JP4112143B2 - 4-cycle engine - Google Patents

4-cycle engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4112143B2
JP4112143B2 JP37004599A JP37004599A JP4112143B2 JP 4112143 B2 JP4112143 B2 JP 4112143B2 JP 37004599 A JP37004599 A JP 37004599A JP 37004599 A JP37004599 A JP 37004599A JP 4112143 B2 JP4112143 B2 JP 4112143B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
exhaust
intake
combustion chamber
valve
valves
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP37004599A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001182539A (en
Inventor
賢悟 西
俊之 高橋
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Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
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Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、シリンダヘッドの燃焼室に開口する複数の吸気ポートと排気ポートを放射状に配された複数の吸気バルブと排気バルブによってそれぞれ開閉する4サイクルエンジンに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
各気筒について複数の吸気バルブと排気バルブを備える多バルブの4サイクルエンジンの燃焼室としてはペントルーフ型(屋根型)が専ら採用されており、このペントルーフ型燃焼室によれば燃焼室容積を極力小さく抑えて高圧縮比を確保することができるとともに、燃焼室内に混合気の渦流を発生させて燃焼効率を高めることができる。
【0003】
ところで、多バルブの4サイクルエンジンには、弁径と圧縮比のアップを目的として複数の吸気バルブと排気バルブを放射状に配したものが出現している。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、複数の吸気バルブと排気バルブを放射状に配した4サイクルエンジンの燃焼室に従来のペントルーフ型を採用すると、バルブシート周りのマスキングが大きくなって吸・排気抵抗が増え、燃焼室内面に凹凸が多くなって表面積が増えるために熱損失が多くなる他、燃焼室容積が大きくなって所要の圧縮比が得られない等の問題が発生する。
【0005】
本発明は上記問題に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とする処は、燃焼室のコンパクト化を実現して吸・排気抵抗と熱損失の低減及び弁径と圧縮比のアップを図ることができる4サイクルエンジンを提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、シリンダヘッドの燃焼室に開口する複数の吸気ポートと複数の排気ポートを放射状に配された複数の吸気バルブと複数の排気バルブによってそれぞれ開閉する4サイクルエンジンにおいて、前記燃焼室を前記複数の吸気バルブのそれぞれの傘部外周縁のすくなくとも一部に接する第1の球形面と前記複数の排気バルブのそれぞれの傘部外周縁のすくなくとも一部に接する、前記第1の球形面とは異なる第2の球形面とで形成したことを特徴とする。
【0007】
従って、本発明によれば、放射状に配された複数の吸気バルブのそれぞれの傘部外周縁のすくなくとも一部に接する第1の球形面と複数の排気バルブのそれぞれの傘部外周縁のすくなくとも一部に接する、前記第1の球形面とは異なる第2の球形面とで燃焼室を形成したため、内面に凹凸の無いコンパクトで理想的な多球形型燃焼室が構成され、吸・排気ポートを通過する吸・排気の抵抗が小さく抑えられるとともに、燃焼室の表面積と容積を小さく抑えて熱損失の低減と高圧縮比を実現することができる。又、複数の吸気バルブと排気バルブを放射状に配することによってこれらの弁径をアップして吸気効率と排気効率を高めることができる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。
【0009】
図1は本発明に係る4サイクルエンジンのシリンダヘッド部分の縦断面図、図2は同4サイクルエンジンの燃焼室形状を示す説明図、図3は図2のA−A線断面図、図4は図2のB−B線断面図、図5は同4サイクルエンジンの燃焼室形状と吸・排気バルブの配置構造を示す斜視図である。
【0010】
図1に示す4サイクルエンジン1は4バルブエンジンであって、図示しないが、そのシリンダブロック内にはシリンダが形成され、該シリンダには図3及び図4において鎖線にて示すピストン2が上下摺動自在に嵌装されている。そして、ピストン2はコンロッドを介してクランク軸に連結されており、ピストン2の上下方向の往復運動はコンロッドによってクランク軸の回転運動に変換される。
【0011】
而して、上記シリンダブロックの上面にはシリンダヘッド3が被着されており、該シリンダヘッド3には各気筒について吸気通路4と排気通路5がそれぞれ2つずつ形成されている(図1には各1つのみ図示)。
【0012】
又、シリンダヘッド3の底面には燃焼室Sが形成されているが、前記各吸気通路4と排気通路5が燃焼室Sに開口する吸気ポート4aと排気ポート5aはロッカアーム式の動弁機構によって駆動される吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7によってそれぞれ適当なタイミングで開閉され、これによってシリンダ内で所要のガス交換がなされる。
