JP4117142B2 - High frequency oscillator - Google Patents

High frequency oscillator Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4117142B2
JP4117142B2 JP2002087658A JP2002087658A JP4117142B2 JP 4117142 B2 JP4117142 B2 JP 4117142B2 JP 2002087658 A JP2002087658 A JP 2002087658A JP 2002087658 A JP2002087658 A JP 2002087658A JP 4117142 B2 JP4117142 B2 JP 4117142B2
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Prior art keywords
oscillator
dielectric resonator
oscillation frequency
pressure
frequency
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JP2002087658A
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JP2003283247A (en
Inventor
寛明 吉岡
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New Japan Radio Co Ltd
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New Japan Radio Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は高周波発振器に関し、発振周波数の温度変動が少ない高周波発振器に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の誘電体共振器を使用した高周波発振器には、(1)MIC基板で製作した発振回路を筐体等で密閉封止する構造や、(2)別のMIC基板で製作した発振回路を金属パッケージで密閉封止し、それを更に先の金属パッケージ内の圧力と同等な圧力で筐体等にパッケージした構造のものがある。図7及び図8は、それぞれの高周波発振器の断面図である。これら図において、1はMIC基板、2は誘電体共振器、3は筐体等のパッケージ、4は別のMIC基板、5は金属パッケージ、6は発振周波数調整ねじである。
【0003】
高周波発振器は、他の回路(ミキサー、アンプ等)と組み合わせてモジュール化することが多く、図7に示す高周波発振器の場合は、他の回路と同一のMIC基板1で構成できるため、安価にすることが可能である。しかし、発振周波数の温度変動の規格が厳しい場合などは、歩留まりが悪くなるため、図8に示すように金属パッケージで密閉封止された発振器を、他の回路基板と分けた構成として、これらを更に筐体等のパッケージ3に密閉封止する構造となっていた。このような構造にすると、発振器の発振周波数の温度変動が規格を越えた場合は、発振器のみを交換することで、歩留まりの低下が抑えられた。しかしながら、従来の高周波発振器においては、周辺温度が変動した場合に、誘電体共振器の発振周波数が変動しても、その変動を修正することができなかった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図8に示す構造の高周波発振器において、図7に示す構造の高周波発振器と比較して歩留まりの低下が抑えられるものの、周辺温度が変動すると、誘電体共振器の発振周波数が変動してしまい、その結果高周波発振器の発振周波数が変動してしまうという問題点があった。本発明はこのような問題点を解消し、歩留まりの低下を抑えることができると共に、周辺温度の変動があっても発振周波数の変動の少ない高周波発振器を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、請求項1に係る発明は可逆性の変形特性を有する部材で密閉封止された発振器を、さらに密閉封止した高周波発振器であり、前記発振器は、共振回路に誘電体共振器を具備し、該発振器の発振周波数が、常温から温度の上昇に伴い、低くなる特性を持つ場合には、前記誘電体共振器と該誘電体共振器上部の前記部材との間隔が狭くなるように前記部材が凹状に変形し、逆に発振周波数が高くなる特性を持つ場合には、前記誘電体共振器と該誘電体共振器上部の前記部材との間隔が広くなるように前記部材が凸状に変形して、前記発振器の前記温度変動による発振周波数の変動を緩和する高周波発振器であって、前記発振器の内部圧力と外部圧力とが異なり、前記発振器の発振周波数が、常温から温度の上昇に伴い、低くなる特性を持つ場合には、前記内部圧力が前記外部圧力より低く設定され、逆に発振周波数が高くなる特性を持つ場合には、前記内部圧力が前記外部圧力より高く設定されていることを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施形態】
図1は本発明の実施形態の高周波発振器を示す図で、1はMIC基板、2は誘電体共振器、3は筐体等のパッケージ、4は別のMIC基板、5は金属パッケージ、7は誘電体共振器2上部の可逆性の変形特性を有する部材からなる金属パッケージ部である。
【0008】
図1に示すように、本発明は少なくとも誘電体共振器2上部が、可逆性の変形特性を有する部材からなる金属パッケージ部7で構成されている点が従来例と異なる。更に、室温においてMIC基板4と誘電体共振器2とで構成される発振回路を金属パッケージ5で密閉し、さらにこの発振器をMIC基板1に実装し、これら全体を筐体等のパッケージ3に密閉する際、金属パッケージ5の内部圧力と、外部圧力即ち筐体等のパッケージ3の内部圧力とを異ならせて密閉封止する点が従来例と異なる。
【0009】
金属パッケージ5の内部圧力をP1、外部圧力即ち筐体等のパッケージ3の内部圧力をP2とすると、密閉封止する際の条件は、P1=P2と設定したとき、発振器の発振周波数が、常温から温度の上昇に伴い、低くなる特性を持つ場合には、P1<P2となるように設定する。逆に、常温から温度の上昇に伴い、発振周波数が高くなる特性を持つ場合、P1>P2となるように設定する。
【0010】
ここで具体的な数値を使って説明する。先ず、圧力差について理論式より計算すると下記のようになる。
PV/T = P'V'/T'
P,P':圧力、 V,V':体積、 T,T':絶対温度
尚、パッケージ等の熱膨張は考慮せず、体積は一定として扱うこととする。
【0011】
図2は、金属パッケージ5の内部圧力P1を+25℃において1atmとし、外部圧力P2を−40℃において1atmとした場合を示す。−40℃、+60℃に温度が変動した場合、−40℃、+60℃時の金属パッケージ内外の圧力差を比較すると、+60℃時の圧力差が0.31atmであるのに対して、−40℃時の圧力差は 0.22atmであり、+60℃時の圧力差の方が大きくなっている。つまり、温度が上昇するほど金属パッケージ内外の圧力差が大きくなることになる。
【0012】
