JP4109980B2

JP4109980B2 - Building ventilation device and building ventilation structure using the device

Info

Publication number: JP4109980B2
Application number: JP2002363569A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 一郎仲嶋
Original assignee: 一郎仲嶋
Priority date: 2002-12-16
Filing date: 2002-12-16
Publication date: 2008-07-02
Anticipated expiration: 2022-12-16
Also published as: JP2004197314A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、棟換気装置及び棟換気構造に関し、更に詳しくは、主として棟瓦と地瓦との隙間から換気する棟換気装置及び棟換気構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来より、棟瓦と地瓦との隙間から換気する棟換気装置としては種々のものが提案されているが、特に屋根の棟部に設けられた換気装置の代表例として特許文献１に記載されたものが知られている。
【０００３】
該文献によれば、図２２に示したように、垂木や野地板などからなり両流れ屋根面を形成する屋根地４１の頂部には間隙が設けられ、この間隙は、屋根裏に滞留する熱気や臭気か゛自然上昇力によって上昇し最初に集合して通過する屋根換気通路４２となる。そして屋根換気通路４２を跨ぐように立設させた第１換気口４３を有する補助部材４４が設けられ、さらに、この補助部材４４の外側には隙間を設けて立設するとともに、ここに第２換気口４５を穿設しかつ、中央に棟木４６を支持する棟木支持部材４７が設けられ、これら補助部材４４及び棟木支持部材４７は屋根地４１に釘等（図示せず）によって固定される。
【０００４】
一方、屋根地４１の頂部付近には桟木４８を固定したあと、この桟木４８に沿って桟瓦４９が掛止される。更に、この桟瓦４９の上には密封部材５０を介して第３換気口５１、第４換気口５２を有する通路形成部材５３が釘等によって棟木４６に固定される。そしてこの通路形成部材５３の上に棟瓦５４が載置され、長寸釘、ビス等の固定具５５によって棟木４６に固定され、更に、この棟瓦５４の裏面と通路形成部材５３との間に換気通路５６が形成される。
【０００５】
この構成によって、屋根地の頂部に向かって下から上昇してくる空気は矢印Ｋで示したように屋根換気通路４２を通過した後、第１、第２換気口４３、４５をジグザグに通過し、さらに換気通路５６の第３、第４換気口５１、５２を通過して外に排出される（気流の流れを実線矢印で示す）。
【０００６】
【特許文献１】
特許第２９０１１８０号公報
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来の換気装置では天気が穏やかで風雨が強くないようなときには、屋根地の頂部に向かい換気通路を通る上昇気流は順調に生起し、その換気機能は十分に発揮されるものの、台風時のように風雨が激しいときには、屋根面に沿って斜め下方から吹き上がってきた風雨Ｗが、桟瓦４９と棟瓦５４の瓦先端部５７とで形成される間隙から内側に流入する場合がある。すなわち、強烈な風雨がこの間隙を通過する際、この狭い間隙で一気に加速されるので、雨粒や雨飛沫となって第４、第３の換気口５２、５１、さらに第２、第１換気口４５、４３へと侵入し、ついには屋根換気通路４２へと逆流してくる場合がある（逆流の流れを破線矢印で示す）。
【０００８】
また、上記のように部品数が多く複雑な棟換気用部材を配設して形成される換気装置、構造回りあるいはその周辺に不測の間隙を生じることがある。該間隙は施工中に作用する外力に起因するもの、あるいは経年変化に起因するもの等があるが、このような状態のとき、とりわけ第２換気口４５と第３換気口５１との間に形成される空間などに、逆流時のときの飛沫や湿気成分が付着したり、滞留したり、また上述の間隙に毛細管現象により雨水の侵入を許容し雨漏りを生じたりする場合がある。その結果、天井にしみが発生したり、屋根地４１の棟部付近が腐食するという課題があった。
【０００９】
また、補助部材４４には第１換気口４３が、棟木支持部材４７には第２換気口４５が、更に通路形成部材５３には第３換気口５１、第４換気口５２がそれぞれ設けられているが、薄手の鋼板やステンレス鋼板、アルミ押出成形品やプラスチック押出成形品にプレスやドリルにより開孔加工を施して換気口を設けた後に組立加工を施しており、加工に手間が掛り、コスト高とならざるを得ない。更に、加工をし易くするために薄手の材料を採用しがちであり、強度や耐久性の面で劣る傾向にある。更にまた、打抜素材のロスも大きく、これの処理の手間、コストも看過できない問題となっている。
【００１０】
本発明は上記実情に鑑み、上記問題を解消し、簡単な構造で、台風時のように風雨が激しい場合でも、内部にまでは雨風が流入しにくい、安価で施工性に優れた棟換気装置及び該装置を用いた棟換気構造を提供することを目的とする。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の第１に係る請求項１は、略垂直に立設された支持部とその下部に設けた取付部とからなる下部材Ｘと、冠状部を有する上部材Ｙとを、適宜間隔を置いて接続部材Ｚで連結してなり、隣接する接続部材Ｚと接続部材Ｚとの間に形成される空間部を換気路とし、該換気路の外側に、排水口を有する遮蔽部を立設したことを特徴とする棟換気装置を内容とする。
【００１２】
本発明の請求項２は、遮蔽部が下部に排水口を有する板状体からなり、取付部に設けてなる請求項１記載の棟換気装置である。
【００１３】
本発明の請求項３は、遮蔽部が、斜降部と該斜降部の端部より立設された垂直部とからなり、該斜降部と該垂直部との角部付近に排水口を有する略Ｌ字状体からなり、換気路の下部の下部材Ｘの支持部に設けてなる請求項１記載の棟換気装置である。
【００１４】
本発明の請求項４は、冠状部の両側に斜降した突縁部を延設した請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気装置である。
【００１５】
本発明の請求項５は、斜降した突縁部の端部から、換気口を覆うように壁部を垂設した請求項４記載の棟換気装置である。
【００１６】
