. And a manufacturing of the protective cover 8.
[0034]
The rectifying device 5 is disposed between the frame 3b and the protective cover 8, and is fastened and fixed together with the protective cover 8 to the bearing box support portion of the frame 3b. A + rectifying element 502 is attached to a + potential small-diameter fin (+ fin) 501 by soldering with a connection terminal facing the large-diameter fin (−fin) 503. The rectifying element 504 is attached to the large-diameter fin 503 of the potential by soldering with the connection terminal facing the small-diameter fin 501. Each of these connection terminals is connected to the stator lead L by a stator lead connection terminal 505. With this configuration, an AC bridge circuit is formed, and a DC output can be obtained from the B bolt 506 attached to the small-diameter fin 501 having a positive potential.
[0035]
The + rectifier element 502 means a high-side diode of the full-wave rectifier circuit, and the -rectifier element 504 means a low-side diode.
[0036]
The small-diameter fin 501 and the + rectifying element 502 are arranged on the inner diameter side and on the axial protective cover 8 side with respect to the large-diameter fin 503 and the −rectifying element 504. Accordingly, the large-diameter fin 503 and the −rectifying element 504 are arranged on the outer side and on the axial frame 3b side. An axial opening 801 is provided near the + rectifying element 502 of the protective cover 8, and a radial opening 802 is provided between the outer periphery of the frame 3 b and the protective cover 8.
[0037]
The cooling air introduced from the axial opening 801 directly hits the back surface of the portion of the small-diameter fin 501 on which the + rectifying element 502 is placed and cools it. Further, the cooling air introduced from the radial opening 802 is flowed to the back surface of the portion of the large-diameter fin 503 on which the −rectifying element 504 is placed to cool it.
[0038]
Further, the outside air directly cools the + and −rectifying elements 502 and 504. Between the protective cover 8, the small-diameter fin 501, the large-diameter fin 503, and the frame 3 b, there are gaps through which the cooling air passes, and the axial width of each gap is 10 mm or less to speed up the cooling air. 501 and the large-diameter fin 503 are cooled well. Reference numeral 810 denotes a gap (radial cooling air passage) between the frame 3b and the large-diameter fin 503. Since the small-diameter fin 501 has an annularly closed shape, the heat conduction of the small-diameter fin 501 is improved, the heat distribution becomes uniform, the entire fin can be effectively used as a cooling medium, and the surface area of the small-diameter fin 501 is improved. Cooling can be performed.
[0039]
Since the large-diameter fin 503 is directly fastened and fixed by the screw 5030 to the fastening fixing portion 3g protruding from the outer end surface of the frame 3b, the heat of the large-diameter fin 503 is satisfactorily transmitted to the frame 3b.
[0040]
The small-diameter fin 501 forms ribs 510 and 511 by bending the outer edge and the inner edge of the small-diameter fin 501 toward the axial protective cover 8. Thereby, since the cooling air sucked by the small-diameter fin 501 from the axial opening 601 is concentrated in the vicinity of the element, the cooling air flow velocity in the vicinity of the element is increased, the heat conduction efficiency is improved, and the surface area of the small-diameter fin 501 can be secured. Therefore, it cools much better.
[0041]
Further, the small-diameter fin 501 functions as a current plate that smoothens the flow of the cooling air to be sucked in from the arrangement posture, so that fan noise is reduced. Further, since the ribs 510 and 511 are bent in a direction away from the large-diameter fins 503 having different potentials, adhesion of foreign matters and accumulation of corrosion products between the fins can be avoided as compared with the case where the ribs are not bent. There are also side effects.
