JP4120049B2 - Tunnel machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator for excavating and constructing a tunnel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a tunnel excavator for excavating a tunnel having a circular cross section, there is a so-called shield excavator.
[0003]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the shield machine is configured by pulling a trailing carriage B behind the machine body A provided with the cylindrical shield frame 1. The excavator is excavated by the cutter 2 provided at the top, and the segment s supplied from the segment supply device 3 provided at the succeeding carriage B is transferred to the erector 4 provided at the rear of the excavator body A. Thereafter, the tunnel wall H immediately after excavation is assembled by the erector 4.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the tunnel excavator in which the follower truck B is pulled by the excavator main body A in this way, as shown in FIG. 7, when the excavator main body A approaches the tunnel curve section, the follower carriage There is an inconvenience that the center line C of B is eccentric from the tunnel center line T and flows outside the curve.
[0005]
Therefore, as shown in the drawing, the support beam 5 of the subsequent carriage B is pin-coupled to the excavator main body A so as to be swingable, and a centering device 6 such as a hydraulic jack is provided at the rear end or the front end of the subsequent carriage B. Provided, the direction of the following carriage B is corrected using the reaction force of the tunnel wall H and the excavator main body A, and a forced centering operation is performed.
[0006]
However, in such a compulsory centering method using the centering device 6, a large local force is applied to the succeeding carriage B, the tunnel wall H, or the excavator main body A, so that the strength thereof must be increased more than necessary. In addition, the frame 7 of the succeeding carriage B may be bent, and smooth centering may not be performed.
[0007]
Furthermore, the provision of such a centering device 6 necessitates hydraulic control and electric control, and there is a problem that the operation and the entire excavator are complicated and expensive.
[0008]
Therefore, the present invention has been devised to effectively solve such problems, and its purpose is to easily and smoothly center the subsequent carriage without using a forced centering device such as a hydraulic jack. A new tunnel digging machine capable of performing
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a tunnel excavator including a succeeding carriage that is swingably pulled with respect to the excavator main body behind the excavator main body for excavating the tunnel. A roller conveyor-like automatic centering device is provided at the bottom of the support leg at the bottom of the support leg, which is centered on the bottom of the tunnel by its own weight at the bottom of the support leg supported on the bottom surface. A support plate that is curved in the circumferential direction along the bottom surface of the tunnel, a device body that is placed on the bottom surface of the tunnel below the support plate, and a plurality of shafts that are supported by the device body at intervals in the tunnel circumferential direction. A rotating roller having a sliding roller extending in the tunnel axis direction, the support plate is mounted on the sliding roller, and the subsequent carriage is centered on the bottom surface of the tunnel by its own weight. It is those that.
The self-aligning device includes a device main body in which an upper surface side on which the support leg is placed is curved in a circumferential direction along the tunnel bottom surface, and a rotation axis of the device main body provided on the upper surface of the device main body. And a traction roller that moves in and out of the lower surface of the apparatus main body and travels in the axial direction of the tunnel.
[0010]
According to the above configuration, even if the subsequent carriage B is decentered from the center line of the tunnel in the tunnel curve section, the subsequent carriage B slides on the automatic alignment device by its own weight and returns to the center of the tunnel. Smooth centering.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a preferred embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0012]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention. In the figure, A is an excavator body, B is a carriage-like succeeding carriage pulled by the excavator body A, 1 A cylindrical shield frame constituting the outer shell of the excavator main body A, 2 is a cutter that is pivotally supported by the shield frame 1 to excavate a front ground, and 4 is a segment s supplied from the trailing carriage B side. 8 and 8 are propulsion jacks that take the reaction force from the tunnel wall H and advance the excavator main body A forward.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the succeeding carriage B is obtained by attaching a substantially rectangular frame 7 to a support beam 9 extending in the axial direction from the rear part of the engraving machine main body A. A supply device 3 and a hoist beam 10 are provided.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 1, the tip of the support beam 9 is connected to the substantially central part of the rear part of the machine main body A by a pin joint P, and the entire subsequent carriage B is moved to the left and right in the digging direction around the pin joint P. It is towed so that it can swing freely.