本発明の請求項６は、壁部内側に制御壁を設けた請求項５記載の棟換気装置である。
【００１７】
本発明の請求項７は、接続部材Ｚの下方に凹部を設け、該凹部に下部材Ｘの支持部を嵌合してなる請求項１〜６のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気装置である。
【００１８】
本発明の請求項８は、下部材Ｘの支持部に凹凸面を設けた請求項１〜７のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気装置である。
【００１９】
本発明の請求項９は、アルミ又は樹脂を押出成形したものである請求項１〜８のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気装置である。
【００２０】
本発明の請求項１０は、上部材Ｙに棟木固定部を設けた請求項１〜９のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気装置である。
【００２１】
本発明の第２に係る請求項１１は、請求項１〜９のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気装置の下部材Ｘの取付部が屋根下地材上に取り付けられ、上部材Ｙの冠状部の上面に棟木が固定されていることを特徴とする棟換気構造を内容とする。
【００２２】
本発明の第３に係る請求項１２は、請求項１１の棟換気装置の下部材Ｘの取付部が屋根下地材上に取り付けられ、上部材Ｙの棟木固定部に棟木が固定されていることを特徴とする棟換気構造を内容とする。
【００２３】
本発明の第４に係る請求項１３は、請求項１〜９のいずれか１項に記載の棟換気装置の下部材Ｘの取付部が屋根下地材上に取り付けられ、前記棟換気装置の長手方向に、適宜間隔を置いて屋根下地材上に取り付けられた棟木支持具に棟木を支持せしめたことを特徴とする棟換気構造を内容とする。
【００２４】
【作用】
本発明の第１に係る棟換気装置は、隣接する接続部材Ｚと接続部材Ｚとの間に形成される空間部を換気路とするため、部材に換気口を形成する必要がなく、下部材Ｘ、上部材Ｙ、接続部材Ｚをそれぞれ押出成形で製造することができるので、大幅な省力化及びコストダウンが図られる。また、下部材Ｘ及び上部材Ｙを接続部材Ｚにより嵌合してなるので、強度も充分である。また、換気路の外側に、排水口を有する遮蔽部を設けたことにより、風雨（主として雨）の流入が一層効果的に阻止される。更に、上部材Ｙに棟木固定部を設けることにより棟木の固定が容易となり、コンパクトな棟換気構造が可能となる。
【００２５】
また、本発明の第２、第３に係る棟換気構造は、上記棟換気装置の上部材Ｙの冠状部の上面に、又は上部材Ｙに設けられた棟木固定部に、それぞれ棟木が固定され、構造が簡略化された安価な棟換気構造が提供される。
【００２６】
更に、本発明の第４に係る棟換気構造は、棟木装置の長手方向に適宜間隔を置いて屋根下地材上に取り付けられた棟木支持具に棟木を支持せしめてなり、構造が簡略化された安価な棟換気構造が提供される。
【００２７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、まず本発明の棟換気装置及び該装置を用いた棟換気構造の実施例を図面に基づいて説明するが、本発明はこれらにより何ら限定されるものではない。
【００２８】
実施例１
実施例１の棟換気装置は、図１、図２に示すように、略垂直に立設された支持部１とその下部に、該棟換気装置を屋根下地材（野地板）に取り付けるために該屋根下地材の勾配に沿うようにハの字状に設けた取付部２とからなる下部材Ｘと、冠状部３を備えた上部材Ｙとを、適宜間隔を置いて向かい合う係合壁４の略中間部を接続部５で接合したＨ形状の接続部材Ｚで連結してなり、矢示したように、隣接する接続部材Ｚと接続部材Ｚとの間に形成される空間部を利用して換気路Ｐが形成され、該換気路Ｐの外側に、排水口１８を有する遮蔽部１９が立設されている。接続部材Ｚを配設する間隔は特に制限されないが、例えば、１０〜５０cm程度から選ぶことができる。
この様に、下部材Ｘ、上部材Ｙ、接続部材Ｚからなる棟換気装置Ａ２は、部材に換気口を加工して形成する必要がなく、したがって、下部材Ｘ、上部材Ｙ、接続部材Ｚを押出成形で製造することができるので、大幅なコストダウンが図られる。また、下部材Ｘ及び上部材Ｙを接続部材Ｚにより嵌合してなるので、強度も充分である。
尚、下部材Ｘ、上部材Ｙ、接続部材Ｚは、通常、ビス、溶接、溶着、接着剤等により接合されるが、煩雑さを避けるため、原則として図示しない。以下においても同じである。
【００２９】
遮蔽部１９は、換気路Ｐからの通気を塞ぐことなく、且つ外部から風雨（主として雨）が該換気路Ｐを通じて室内へ侵入すことを阻止するためのもので、実質的に垂直に設けられるが、少々左右に傾斜していても差し支えない。風雨は一般に斜下方からの吹き付けるので必ずしも換気路Ｐの上方部にまで設ける必要はなく、遮蔽部１９の高さは適宜決定すればよい。
棟瓦と地瓦との隙間から侵入してくる風雨は遮蔽部１９により堰止められ、仮に雨が一部遮蔽部１９の内側に侵入したとしても、排水口１８により外部に排出される。
【００３０】
実施例２
実施例２の棟換気装置は、図３に示すように、上部材Ｙの冠状部３の両側に、斜降した突縁部６を延設した他は、実施例１に示した棟換気装置と同じである。このように、冠状部３の両側に斜降した突縁部６を延設することにより、雨や風の侵入を効果的に防ぐことができる。
【００３１】
実施例３
実施例３の棟換気装置は、図４に示すように、下部材Ｘは略垂直に立設された支持部１の外側中位部にＨ形状の接続部材Ｚの受け部７が設けられるとともに、該受け部７より上部の外側に凹凸面８が設けられている。また、上部材Ｙは頂部内側に係合部９が設けられるとともに、斜降した突縁部６の端部から、隣接する接続部材Ｚと接続部材Ｚとの間に形成される空間部からなる換気路Ｐ１を覆うように壁部１０が垂設され、更に該壁部１０の下端に内側に曲折した小壁１１が延設されている。更に、接続部材Ｚは、上端には上部材Ｙの係合部９と係合する係合部１２が設けられるとともに、下方に係合壁１３、１３ａにより形成される凹部１４が設けられている。そして、接続部材Ｚの係合部１２は上部材Ｙの係合部９と係合され、また、接続部材Ｚの下方の凹部１４に下部材Ｘの凹凸面８を有する上部が圧入された構成からなる。更に、換気路Ｐ１の外側に排水口１８を有する遮蔽部１９が立設されている。