【0013】
ところで、本実施の形態に係る4サイクルエンジン1は前述のように4バルブエンジンであって、図5に示すように2つの吸気バルブ6と2つの排気バルブ7が放射状に配されており、これらの吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7はシリンダヘッド3に圧入されたバルブガイド8,9に摺動自在に挿通保持されている。そして、各吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7はバルブリテーナ10,11とシリンダヘッド3との間に縮装されたバルブスプリング12,13によってそれぞれ閉じ側に付勢されており、これらの吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7の傘部6a,7aの外周縁は吸気ポート4aと排気ポート5aの周縁に嵌着されたバルブシート14,15に着座している。
【0014】
ここで、各吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7を駆動するロッカアーム式の動弁機構の構成について説明する。
【0015】
図1に示すように、シリンダヘッド3の上部には吸気カム軸16と排気カム軸17が互いに平行、且つ、回転自在に支持されて長さ方向(図1の紙面垂直方向)に沿って配されており、これらの吸気カム軸16と排気カム軸17の各上半部はボルト18,19によっシリンダヘッド3の上面に取り付けられたベアリングキャップ30,21によって回転自在に支持されている。そして、これらの吸気カム軸16と排気カム軸17のシリンダヘッド3の一端面から延出する一端には不図示のチェーンスプロケットがそれぞれ取り付けられており、これらのチェーンスプロケットと前記クランク軸に取り付けられた不図示のチェーンスプロケットの間には無端状のカムチェーンが巻装されている。尚、シリンダヘッド3の上面は吸気カム軸16と排気カム軸17を覆うカムキャップ22が被着されている。
【0016】
又、シリンダヘッド3には各2つのロッカアーム23,24がその一端をロッカ軸25,26によって上下に回動自在に枢着されており、各ロッカアーム23,24の他端の下面は吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7のステム(弁軸)6b,7bの頂部に当接し、上面には前記吸気カム軸16と排気カム軸17に各気筒について各2つずつ一体に形成された吸気カム16aと排気カム17aの外周面(カム面)が当接している。ここで、吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7は前述のように放射状に配されているため、図3及び図4に示すように、吸気カム16aと排気カム17aの外周面(カム面)は吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7の傾斜角に応じて斜面状に形成されている。
【0017】
ここで、シリンダヘッド3の底面に各気筒毎に形成された前記燃焼室Sの形状について説明する。
【0018】
本実施の形態に係る4サイクルエンジン1においては、燃焼室Sは放射状に配された2つの吸気バルブ6の傘部6aの外周縁の一部に接する半径SRαの第1の球形面Sα(図2、図3及び図5参照)と2つの排気バルブ7の傘部7aの外周縁の一部に接する半径SRβの第2の球形面Sβ(図2、図4及び図5)とを合成して多球形型燃焼室として構成されている。そして、燃焼室Sとピストン2は、図3及び図4に示すようにピストン2が上死点に位置した時点で燃焼室Sの周縁とピストン2の頂面との間にスキッシュエリアaが形成されるよう、その形状が決定されている。尚、図5に示す曲線Lは第1の球形面Sαと第2の球形面Sβとの境界線を示す。
【0019】
ところで、図示しないが、燃焼室Sの吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7で囲まれた頂部にはプラグ孔が開口しており、このプラグ孔には点火プラグが螺着され、この点火プラグの電極部は燃焼室Sに臨んでいる。
【0020】
而して、当該4サイクルエンジン1が始動されて不図示のクランク軸が回転駆動されると、その回転は不図示のカムチェーン及びチェーンスプロケットを介して前記吸気カム軸16と排気カム軸17に伝達され、これらの吸気カム軸16と排気カム軸17がクランク軸の1/2の速度でそれぞれ回転駆動される。このように吸気カム軸16と排気カム軸17が回転駆動されると、これらに一体に形成された吸気カム16aと排気カム17aの外周面(カム面)に当接するロッカアーム23,24は吸気カム16aと排気カム17aの形状(カムプロフィル)に沿ってロッカ軸25,26を中心として上下にそれぞれ揺動するため、吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7がそれぞれ駆動されて吸気ポート4aと排気ポート5aをそれぞれ適当なタイミングで開閉するため、前述のようにシリンダ内で所要のガス交換がなされる。
【0021】
即ち、ピストン2がシリンダ内を下降する吸気行程においては吸気バルブ6が開いて混合気が吸気通路4から吸気ポート4aを通ってシリンダに内に吸入され、ピストン2が下死点(BDC)を過ぎてシリンダ内を上昇する圧縮行程に移行すると吸気バルブ6が閉じられ(排気バルブ7は吸気行程及び圧縮行程において閉じられている)、シリンダ内に吸入された混合気はピストン2によって圧縮される。そして、ピストン2が上死点(TDC)に到達する直前に不図示の点火プラグによって混合気に着火され、混合気は燃焼室Sで燃焼する(燃焼行程)。尚、前述のようにピストン2が上死点に位置した時点で燃焼室Sの周縁にはピストン2の頂面との間でスキッシュエリアaが形成されるため、該スキッシュエリアaに存在していた混合気は燃焼室Sの頂部に向かって送り出されて点火プラグの電極部に集中し、これによって混合気の着火率が高められるとともに、火炎伝播速度が速められる。
【0022】
