JP4111927B2 - Blind lid automatic attachment / detachment device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic attachment / detachment device for a blind lid that protects a coupling for attachment attachment from cutting fluid or chips in a machine tool having an automatic attachment replacement function such as a machining center.

For example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-43072 is known as a dust-proof cover device for machine tools. As shown in FIG. 10, an attachment mounting clamp device 102 is provided on the outer periphery of the lower surface of the spindle head 101, and an angle indexing plate 104 for engaging with the indexing plate of the attachment is provided on the lower surface of the spindle sleeve 105. The cover 106 that protects the angle indexing plate 104 has an engaging piece 108 that can be freely engaged with and disengaged from the clamp device 102 on the outer peripheral portion, and has a central hole 107 through which the main shaft 103 passes to form a saucer shape. .

  As shown in FIG. 11, the cover can be moved up and down by the attachment transfer device 110 and can be rotated around the vertical axis. The transfer device is provided with a transfer table 113 provided so as to be movable in the left-right direction along an arm 112 projecting from the base 111 toward the spindle head 101, and can be moved up and down on this table and rotated about the vertical axis. The receiving frame 114 is provided and the receiving table 115 on the base 111 includes a cover and a receiving table for receiving the attachment.

  Then, for mounting the cover, the cradle with the cover is placed at a position below the main shaft by the transport pedestal 113, and the cradle 114 is raised and the cover 106 is rotated by 45 ° to cover the attachment index plate. ° Mounted by reversing.

  JP-B-7-63914 protects the ring gear 123 engaged with the ring gear 122 provided on the end surface of the large-diameter rotating tool holder at the tip of the main shaft 121 from chips as shown in FIG. The cover 124 is detachably attached to the cover hole at the tip of the spindle head. The holding pin 126 urged toward the center of the spindle by the spring 125 at the tip of the spindle head is held by engaging with an annular V groove formed on the outer periphery of the cover 124.

A cover grip V-groove 127B for gripping an annular protrusion 124A provided on the outer periphery of the cover is provided separately from the tool gripper 127A for gripping the tool holder 128 of the gripper claw 127 of the replacement arm for attaching and detaching the cover. The cover is exchanged by the same operation as that described above, and the removed cover 124 is held by a holding device that can be advanced and retracted.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-43072 FIG. 2 (corresponding to FIG. 10 in the present application), FIG. 1 (corresponding to FIG. 11 in the present application) Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-63914 FIG. 2 (corresponding to FIG. 12 in this application)

  In Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-43072, since the cover (blind lid) is housed in the attachment changing device, the attachment changing device is necessary for replacing the cover, and the device becomes large. In addition, there is a problem in that a space for housing the cover is required in the attachment exchanging device, and the exchanging device becomes large and costs increase.

  In the case of Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-63914, since a cover gripping portion is provided on an exchange arm of a tool changer different from the attachment changer, the cover changer is improved but requires a device for storing the cover. there were.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art. The object of the present invention is to store a cover (blind cover) in a magazine in the same manner as a tool, and to use a tool change arm. It is intended to provide a device that can be replaced by

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention protects the attachment positioning coupling coupling provided at the tip of the spindle head in a machine tool that uses a replacement arm to exchange tools or attachments between the spindle and the magazine. to a detachable device blind cover, the spindle and the magazine of pop bets can be mounted shank, flange engraved gripping grooves to be engaged with said switching arm to the shank end, the shank-side end face of the flange A carrier having a holding member for holding the blind lid, and an engaging member for engaging the blind lid at the spindle head tip when the carrier holding the blind lid is attached to the spindle. The blind cover is attached and detached through the transporting tool using the exchange arm.

  2. The automatic blind lid attachment / detachment device according to claim 1, wherein the engagement member is a machine tool having a spindle provided with an indexing mechanism, wherein the engagement member includes a plurality of mounting claws provided with a plurality of peaks and troughs at the spindle head tip. A mounting claw provided on the blind lid and a locking claw that can be freely engaged and disengaged by relative turning, and the flange has a key groove with a main shaft on a shank side end surface, and the blind lid. A holding member that is concentrically positioned and held so as not to fall off, transports the blind lid through the transfer tool using the replacement arm, and uses the indexing mechanism of the main shaft to The blind lid is attached and detached by engaging and disengaging by relatively rotating the locking claw of the blind lid.