かかる構成の棟換気装置は、接続部材Ｚと上部材Ｙとは、係合部１２と係合部９とが係合することにより、一方、接続部材Ｚと下部材Ｘとは、凹凸面８を有する上部が凹部１４に圧入することにより、それぞれ物理的に一体化されている。かかる構成の棟換気装置は、矢示したようなジグザグ状に換気路Ｐ、Ｐ１が形成され、外部からの雨や風の侵入を一層効果的に防ぐことができる。なお、本例において、接続部材Ｚの受け部７は省略してもよく、また、凹凸面８は内側に設けても効果はかわらない。
【００３２】
実施例４
実施例４の棟換気装置は、図５に示すように、接続部材Ｚの凹部１４を形成する内側の両係合壁１３ａを伸長し、その下端部で山型状の接続部１５を介して接続し、略中間部の接続部１６とで略矩形状の構造体とするとともに、上部材Ｙの壁部１０に制御壁１７を設けた他は実施例３の棟換気構造と同じである。
上記の如く、接続部材Ｚの下部材Ｘとの係合部分を略矩形状の構造体とすることにより強度が大巾に向上し、また、制御壁１７を設けることにより、矢示したように実施例３の場合に比べて一層ジグザグ状の換気路Ｐが形成され、外部からの雨や風の侵入を尚一層効果的に防ぐことができる。
【００３３】
実施例５
実施例５の棟換気装置は、図６に示すように、板状体からなる遮蔽部１９に代えて、斜降部１９ａと該斜降部１９ａの端部より立設された垂直部１９ｂとからなり、該斜降部１９ａと該垂直部１９ｂとの角部付近に（図６では垂直部１９ｂの下部）排水口１８を有する略Ｌ字体からなる遮蔽部１９を設けた他は実施例１と同じである。尚、垂直部１９ｂは実質的に垂直であればよく、少々左右に傾斜していても差し支えない。
【００３４】
実施例６
実施例６の棟換気装置は、図７に示すように、板状体からなる遮蔽部１９に代えて、斜降部１９ａと該斜降部１９ａの端部より立設された垂直部１９ｂとからなり、該斜降部１９ａと該垂直部１９ｂとの角部付近に（図７では斜降部１９ａの先端部）排水口１８を有する略Ｌ字体からなる遮蔽部１９を、換気口２の下部材Ｘの側壁に設けた他は実施例２と同じである。
【００３５】
実施例７
実施例７の棟換気装置は、図８に示すように、板状体からなる遮蔽部１９に代えて、斜降部１９ａと該斜降部１９ａの端部より立設された垂直部１９ｂとからなり、該斜降部１９ａと該垂直部１９ｂとの角部付近に（図８では斜降部１９ａと垂直部１９ｂとの角部）排水口１８を有する略Ｌ字体からなる遮蔽部１９を、換気口２の下部材Ｘの側壁に設けた他は実施例３と同じである。
【００３６】
実施例８
実施例８の棟換気装置は、図９に示すように、板状体からなる遮蔽部１９に代えて、斜降部１９ａと該斜降部１９ａの端部より立設された垂直部１９ｂとからなり、該斜降部１９ａと該垂直部１９ｂとの角部付近に（図９では垂直部１９ｂの下部）排水口１８を有する略Ｌ字体からなる遮蔽部１９を、換気口２の下部材Ｘの側壁に設けた他は実施例４と同じである。
【００３７】
実施例９
実施例９の棟換気装置は、図１０に示すように、実施例１（図１）の棟換気装置において、上部材Ｙの冠状部３の表面に、底面部２０ａとその両端より立設された側壁部２０ｂとからなる棟木固定部２０が設けられている。
【００３８】
実施例１０
実施例１０の棟換気装置は、図１１に示すように、実施例２（図３）の棟換気装置において、上部材Ｙの冠状部３の表面に、底面部２０ａとその両端より立設された側壁部２０ｂとからなる棟木固定部２０が設けられている。
【００３９】
実施例１１
実施例１１の棟換気装置は、図１２に示すように、実施例３（図４）の棟換気装置において、上部材Ｙの冠状部３の表面に、底面部２０ａとその両端より立設された側壁部２０ｂ及び底面部２０ａの裏面に、上部材Ｙの突縁部６に沿うように延設されたハの字状の舌片部２０ｃとからなる棟木固定部２０が設けられている。
【００４０】
実施例１２
実施例１２の棟換気装置は、図１３に示すように、実施例４（図５）の棟換気装置において、上部材Ｙの冠状部３の表面に、側壁部２０ｂとその下部より、前記突縁部６に沿うように延設された舌片部２０ｃとからなる棟木固定部２０が設けられている。
【００４１】
実施例１３
実施例１３の棟換気装置は、図１４に示すように、実施例５（図６）の棟換気装置において、上部材Ｙの冠状部３の表面に、底面部２０ａとその両端より立設された側壁部２０ｂとからなる棟木固定部２０が設けられている。
【００４２】
実施例１４
実施例１４の棟換気装置は、図１５に示すように、実施例６（図７）の棟換気装置において、上部材Ｙの冠状部３の表面に、底面部２０ａとその両端より立設された側壁部２０ｂとからなる棟木固定部２０が設けられている。
【００４３】
実施例１５
実施例１５の棟換気装置は、図１６に示すように、実施例７（図８）の棟換気装置において、上部材Ｙの冠状部３の表面に、底面部２０ａとその両端より立設された側壁部２０ｂ及び底面部２０ａの裏面に、上部材Ｙの突縁部６に沿うように延設されたハの字状の舌片部２０ｃとからなる棟木固定部２０が設けられている。
【００４４】
実施例１６
実施例１６の棟換気装置は、図１７に示すように、実施例８（図９）の棟換気装置において、上部材Ｙの冠状部３の表面に、側壁部２０ｂとその下部より、前記突縁部６に沿うように延設された舌片部２０ｃとからなる棟木固定部２０が設けられている。
【００４５】
以上の実施例において、遮蔽部１９の排水口１８は遮蔽部１９の下部や、斜降部１９ａと垂直部１９ｂとの角部や、斜降部１９ａの先端部にキリ孔等を開けて設けられた例を示したが、棟換気装置の長さ方向の端部（一端部又は両端部）の下部材Ｘと遮蔽部との隙間を塞がずに開放したままとして、これを排水口とすることも可能である。
【００４６】
以上の如き本発明の棟換気装置は、棟瓦と地瓦との隙間から換気する方式の棟換気構造に好適に用いられる。
以下、実施例８に示した棟換気装置Ａ１及び実施例１６に示した棟換気装置Ａ２を用い、その代表的な棟換気構造の実施例１７、１８について説明する。
【００４７】
実施例１７
図１８に示すように、本発明の棟換気装置Ａ１（実施例８のもの）は、両流れ屋根面を形成する屋根下地材（野地板）２１の表面に防水シート２２を敷設し、左右対向する野地板２１間の換気用開口部２３を跨ぐように設けられ、取付部２の固定手段用孔２ａに固定手段（図ではビス）２６を挿入し、防水シート２２を介して屋根下地材２１に取り付けられる。地瓦２７は棟換気装置Ａ１の取付部２上に、棟瓦２４の端縁部２４ａとの間に換気路２８が形成されるように隙間を置いて葺設される。棟換気装置Ａ１と地瓦２７との間には、シール材２９が充填されている。
【００４８】
棟換気装置Ａ１の上部材Ｙの冠状部３の上部に棟木３０が固定手段（図ではビス）２６により固定され、棟瓦２４の頂部より固定手段（図ではビス）２５により、棟瓦２４、棟木３０、棟換気装置Ａ１が屋根下地材２１上に固定された棟換気構造が形成される。
尚、シール材２９は、図示したものに替え、遮蔽部１９の斜降部１９ａと地瓦２７との間に介挿してもよい。