而して、ピストン2は混合気の燃焼によって発生した高圧を頂面に受けてシリンダ内を下降し、混合気の燃焼によって発生した熱の一部がクランク軸の運動エネルギーに変換される。そして、ピストン2が下死点を過ぎて再び上昇する排気行程に移行すると排気バルブ7が開かれ、混合気の燃焼によってシリンダ内に発生した高温・高圧の排気ガスは排気ポート5aから排気通路5へと噴出し、排気通路5から不図示の排気管を通って大気中に排出される。
【0023】
以後は以上と同様のガス交換作用が繰り返されて4サイクルエンジン1が連続的に運転される。
【0024】
以上において、本実施の形態に係る4サイクルエンジン1においては、放射状に配された2つの吸気バルブ6の傘部6aの外周縁の一部に接する第1の球形面Sαと2つの排気バルブ7の傘部7aの外周縁の一部に接する第2の球形面Sβとで燃焼室Sを形成したため、内面に凹凸の無いコンパクトで理想的な多球形型燃焼室が構成され、バルブシート14,15周りのマスキングが小さく抑えられて吸・排気ポート4a,5aを通過する吸・排気の抵抗が最小限に抑えられるとともに、燃焼室Sの表面積と容積が小さくなって熱損失の低減と高圧縮比を実現することができる。
【0025】
又、上記効果に加えて、各2つずつの吸気バルブ6と排気バルブ7を放射状に配することによってこれらの弁径(傘部6a,7aの外径)をアップして吸気効率と排気効率を高めて4サイクルエンジン1の性能アップを図ることができる。
【0026】
尚、以上は本発明を特に4バルブエンジンに対して適用した形態について述べたが、本発明は複数の吸気バルブと排気バルブを放射状に配して成る他の任意の多バルブエンジンに対しても同様に適用可能であることは勿論である。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明で明らかなように、本発明によれば、シリンダヘッドの燃焼室に開口する複数の吸気ポートと複数の排気ポートを放射状に配された複数の吸気バルブと複数の排気バルブによってそれぞれ開閉する4サイクルエンジンにおいて、前記燃焼室を前記複数の吸気バルブのそれぞれの傘部外周縁のすくなくとも一部に接する第1の球形面と前記複数の排気バルブのそれぞれの傘部外周縁のすくなくとも一部に接する、前記第1の球形面とは異なる第2の球形面とで形成したため、燃焼室のコンパクト化を実現して吸・排気抵抗と熱損失の低減及び弁径と圧縮比のアップを図ることができるという効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る4サイクルエンジンのシリンダヘッド部分の縦断面図である。
【図2】本発明に係る4サイクルエンジンの燃焼室形状を示す説明図である。
【図3】図2のA−A線断面図である。
【図4】図2のB−B線断面図である。
【図5】本発明に係る4サイクルエンジンの燃焼室形状と吸・排気バルブの配置構造を示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 4サイクルエンジン
3 シリンダヘッド
4 吸気通路
4a 吸気ポート
5 排気通路
5a 排気ポート
6 吸気バルブ
6a 吸気バルブの傘部
7 排気バルブ
7a 排気バルブの傘部
S 燃焼室
Sα 第1の球形面
Sβ 第2の球形面
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a four-cycle engine in which a plurality of intake ports and exhaust ports that open to a combustion chamber of a cylinder head are respectively opened and closed by a plurality of intake valves and exhaust valves that are arranged radially.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A pent roof type (roof type) is exclusively used as the combustion chamber of a multi-valve four-cycle engine having a plurality of intake valves and exhaust valves for each cylinder. According to this pent roof type combustion chamber, the combustion chamber volume is made as small as possible. In addition to ensuring a high compression ratio, it is possible to increase the combustion efficiency by generating a vortex of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.
[0003]
By the way, multi-valve four-cycle engines have appeared in which a plurality of intake valves and exhaust valves are arranged radially for the purpose of increasing the valve diameter and the compression ratio.