一方、一定温度において、高周波発振器の一例として、少なくとも誘電体共振器2の上部を厚さ0.3mmの鉄製で形成した金属パッケージ5内外の圧力差と高周波発振器の発振周波数の関係を図3に示す。図3では、金属パッケージ5の内部圧力を1atmとし、外部圧力を1〜2.6atmに変化させた場合の発振周波数変動量を示す。図から明らかなように、金属パッケージ5の外部圧力が内部圧力よりも0.1atm大きくなる毎に、発振周波数が約104kHz高くなる。更に図3には示されていないが、金属パッケージ5の内部圧力より外部圧力の方が低くなる場合についても同様の関係にあることが確認されている。即ち、金属パッケージ5の外部圧力が内部圧力よりも0.1atm小さくなる毎に、発振周波数が約104kHz低くなる。この発振周波数の変動は、誘電体共振器上部の金属パッケージ部7と誘電体共振器2の間隔が変動するために生じるものである。
【0013】
また、一定温度において、誘電体共振器上部の金属パッケージ部7と誘電体共振器2の間隔と高周波発振器の発振周波数の関係を図4に示す。誘電体共振器上部の金属パッケージ部7と誘電体共振器との間隔が1μm変化すると、発振周波数が約14kHz変動することが確認された。
【0014】
以上のことから、本発明は、温度変化によって生じる誘電体発振器の特性変動を、金属パッケージの内外に圧力差をつけておき、誘電体共振器上部の金属パッケージ部7と誘電体共振器2の間隔を変化させ、その変動を緩和させるものである。
【0015】
例えば、図1に示す構造の高周波発振器において、発振器の発振周波数が、温度の上昇に伴い上昇する場合、常温25℃で筐体等のパッケージ3内の圧力P2が金属パッケージ5内の圧力P1よりも高ければ、25℃から温度が上昇すると、圧力P2の上昇が圧力P1の上昇よりも大きくなる。つまり、温度上昇に伴い圧力P2と圧力P1の圧力差が大きくなる。その結果、金属パッケージ5が圧力P2により受ける力が大きくなり、誘電体共振器2上部の金属パッケージ部7が凹状に変形し、誘電体共振器2に接近する。これにより誘電体共振器2の発振周波数は上がることになる。その結果を図5に示す。本発明によれば、従来例(P1=P2の場合)より温度の上昇に伴う発振周波数の変動が緩和されていることがわかる。
【0016】
また逆に、発振器の発振周波数が、温度の上昇に伴い上昇する場合、筐体等のパッケージ3内の圧力P2を金属パッケージ5内の圧力P1よりも低く設定しておく。常温25℃から温度が上昇すると、圧力P1の上昇が圧力P2の上昇よりも大きくなり、温度上昇に伴い圧力P1と圧力P2の圧力差が大きくなる。その結果、金属パッケージ5が圧力P1により受ける力が大きくなり、誘電体共振器2上部の金属パッケージ部7が凸状に変形し、誘電体共振器2から離れる。これにより誘電体共振器2の発振周波数は下がることになる。その結果を図3に示す。本発明によれば、従来例(P1=P2の場合)より温度の上昇に伴う発振周波数の変動が緩和されていることがわかる。
【0017】
なお、本発明は、図1に示す構造の高周波発振器に限定されるものではなく、種々変更することができることは言うまでもない。例えば、共振回路に誘電体共振器が用いられている発振器が使用されている場合において、金属パッケージ5の少なくとも誘電体共振器2の上部が可逆性の変形特性を有する部材で構成されていればよく、金属パッケージ5全体が、可逆性の変形特性を有する部材で構成されていても良い。さらに、誘電体共振器2の上部を変形しやすい形状としておくことも可能である。なお、その変形特性や誘電体共振器の温度特性に応じて、P1及びP2を適宜設定される。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、圧力差を利用することで、発振周波数を決めている誘電体共振器上部の金属パッケージ部を凹状あるいは凸状に変形(誘電体共振器に接近させたり離したり)することができるようになり、発振周波数の変動量を小さくすることができるようになる。さらに、発振器の内部圧力と外部圧力との圧力差、または金属パッケージの材質、構造等を任意に選ぶことで、発振周波数の温度特性曲線を変えることができるようになる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態を説明する図である。
【図2】本発明の実施形態を説明する図である。
【図3】本発明の実施形態を説明する図である。
【図4】本発明の実施形態を説明する図である。
【図5】本発明と従来例の発振周波数の温度特性曲線である。
【図6】別の本発明と従来例の発振周波数の温度特性曲線である。
【図7】従来の高周波発振器の断面図である。
【図8】従来の別の高周波発振器の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1:MIC基板、2:誘電体共振器、3:筐体等のパッケージ、4:別のMIC基板、5:金属パッケージ、6:発振周波数調整ねじ、7:金属パッケージ部、8:誘電体共振器上部の金属パッケージ部と誘電体共振器の間隔
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high-frequency oscillator, and more particularly to a high-frequency oscillator having a small temperature fluctuation of the oscillation frequency.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For high-frequency oscillators using conventional dielectric resonators, (1) a structure in which an oscillation circuit made of an MIC substrate is hermetically sealed with a housing or the like, and (2) an oscillation circuit made of another MIC substrate is made of metal. There is a structure in which a package is hermetically sealed and is further packaged in a housing or the like under a pressure equivalent to the pressure in the metal package. 7 and 8 are cross-sectional views of the respective high-frequency oscillators. In these drawings, 1 is an MIC substrate, 2 is a dielectric resonator, 3 is a package such as a housing, 4 is another MIC substrate, 5 is a metal package, and 6 is an oscillation frequency adjusting screw.
[0003]