  3. The automatic blind lid attachment / detachment device according to claim 2, wherein the holding member provided on the transporting member engages with the outer periphery of the blind lid, and the urging force that constantly urges the holding claw in the engaging direction. A pin that presses against a locking claw that pivots and engages relative to the spindle head to hold the blind lid in the mounting position, and a pressing means that biases the pin to protrude. It will be.

  A blind cover is concentrically held on the shank side of the flange, and the transport tool stored in the magazine in the same way as a tool or attachment is indexed to the replacement position, and is angled and indexed by the tool or attachment replacement arm. Inserted. Since the phase of the locking member of the conveying tool and the locking member of the coupling is shifted by a predetermined amount on the main shaft, the locking claw is mounted without interference. The main shaft turns by the amount of displacement of the locking member, and the phases of the locking claws are made to coincide with each other to be in an engaged state. Next, the transfer tool is pulled out by the exchange arm.

The present invention has the following effects.
The blind cover can be replaced in the same way as a normal tool change by diverting the tool change arm, and the blind cover can be stored in the magazine pot as well as the tool attachment. Become. In addition, the cover attachment indexing device required in the prior art is unnecessary, which contributes to a significant cost reduction.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The outline of this machine will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the machining center of FIG. 1, a table 52 is placed on a bed 51 installed on a floor so as to be movable and positionable in the X-axis (front-rear) direction. A column 53 is erected on the floor on both sides of the bed 51, and a top beam 54 is fixed on the column 53. The column 53 has a W-axis (vertical) direction guide on the front surface, and a cross rail 55 is mounted on the W-axis guide so as to be movable and positionable. The cross rail 55 has a Y-axis (left / right) direction guide on the front surface, and a spindle head 56 is mounted on the Y-axis guide so as to be movable and positionable. A spindle ram 57 is mounted on the spindle head 56 in the Z-axis (vertical) direction. It is provided so that movement positioning is possible.

  An attachment 58 is detachably attached to the tip of the spindle ram 57. At the left end of the left column 53, a tool magazine device 59 capable of storing attachments together with tools is disposed. An exchange arm unit 61 is provided at the lower left portion of the cross rail 55 so as to be able to turn on the tool magazine side and the main shaft side in the horizontal plane, turn the arm turning shaft horizontally and vertically, and move horizontally linearly.

  The exchange arm unit 61 is a twin arm type composite having tool grippers A1 and A2 and attachment grippers B1 and B2 symmetrically with respect to the V-shaped gripping grooves of the tools having different gripping diameters and the V-shaped gripping grooves of the attachments. The exchange arm 62 has an NC that can be pivotally indexed around the pivot center axis 72 and can be moved and positioned in the direction of the pivot center axis.

  In FIG. 2, in the tool magazine 59, in addition to a normal tool, a large attachment 58 having the same size as that of a normal tool shank and a large attachment 58 is accommodated. A swivel indexing and axially movable exchange arm unit 61 that transports tools and attachments 58 between the tool magazine 59 and the spindle head 56 has a pair of centrally symmetric tools used when exchanging ordinary tools. In addition to the grippers A1 and A2, the attachment replacement gripper B1 used to exchange and transport the attachment 58 having a gripping dimension different from that of a normal tool, and the attachment used to rotate and index the attachment 58 at the position of the spindle head 56 A composite exchange arm 62 having a total of four grippers formed as a pair symmetrically with the index gripper B2 is provided.

  Although not shown, an auxiliary finger that opens and closes to prevent the gripping tool and attachment from falling off is provided at the tip of each gripper. The pair of tool replacement grippers A1 and A2 and the attachment replacement gripper B1 are provided with claws 63 for preventing the rotation of the tool and the attachment 58 so that the tool and the attachment 58 do not shift during transport.

Next, the exchange arm unit 61 for exchanging the attachment 58 and the tool will be described with reference to FIG.
A hollow turning center shaft 72 is rotatably supported by a bearing on the unit main body 71, and the longitudinal half projects from the main body 71, and a spline 75 is fitted to the tip of the center hole.

