JP4126220B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus that performs examination (measurement, imaging, etc.) of an eye to be examined in an ophthalmic clinic or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In an ophthalmologic apparatus that performs an examination such as measurement of refractive power and intraocular pressure of an eye to be examined or imaging of the fundus of the eye to be examined, the examination is executed after aligning the eye to be examined and an examination part in a predetermined positional relationship. When an examiner performs positioning, it is common to perform an alignment of the examination part with respect to the eye by operating a joystick or the like while observing the anterior eye part of the eye to be displayed displayed on a display unit such as a monitor. (See Patent Document 1).
Recently, an ophthalmologic apparatus has been proposed in which the subject is operated by the subject himself and then the examination is moved with respect to the eye to be examined by automatic alignment to advance the examination (see Patent Document 2).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-216089 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-61783
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the examiner handles the device, the examination can proceed by using the information on the display means. However, when the examinee handles the device by himself / herself, The inspection procedure may not proceed smoothly because the operation procedure of the inspection is not well understood. Moreover, in the above conventional apparatus, the display means is fixed, and only information for the examiner can be provided.
[0005]
In view of the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of smoothly proceeding with an examination by an examiner and an examination by a subject himself / herself.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.
(1) In an ophthalmologic apparatus that obtains examination information by aligning an examination unit that examines an eye to be examined with respect to the eye to be examined, the display unit includes a screen capable of displaying alignment information of the examination unit, and the orientation of the display screen Display means that can be changed between the examiner direction and the examinee direction , a mode switching means for switching between an examiner mode in which the examiner advances the examination and a self mode in which the examinee advances the examination, and the mode switching means In the case of the examiner mode, the alignment information is displayed by the display means in the case of the examiner mode, and in the case of the self mode, the inspection is smoothly performed as guide information before the execution of the operation by the inspection unit. And display control means for displaying guide information including a measurement procedure for progress by the display means .
(2) The ophthalmologic apparatus according to (1) includes a chin rest on which a subject's chin is placed at the time of examination, and a detection means for detecting that the chin is placed on the chin rest. When the detection result indicates that the chin is placed on the chin rest, the display control means replaces the guide information with the anterior eye image of the subject obtained by the inspection unit. It is characterized by being displayed on a display means .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an ophthalmic apparatus according to the present invention.
A face support unit 2 that fixes the face of the subject is fixed to the base 1 of the ophthalmic measurement unit 100. The face support unit 2 is provided with a chin rest 2a on which the subject's chin is placed so as to be movable up and down. The chin rest 2 is moved up and down by a chin rest driving mechanism that is electrically driven. The chin rest 2a is provided with a switch 2b for detecting that the subject's chin is placed.
[0008]
3 is a main body unit placed on the base 1, 5 is a measurement unit in which an inspection optical system and the like are accommodated, and the measurement unit 5 can move in the front-rear, right-and-left and up-and-down directions (XYZ directions). It is. The apparatus is provided with a joystick 4 used when an examiner performs alignment. By tilting the joystick 4 back and forth and left and right, the measuring unit 5 moves in the front and rear and right and left directions with respect to the main body 3. Further, when the rotary knob 4 a of the joystick 4 is rotated, the measuring unit 5 moves up and down with respect to the main body unit 3.
[0009]
Reference numeral 7 denotes a monitor, and the display screen 7a is composed of a liquid crystal. The display screen 7a displays alignment information such as an anterior segment image of the eye to be examined and other information. The monitor 7 and the measuring unit 5 are connected by a connecting unit 20, and the monitor 7 can be rotated around the shaft 20a of the connecting unit 20, and the display screen 7a can be switched between an examiner direction and a subject direction. Is possible. The measurement unit 5 is provided with a detection unit that detects the switching direction of the display screen 7 a of the monitor 7. The display direction detection unit 22 can use a configuration in which a photo sensor and a light shielding plate are combined, a micro switch, or the like. As shown in FIG. 1, when the display screen 7 a is directed to the examiner side, an ON signal is output from the display direction detection unit 22. As shown in FIG. 2, when the display screen 7 a is directed toward the subject, an OFF signal is output from the display direction detection unit 22. Reference numeral 8 denotes a switch unit having various setting switches such as a print switch.
[0010]
In addition, the face support unit 2 is provided with a subject detection unit 24 that detects that the subject is located nearby. The subject detection unit 24 can be configured by a distance measuring sensor including a light source that emits infrared light and a light receiving element that receives infrared light. When the reflected light from the subject is received by the light receiving element, it is detected that the subject is located in the vicinity of the apparatus.