[0042]
Since the large-diameter fin 503 is bent in the axial direction with the inner edge of the large-diameter fin facing the frame 3b to form the rib 512, the cooling fan 21 receives the cooling air sucked from the radial opening 502 by the large-diameter fin 503. It can flow smoothly toward. Therefore, the cooling air flow velocity in the vicinity of the element is increased, the heat conduction efficiency is improved, and the surface area of the large-diameter fin 503 can be secured, so that the cooling can be performed more satisfactorily. Further, the rib 512, together with other portions of the large-diameter fin 503, also functions as a rectifying plate that smoothes the flow of the sucked cooling air, so that fan noise is reduced. Further, since the rib 512 is bent in a direction away from the small-diameter fins 501 having different potentials, there is a secondary effect that adhesion of foreign matters and accumulation of corrosion products are avoided as compared with the case where the rib 512 is not bent.
[0043]
Three terminal blocks 513 are interposed between the small-diameter fin 501 and the large-diameter fin 503. The terminal block 513 supports the bearing box 3d and is fixed at three locations of the support portion 301 extending in the radial direction. Yes. The small-diameter fin 501 and the large-diameter fin 503 are fixed together with the terminal block 513 to the support portion 301, and the small-diameter fin 501 and the large-diameter fin 503 are exposed between the terminal blocks 513. In addition, the shortest cooling air path that passes between the small-diameter fin 501 and the large-diameter fin 503 and reaches the cooling air inlet 803 of the frame 3b can be secured, and the cooling air can flow smoothly toward the cooling fan. The flow velocity of the cooling air in the vicinity of the element is increased, the heat conduction efficiency is improved, the effective cooling fin area can be secured, and the rectifying element can be cooled more satisfactorily. Further, since the flow of the cooling air to be sucked becomes smooth, there is a secondary effect that noise is reduced.
[0044]
Note that the two fins 501 and 503 are called a small-diameter fin 501 and a large-diameter fin 503 because of their relative size differences. In particular, it is important that these fins 501 and 503 have a required radial dimension in order to mount a plurality of rectifying elements. In this embodiment, the small-diameter fin 501 is configured to have a small diameter so that a plurality of + rectifying elements 502 are arranged on the small-diameter circumference as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the large-diameter fin 503 is configured to have a large diameter so that the plurality of −rectifying elements 504 are arranged on a substantially identical large-diameter circumference as illustrated in FIG. 3.
[0045]
Moreover, in this embodiment, the inner edge of the small-diameter fin 501 is smaller than the inner edge of the large-diameter fin 503, and the outer edge of the small-diameter fin 501 is the large-diameter fin. It is formed smaller than the outer edge of the outer diameter 503. And the small diameter fin 501 is arrange | positioned on the diameter inner side and the large diameter fin 503 is arrange | positioned on the diameter outer side on the basis of the axial center of the alternating current generator for vehicles.
[0046]
The frame 3b is integrally formed with a protrusion 3f that comes into contact with the large-diameter fin 503 on which the −rectifying element 504 is disposed. As shown in FIG. 3, the protruding portion 3f is provided at a circumferential intermediate position between the two fastening fixing portions 3g to which the two fastening screws 5030 are fastened. As a result, both fastening fixing portions 3g are provided as shown in FIG. The vibration of the abdomen in the vibration of the large-diameter fin 503 supported at two ends is suppressed by the protrusion 3f. Incidentally, the axial height of the projection portion 3g is in a state where the fastening screw 5030 fixing the large-diameter fin 503 to the fastening fixing portion 3g, only the height projections 3g is pressure wear diameter fin 503 .
[0047]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the projections 3f two - located between the rectifying element 504, - since it is the position overlapping the rectifying element 504 and radially squeezing the sides of the projections 3f The high-speed cooling air flowing at an increased speed due to the effect can satisfactorily cool the rectifying element 504 through the large-diameter fin 503.
[0048]
Further, unlike the fastening and fixing portion 3g, the protruding portion 3f is not fixed to the frame 3b by the fastening screw 5030, so that the number of assembling steps does not increase.
[0049]
[Example 2]
7 and 8 show a second embodiment of the vehicle alternator according to the present invention.