[0015]
In addition, a roller conveyor-like automatic alignment device 11 is provided at the rear end portion of the succeeding carriage B, and the support legs 12 and 12 of the succeeding carriage B are directly placed on the upper surface of the succeeding carriage B, and the frame 7 side. It is towed together with the following carriage B by a pusher 13 extending from the rear.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the automatic alignment device 11 is used by being placed directly on the bottom surface of the tunnel wall H, and the circumferential direction along the bottom surface of the tunnel wall H. A substantially rectangular apparatus main body 14 extending so as to be curved, a plurality of sliding rollers 15 provided on the upper surface side of the apparatus main body 14, and a plurality of traction provided on the lower surface side of the apparatus main body 14 It is mainly composed of wheels 16, 16.
[0017]
First, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of sliding rollers 15 are provided so that the rotation axis thereof is parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel (in this embodiment, five each on the left and right sides of the apparatus main body 14). As shown in FIG. 3, the supporting legs 12 and 12 extending directly from the lower end of the frame 7 of the succeeding carriage B are directly supported and slid freely in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. It is like that.
[0018]
Next, a plurality (four in the present embodiment) of the traction wheels 16 are gathered near the central portion of the apparatus main body 14 so that the rotation axis thereof is orthogonal to the rotation axis of the sliding roller 15. It is provided so as to be able to protrude and retract from its lower surface, and the apparatus main body 14 is floated and smoothly moved when towing.
[0019]
That is, the rotary shafts of these traction wheels 16, 16... Are movable up and down by a coil spring (not shown), and rise when the load applied to the apparatus main body 14 increases, and protrude when the load decreases. Thus, the apparatus main body 14 is lifted. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, when a plurality of segments s are conveyed to the segment supply device 3 and the load on the succeeding carriage B increases, the traction wheels 16, 16. On the other hand, when the segment s disappears and the subsequent carriage B becomes lighter, the traction wheels 16, 16... Are projected by the force of the coil spring to float the apparatus main body 14 and move smoothly.
[0020]
On the other hand, the support leg 12 placed on the automatic alignment device 11 has a rectangular support plate that matches the curvature of the upper surface of the automatic alignment device 11 at the lower end of the support rod 17 extending from the lower end of the frame 7. 18 is integrally provided, and the load concentrated on the support rod 17 is dispersed and transmitted to the plurality of sliding rollers 15, 15...
[0021]
Next, the operation of the tunnel excavator of the present invention configured as described above will be described.
[0022]
Normally, when the excavator main body A is going straight, the follower truck B to be pulled by the excavator main body A goes straight in the same manner as the excavator main body A and hardly swings to the left or right. When entering the section and the front end portion (pin joint P) of the succeeding carriage B is pulled to the left in the digging direction as shown in FIG. 7, for example, the rear portion of the succeeding carriage B is swung to the outside of the tunnel by the reaction force. The center line C of the carriage B is greatly decentered from the tunnel center line T.
[0023]
At this time, in the conventional tunnel excavator, even if the excavator main body A is stopped in such a state, the subsequent carriage B does not return. Therefore, as described above, the centering device 6 such as a hydraulic jack is used. Although the subsequent carriage B is forcibly centered, in the case of the tunnel excavator of the present invention, the subsequent carriage B itself is automatically centered without using the conventional centering device 6.
[0024]
That is, when a force in the tunnel outer direction is applied to the rear portion of the succeeding carriage B by the reaction force when the succeeding carriage B is pulled inward of the curve, the support legs 12 and 12 of the succeeding carriage B are shown in FIG. Will slide on the sliding rollers 15, 15... Of the automatic aligning device 11 so as to roll up in the left direction in the figure, but as soon as the reaction force disappears, it is caused by the weight (attraction) of the following carriage B. The support legs 12, 12 slide down on the sliding rollers 15, 15... Of the self-aligning device 11 in the right direction in the drawing and temporarily slide in the opposite direction due to the inertial force. The centering is automatically achieved by gradually stopping at the center (lowest part) of the core device 11.
