JP4119934B2 - Ship and ship operation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ship provided with a POD propulsion device in addition to a main propeller, and a method for operating the ship.

In recent years, in ship propulsion devices, a POD propulsion unit has been installed at a position where there is no interference behind or in front of the main propeller for the purpose of adding the propulsion force when the propulsion generated by the main propeller is insufficient. Has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-011892 A

  FIGS. 8 and 9 respectively show specific examples of a ship provided with a POD propulsion device in addition to the main propeller. In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes the rear part of the ship hull, and 2 denotes the main propulsion for running the ship. A main propeller 10 for generating force is a POD propulsion device. The main propeller 2 is rotated by receiving a driving force from a driving engine (generally referred to as a main engine) (not shown) such as a diesel engine.

  The POD propulsion device 10 used here includes a casing 11, a POD propeller 12, a strut 13, and a column 14. The casing 11 is provided with a POD propeller 12 at a rear part (see FIG. 8) or a front part (see FIG. 9) that is substantially cylindrical, or at both front and rear parts (not shown). The POD propeller 12 has a function of generating a propulsive force by rotating, and an electric motor (not shown) that drives the POD propeller 12 is disposed inside the casing 11. A strut 13 having an airfoil cross section is provided on the upper portion of the casing 11. A strut 14 is provided at the upper end of the strut 13 as a pivot for the entire POD propulsion device 10. Since this column 14 is connected to a drive mechanism (not shown) provided on the hull side, the POD propulsion device 10 is configured to be pivotally attached to the hull rear portion 1 via the column 14. ing.

  The ship configured as described above obtains propulsive force by rotating the main propeller 2 alone, the POD propeller 12 alone, or by rotating the main propeller 2 and the POD propeller 12 together. Further, by rotating the POD propulsion device 10 about the support column 14, the strut 13 exhibits a rudder function to obtain a steering force, and the ship is turned.

  By the way, in the conventional ship mentioned above, it becomes possible to navigate at higher speed than a ship equipped with only the POD propulsion device 10 alone. Further, the strut 13 portion of the POD propulsion device 10 is used as a rudder. Therefore, particularly if the rudder is steered during high-speed navigation (going over about 20 knots), an excessive fluid force acts on the strut 13 and a very large force is applied to the column 14. Therefore, there has been a problem that the support mechanism for supporting the support column 14 and the turning mechanism for turning the POD propulsion device 10 must have sufficient strength, that is, a large-scale mechanism.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can reduce the load applied to the support mechanism and the turning mechanism of the POD thruster installed behind the main propeller, and simplify these mechanisms. It is an object to provide a ship and a ship operation method capable of reducing costs.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
The ship according to the present invention has a function as a rudder, a main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing forward / reverse rotation or changing the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and At least one POD propulsion device, a ship speed measuring device that measures the ship speed of the hull, and a control that controls the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device. The maximum steering angle is ± 90 ° when the boat speed is low, and the maximum steering angle is from ± 90 ° to 0 ° when the boat speed is medium speed. When the boat speed is high, the maximum steering angle is fixed to 0 ° .

According to the ship of the present invention, for example, when navigating the hull at a speed exceeding 20 knots, the propeller is obtained by rotating the main propeller and the POD propeller together, and the rudder of the POD propulsion device. The angle is fixed at 0 ° and the course is changed only by the rudder.
Next, when navigating more than 5 knots and less than 20 knots, the main propeller can be rotated alone or only the POD propeller can be rotated to obtain propulsive force and the maximum possible steering angle depends on the ship speed. The course is changed by using the POD propulsion device and the rudder controlled together.
In addition, when low speed (for example, 5 knots or less) navigation is required such as when entering and leaving a port, propulsion is obtained by rotating only the POD propeller, and the POD propulsion device and rudder are used in combination. The course direction is changed and / or the traveling direction is changed.
That is, when a very large force is applied to the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster, in other words, when an excessive fluid force acts on the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster when the steering angle is taken. The maximum steering angle of the POD propulsion device is limited.
Thereby, it is possible to reduce the load applied to the support mechanism and the turning mechanism of the POD propulsion device installed behind the main propeller, and it is possible to simplify these mechanisms and reduce the cost.
Further, when the boat speed is medium, the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion unit can take is linearly changed from ± 90 ° to 0 °, so that the signal from the control device to the POD propulsion unit (Command) will be simplified.
Furthermore, during low-speed navigation, the POD thruster can be operated with a steering angle of ± 90 °, so that the POD thruster can function as a stern thruster, making it easy to take off and dock. And the work time required to enter and exit the port can be shortened.