[0050]
In this embodiment, six + rectifying elements 502 are provided in the small-diameter fin 501 at substantially the same position in the radial direction at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and the six + rectifying elements 504 are provided in the large-diameter fin 503. Are provided at substantially the same position in the radial direction at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. The four in-phase rectifying elements on the fins 501 and 503 are arranged close to each other. As a result, the two in-phase + rectifying elements 502 are adjacent to each other at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and the two in-phase two −rectifying elements Reference numerals 504 are close to each other at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction outside the diameter of the in-phase + rectifying element 502.
[0051]
Each phase output line of the stator winding is connected to the connection terminal 5051 through the output hole 30h of the frame 30b, through the lead hole 5132 provided in the terminal block 5131, and two + A rectifier circuit is formed by being connected to the rectifier element 502 and the negative rectifier element 504.
[0052]
The screw hole 5031 is provided so that the large-diameter fin 503 to which the rectifying element 504 is fixed is directly screw-fixed to the fastening fixing part 30g of the frame 30b. As shown in FIG. 8, the protrusion 30 f corresponding to the protrusion 3 f of the first embodiment is provided at an intermediate position in the circumferential direction of the two fastening fixing portions 30 g that are located at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the large-diameter fin 503. Further, the protrusion 30f is provided at a substantially central portion in the circumferential direction and at substantially the same position in the radial direction of the two in-phase two-rectifying elements 504.
[0053]
Also in this embodiment, as in the first example, the cooling performance of the rectifying element 504 can be improved and the vibration of the large-diameter fin 503 can be reduced.
[0054]
[Modification]
In the second embodiment, an example in which each phase of the three-phase winding is rectified by two rectifying elements is shown. However, two sets of three-phase windings are used, and two rectifying elements of each group and each phase are used. You may arrange close. In this case, in FIG. 7, two lead holes 5132 for the output lines of each phase are provided, the connection terminals 5051 are divided, and the + and −rectifier elements 502 and 504 are connected to each pair to form a rectifier circuit. Is preferred.
[0055]
(Example effect)
-The fins face the outer end surface of the frame and extend substantially parallel to it, and the cooling air flows radially inward along the main surface of the fins-the fins, and the main surface of the fins In a posture that is depressed toward the frame side-fixed to the fin-The rectifying element is ventilated and cooled, and the protruding portion protrudes from the outer end surface of the frame, the tip end surface closely contacts the fin, and two adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction -Since the two rectifying elements are interposed apart from each other between the rectifying elements-The cooling performance of the rectifying elements can be improved while suppressing the vibration of the fins from being increased.
[0056]
-Since the protrusion is disposed at a position that overlaps the adjacent rectifying element in the radial direction, the air passage between the protrusion and the rectifying element can be narrowed well, and the cooling air speed increasing effect By improving the above, it is possible to improve the ventilation cooling effect of the rectifier element and the fin.
[0057]
-Since the protrusion is disposed at a substantially middle position between the two rectifying elements adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, the cooling air volume and the air speed in the two ventilation paths on both sides of the protrusion can be made substantially equal. Both the rectifying elements can be cooled uniformly.
[0058]
-A plurality of fastening and fixing portions for fastening the fin to the outer end surface of the frame are disposed at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and the protrusions are provided at two intervals spaced from each other in the circumferential direction. The protrusions are formed between the two fastening and fixing portions and are cooled to the inside of the diameter because they are disposed between the fastening and fixing portions and spaced apart from the two fastening and fixing portions. It is possible to narrow the ventilation path through which the air flows, increase the cooling air speed, and improve the cooling effect on the fins.
[0059]
-Since the protrusion is disposed at a substantially middle position between two fastening and fixing portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, the air volume and the air speed of the cooling air in the two ventilation paths on both sides of the protrusion can be made substantially equal. .
[0060]
-Between the fin and the frame, from one side of the circumferential direction to the other side, there is a fastening fixing part, a gap, a rectifying element fixing part, a gap, the protruding part, a gap, a rectifying element fixing part, a gap, and the fastening fixing part. Since they are arranged in order, the two rectifier elements and the neighboring fins are well cooled by the high-speed cooling air flowing through the gaps on both sides, and are supported at both ends by the two fastening fixing parts. The vibration of the fin can be satisfactorily suppressed.