[0025]
In addition, the automatic alignment device 11 that has centered the subsequent carriage B in this way moves forward with the subsequent carriage B by the pusher 13 provided at the rear end of the subsequent carriage B, and always supports the support legs 12 and 12. This is automatically centered while supporting.
[0026]
As described above, the tunnel excavator of the present invention is provided with the automatic alignment device 11 at the lower part of the succeeding carriage B, and automatically centers using the own weight of the succeeding carriage B. As a result, forcible centering operation and the installation of the centering device 6 therefor are not required, and the tunnel excavation efficiency can be greatly improved.
[0027]
In addition, in this Embodiment, although demonstrated with the example using a shield machine as a tunnel machine, if it is the structure where the succeeding trolley B is pulled by the machine body A, it will be limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied to a so-called TBM (tunnel boring machine) that does not have the shield frame 1 as it is. Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel is not limited to a perfect circular shape as shown in the figure as long as the bottom of the tunnel is curved so as to rise to the left and right. The present invention can also be applied to a circular arc section with a cross section formed by a machine (DPLEX), a circular cross section with a cross section protrusion, or the like.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
In short, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be exhibited.
[0029]
{Circle around (1)} Centering can be automatically performed using only the weight of the succeeding carriage without using a conventional forced centering device.
[0030]
(2) Therefore, a compulsory centering device is not required, the structure is simplified, and a troublesome centering operation performed for each eccentricity is also unnecessary.
[0031]
(3) Furthermore, since the structure is simplified, the manufacturing cost of the shield machine can be reduced, and the reliability of the machine is also improved.
[0032]
(4) In addition, since smooth centering is possible, it is possible to avoid unexpected troubles occurring in the tunnel wall and the subsequent carriage.
[0033]
{Circle around (5)} Since a simple configuration is required in which a separate and independent automatic alignment device is provided at the lower part (lower surface) of the succeeding carriage, the existing tunnel excavator can be easily applied as it is with little modification.
[0034]
(6) Due to the above effects, tunnel excavation efficiency can be greatly improved, and excellent reliability and economy can be exhibited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an embodiment of a tunnel machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing a portion X in FIG. 2;
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view showing an example of a conventional tunneling machine.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing the movement of a structural carriage when a conventional tunnel excavator enters a tunnel curve section.
[Explanation of symbols]
A digging machine body B trailing carriage
11 Automatic alignment device
12 Support legs
14 Main unit
15 sliding roller
16 Traction roller

Claims (2)

In a tunnel excavator provided with a succeeding carriage to be swingably swinged with respect to the excavator main body behind the excavator main body for excavating the tunnel, the lower portion of the support leg that supports the succeeding carriage on the bottom of the tunnel It is equipped with a roller conveyor-like automatic centering device that centers the entire following carriage on the bottom center of the tunnel by its own weight .
The automatic alignment device includes a support plate provided at a lower end of the support leg and curved in a circumferential direction along a tunnel bottom surface, a device main body placed on a tunnel bottom surface below the support plate, and the device main body And a plurality of sliding rollers that are supported at intervals in the circumferential direction of the tunnel and each rotating shaft extends in the direction of the tunnel axis.
A tunnel excavator characterized in that the support plate is placed on the sliding roller, and the subsequent carriage is centered on the bottom surface of the tunnel by its own weight . In a tunnel excavator provided with a succeeding carriage to be swingably swinged with respect to the excavator main body behind the excavator main body for excavating the tunnel, the lower portion of the support leg that supports the succeeding carriage on the bottom of the tunnel It is equipped with a roller conveyor-like automatic centering device that centers the entire following carriage on the bottom center of the tunnel by its own weight.
The self-aligning device includes a device main body on which the upper surface side on which the support leg is placed is curved in the circumferential direction along the bottom surface of the tunnel, and a rotation shaft provided on the upper surface of the device main body and extending in the axial direction of the tunnel. A tunnel excavator characterized by comprising a sliding roller and a traction roller that appears and disappears from the lower surface of the main body of the device and travels in the axial direction of the tunnel.

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