The ship according to the present invention has a function as a rudder, a main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing forward / reverse rotation or changing the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and At least one POD propulsion device, a ship speed measuring device that measures the ship speed of the hull, and a control that controls the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device. The maximum steering angle is ± 90 ° when the boat speed is low, and the maximum steering angle is from ± 90 ° to 0 ° when the boat speed is medium speed. When the boat speed is high, the maximum steering angle is fixed to 0 °.

According to the ship of the present invention, for example, when navigating the hull at a speed exceeding 20 knots, the propeller is obtained by rotating the main propeller and the POD propeller together, and the rudder of the POD propulsion device. The angle is fixed at 0 ° and the course is changed only by the rudder.
Next, when navigating more than 5 knots and less than 20 knots, the main propeller can be rotated alone or only the POD propeller can be rotated to obtain propulsive force and the maximum possible steering angle depends on the ship speed. The course is changed by using the POD propulsion device and the rudder controlled together.
In addition, when low speed (for example, 5 knots or less) navigation is required such as when entering and leaving a port, propulsion is obtained by rotating only the POD propeller, and the POD propulsion device and rudder are used in combination. The course direction is changed and / or the traveling direction is changed.
That is, when a very large force is applied to the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster, in other words, when an excessive fluid force acts on the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster when the steering angle is taken. The maximum steering angle of the POD propulsion device is limited.
Thereby, it is possible to reduce the load applied to the support mechanism and the turning mechanism of the POD propulsion device installed behind the main propeller, and it is possible to simplify these mechanisms and reduce the cost.
Further, when the boat speed is medium, the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion unit can take can be changed stepwise from ± 90 ° to 0 °, so that the signal from the control device to the POD propulsion unit (Command) will be simplified.
Furthermore, during low-speed navigation, the POD thruster can be operated with a steering angle of ± 90 °, so that the POD thruster can function as a stern thruster, making it easy to take off and dock. And the work time required to enter and exit the port can be shortened.

The ship according to the present invention has a function as a rudder, a main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing forward / reverse rotation or changing the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and At least one POD propulsion device, a ship speed measuring device that measures the ship speed of the hull, and a control that controls the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device. The maximum steering angle is ± 360 ° when the boat speed is low, and the maximum steering angle is fixed at 0 ° when the boat speed is high. It is configured.

According to the ship of the present invention, for example, when navigating the hull at a speed exceeding 20 knots, the propeller is obtained by rotating the main propeller and the POD propeller together, and the rudder of the POD propulsion device. The angle is fixed at 0 ° and the course is changed only by the rudder.
In addition, when low speed (for example, 5 knots or less) navigation is required such as when entering and leaving a port, propulsion is obtained by rotating only the POD propeller, and the POD propulsion device and rudder are used in combination. The course direction is changed and / or the traveling direction is changed.
That is, when a very large force is applied to the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster, in other words, when an excessive fluid force acts on the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster when the steering angle is taken. The maximum steering angle of the POD propulsion device is limited.
Thereby, it is possible to reduce the load applied to the support mechanism and the turning mechanism of the POD propulsion device installed behind the main propeller, and it is possible to simplify these mechanisms and reduce the cost.
In addition, since the POD propulsion unit can be operated with a steering angle of ± 360 ° during low-speed navigation, the POD propulsion unit can function as a stern thruster, making it easier to take off and dock. In addition, the work time required for entering and leaving the port can be shortened.
  Furthermore, since the POD propulsion unit can be operated with a steering angle of ± 360 ° during low-speed navigation, it is possible to obtain a backward propulsion force (reverse force) that is frequently used during takeoff and landing by the POD propulsion unit. become able to. Therefore, it is not necessary to start a driving device (generally referred to as a main engine) that rotates the main propeller in order to obtain the backward driving force.

A ship operating method according to the present invention includes a main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing the forward / reverse rotation or the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and a rudder At least one POD propulsion device having a function, a ship speed measuring device for measuring the ship speed of the hull, and a maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device. a marine method operational and a control unit for controlling, when the ship speed is slow, the maximum steering angle as ± 90 °, when the ship speed is medium speed is ± said maximum steering angle 90 It is changed linearly from 0 ° to 0 °, and when the boat speed is high, the maximum steering angle is fixed to 0 ° .