[0061]
-The fin has two sets of three-phase rectifier elements spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and the protrusion is disposed between two rectifier elements of the same phase adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Therefore, an effect similar to that of the first aspect can be achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway sectional view in an axial direction of an automotive alternator according to a first embodiment.
2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a mounting portion of the rectifier of the vehicle alternator in FIG. 1; FIG.
3 is a front view of the vehicular AC generator shown in FIG. 1 with a protective cover 8 removed. FIG.
4 is a layout view of a frame protrusion 3f and cooling fins 501 of the vehicle alternator of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a front view of a frame of the vehicle alternator in FIG. 1;
6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the frame of the vehicle alternator of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a front view of a rectifier according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a front view of a frame according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view in the axial direction of a conventional vehicular AC generator.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a mounting portion of a conventional rectifier for an AC generator for a vehicle.
[Explanation of symbols]
4 is a stator (stator), 2 is a rotor (rotor), 3c and 3d are bearings, 21 is a cooling fan, 5 is a rectifier, 8 is a protective cover, 3a and 3b are frames, 501 is a small-diameter fin (+ fin) ), 502 is a + rectifying element, 503 is a large-diameter fin (-fin), 504 is a -rectifying element, 801 and 801a are axial openings, 802 and 802a are radial openings (openings), and 810 is radial ventilation. Road, 3f, 30f are projections of the frame, 3g, 30g are fastening parts

Claims (5)

  A frame that accommodates the rotor and the stator therein, a rectifier fixed to the outer end surface of the frame, a protective cover that covers the rectifier and is fixed to the frame, a boundary between the protective cover and the frame, or An opening formed in the peripheral wall portion of the protective cover, an intake window that is covered by the protective cover and extends through the outer end surface of the frame, and the opening, the rectifier, and the intake air that are fixed to the rotor and are externally provided A cooling fan that sucks cooling air into the frame via the windows sequentially,
  The straightening device is disposed between the fin, the protective cover, and the fin, extending substantially parallel to the outer end surface of the frame while facing the outer end surface of the frame with a predetermined gap. A plurality of -rectifying elements fixed to the fins at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction; and a plurality of -rectifying elements fixed to the fins at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. In a vehicle AC generator having a plurality of + rectifying elements fixed,
  It is located between two of the −rectifying elements (504, 504) adjacent to each other at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction, and protrudes from the outer end surface of the frame (3b), and the tip is the −fin (503). And a plurality of fastening fixings that protrude from the outer end surface of the frame (3b) at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction and the −fin (503) is fastened to the tip. Part (3g, 3g)
  The protrusion (3f) is located between the two fastening and fixing portions (3g and 3g) provided at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction and is located with respect to the two fastening and fixing portions (3g and 3g). The vehicle alternator is disposed at a predetermined interval and is disposed at a position that overlaps with the adjacent −rectifying elements (504, 504) in the radial direction. In the vehicle alternator according to claim 1 ,
The vehicle alternator according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is disposed at a substantially intermediate position between the two fastening portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. In the vehicle alternator according to claim 2 ,
Between the fin and the frame, from one side to the other in the circumferential direction, the fastening fixing part, the gap, the rectifying element fixing part, the gap, the protruding part, the gap, the rectifying element fixing part, the gap, and the fastening fixing. The AC generator for vehicles, wherein the parts are arranged in order. In the vehicle alternator according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The -fin has two sets of three-phase-rectifying elements at a predetermined interval from each other,
The vehicle alternator according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is disposed between the two rectifying elements of the same phase adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. In the vehicle alternator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
The vehicular AC generator is characterized in that the -rectifying element is recessed toward the frame side with respect to the main surface of the -fin.

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