  A hollow shaft 76 is fitted on the outer periphery of the projecting portion of the turning center shaft 72 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the tip of the spline shaft 78 is fixed to a lid 77 fixed to the tip of the hollow shaft 76. 75 is engaged. The composite exchange arm 62 is fixed to the hollow shaft 76 at a position close to the main body.

  An NC control insertion / removal servomotor 73 and a turning servomotor 74 are fixed to the unit body 71 in parallel with the turning center shaft 72. A pulley 75 is fitted on the output shaft 73 a of the insertion / removal servomotor 73, and a synchro belt 78 is stretched between the pulley 92 fitted on the end of the ball screw 91.

  A pulley 79 is fitted to the output shaft 74 a of the turning servo motor 74, and an end portion of an arm drive shaft 82 connected via a speed reducer 80 and a joint 81 between the turning center shaft 72 and the spline shaft 78. A synchro belt 84 is stretched between a pulley 83 fitted to the pulley 79 and the pulley 79. The insertion / removal servomotor 73 and the turning servomotor 74 each incorporate an angle detector 85 for detecting the axial position and an angle detector 86 for detecting the turning angle.

  A ball nut 87 is screwed onto the ball screw 91 rotated by the insertion / removal servomotor 73, and the rear end of the insertion / removal guide shaft 88 supported by the ball nut 87 so as to be movable in the axial direction. The guide shaft 88 is fixed to an insertion / removal bracket 89 which is fixed to the outer periphery of the hollow shaft 76 by being fixed via a coupling fitting (not shown).

5 and 6, the cover attachment portion at the lower end of the spindle ram will be described.
The main shaft 17 is rotatably supported through a bearing 16 at the center of the main shaft ram 57, and the main shaft is rotated and indexed by an NC device (not shown). The main shaft 17 has a tapered hole 17a fitted to a tapered shank of a tool or an attachment at the lower end of the central hole, and a tool clamping device including a well-known disc spring, pull stud, collet (not shown) is incorporated in the center. On the lower end surface of the main shaft 17, two keys 18 are attached symmetrically with respect to the center of the tool or attachment.

  Further, a ring-shaped clutch tooth coupling commonly called Kirbic coupling 19 for indexing and positioning the attachment 58 is fixed to the lower end surface of the main shaft ram 57 concentrically with the main shaft 17. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of locking claws 19a having the same widths and valleys are formed on the inner circumference of this Kirbic coupling. In this embodiment, it is formed at six equal positions.

  The present invention relates to automatic attachment / detachment of a blind cover for protecting the coupling portion from cutting fluid and chips. When a blind cover 31 to be described later is attached, a pressing pin 21 parallel to the spindle axis is always downwardly held by a spring 22 at a position equal to the center of the carbic coupling 19 in order to hold it in the attachment position. The main shaft ram 57 is urged so as to protrude.

Next, the blind lid transporter will be described with reference to FIGS.
The blind lid transport tool 26 has a taper shank 27 and a pull stud 28 that can be fitted into the taper hole 60a of the pot 60 and the taper hole 17a of the main shaft 17 connected by the chain of the magazine 59 in the same manner as the tool. The flange 29 following the large-diameter side of the taper shank 27 has a grip V-groove 26a gripped by the attachment grippers B1 and B2 of the tool changing arm 62 on the outer periphery, and the key 18 of the main shaft 17 and the pin of the magazine pot 60 on the end face on the shank side. A keyway 26b that is engaged and positioned with 60b is cut in the same manner as the tool holder. The key groove 26b is provided with a groove 26f into which the positioning pin 63 of the grip portion of the tool change arm 62 is fitted.

  The flange 29 is formed with a blind lid mounting surface 26c projecting in a ring shape with a mountain-shaped cross section in order to hold the blind lid 31 on the shank side. Further, a pin 30 that determines the phase of a locking claw, which will be described later, of the blind lid is provided in a projecting manner inside the ring of the placement surface 26c in parallel with the axis of the carrier. Further, a holding claw 32 for holding the blind cover 31 is pivotally supported by a pin 33 parallel to the flange end surface in a groove 26d radially cut at a half-divided position on the shank side end surface of the flange 29.