According to the ship operating method of the present invention, for example, when navigating a hull at a high speed exceeding 20 knots, the propeller is obtained by rotating the main propeller and the POD propeller together, and POD propulsion is achieved. The rudder angle of the instrument is fixed at 0 ° and the course is changed only by the rudder.
Next, when navigating more than 5 knots and less than 20 knots, the main propeller can be rotated alone or only the POD propeller can be rotated to obtain propulsive force and the maximum possible steering angle depends on the ship speed. The course is changed by using the POD propulsion device and the rudder controlled together.
In addition, when low speed (for example, 5 knots or less) navigation is required such as when entering and leaving a port, propulsion is obtained by rotating only the POD propeller, and the POD propulsion device and rudder are used in combination. The course direction is changed and / or the traveling direction is changed.
That is, when a very large force is applied to the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster, in other words, when an excessive fluid force acts on the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster when the steering angle is taken. The maximum steering angle of the POD propulsion device is limited.
Thereby, it is possible to reduce the load applied to the support mechanism and the turning mechanism of the POD propulsion device installed behind the main propeller, and it is possible to simplify these mechanisms and reduce the cost.
Further, when the boat speed is medium, the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion unit can take is linearly changed from ± 90 ° to 0 °, so that the signal from the control device to the POD propulsion unit (Command) will be simplified.
Furthermore, during low-speed navigation, the POD thruster can be operated with a steering angle of ± 90 °, so that the POD thruster can function as a stern thruster, making it easy to take off and dock. And the work time required to enter and exit the port can be shortened.

A ship operating method according to the present invention includes a main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing the forward / reverse rotation or the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and a rudder At least one POD propulsion device having a function, a ship speed measuring device for measuring the ship speed of the hull, and a maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device. And a control device for controlling the ship, wherein the maximum steering angle is ± 90 ° when the boat speed is low, and the maximum steering angle is ± 90 when the boat speed is medium. When the ship speed is high, the maximum rudder angle is fixed at 0 °.

According to the ship operating method of the present invention, for example, when navigating the hull at a high speed exceeding 20 knots, the propeller is obtained by rotating the main propeller and the POD propeller together, and the POD propulsion is performed. The rudder angle of the instrument is fixed at 0 ° and the course is changed only by the rudder.
Next, when navigating more than 5 knots and less than 20 knots, the main propeller can be rotated alone or only the POD propeller can be rotated to obtain propulsive force and the maximum possible steering angle depends on the ship speed. The course is changed by using the POD propulsion device and the rudder controlled together.
In addition, when low speed (for example, 5 knots or less) navigation is required such as when entering and leaving a port, propulsion is obtained by rotating only the POD propeller, and the POD propulsion device and rudder are used in combination. The course direction is changed and / or the traveling direction is changed.
That is, when a very large force is applied to the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster, in other words, when an excessive fluid force acts on the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster when the steering angle is taken. The maximum steering angle of the POD propulsion device is limited.
Thereby, it is possible to reduce the load applied to the support mechanism and the turning mechanism of the POD propulsion device installed behind the main propeller, and it is possible to simplify these mechanisms and reduce the cost.
Further, when the boat speed is medium, the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion unit can take can be changed stepwise from ± 90 ° to 0 °, so that the signal from the control device to the POD propulsion unit (Command) will be simplified.
Furthermore, during low-speed navigation, the POD thruster can be operated with a steering angle of ± 90 °, so that the POD thruster can function as a stern thruster, making it easy to take off and dock. And the work time required to enter and exit the port can be shortened.

A ship operating method according to the present invention includes a main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing the forward / reverse rotation or the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and a rudder At least one POD propulsion device having a function, a ship speed measuring device for measuring the ship speed of the hull, and a maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device. A ship operation method comprising a control device for controlling ,
When the boat speed is low, the maximum steering angle is set to ± 360 °, and when the boat speed is high, the maximum steering angle is fixed to 0 °.