【００４９】
上記棟換気構造において、屋内から上昇してきた空気は、換気用開口部２３から棟換気装置Ａ１の換気路Ｐ１より、同図右側に実線で矢示する如く、遮蔽部１９を乗り越え、棟瓦２４の端縁部２４ａと地瓦２７との間の換気路２８から外部に排出される。
尚、棟瓦２４の端縁部２４ａと地瓦２７との間の換気路２８に、通気性を有する部材（図示せず）を介在させ、鳥等の侵入・営巣を防ぐこともできる。
【００５０】
一方、外部から換気路２８より侵入した雨や風は、同図左側に波線で矢示するように、遮蔽部１９又は壁部１０に衝突し、内部への侵入を阻止される。万一、雨が遮蔽部１９の内側に侵入した場合は、遮蔽部１９の下部に設けた排水口１８より防水シート２２の上に排出される。
【００５１】
実施例１８
本実施例の棟換気構造は、図１９に示すように、実施例１７において、棟換気装置Ａ１を棟換気装置Ａ２（実施例１６のもの）に置き換えた他は実施例１７と同様である。
即ち、本例では棟木３０は、上部材Ｙの冠状部３の表面の棟木固定部２０に固定手段（図ではビス）２６により固定されている。
尚、シール材２９は、図示したものに替え、遮蔽部１９の斜降部１９ａと地瓦２７との間に介挿してもよいことは実施例１７の場合と同様である。
【００５２】
上記棟換気構造においては、屋内から上昇してきた空気は、同図右側に実線で矢示する如く、換気用開口部２３から棟換気装置Ａ２の換気路Ｐ１より壁部１０との間をジグザグ状に通過して換気路２８より外部に排出される。
一方、外部から換気路２８より侵入した雨や風は、同図左側に破線で矢示するように、遮蔽部１９又は壁部１０に衝突し、内部への侵入を阻止される。万一、雨が遮蔽部１９の内側に侵入した場合は、排水口１８より防水シート２２上に排出される。
【００５３】
実施例１９
実施例１７及び１８は、いずれも棟換気装置Ａ１又はＡ２に棟木を直接又は棟木固定具を介して固定した棟木換気構造を示したが、本実施例の棟換気構造は、棟換気装置に棟木を固定するのではなく、棟換気装置とは別の棟木支持具に棟木を支持せしめることにより棟換気構造が形成される例を示す。
【００５４】
即ち、図２０に示すように、棟換気装置Ａ２の長手方向（棟方向）の装置Ａ２と装置Ａ２との間に棟木支持具３１が屋根下地材２１上に取り付けられ、この棟木支持具３１に棟木３０を支持せしめる。
棟木支持具３１は、文字通り、棟木を支持するものであれば特に制限されないが、好ましい一例としては、図示するように、支柱壁３２の上部には、底面部３３ａとその両端より立設された側壁部３３ｂからなる棟木固定部３３を備え、支柱壁３２の下部には取付部３４が屋根下地材２１の傾斜面に沿うように設けられている。図では、棟木支持具３１の取付部３４は固定手段（図ではビス）３５により防水シート２２を介して屋根下地材２１に取り付けられ、また棟木３０は棟木固定部３３に固定手段（図ではビス）３６により固定されている。この場合の棟換気は実施例１８の場合と同様である。
【００５５】
図２１に、棟木支持具３１の他の例を示すが、２個の支柱壁３２の上部に平板状の棟木固定部３３を備え、支柱壁３２の下部には屋根下地材２１の傾斜面に沿うように取付部３４が延設されている。３７は固定手段（ビス）孔である。棟木３０は２点鎖線で示すように、棟木固定部３３の上面又は下面に固定される。
このタイプの棟木支持具３１は、棟換気装置と棟換気装置の間に配設する場合の他に、棟換気装置を跨ぐように配設することも可能である。
【００５６】
【発明の効果】
叙上のように、本発明の棟換気装置は、隣接する接続部材と接続部材との間に形成される空間部を換気路とするため、部材に換気口を形成する必要がなく、下部材Ｘ、上部材Ｙ、接続部材Ｚをそれぞれ押出成形で製造することができるので、大幅な省力化とコストダウンが図られる。また、下部材Ｘ及び上部材Ｙを接続部材Ｚにより嵌合してなるので、強度も充分である。また、換気路の外側に、排水口を有する遮蔽部を設けることにより風雨（主として雨）の流入が効果的に阻止される。更に、上部材Ｙに棟木固定部を設けることにより棟木の固定が容易となり、コンパクトな棟換気構造が可能となる。
【００５７】
また、上記棟換気装置を用いた棟換気構造は、棟換気装置の上部材Ｙの冠状部の上面に、又は上部材Ｙに設けられた棟木固定部に、それぞれ棟木が固定され、構造が簡略化された安価な棟換気構造が提供される。
【００５８】
更に、上記棟換気装置と棟木支持具を用いた棟換気構造は、棟木装置の長手方向に適宜間隔を置いて屋根下地材上に取り付けられた棟木支持具に棟木を支持せしめてなり、構造が簡略化された安価な棟換気構造が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】棟換気装置の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図２】図１におけるＷ−Ｗ断面図である。
【図３】棟換気装置の他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図４】棟換気装置の他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図５】棟換気装置の他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図６】棟換気装置の他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図７】棟換気装置の他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図８】棟換気装置の他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図９】棟換気装置の更に他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図１０】棟換気装置の更に他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図１１】棟換気装置の更に他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図１２】棟換気装置の更に他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図１３】棟換気装置の更に他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図１４】棟換気装置の更に他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