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, if the conventional pent roof type is used in the combustion chamber of a four-cycle engine with multiple intake valves and exhaust valves arranged radially, the masking around the valve seat increases and the intake and exhaust resistance increases, causing irregularities in the combustion chamber surface. As a result, the surface area increases and the heat loss increases, and the combustion chamber volume increases and the required compression ratio cannot be obtained.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to realize a compact combustion chamber to reduce suction / exhaust resistance and heat loss, and to increase the valve diameter and compression ratio. It is to provide a four-cycle engine that can be used.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a four-cycle engine in which a plurality of intake ports and a plurality of exhaust ports that open to a combustion chamber of a cylinder head are respectively opened and closed by a plurality of intake valves and a plurality of exhaust valves arranged radially. in abuts the combustion chamber to at least a portion of each umbrella outer periphery of the first spherical surface and the plurality of exhaust valves in contact with at least a portion of each umbrella outer periphery of the plurality of intake valves, the the first spherical surface characterized by being formed with a different second spherical surface.
[0007]
Therefore, according to the present invention, at least one of the first spherical surface that is in contact with at least a part of the outer peripheral edge of each of the plurality of intake valves arranged radially and at least one of the outer peripheral edges of the umbrella parts of the plurality of exhaust valves. Since the combustion chamber is formed by a second spherical surface different from the first spherical surface in contact with the portion, a compact and ideal multispherical combustion chamber having no irregularities on the inner surface is formed, and the intake / exhaust ports are provided. The resistance of the intake / exhaust gas that passes through can be suppressed to a low level, and the surface area and volume of the combustion chamber can be suppressed to a low level to achieve a reduction in heat loss and a high compression ratio. Further, by arranging a plurality of intake valves and exhaust valves radially, these valve diameters can be increased and intake efficiency and exhaust efficiency can be increased.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0009]
1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylinder head portion of a four-cycle engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a combustion chamber shape of the four-cycle engine, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the combustion chamber shape and the intake / exhaust valve arrangement structure of the 4-cycle engine.