  The outer tip of the holding claw 32 is formed on a key 32a that engages with the outer peripheral inclined surface of the collar 31b of the blind lid 31, and the lower surface of the inner end serves as a stopper that contacts the bottom of the groove 26d. The holding claw 32 is always urged in the engaging direction by a push-up pin 36 that is urged in the protruding direction by a spring 34 inserted in a blind hole 26e that is drilled in the flange 29 in the axial direction.

The blind cover 31 is formed with a collar 31b having an inclined outer surface where the key 32a of the holding claw 32 engages with the outer edge of the recess 31a that protects the connecting tooth surface of the carbic coupling 19 of the spindle head 57. Further, a locking claw 31d that engages with the locking claw 19a of the Kirvic coupling 19 is formed in the inner circumferential cylindrical portion 31c of the recess 31a at a position equally divided into six on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 31c as shown in FIG. A valley having the same width is formed between the claws 31d. Furthermore, a hole 31e into which the pin 30 that determines the phase of the locking claw 31d is inserted is formed in the lower surface of the cylindrical portion 31c.
When the blind cover 31 is attached to the lower end of the main shaft ram 57, the inner peripheral cylindrical portion 31c has a slight gap on the outer periphery of the main shaft 17, and the outer periphery of the flange 31b slides on the inner side of the main shaft ram 57. .

The operation of the present invention thus configured will be described.
It is assumed that the main shaft 17 has been processed by the attachment and the attachment 58 has been placed in the pot 60 of the magazine 59. The designated position of the pot 60 of the magazine 59 is stored, or a code NO is attached to the transport tool 26 and stored in the pot 60 as shown in FIG.

  That is, the blind lid 31 is placed on the ring-shaped placement surface 26 c of the transport tool 26 with the recess 31 a as the shank side, the pin hole 31 e is inserted into the pin 30, and the key 32 a of the holding claw 32 is located on the outer peripheral edge of the blind lid 31. The pin 60b of the pot 60 of the magazine 59 is inserted into the key groove 26b of the transport tool 26 so that the phase does not get out of phase.

  The spindle head ram 57 is indexed and positioned at the tool change position, and the magazine 59 is indexed and positioned at the change position according to the blind cover attachment command of the NC device. The replacement arm unit 61 is positioned on the magazine 59 side, the gripper B1 of the replacement arm 62 grips the grip groove 26a of the transport tool 26, and the key 63 fits into the groove 26f according to a command from the NC device. The exchange arm 62 moves in the axial direction, and the transfer tool 26 is extracted and moved and positioned on the spindle head 56 side.

Next, the exchange arm 62 inserts the transport tool 26 into the tapered hole 17 a of the main shaft 17.
At this time, the blind cover 31 is guided and automatically aligned to the inner wall periphery and the outer periphery of the main shaft ram 57 surrounding the Kirvic coupling 19. During this insertion process, the key 18 of the main shaft 17 is fitted into the key groove 26 b of the transport tool 26. Since the locking claw 31d of the blind lid 31 is in a state of being shifted by 1/12 from the locking claw 19a of the Kirbic coupling 19, it passes between the locking claw 19a and pushes the pressing pin 21 of the spring 22. Pushing in against the force, the recess 31a of the blind lid 31 completely covers the teeth of the Kirvic coupling.

  The pull stud 28 of the transport tool 26 is pulled up by a tool pulling device (not shown), and when the transport tool 26 is completely attached, the replacement arm unit 61 moves and the replacement arm 62 moves away from the transport tool 26. Next, the conveying tool is gripped by the gripping part B2 of the exchange arm 62, and the phase of the locking claw 19a of the Kirbic coupling 19 and the locking claw 31d of the blind cover 26 are matched and engaged by 1/12 rotation of the main shaft 17. . In this state, the pressing pin 21 presses the locking claw 31 d of the blind lid against the locking claw 19 a of the Kirbic coupling 19 by the force of the spring 22. For this reason, the blind lid is not displaced by an external force such as vibration.

  When the attachment of the blind cover is finished, the exchange arm unit 61 moves and the exchange arm 62 grips the transport tool 26. The pull stud 28 is released by the advancement of the drawbar of the tool pulling device by a driving device (not shown) according to the command, and the fitting of the tapered portion is released by the impact abutting the tip. Since the blind cover 31 is in an engaged state between the Kirvic coupling 19 and the locking claws, the holding claw key 32a of the blind cover 31 resists the force of the spring 34 when the transfer tool 26 is pulled out by the exchange arm 62. The key 32a is then removed from the collar 31b of the blind lid 31. The exchange arm 62 stores the transport tool 26 in the pot 60 of the magazine 59 by a normal tool exchange operation.