図１５】棟換気装置の更に他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図１６】棟換気装置の更に他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図１７】棟換気装置の更に他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図１８】本発明の棟換気構造の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図１９】本発明の棟換気構造の他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図２０】本発明の棟換気構造の他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図２１】本発明に用いられる棟木支持具の他の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図２２】従来の棟換気構造の一例を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１支持部
２取付部
２ａ固定手段用孔
３冠状部
４係合壁
５接続部
６突縁部
７受け部
８凹凸面
９係合部
１０壁部
１１小壁
１２係合部
１３、１３ａ係合壁
１４凹部
１５接続部
１６接続部
１７制御壁
１８排水口
１９遮蔽部
１９ａ斜降部
１９ｂ垂直部
２０棟木固定部
２０ａ底面部
２０ｂ側壁部
２０ｃ舌片部
２１屋根下地材（野地板）
２２防水シート
２３換気用開口部
２４棟瓦
２５固定手段（ビス）
２６固定手段（ビス）
２７地瓦
２８換気路
２９シール材
３０棟木
３１棟木支持具
３２支柱壁
３３棟木固定部
３３ａ底面部
３３ｂ側壁部
３４取付部
３５、３６固定手段（ビス）
３７固定手段（ビス）孔
Ｐ、Ｐ１換気路[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a building ventilation device and a building ventilation structure, and more particularly to a building ventilation device and a building ventilation structure that mainly ventilate through a gap between a building tile and a ground tile.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various types of building ventilation devices have been proposed for ventilating through the gap between the building tile and the ground tile, but are described in Patent Document 1 as a typical example of a ventilation device provided in the roof ridge part. Things are known.
[0003]
According to this document, as shown in FIG. 22 , a gap is provided at the top of the roof 41 made of rafters, field boards, etc. and forming a double-flow roof surface. The roof ventilating passage 42 which rises by the odor or the natural ascending force and first passes together. Then, an auxiliary member 44 having a first ventilation port 43 erected so as to straddle the roof ventilation passage 42 is provided. Further, a gap is provided outside the auxiliary member 44 and a second portion is provided here. A purlin support member 47 that has a vent hole 45 and supports the purlin 46 in the center is provided. The auxiliary member 44 and the purlin support member 47 are fixed to the roof 41 by nails or the like (not shown).
[0004]
On the other hand, after fixing a pier 48 near the top of the roof 41, a roof tile 49 is hooked along the pier 48. Further, a passage forming member 53 having a third ventilation port 51 and a fourth ventilation port 52 is fixed to the purlin 46 by a nail or the like on the roof tile 49 through a sealing member 50. A roof tile 54 is placed on the passage forming member 53 and fixed to the purlin 46 by a fixture 55 such as a long nail or a screw. Further, ventilation is provided between the back surface of the roof tile 54 and the passage forming member 53. A passage 56 is formed.
[0005]