According to the ship operating method of the present invention, for example, when navigating the hull at a high speed exceeding 20 knots, the propeller is obtained by rotating the main propeller and the POD propeller together, and the POD propulsion is performed. The rudder angle of the instrument is fixed at 0 ° and the course is changed only by the rudder.
In addition, when low speed (for example, 5 knots or less) navigation is required such as when entering and leaving a port, propulsion is obtained by rotating only the POD propeller, and the POD propulsion device and rudder are used in combination. The course direction is changed and / or the traveling direction is changed.
That is, when a very large force is applied to the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster, in other words, when an excessive fluid force acts on the support mechanism or turning mechanism of the POD thruster when the steering angle is taken. The maximum steering angle of the POD propulsion device is limited.
Thereby, it is possible to reduce the load applied to the support mechanism and the turning mechanism of the POD propulsion device installed behind the main propeller, and it is possible to simplify these mechanisms and reduce the cost.
In addition, since the POD propulsion unit can be operated with a steering angle of ± 360 ° during low-speed navigation, the POD propulsion unit can function as a stern thruster, making it easier to take off and dock. In addition, the work time required for entering and leaving the port can be shortened.
  Furthermore, since the POD propulsion unit can be operated with a steering angle of ± 360 ° during low-speed navigation, it is possible to obtain a backward propulsion force (reverse force) that is frequently used during takeoff and landing by the POD propulsion unit. become able to. Therefore, it is not necessary to start a driving device (generally referred to as a main engine) that rotates the main propeller in order to obtain the backward driving force.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to simplify the support mechanism, the turning mechanism, and the like of the POD propulsion device installed behind the main propeller, and it is possible to reduce the cost.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a ship according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part similar to the prior art mentioned above, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. FIG. 1A is a schematic right side view of the rear part of the hull, and FIG. 1B is a view of FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a rear part of a ship hull, 2 is a main propeller, 3 is a rudder, 4 is a prop, 10A and 10B are POD thrusters, 11A and 11B are casings, and 12A and 12B are POD propellers. , 13A and 13B are struts, and 14A and 14B are struts.

  The ship includes a main propeller 2, a rudder 3 that is positioned behind the main propeller 2 and is pivotably attached to the rear part 1 of the hull, and two POD thrusters that are located on both sides of the rudder 3. 10A, 10B. The rudder 3 is a plate-like member having a streamline cross section. Further, a vertical column 4 is attached to the upper portion of the rudder 3 and the upper end side of the column 4 is connected to a steering device (not shown) provided on the hull side so that the rudder 3 and the column 4 are integrated. It is designed to rotate.

  The POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B are rotatably attached to the hull rear portion 1 via support columns 14A and 14B, respectively. The POD propulsors 10A and 10B include POD propellers 12A and 12B that exert propulsive force on the rear or front (front in the illustrated example), and a casing 11A that includes a propeller drive mechanism (not shown) such as an electric motor inside. , 11B, and struts 13A, 13B having an airfoil cross section that are integrally fixed to the upper portions of the casings 11A, 11B. Vertical struts 14A and 14B are attached to the upper portions of the struts 13A and 13B, and the upper end portions of the struts 14A and 14B are connected to a turning drive mechanism (not shown) provided on the hull side to support the struts 14A and 14B. The struts 13A and 13B, the casings 11A and 11B, and the POD propellers 12A and 12B are integrally rotated. In the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B configured as described above, a propulsion force is generated by the rotation of the POD propellers 12A and 12B, the ship is navigated, and the entire propulsion device is rotated with respect to the rear part 1 of the hull. Is obtained, and the traveling direction of the ship can be changed.

  In the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B, as shown in the figure, motors that output the driving force of the POD propellers 12A and 12B are installed in the casings 11A and 11B, and the motors installed on the hull side are driven. There is a type that receives a driving force from a source (not shown).

  The ship configured in this manner rotates the main propeller 2 alone, rotates one or both of the POD propellers 12A and 12B, or either the main propeller 2 and the POD propellers 12A and 12B or Propulsion can be obtained by rotating both together. Further, in order to change the course direction and / or the traveling direction of the hull, the rudder 3 is rotated around the support column 4 and either one or both of the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B is operated around the support columns 14A and 14B. It is possible to rotate, or to rotate one or both of the rudder 3 and the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B.

  In the case where the course direction and / or the traveling direction of the hull is changed mainly by the rudder 3, the portions of the struts 13A and 13B of the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B can be made smaller than the conventional one. Thereby, the load applied to the support mechanism and the turning mechanism of the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B can be reduced, and these mechanisms can be simplified.