  When the blind cover is removed, the tool 26 is replaced by the tool exchange operation, the pin 30 is inserted into the pin hole 31e of the blind cover, and the key 32a of the holding claw 32 is inclined to the flange 31b on the outer edge of the blind cover 31. Engage with the surface. The exchange arm unit 61 is moved, the exchange arm 62 is separated from the tool, the main shaft 17 is turned by 1/12, the blind cover 31 is turned by 1/12, and the locking claw 31d is moved from the locking claw 19a of the Kirbic coupling 19. They are displaced and positioned in the valleys, and there is no interference between the claws. The exchange arm unit 61 moves and the exchange arm 62 grips the transport tool 26. Thereafter, when the transport tool 26 is pulled out by a tool pulling operation, the blind lid 31 is transported while being attached to the transport tool 26 and stored in the magazine 59.

It is explanatory drawing of the machining center using this invention. It is a figure which shows the exchange arm which waits in a magazine and an exchange position. It is a figure which shows the drive part of the exchange arm of a tool exchange arm unit. It is a partial cross section figure which stored the conveyance tool holding the blind cover in the pot of the magazine. It is sectional drawing which shows the state with which the conveying tool was mounted | worn to the main axis | shaft. It is sectional drawing which shows the state from which the conveyance tool with which the main shaft was mounted | worn was extracted leaving the blind cover. FIG. 6 is a view taken along line AA in FIG. It is the BB line view of FIG. 6 which shows the flange surface of a conveyance tool. The blind lid a is a plan view, and b is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC. It is a cover mounting | wearing figure of a prior art. It is a cover conveyance apparatus figure of a prior art. It is another conventional art cover mounting diagram.

Explanation of symbols

Reference Signs List 17 Spindle 18 Positioning Key 19 Carbic Coupling 19a Locking Claw 21 Pushing Pin 26 Transporting Tool 26a Grip Groove 26b Key Groove 26c Ring-shaped Blind Cover Placement Surface 30 Pin 31 Blind Cover 32 Holding Claw 36 Push-up Pin 57 Spindle Ram 59 magazine 60 pot 62 exchange arm

Claims (3)

In a machine tool for exchanging a tool or an attachment between a spindle and a magazine using an exchange arm, a blind lid attaching / detaching device for protecting an attachment positioning coupling coupling provided at the tip of the spindle head,
The spindle and the magazine of pop bets can be mounted shank, flange engraved gripping grooves to be engaged with said switching arm to the shank end, a holding member for holding the blind closure in the shank-side end face of the flange A carrier having
An engagement member that engages the blind lid at the tip of the spindle head when the carrier holding the blind lid is attached to the spindle;
An automatic blind lid attachment / detachment device, wherein a blind lid is attached / detached via a transporting tool using a replacement arm. In the automatic lid attachment / detachment device according to claim 1,
A machine tool having a spindle with an indexing mechanism,
The engaging member has a mounting claw provided with a plurality of peaks and valleys at the tip of the spindle head, and a locking claw provided on the blind lid and detachable by relative rotation with the mounting claw. ,
The flange includes a phase matching key groove with the main shaft on the shank side end surface, and a holding member that holds the blind cover concentrically and holds it so as not to drop off,
Use the exchange arm to transport the blind cover via the transport tool, and use the indexing mechanism of the main shaft to relatively rotate the locking claw for mounting and the locking claw of the blind cover to engage and disengage. A blind lid automatic attaching / detaching device characterized in that the blind lid is attached / detached by means of. In the automatic lid attachment / detachment device according to claim 2,
A holding claw that engages the outer periphery of the blind lid with the holding member provided on the carrier, and a biasing means that constantly biases the holding claw in the engaging direction;
A blind lid automatic comprising a pin that presses against a locking claw that pivots and engages relative to the spindle head to hold the blind lid in an attachment position, and a pressing means that biases the pin to protrude. Detachable device.