With this configuration, air rising from below toward the top of the roof passes through the roof ventilation passage 42 as indicated by the arrow K, and then zigzags through the first and second ventilation openings 43 and 45. Further, the air passes through the third and fourth ventilation ports 51 and 52 of the ventilation passage 56 and is discharged outside (the flow of the airflow is indicated by a solid line arrow).
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2901180
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional ventilator, when the weather is mild and the wind and rain are not strong, the updraft flowing toward the top of the roof and passing through the ventilation passage occurs smoothly, and the ventilation function is fully demonstrated, but the typhoon When the wind and rain are intense as in the case of time, the wind and rain W that blows up obliquely along the roof surface may flow inward from the gap formed by the roof tile 49 and the roof tile end portion 57 of the roof tile 54. That is, when intense wind and rain pass through this gap, it is accelerated at once in this narrow gap, so that it becomes raindrops or raindrops, resulting in the fourth and third ventilation openings 52 and 51, and the second and first ventilation openings. 45 and 43, and finally may flow backward to the roof ventilation passage 42 (the flow of the reverse flow is indicated by a broken line arrow).
[0008]
In addition, an unexpected gap may be generated around or around the ventilation device, which is formed by arranging a complicated building ventilation member having a large number of parts as described above. The gap may be due to an external force acting during construction or due to secular change. In such a state, the gap is formed between the second ventilation port 45 and the third ventilation port 51, in particular. In some cases, splashing or moisture components during backflow may adhere to or stay in the space where the water flows, and rainwater may enter the gaps due to capillarity and leak. As a result, there was a problem that a stain was generated on the ceiling or the vicinity of the ridge portion of the roof land 41 was corroded.
[0009]
The auxiliary member 44 is provided with a first ventilation port 43, the purlin support member 47 is provided with a second ventilation port 45, and the passage forming member 53 is provided with a third ventilation port 51 and a fourth ventilation port 52, respectively. However, thin steel plates, stainless steel plates, aluminum extruded products, and plastic extruded products are subjected to hole opening with a press or a drill and then ventilated, and then assembly is performed. It must be high. Furthermore, a thin material tends to be employed to facilitate processing, and tends to be inferior in terms of strength and durability. Further, the loss of the punching material is large, and it is a problem that the processing effort and cost cannot be overlooked.