  Therefore, when high speed (for example, 20 knots or more) navigation is required, propulsive force can be obtained by rotating the main propeller 2 and both the POD propellers 12A and 12B together. Further, when a medium speed (for example, about 12 knots) is required, such as during navigation, the main propeller 2 is rotated alone or propelled by rotating only both POD propellers 12A and 12B. You can gain power. Further, when low speed (for example, 5 knots or less) navigation is required such as when entering or leaving a port, propulsive force can be obtained by rotating only both POD propellers 12A and 12B.

  In the present invention, in addition to these configurations, as shown in FIG. 2, the ship speed measuring device 21 for measuring the ship speed and the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B described above by the signals from the ship speed measuring device 21 are used. It is also possible to provide a control device 22 that can control the rudder angle. That is, by using these devices, for example, the steering angle control of the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be performed.

  In the case shown in FIG. 3, when the boat speed is 5 knots or less, the rudder angle of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B is within a range of ± 90 ° (where 0 ° indicates the bow direction). When the boat speed exceeds 20 knots, the steering angle is fixed at 0 ° and the steering angle is controlled so as not to be taken. That is, the information on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device 21 shown in FIG. 2 is sent as a signal to the control device 22, and the control device 22 can take the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsors 10A and 10B can take based on the signal. Is to control.

  In the case shown in FIG. 4, when the boat speed is 5 knots or less, the rudder angle of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B is within a range of ± 90 ° (here, 0 ° indicates the bow direction). When the boat speed exceeds 5 knots and is 10 knots or less, the steering angles of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B can be taken within a range of ± 70 °, and the boat speed exceeds 10 knots and 15 When the speed is less than knots, the steering angle of the POD thrusters 10A and 10B can be within a range of ± 50 °, and when the boat speed is over 15 knots and less than 20 knots, the range is within ± 30 °. This indicates that when the boat speed exceeds 20 knots, the steering angle is fixed at 0 ° and the steering angle is not controlled.

  As shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, when the boat speed exceeds 20 knots, for example, the rudder angle of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B is fixed to 0 °, and the course is changed only by the rudder 3. By doing so, an excessive fluid force does not act on the struts 13A and 13B, and an excessive load can be prevented from being applied to the support columns 14A and 14B. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the strength of the support mechanism for supporting the support columns 14A and 14B and the turning mechanism for turning the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B, so that these mechanisms can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. Can do.

  The main propeller 2 described above, the rudder 3 positioned behind the main propeller 2 and pivotably attached to the rear part 1 of the hull, and the two POD propulsion units located on both sides of the rudder 3 10A and 10B, a ship speed measuring device 21 that measures the ship speed, and a control device 22 that can control the steering angle of the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B described above by a signal from the ship speed measuring device 21. The equipped ship can be operated as follows, for example.

  For example, when navigating the hull at a high speed exceeding 20 knots, the main propeller 2 and both POD propellers 12A and 12B are rotated together to obtain propulsive force and the rudder of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B. The angle is fixed at 0 °, and the course is changed only by the rudder 3. Next, when navigating at more than 5 knots and less than 20 knots, the main propeller 2 can be rotated alone, or both POD propellers 12A and 12B can be rotated to obtain propulsive force and the maximum possible rudder. The course is changed by using the POD propulsors 10A and 10B whose angles are controlled according to the ship speed and the rudder 3 in combination. In addition, when low speed (for example, 5 knots or less) navigation is required such as when entering or leaving a port, propulsion is obtained by rotating only both POD propellers 12A and 12B, and POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B. And the rudder 3 are used together to change the course direction and / or change the traveling direction. In particular, at 5 knots or less, the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B can have a steering angle of ± 90 °, and the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B can function as stern thrusters. In addition, the work time required for entering and leaving the port can be shortened.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the steerable steering angle of the POD thrusters 10A and 10B has been described as ± 90 ° (see FIGS. 3 and 4), but the present invention is not limited to this. It can also be set to ± 360 °. In particular, when the ship speed is 5 knots or less and the operable steering angle of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B can be set to ± 360 °, the propulsive force in the rearward direction (reverse force) often used during takeoff and landing. Can be obtained by the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B, so that it is not necessary to start a driving device (generally referred to as a main engine) for rotating the main propeller 2 in order to obtain a reverse driving force.