[0011]
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an optical system and a control system arranged inside the measurement unit 5. An inspection optical system 11 is disposed on the optical axis L1. The inspection optical system 11 is, for example, an eye refractive power measurement optical system. Since the eye refractive optical system can adopt a well-known configuration, the details are omitted.
[0012]
The measurement unit 5 houses an alignment index projection optical system and an alignment detection optical system. The alignment index projection optical system includes a first index projection optical system 30 and a second index projection optical system 40.
[0013]
The first index projection optical system 30 is an optical system that projects an alignment index for detection in the horizontal and vertical directions (XY directions) from the front of the eye to be examined. Near-infrared light from the light source 31 is converted into a substantially parallel light beam by a lens 32. After that, the eye is irradiated through the beam splitters 133, 51, and 46 arranged on the optical axis L1.
[0014]
The second index projection optical system 40 includes two sets of projection optical systems 40a and 40b arranged symmetrically at a predetermined angle across the optical axis L1, and light arranged at a wider angle than the projection optical systems 40a and 40b. Two sets of projection optical systems 40c and 40d having an axis and symmetrically arranged with respect to the optical axis L1 are provided. The projection optical systems 40a and 40b are composed of infrared point light sources 41a and 41b, and project a finite index onto the eye E to be examined. The projection optical systems 40c and 40d are composed of infrared point light sources 41c and 41d and collimating lenses 42c and 42d, and project an infinite index onto the eye E to be examined. Further, these projection optical systems 40a to 40d are arranged so as to project the index on the same radial line in the horizontal direction with respect to the eye E to be examined.
[0015]
The alignment detection optical system includes a first detection optical system 45 and a second detection optical system 50. The first detection optical system 45 includes a beam splitter 46, a lens 47, and a CCD camera 48. The CCD camera 48 images the face of the subject at a low magnification. The second detection optical system 50 includes a beam splitter 51, a lens 52, and a CCD camera 53. The CCD camera 53 images the eye to be examined at a high magnification, and detects an index image projected onto the eye by the alignment index projection optical system. To do. Note that the eye to be examined imaged by the second detection optical system 50 is illuminated by an infrared light source (not shown), and the face of the subject imaged by the first detection optical system 45 is illuminated by a visible light source (not shown).
[0016]
The configuration of the control system will be described. A first image processing unit 61 is connected to the CCD camera 48. The first image processing unit 61 specifies left and right eyes and obtains information for detecting the positional relationship of the left and right eyes with respect to the optical axis L1 serving as a measurement optical axis. Perform the process. A second image processing unit 62 is connected to the CCD camera 53, and the second image processing unit 62 performs processing for obtaining information for detecting the positional relationship in the XYZ directions with respect to the eye to be examined from an alignment index image by corneal reflection. Outputs of the first image processing unit 61 and the second image processing unit 62 are respectively input to the control unit 60. Connected to the control unit 60 are an X drive mechanism 70 that moves the measurement unit 5 in the left-right direction, a Y drive mechanism 71 that moves in the vertical direction, a Z drive mechanism 72 that moves in the front-rear direction, and a chin rest drive mechanism 73. Yes. Each drive mechanism includes a motor and a slide mechanism. The control unit 60 controls movement of the measurement unit 5 based on information detected by the first image processing unit 61 and the second image processing unit 62.
[0017]
Reference numeral 63 denotes a display control unit, which switches and controls information displayed on the display screen 7a of the monitor 7 to display for alignment, guide information for the subject, and the like captured by the CCD cameras 48 and 53. The control unit 60 is connected to a sound generating unit 75 that emits a sound for guiding the subject during the self mode.
[0018]
Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described. This apparatus can measure in two modes, when the subject performs measurement without an examiner and when the examiner operates the apparatus.
[0019]
First, a case where the subject himself / herself handles the apparatus and proceeds with the inspection will be described. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the display screen 7a of the monitor 7 is oriented in the direction of the subject in advance. An OFF signal is output from the display direction detector 22, and it is detected that the display screen 7a is directed toward the subject. The control unit 60 switches the examination mode to the self mode by the subject himself / herself by this signal.