[0010]
In view of the above circumstances, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, has a simple structure, and even in the case of heavy wind and rain such as during a typhoon, it is difficult for rain wind to flow into the interior, and it is inexpensive and has excellent workability. And it aims at providing the ridge ventilation structure using this apparatus.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention comprises a lower member X comprising a support portion erected substantially vertically and a mounting portion provided at a lower portion thereof, and an upper portion having a crown-shaped portion. The member Y is connected with the connecting member Z at an appropriate interval, and a space formed between the adjacent connecting member Z and the connecting member Z is defined as a ventilation path, and drainage is provided outside the ventilation path. The content is a ridge ventilation device characterized by standing a shielding part having a mouth .
[0012]
Claim 2 of the present invention, a plate-like body shielding portion has a drainage port at the bottom, a building ventilation system comprising according to claim 1, wherein provided in the mounting portion.
[0013]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the shielding part is composed of a slope part and a vertical part standing upright from an end part of the slope part, and a drain outlet is provided in the vicinity of the corner between the slope part and the vertical part. The ridge ventilation device according to claim 1 , wherein the ridge ventilation device is provided on a support portion of a lower member X at a lower portion of a ventilation path.
[0014]
A fourth aspect of the present invention is the building ventilation apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, in which projecting edge portions inclined to both sides of the coronal portion are extended.
[0015]
A fifth aspect of the present invention is the building ventilation apparatus according to the fourth aspect, in which a wall portion is suspended from an end portion of the sloped protruding edge portion so as to cover the ventilation opening.
[0016]
A sixth aspect of the present invention is the building ventilation apparatus according to the fifth aspect , wherein a control wall is provided inside the wall portion.
[0017]
Claim 7 of the present invention is the building ventilation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a recess is provided below the connection member Z, and a support portion of the lower member X is fitted into the recess. is there.
[0018]
Claim 8 of the present invention is the ridge ventilation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the support portion of the lower member X is provided with an uneven surface.
[0019]
Claim 9 of the present invention is the ridge ventilation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein aluminum or resin is extruded.
[0020]
Claim 10 of the present invention is the building ventilation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the upper member Y is provided with a purlin fixing portion.
[0021]
Claim 11 according to the second invention, the mounting portion of the lower member X of the building ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 mounted on a roof bed material, coronal portion of the upper member Y The ridge ventilation structure is characterized in that purlins are fixed on the upper surface of the building.
[0022]
According to Claim 12 of the third aspect of the present invention, the attachment portion of the lower member X of the building ventilation device of Claim 11 is attached on the roof base material, and the purlin is fixed to the ridge fixing portion of the upper member Y. The content is a building ventilation structure characterized by
[0023]
In a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the attachment portion of the lower member X of the ridge ventilation device according to any one of the first to ninth aspects is mounted on a roof base material, and the longitudinal direction of the ridge ventilation device The building ventilation structure is characterized in that the purlin is supported by a purlin support that is mounted on the roof base material at appropriate intervals in the direction.
[0024]
[Action]
In the building ventilation apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the space formed between the adjacent connection member Z and the connection member Z is a ventilation path, there is no need to form a ventilation opening in the member, and the lower member Since X, the upper member Y, and the connection member Z can be manufactured by extrusion molding, significant labor saving and cost reduction can be achieved. Further, since the lower member X and the upper member Y are fitted by the connecting member Z, the strength is sufficient. Further, on the outside of the ventilation passage, by providing the shielding portion having a discharge port, the inflow of weather (mainly rain) is more effectively prevented. Furthermore, by providing the upper member Y with a purlin fixing portion, the purlin can be easily fixed, and a compact ridge ventilation structure is possible.
[0025]
Further, in the ridge ventilation structure according to the second and third aspects of the present invention, the ridge is fixed to the upper surface of the crown portion of the upper member Y of the ridge ventilation apparatus or to the ridge fixing portion provided on the upper member Y, respectively. An inexpensive building ventilation structure with a simplified structure is provided.
[0026]
Furthermore, in the ridge ventilation structure according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the structure is simplified by supporting the ridges on the ridge support that is mounted on the roof base material at an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction of the ridge device. An inexpensive building ventilation structure is provided.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, although the Example of the building ventilation apparatus of this invention and the building ventilation structure using this apparatus is first demonstrated based on drawing, this invention is not limited at all by these.
[0028]
Example 1
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the building ventilation device according to the first embodiment is attached to the roof base material (field plate) on the support portion 1 erected substantially vertically and the lower portion thereof. Engagement wall 4 which faces lower member X which consists of attachment part 2 provided in the shape of a C so that it may follow the slope of this roof base material, and upper member Y provided with crown-like part 3 at appropriate intervals. Are connected by an H-shaped connecting member Z joined at the connecting portion 5 and, as indicated by the arrows, a space formed between the adjacent connecting members Z and the connecting members Z is used. ventilation passage P is formed Te, outside the該換air passage P, the shielding portion 19 having a drain outlet 18 that is erected. Although the space | interval which arrange | positions the connection member Z is not restrict | limited in particular, For example, it can select from about 10-50 cm.