  Moreover, it can also comprise so that the rudder angle of POD propulsion device 10A, 10B may be taken in conjunction with the rudder angle of the rudder 3, and a ship speed. That is, for example, when the boat speed exceeds 20 knots, the steering angles of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B are fixed to 0 ° by the control device 22 described above. When the boat speed exceeds 5 knots and is 20 knots or less, the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B take the rudder angle in proportion to the rudder 3 rudder angle (for example, the POD at the rudder 3 rudder angle + 35 °). The propulsors 10A and 10B have a rudder angle of + 14 °, and when the rudder 3 has a rudder angle of + 10 °, the POD propulsors 10A and 10B have a rudder angle of + 4 °. Further, when the boat speed is 5 knots or less, the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B take the rudder angle + 90 ° at the rudder 3 rudder angle + 35 °, and the POD propulsors 10A and 10B take the rudder angle + 10 ° at the rudder 3 rudder angle + 10 °. Take the steering angle + 45 °). By configuring in this way, the ship operator can control the rudder 3 and the rudder angles of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B at the same time by commanding only the rudder 3 rudder angle, and the maneuvering is greatly simplified. The

  Further, the steering angles of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B can be used only at the positions of + 90 ° and −90 °, for example. That is, during normal navigation, the steering angle of the POD propulsion device is fixed at 0 ° and the boat is operated only by the rudder, and the steering angle of the POD propulsion devices 10A and 10B is set at, for example, + 90 ° or -90 ° at the time of takeoff and landing Since it can function as a stern thruster in the position, it is possible to make it easy to take off and dock, and to shorten the work time required for entering and leaving the port. This switching of the steering angle position is performed by a switching device provided separately. Moreover, by comprising in this way, the steering apparatus for POD propulsors 10A and 10B can be eliminated, and the cost can be further reduced.

  The hydraulic pressure generated by the steering device for the rudder 3 can also be used for a turning drive mechanism that changes the rudder angle of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B. That is, the hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic pump (drive source) provided in the steering device of the rudder 3 is used for the turning drive mechanism that changes the rudder angle of the POD propulsors 10A and 10B. A pump and the like can be omitted, the configuration of the turning drive mechanism can be simplified, and the cost can be reduced.

  In the embodiment described above, the case where two POD propulsion devices are provided has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. One POD propulsion device 10 including the propeller 12 may be provided in a straight line on the keel line in the order of the main propeller 2, the rudder 3, and the POD propulsion device 10 from the bow side.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, one POD propulsion device 10 provided with a POD propeller 12 at the rear portion of the casing 11 is aligned on the keel line in the order of the main propeller 2, the POD propulsion device 10, and the rudder 3 from the bow side. It can also be provided.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, one POD propulsion device 10 having a POD propeller 12 at the front portion of the casing 11 is arranged on the keel line in the order of the main propeller 2, the POD propulsion device 10, and the rudder 3 from the bow side. It can also be provided.

In addition, according to the ship of this invention, there exist the following effects.
Propulsion is obtained by the main propeller and / or the POD thruster and the rudder is taken by the rudder and / or the POD thruster, so that the boat speed can be increased and the maneuvering performance can be improved. Play.
Further, since the rudder angle of the POD propulsion device is controlled according to the signal from the ship speed measuring device for measuring the ship speed of the hull, that is, the ship speed, the support mechanism and the turning mechanism of the POD propulsion device are excessive. It is possible to prevent the load from being applied, and it is possible to simplify these mechanisms and reduce the cost.

Furthermore, since the rudder angle of the POD thruster is fixed at 0 ° when the ship speed exceeds a predetermined value, the POD thruster support mechanism and the turning mechanism are excessive in navigation at a ship speed exceeding the predetermined value. It is possible to prevent an excessive load from being applied, and it is possible to simplify these mechanisms and reduce costs.
Furthermore, since the rudder angle of the POD propulsion device is taken in accordance with the rudder angle of the rudder, the ship operator only commands (operates) the rudder angle of the rudder, and the rudder angle of the rudder and POD propulsion device can be set. Since it can control simultaneously, there exists an effect that a ship maneuvering can be simplified significantly.

Furthermore, by setting the switching device to the 0 °, + 90 °, and −90 ° positions, the steering angle of the POD thruster is set to the 0 °, + 90 °, and −90 ° positions. Therefore, the configuration of the entire apparatus can be simplified. In other words, the steering device for the POD propulsion device can be eliminated, and the cost can be further reduced.
Furthermore, the steering device that changes the rudder angle of the rudder and the turning drive mechanism that changes the rudder angle of the POD propulsion device are driven by the same drive source, so that the steering device and the turning drive mechanism are driven. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the configuration of the drive source for this purpose, and it is possible to further reduce the cost.