[0010]
The 4-cycle engine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a 4-valve engine, and although not shown, a cylinder is formed in the cylinder block, and a piston 2 indicated by a chain line in FIGS. It is fitted freely. The piston 2 is connected to the crankshaft through a connecting rod, and the reciprocating motion of the piston 2 in the vertical direction is converted into the rotating motion of the crankshaft by the connecting rod.
[0011]
Thus, a cylinder head 3 is attached to the upper surface of the cylinder block, and two intake passages 4 and two exhaust passages 5 are formed in each cylinder head 3 for each cylinder (see FIG. 1). Are only one of each).
[0012]
A combustion chamber S is formed on the bottom surface of the cylinder head 3. The intake port 4a and the exhaust port 5a in which the intake passage 4 and the exhaust passage 5 open to the combustion chamber S are formed by a rocker arm type valve operating mechanism. The intake valve 6 and the exhaust valve 7 that are driven are opened and closed at appropriate timings, whereby the required gas exchange is performed in the cylinder.
[0013]
Incidentally, the four-cycle engine 1 according to the present embodiment is a four-valve engine as described above, and two intake valves 6 and two exhaust valves 7 are arranged radially as shown in FIG. The intake valve 6 and the exhaust valve 7 are slidably inserted and held in valve guides 8 and 9 press-fitted into the cylinder head 3. The intake valves 6 and the exhaust valves 7 are urged toward the closing sides by valve springs 12 and 13 that are retracted between the valve retainers 10 and 11 and the cylinder head 3, respectively. The outer peripheral edges of the umbrella portions 6a and 7a of the exhaust valve 7 are seated on valve seats 14 and 15 fitted to the peripheral edges of the intake port 4a and the exhaust port 5a.
[0014]
Here, the configuration of a rocker arm type valve operating mechanism for driving each intake valve 6 and exhaust valve 7 will be described.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 1, an intake cam shaft 16 and an exhaust cam shaft 17 are supported on the upper portion of the cylinder head 3 in parallel with each other and rotatably, and are arranged along the length direction (perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1). The upper half portions of the intake cam shaft 16 and the exhaust cam shaft 17 are rotatably supported by bearing caps 30 and 21 attached to the upper surface of the cylinder head 3 by bolts 18 and 19. In addition, chain sprockets (not shown) are respectively attached to one end of the intake camshaft 16 and the exhaust camshaft 17 extending from one end face of the cylinder head 3, and are attached to the chain sprocket and the crankshaft. An endless cam chain is wound between chain sprockets (not shown). A cam cap 22 that covers the intake cam shaft 16 and the exhaust cam shaft 17 is attached to the upper surface of the cylinder head 3.
[0016]
Each of the two rocker arms 23 and 24 is pivotally mounted on the cylinder head 3 so as to be pivotable up and down by rocker shafts 25 and 26. The lower surface of the other end of each rocker arm 23 and 24 is the intake valve 6. And intake cams 16a and exhaust cams 16a, which are in contact with the tops of the stems (valve shafts) 6b, 7b of the exhaust valve 7 and are formed on the intake camshaft 16 and the exhaust camshaft 17 for each cylinder. The outer peripheral surface (cam surface) of the cam 17a is in contact. Here, since the intake valve 6 and the exhaust valve 7 are arranged radially as described above, the outer peripheral surfaces (cam surfaces) of the intake cam 16a and the exhaust cam 17a are the intake valves as shown in FIGS. 6 and the exhaust valve 7 are formed in a slope shape according to the inclination angle.