[0020]
When the subject approaches the ophthalmologic measurement unit 100 and the subject detection unit 24 detects that the subject is positioned in front of the measurement unit 5, the display screen 7a displays a measurement procedure and a caution at the time of examination. Items are displayed. For example, the eye refractive power can be measured, the examination starts automatically by placing the jaw on the chin rest 2, and the eyes need to be opened widely during the measurement. (See FIG. 4). When the switch operation by the subject is necessary, the layout position of the switch can be displayed graphically to guide the switch operation. The self-measurement by the subject himself / herself can be smoothly performed by the guide by such display. The display content is controlled by the display control unit 63. At this time, it is possible to obtain a better understanding of the subject by performing voice guidance from the voice generation unit 75 in accordance with the progress of the measurement procedure.
[0021]
When the subject's chin is placed on the chin rest 2 a, a detection signal is output from the switch 2 b and input to the control unit 60. The controller 60 starts automatic alignment using the signal from the switch 2b as a trigger. First, the position of both eyes of the subject is detected from a low-magnification image captured by the CCD camera 48. The first image processing unit 61 performs edge extraction on the image obtained from the CCD camera 48. Since there are many edges in the face in the face, the edge image data can be analyzed in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the eye position can be almost specified from the obtained edge distribution (the eyebrows part). Even if many edges appear, it can be distinguished by looking at the horizontal and vertical edge shapes). When the position of the eye can be almost specified, the black portion of the pupil is extracted by extracting the density information from the image in the vicinity. Since the pupil is the darkest around the eye, the position of the eye in the X and Y directions can be specified.
[0022]
The control unit 60 moves the measurement unit 5 with respect to the first measurement eye (for example, the right eye) based on the position detection information of the eye to be examined. When the deviation in the Y direction is larger than the movement limit of the measuring unit 5, the chin rest 2a is moved up and down by the chin rest driving mechanism 73. Thus, when the measurement unit 5 is roughly aligned with the eye to be inspected and the alignment index image is picked up by the CCD camera 53, the movement of the measurement unit 5 is switched to the control based on the detection of the alignment index image. The index image captured by the CCD camera 53 is detected and processed by the second image processing unit 62. The controller 60 obtains a displacement in the X and Y directions from the index image of the first index projection optical system 30 located in the center among the detected index images, and drives and controls the X drive mechanism 70 and the Y drive mechanism 71. The measurement unit 5 is moved. Further, the alignment state in the Z direction is detected by comparing the infinite distance index and the finite distance index of the second index projection optical system 40 (see JP-A-6-46999). Based on the detection result, the control unit 60 drives and controls the Z drive mechanism 72 to move the measurement unit 5 in the Z direction. When it is determined that the alignment state in the XYZ directions is appropriate, the control unit 60 generates a trigger signal and performs measurement by the measurement optical system 11.
[0023]
After the measurement of the right eye is completed, the measurement unit 5 is moved by the same alignment, and the measurement of the left eye is automatically executed. When the measurement of both eyes is completed, the sound generation unit 75 announces that fact and a message is displayed on the display screen 7a.
[0024]
When the subject detection unit 24 detects that the subject has left the ophthalmologic measurement unit 100, the display on the display screen 7a is turned off and the power saving mode is set. At this time, when the ophthalmologic measurement unit 100 is installed in the store, it may be switched to display a message such as a store advertisement.
[0025]
Next, a case where the examiner operates the apparatus and proceeds with the examination will be described. When the monitor 7 is rotated around the axis 20a of the connecting portion 20 and the direction of the display screen 7a is changed to the examiner direction as shown in FIG. 1, the display screen 7a is linked to the change of the direction of the display screen 7a. Display information can be changed. The display direction detection unit 22 detects that the display screen 7a is directed in the examiner direction. With this detection signal, the control unit 60 switches the inspection mode to the examiner mode. In the examiner mode, the display information on the display screen 7 a is set to the display mode of the anterior segment image captured by the CCD camera 53 under the control of the display control unit 63. FIG. 5 is a display example. In the display for the examiner, in addition to the anterior segment image M captured by the CCD camera 53, the reticle 80, the indicator 81 for alignment in the Z direction, and the like are displayed. As a result, the examiner can perform the alignment operation while observing the display screen 7a.