  Furthermore, to change the course direction and / or traveling direction of the hull, only the rudder is used when the ship speed exceeds a predetermined value, and when the ship speed is less than the predetermined value, the rudder and the POD propulsion unit are used. Therefore, when the boat speed exceeds a predetermined value, it is possible to prevent an excessive load from being applied to the support mechanism and the turning mechanism of the POD propulsion device, and the boat speed is less than the predetermined value. In some cases, the marine vessel maneuvering performance can be improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows one Embodiment of the ship by this invention, Comprising: (a) is a schematic right view of a hull rear part, (b) is the figure which looked at (a) in the arrow A direction. It is a schematic block which shows the structure for controlling the steering angle of the POD propulsion device provided in the ship by this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the maneuverable steering angle and ship speed which show an example which the control apparatus of the ship by this invention controls the steering angle of a POD propulsion device. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the steerable steering angle and ship speed which show the other example in which the control apparatus of the ship by this invention controls the steering angle of a POD propulsion device. It is a schematic right view which shows other embodiment of the ship by this invention. It is a schematic right view which shows another embodiment of the ship by this invention. It is a schematic right view which shows another embodiment of the ship by this invention. It is a general | schematic right view of the hull rear part which shows an example of the ship provided with the POD propulsion device in addition to the conventional main propeller. It is a schematic right view of the hull rear part which shows the other example of the ship provided with the POD propulsion device in addition to the conventional main propeller.

Explanation of symbols

2 Main propeller 3 Rudder 10 POD propulsion device 10A POD propulsion device 10B POD propulsion device 21 Ship speed measuring device 22 Control device

Claims (6)

A main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing forward / reverse rotation or changing the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and at least one POD propulsion device having a function as a rudder; A ship equipped with a ship speed measuring device for measuring the ship speed of the hull, and a control device for controlling the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device. There,
When the boat speed is low, the maximum steering angle is ± 90 °, and when the boat speed is medium speed, the maximum steering angle is linearly changed from ± 90 ° to 0 °. When the vehicle is at high speed, the maximum steering angle is fixed at 0 ° . A main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing forward / reverse rotation or changing the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and at least one POD propulsion device having a function as a rudder; A ship equipped with a ship speed measuring device for measuring the ship speed of the hull, and a control device for controlling the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device. There,
When the boat speed is low, the maximum rudder angle is ± 90 °, and when the boat speed is medium speed, the maximum rudder angle is gradually changed from ± 90 ° to 0 °. When the vehicle is at high speed, the maximum steering angle is fixed at 0 ° . A main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing forward / reverse rotation or changing the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and at least one POD propulsion device having a function as a rudder; A ship equipped with a ship speed measuring device for measuring the ship speed of the hull, and a control device for controlling the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device. There,
When the boat speed is low, the maximum steering angle is ± 360 °, and when the boat speed is high, the maximum steering angle is fixed at 0 ° . A main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing forward / reverse rotation or changing the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and at least one POD propulsion device having a function as a rudder ; A ship speed measuring device for measuring the ship speed of the hull, and a control device for controlling the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device . a method of operation
When the boat speed is low, the maximum steering angle is set to ± 90 °, and when the boat speed is medium speed, the maximum steering angle is linearly changed from ± 90 ° to 0 ° so that the boat speed is high. In this case, the ship operating method is characterized in that the maximum steering angle is fixed at 0 ° . A main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing forward / reverse rotation or changing the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and at least one POD propulsion device having a function as a rudder ; A ship speed measuring device for measuring the ship speed of the hull, and a control device for controlling the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device . An operation method ,
When the boat speed is low, the maximum rudder angle is set to ± 90 °, and when the boat speed is medium speed, the maximum rudder angle is gradually changed from ± 90 ° to 0 ° so that the boat speed is high. In this case, the ship operating method is characterized in that the maximum steering angle is fixed at 0 ° . A main propeller capable of moving the hull forward and backward by changing forward / reverse rotation or changing the pitch angle, a drive engine for driving the main propeller, and at least one POD propulsion device having a function as a rudder ; A ship speed measuring device for measuring the ship speed of the hull, and a control device for controlling the maximum steering angle that the POD propulsion device can take based on the ship speed obtained by the ship speed measuring device . An operation method ,
A ship operating method , wherein the maximum steering angle is set to ± 360 ° when the boat speed is low, and the maximum steering angle is fixed to 0 ° when the boat speed is high .

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