[0017]
Here, the shape of the combustion chamber S formed for each cylinder on the bottom surface of the cylinder head 3 will be described.
[0018]
In the four-cycle engine 1 according to the present embodiment, the combustion chamber S has a first spherical surface Sα having a radius SRα that is in contact with a part of the outer peripheral edge of the umbrella portion 6a of the two intake valves 6 arranged radially (see FIG. 2, 3 and 5) and a second spherical surface Sβ (FIG. 2, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5) having a radius SRβ in contact with a part of the outer peripheral edge of the umbrella portion 7 a of the two exhaust valves 7. It is configured as a multi-spherical combustion chamber. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the combustion chamber S and the piston 2 form a squish area a between the peripheral edge of the combustion chamber S and the top surface of the piston 2 when the piston 2 is located at the top dead center. The shape is determined so that A curve L shown in FIG. 5 indicates a boundary line between the first spherical surface Sα and the second spherical surface Sβ.
[0019]
By the way, although not shown, a plug hole is opened at the top of the combustion chamber S surrounded by the intake valve 6 and the exhaust valve 7, and an ignition plug is screwed into the plug hole. Faces the combustion chamber S.
[0020]
Thus, when the four-cycle engine 1 is started and a crankshaft (not shown) is driven to rotate, the rotation is transferred to the intake camshaft 16 and the exhaust camshaft 17 via a cam chain and a chain sprocket (not shown). Then, the intake camshaft 16 and the exhaust camshaft 17 are respectively driven to rotate at a half speed of the crankshaft. When the intake camshaft 16 and the exhaust camshaft 17 are rotationally driven in this way, the rocker arms 23 and 24 that are in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces (cam surfaces) of the intake cam 16a and the exhaust cam 17a formed integrally with the intake camshaft 16 16a and the exhaust cam 17a swings up and down around the rocker shafts 25 and 26 along the shape of the exhaust cam 17a (cam profile). Therefore, the intake valve 6 and the exhaust valve 7 are driven, and the intake port 4a and the exhaust port 5a are moved. In order to open and close each at an appropriate timing, the necessary gas exchange is performed in the cylinder as described above.
[0021]
That is, in the intake stroke in which the piston 2 descends in the cylinder, the intake valve 6 is opened, and the air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder from the intake passage 4 through the intake port 4a, and the piston 2 reaches the bottom dead center (BDC). When the compression stroke that rises in the cylinder passes and the intake valve 6 is closed (the exhaust valve 7 is closed in the intake stroke and the compression stroke), the air-fuel mixture sucked into the cylinder is compressed by the piston 2. . Then, immediately before the piston 2 reaches top dead center (TDC), the air-fuel mixture is ignited by a spark plug (not shown), and the air-fuel mixture burns in the combustion chamber S (combustion stroke). Since the squish area a is formed with the top surface of the piston 2 at the periphery of the combustion chamber S when the piston 2 is located at the top dead center as described above, it exists in the squish area a. The air-fuel mixture is sent toward the top of the combustion chamber S and concentrated on the electrode portion of the spark plug, whereby the ignition rate of the air-fuel mixture is increased and the flame propagation speed is increased.
[0022]
Thus, the piston 2 receives the high pressure generated by the combustion of the air-fuel mixture at the top surface and descends in the cylinder, and part of the heat generated by the combustion of the air-fuel mixture is converted into the kinetic energy of the crankshaft. When the piston 2 shifts to the exhaust stroke that rises again after passing through the bottom dead center, the exhaust valve 7 is opened, and the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas generated in the cylinder due to the combustion of the air-fuel mixture passes from the exhaust port 5a to the exhaust passage 5 And is discharged from the exhaust passage 5 to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe (not shown).
[0023]
Thereafter, the same gas exchange action as described above is repeated, and the four-cycle engine 1 is continuously operated.