[0026]
The examiner moves the measurement unit 5 in the XYZ directions by operating the joystick 4 and the rotary knob 4a so that the anterior segment image M of the measurement eye is displayed on the display screen 7a. In the case of manual measurement, the examiner moves the measurement unit 5 in the XY directions so that the center index image 83 by the first index projection optical system 30 is positioned at the center of the reticle 80 displayed on the display screen 7a. The alignment in the Z direction follows the display of the indicator 81. The alignment state in the Z direction is determined from the detection result of the index image by the second index projection optical system 40 as described above. If the degree of eye opening is not sufficient for measurement by observing the anterior segment image, the examiner can instruct the subject to open his / her eyes wide. When the positional relationship between the index image 83 and the reticle 80 and the indicator 81 are in a predetermined state, the eye refractive power measurement is executed by the examiner pressing a measurement start switch (not shown). If the alignment states in the XYZ directions are within a predetermined allowable range, the control unit 60 may automatically perform the measurement.
[0027]
Further, when the operation mode of auto alignment is set, the control unit 60 operates the joystick 4 or the like when the index images by the first index projection optical system 30 and the second index projection optical system 40 are detected. The signal is stopped, and the measuring unit 5 is moved in the XYZ directions based on the detection result of the index image. If the alignment states in the XYZ directions are within a predetermined allowable range, the measurement is automatically executed.
[0028]
When the measurement by the examiner is finished and the measurement is not continued, the display screen 7a is directed again toward the subject as shown in FIG. After a certain period of time, if the subject is not in the vicinity of the apparatus, the power saving mode is set.
[0029]
Even in the self mode in which the display screen 7a is directed toward the subject, the subject can view the display screen 7a when the subject is in an examination state in which the chin is placed on the chin rest 2a. Since this is not possible, the anterior segment image M captured by the CCD camera 53 may be displayed on the display screen 7a. When the assistant is attending, the assistant can observe the display to determine whether the alignment is appropriate and whether the eye is open properly. When the opening of the eyes is not sufficient, the opening of the eyes can be assisted while viewing the display screen 7a.
[0030]
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the monitor portion and the operation portion such as a joystick are separated from the ophthalmic measurement unit 100 with respect to the previous example.
[0031]
The operation / display unit 200 separated from the ophthalmic measurement unit 100 is electrically connected to the ophthalmic measurement unit 100 by a cable 201. As in the previous example, the operation / display unit 200 includes a monitor 202 having a display screen 202a made of liquid crystal, a joystick 204, a rotary knob 205, and a switch unit 206. Since the operation / display unit 200 is separated from the ophthalmic measurement unit 100, the direction in which the display screen 202a faces can be arbitrarily changed. The self mode by the subject himself / herself and the examiner mode by the examiner's operation are switched by a mode selector switch arranged in the switch unit 206. When the self mode is set, the operation / display unit 200 is placed on a table or the like so that the display screen 202a faces the subject. In the examiner mode, the operation / display unit 200 may be placed in a place where the examiner can easily operate. In accordance with the switching between the self mode and the examiner mode, the display content of the display screen 202a is switched as in the previous example.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, both the inspection by the examiner and the inspection by the subject himself / herself can proceed smoothly. In addition, the monitor can be used effectively.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an ophthalmic apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram when the display screen is directed to the subject side.
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an optical system and a control system arranged in a measurement unit.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example when information for guiding a subject is displayed on a display screen.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example when an anterior segment image is displayed on a display screen.
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
5 Measurement unit 7 Monitor 7a Display screen 20 Connection unit 22 Display direction detection unit 24 Subject detection unit 63 Display control unit 200 Operation / display unit 206 Switch unit

Claims (2)

In an ophthalmologic apparatus that obtains examination information by aligning an examination unit that examines an eye to be examined with respect to the subject eye, the display unit includes a screen capable of displaying alignment information of the examination unit, and the orientation of the display screen is determined by an examiner. Display means that can be changed between a direction and a subject direction , a mode switching means that switches between an examiner mode in which the examiner advances the examination and a self mode in which the examinee advances the examination, and mode switching by the mode switching means In the case of the examiner mode, the alignment information is displayed by the display means, and in the case of the self mode, the inspection is smoothly advanced as guide information before the operation is performed by the inspection unit. An ophthalmologic apparatus, comprising: display control means for causing the display means to display guide information including the measurement procedure . The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1 includes a chin rest for placing the subject's chin at the time of examination, and detection means for detecting that the chin is placed on the chin rest, according to a detection result of the detection means. When the chin is placed on the chin cradle, the display control means uses the anterior eye image of the subject obtained by the examination section instead of the guide information on the display means. An ophthalmologic apparatus characterized by being displayed .

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