The high-frequency oscillator is often modularized in combination with other circuits (mixer, amplifier, etc.). In the case of the high-frequency oscillator shown in FIG. It is possible. However, when the standard of fluctuation in temperature of the oscillation frequency is severe, the yield is poor. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the oscillator hermetically sealed with a metal package is separated from other circuit boards. Further, the structure is hermetically sealed in a package 3 such as a housing. With such a structure, when the temperature fluctuation of the oscillation frequency of the oscillator exceeded the standard, the yield reduction was suppressed by replacing only the oscillator. However, in the conventional high frequency oscillator, when the ambient temperature fluctuates, even if the oscillation frequency of the dielectric resonator fluctuates, the fluctuation cannot be corrected.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the high-frequency oscillator having the structure shown in FIG. 8, the yield reduction can be suppressed as compared with the high-frequency oscillator having the structure shown in FIG. 7, but when the ambient temperature changes, the oscillation frequency of the dielectric resonator changes. As a result, there was a problem that the oscillation frequency of the high frequency oscillator fluctuated. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-frequency oscillator that can eliminate such problems and suppress a decrease in yield, and that has a small fluctuation in oscillation frequency even when the ambient temperature fluctuates.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, an oscillator invention has been hermetically sealed by a member having deformation characteristics of reversible according to claim 1, a further sealed sealed high-frequency oscillator, the oscillator, the dielectric in the resonant circuit When the resonator has a characteristic that the oscillation frequency of the oscillator decreases as the temperature rises from room temperature, the distance between the dielectric resonator and the member above the dielectric resonator is narrow. In the case where the member is deformed into a concave shape and the oscillation frequency is increased, the member is arranged so that a gap between the dielectric resonator and the member on the dielectric resonator is widened. Is a high frequency oscillator that is deformed into a convex shape and alleviates fluctuations in the oscillation frequency due to the temperature fluctuations of the oscillator , wherein the internal pressure and the external pressure of the oscillator are different, and the oscillation frequency of the oscillator is from room temperature to temperature As the rise of When having Kunar characteristics, the internal pressure is set lower than the external pressure, that when having becomes higher characteristic oscillation frequency Conversely, the internal pressure is set higher than the external pressure It is a feature.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a high-frequency oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is an MIC substrate, 2 is a dielectric resonator, 3 is a package such as a housing, 4 is another MIC substrate, 5 is a metal package, and 7 is a metal package. This is a metal package portion made of a member having reversible deformation characteristics on the upper part of the dielectric resonator 2.