[0024]
As described above, in the 4-cycle engine 1 according to the present embodiment, the first spherical surface Sα and the two exhaust valves 7 that are in contact with part of the outer peripheral edge of the umbrella portion 6a of the two intake valves 6 that are radially arranged. Since the combustion chamber S is formed with the second spherical surface Sβ in contact with a part of the outer peripheral edge of the umbrella portion 7a, a compact and ideal multi-spherical combustion chamber having no irregularities on the inner surface is formed, and the valve seat 14, The masking around 15 is kept small, and the resistance of intake and exhaust passing through the intake / exhaust ports 4a and 5a is minimized, and the surface area and volume of the combustion chamber S are reduced to reduce heat loss and high compression. Ratio can be realized.
[0025]
In addition to the above effects, the intake valve 6 and the exhaust valve 7 are arranged radially to increase the valve diameters (outer diameters of the umbrella portions 6a and 7a), thereby increasing the intake efficiency and the exhaust efficiency. To improve the performance of the four-cycle engine 1.
[0026]
Although the present invention has been described with respect to a mode in which the present invention is applied particularly to a four-valve engine, the present invention is also applicable to any other multi-valve engine in which a plurality of intake valves and exhaust valves are arranged radially. Of course, the same applies.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a plurality of intake ports and a plurality of exhaust ports that open to the combustion chamber of the cylinder head are respectively opened and closed by a plurality of intake valves and a plurality of exhaust valves arranged radially. 4 in cycle engine, at least a portion of each umbrella outer periphery of the respective umbrella outer periphery a first spherical surface and the plurality of exhaust valves in contact with at least part of the combustion chamber of the plurality of intake valves for Since the second spherical surface different from the first spherical surface in contact with the first spherical surface is formed, the combustion chamber is made compact to reduce suction / exhaust resistance and heat loss, and to increase the valve diameter and compression ratio. The effect that it can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylinder head portion of a four-cycle engine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a combustion chamber shape of a four-cycle engine according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a combustion chamber shape and an intake / exhaust valve arrangement structure of a four-cycle engine according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Four-cycle engine 3 Cylinder head 4 Intake passage 4a Intake port 5 Exhaust passage 5a Exhaust port 6 Intake valve 6a Intake valve umbrella 7 Exhaust valve 7a Exhaust valve umbrella S Combustion chamber Sα First spherical surface Sβ Second Spherical surface

Claims (2)

シリンダヘッドの燃焼室に開口する複数の吸気ポートと複数の排気ポートを放射状に配された複数の吸気バルブと複数の排気バルブによってそれぞれ開閉する4サイクルエンジンにおいて、
前記燃焼室を前記複数の吸気バルブのそれぞれの傘部外周縁のすくなくとも一部に接する第1の球形面と前記複数の排気バルブのそれぞれの傘部外周縁のすくなくとも一部に接する、前記第1の球形面とは異なる第2の球形面とで形成したことを特徴とする4サイクルエンジン。
In a four-stroke engine that opens and closes a plurality of intake ports and a plurality of exhaust ports that are opened in the combustion chamber of the cylinder head by a plurality of intake valves and a plurality of exhaust valves that are radially arranged,
The contact of the combustion chamber in at least a portion of each umbrella outer periphery of each of the first spherical surface and the plurality of exhaust valves in contact with at least a portion of the umbrella outer periphery of the plurality of intake valves, the first A four-cycle engine characterized in that it is formed by a second spherical surface different from the spherical surface.
前記複数の吸気バルブと排気バルブを駆動するカムの外周面は、前記複数の吸気バルブと排気バルブの傾斜角に応じて斜面状に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の4サイクルエンジン。2. The four-cycle according to claim 1, wherein an outer peripheral surface of a cam for driving the plurality of intake valves and the exhaust valves is formed in a slope shape according to an inclination angle of the plurality of intake valves and the exhaust valves. engine.
JP37004599A 1999-12-27 1999-12-27 4-cycle engine Expired - Fee Related JP4112143B2 (en)

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