[0008]
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention is different from the conventional example in that at least the upper part of the dielectric resonator 2 is composed of a metal package portion 7 made of a member having reversible deformation characteristics. Further, an oscillation circuit composed of the MIC substrate 4 and the dielectric resonator 2 is sealed with a metal package 5 at room temperature, and the oscillator is further mounted on the MIC substrate 1, and the whole is sealed in a package 3 such as a housing. In this case, the internal pressure of the metal package 5 and the external pressure, that is, the internal pressure of the package 3 such as a casing are made different to be hermetically sealed.
[0009]
Assuming that the internal pressure of the metal package 5 is P1, and the external pressure, ie, the internal pressure of the package 3 such as a housing is P2, the condition for hermetic sealing is that the oscillation frequency of the oscillator is room temperature when P1 = P2. If it has a characteristic that becomes lower as the temperature increases, P1 <P2. Conversely, if the oscillation frequency increases as the temperature rises from room temperature, P1> P2 is set.
[0010]
Here, explanation will be made using specific numerical values. First, the pressure difference is calculated from the theoretical formula as follows.
PV / T = P'V '/ T'
P, P ': Pressure, V, V': Volume, T, T ': Absolute temperature Note that the volume is treated as constant without considering thermal expansion of the package.
[0011]
FIG. 2 shows a case where the internal pressure P1 of the metal package 5 is 1 atm at + 25 ° C. and the external pressure P2 is 1 atm at −40 ° C. When the temperature fluctuates to −40 ° C. and + 60 ° C., the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the metal package at −40 ° C. and + 60 ° C. is compared with the pressure difference at + 60 ° C. of 0.31 atm. The pressure difference at 0 ° C. is 0.22 atm, and the pressure difference at + 60 ° C. is larger. That is, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the metal package increases as the temperature rises.
[0012]
On the other hand, as an example of a high-frequency oscillator at a constant temperature, the relationship between the pressure difference inside and outside the metal package 5 in which at least the upper part of the dielectric resonator 2 is made of iron is 0.3 mm and the oscillation frequency of the high-frequency oscillator is shown in FIG. Show. FIG. 3 shows the oscillation frequency variation when the internal pressure of the metal package 5 is 1 atm and the external pressure is changed to 1 to 2.6 atm. As is apparent from the figure, the oscillation frequency increases by about 104 kHz each time the external pressure of the metal package 5 becomes 0.1 atm greater than the internal pressure. Further, although not shown in FIG. 3, it is confirmed that the same relationship is obtained when the external pressure is lower than the internal pressure of the metal package 5. That is, every time the external pressure of the metal package 5 becomes 0.1 atm lower than the internal pressure, the oscillation frequency is lowered by about 104 kHz. The fluctuation of the oscillation frequency occurs because the distance between the metal package portion 7 above the dielectric resonator and the dielectric resonator 2 fluctuates.
[0013]
Further, FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the interval between the metal package portion 7 above the dielectric resonator and the dielectric resonator 2 and the oscillation frequency of the high-frequency oscillator at a constant temperature. It has been confirmed that the oscillation frequency fluctuates by about 14 kHz when the distance between the metal package portion 7 above the dielectric resonator and the dielectric resonator changes by 1 μm.
[0014]
From the above, in the present invention, the characteristic variation of the dielectric oscillator caused by the temperature change is made by applying a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the metal package, and the metal package portion 7 and the dielectric resonator 2 above the dielectric resonator. The interval is changed to reduce the fluctuation.
[0015]
For example, in the high-frequency oscillator having the structure shown in FIG. 1, when the oscillation frequency of the oscillator increases as the temperature rises, the pressure P2 in the package 3 such as the housing is higher than the pressure P1 in the metal package 5 at room temperature of 25 ° C. If the temperature rises from 25 ° C., the increase in the pressure P2 becomes larger than the increase in the pressure P1. That is, the pressure difference between the pressure P2 and the pressure P1 increases as the temperature rises. As a result, the force received by the metal package 5 due to the pressure P <b> 2 increases, and the metal package portion 7 on the top of the dielectric resonator 2 is deformed into a concave shape and approaches the dielectric resonator 2. As a result, the oscillation frequency of the dielectric resonator 2 is increased. The result is shown in FIG. According to the present invention, it can be seen that the fluctuation of the oscillation frequency accompanying the rise in temperature is mitigated from the conventional example (when P1 = P2).
[0016]
Conversely, when the oscillation frequency of the oscillator rises as the temperature rises, the pressure P2 in the package 3 such as the housing is set lower than the pressure P1 in the metal package 5. When the temperature rises from the room temperature of 25 ° C., the rise in the pressure P1 becomes larger than the rise in the pressure P2, and the pressure difference between the pressure P1 and the pressure P2 increases as the temperature rises. As a result, the force received by the metal package 5 due to the pressure P <b> 1 increases, and the metal package portion 7 on the top of the dielectric resonator 2 is deformed into a convex shape and separated from the dielectric resonator 2. As a result, the oscillation frequency of the dielectric resonator 2 is lowered. The result is shown in FIG. According to the present invention, it can be seen that the fluctuation of the oscillation frequency accompanying the rise in temperature is mitigated from the conventional example (when P1 = P2).
[0017]
Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the high-frequency oscillator having the structure shown in FIG. 1, and various modifications can be made. For example, when an oscillator in which a dielectric resonator is used in the resonance circuit is used, if at least the upper part of the dielectric resonator 2 of the metal package 5 is composed of a member having reversible deformation characteristics. The whole metal package 5 may be made of a member having reversible deformation characteristics. Furthermore, the upper part of the dielectric resonator 2 can be easily deformed. Note that P1 and P2 are appropriately set according to the deformation characteristics and the temperature characteristics of the dielectric resonator.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by utilizing the pressure difference, the metal package portion on the top of the dielectric resonator that determines the oscillation frequency is deformed into a concave shape or a convex shape (such as approaching the dielectric resonator). And the fluctuation amount of the oscillation frequency can be reduced. Furthermore, the temperature characteristic curve of the oscillation frequency can be changed by arbitrarily selecting the pressure difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the oscillator or the material and structure of the metal package.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a temperature characteristic curve of the oscillation frequency of the present invention and a conventional example.
FIG. 6 is a temperature characteristic curve of oscillation frequency of another embodiment of the present invention and a conventional example.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional high-frequency oscillator.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another conventional high-frequency oscillator.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: MIC substrate, 2: dielectric resonator, 3: package such as housing, 4: another MIC substrate, 5: metal package, 6: oscillation frequency adjusting screw, 7: metal package portion, 8: dielectric resonance Between the metal package at the top of the chamber and the dielectric resonator

Claims (1)

可逆性の変形特性を有する部材で密閉封止された発振器を、さらに密閉封止した高周波発振器であり
前記発振器は、共振回路に誘電体共振器を具備し、
該発振器の発振周波数が、常温から温度の上昇に伴い、低くなる特性を持つ場合には、前記誘電体共振器と該誘電体共振器上部の前記部材との間隔が狭くなるように前記部材が凹状に変形し、逆に発振周波数が高くなる特性を持つ場合には、前記誘電体共振器と該誘電体共振器上部の前記部材との間隔が広くなるように前記部材が凸状に変形して、前記発振器の前記温度変動による発振周波数の変動を緩和する高周波発振器であって、
前記発振器の内部圧力と外部圧力とが異なり、前記発振器の発振周波数が、常温から温度の上昇に伴い、低くなる特性を持つ場合には、前記内部圧力が前記外部圧力より低く設定され、逆に発振周波数が高くなる特性を持つ場合には、前記内部圧力が前記外部圧力より高く設定されていることを特徴とする高周波発振器。
The hermetically sealed oscillator member having deformation characteristics of reversibility, a further sealed sealed high-frequency oscillator,
The oscillator includes a dielectric resonator in a resonance circuit,
When the oscillation frequency of the oscillator has a characteristic that decreases with increasing temperature from room temperature, the member is arranged so that the distance between the dielectric resonator and the member on the dielectric resonator is narrowed. If it has a characteristic of deforming into a concave shape and increasing the oscillation frequency, the member is deformed into a convex shape so that the distance between the dielectric resonator and the member at the top of the dielectric resonator is widened. A high-frequency oscillator that relieves fluctuations in oscillation frequency due to temperature fluctuations of the oscillator ,
When the internal pressure of the oscillator is different from the external pressure, and the oscillation frequency of the oscillator has a characteristic that decreases with increasing temperature from room temperature, the internal pressure is set lower than the external pressure, and conversely The high-frequency oscillator characterized in that the internal pressure is set higher than the external pressure when the oscillation frequency has a characteristic of increasing .
JP2002087658A 2002-03-27 2002-03-27 High frequency oscillator Expired - Fee Related JP4117142B2 (en)

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