In this way, the building ventilation device A2 including the lower member X, the upper member Y, and the connection member Z does not need to be formed by processing a ventilation port in the member, and therefore, the lower member X, the upper member Y, and the connection member Z Can be manufactured by extrusion molding, so that the cost can be greatly reduced. Further, since the lower member X and the upper member Y are fitted by the connecting member Z, the strength is sufficient.
The lower member X, the upper member Y, and the connecting member Z are usually joined by screws, welding, welding, adhesives, etc., but are not shown in principle in order to avoid complexity. The same applies to the following.
[0029]
The shielding part 19 is provided so as not to block ventilation from the ventilation path P and to prevent wind and rain (mainly rain) from entering the room through the ventilation path P from the outside, and is provided substantially vertically. However, it does not matter if it is tilted slightly to the left or right. Since wind and rain are generally blown obliquely from below, it is not always necessary to provide the upper part of the ventilation path P, and the height of the shielding part 19 may be determined as appropriate.
The wind and rain that enters from the gap between the roof tile and the ground tile is blocked by the shielding part 19, and even if some rain enters the inside of the shielding part 19, it is discharged to the outside through the drain port 18.
[0030]
Example 2
As shown in FIG. 3, the ridge ventilation apparatus according to the second embodiment is the ridge ventilation apparatus according to the first embodiment, except that the sloped protruding edge portions 6 are extended on both sides of the crown-shaped portion 3 of the upper member Y. Is the same. In this way, by extending the projecting edge portions 6 inclined to both sides of the crown-shaped portion 3, it is possible to effectively prevent rain and wind from entering.
[0031]
Example 3
As shown in FIG. 4, in the building ventilation device of the third embodiment, the lower member X is provided with the receiving portion 7 of the H-shaped connecting member Z in the outer middle portion of the support portion 1 erected substantially vertically. An uneven surface 8 is provided on the outer side above the receiving portion 7. Further, the upper member Y is provided with an engaging portion 9 on the inner side of the top portion, and is composed of a space portion formed between the adjacent connecting member Z and the connecting member Z from the end portion of the inclined protruding edge portion 6. A wall portion 10 is suspended so as to cover the ventilation path P <b> 1, and a small wall 11 bent inwardly extends at the lower end of the wall portion 10. Further, the connecting member Z is provided with an engaging portion 12 that engages with the engaging portion 9 of the upper member Y at the upper end, and a recessed portion 14 formed by engaging walls 13 and 13a below. . Then, the engaging portion 12 of the connecting member Z is engaged with the engaging portion 9 of the upper member Y, and the upper portion having the uneven surface 8 of the lower member X is press-fitted into the concave portion 14 below the connecting member Z. Consists of. Furthermore, the shielding part 19 which has the drain outlet 18 is standingly arranged outside the ventilation path P1.
In the building ventilation device having such a configuration, the connecting member Z and the upper member Y are engaged with the engaging portion 12 and the engaging portion 9, while the connecting member Z and the lower member X are provided with the uneven surface 8. Each of the upper portions having the above is physically integrated by being press-fitted into the recess 14. In the building ventilation device having such a configuration, ventilation paths P and P1 are formed in a zigzag shape as indicated by an arrow, and rain and wind intrusion from the outside can be more effectively prevented. In the present example, the receiving portion 7 of the connecting member Z may be omitted, and even if the uneven surface 8 is provided on the inner side, the effect is not changed.
[0032]
Example 4
As shown in FIG. 5, the ridge ventilation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment extends both inner engagement walls 13 a forming the concave portion 14 of the connection member Z, and via a mountain-shaped connection portion 15 at the lower end thereof. The structure is the same as that of the ridge ventilation structure of the third embodiment except that a substantially rectangular structure is formed by the connection part 16 at the substantially middle part and a control wall 17 is provided on the wall part 10 of the upper member Y.
As described above, the engagement portion of the connecting member Z with the lower member X is made into a substantially rectangular structure, so that the strength is greatly improved. Compared with the case of the third embodiment, a zigzag ventilation path P is formed, and rain and wind intrusion from the outside can be further effectively prevented .
[0033]
Example 5
As shown in FIG. 6 , the building ventilation device according to the fifth embodiment, instead of the shielding portion 19 made of a plate-like body, includes a sloping portion 19 a and a vertical portion 19 b erected from an end portion of the sloping portion 19 a. Example 1 except that a shielding part 19 made of a substantially L-shaped body having a drainage port 18 is provided in the vicinity of the corner between the inclined part 19a and the vertical part 19b (lower part of the vertical part 19b in FIG. 6 ). Is the same. In addition, the vertical part 19b should just be substantially perpendicular | vertical, and even if it inclines to the left and right a little, it does not interfere.
[0034]
Example 6
As shown in FIG. 7 , the building ventilation apparatus of the sixth embodiment is replaced with a shield part 19 made of a plate-like body, and a slope part 19 a and a vertical part 19 b erected from the end part of the slope part 19 a The shielding part 19 made of a substantially L-shaped body having a drainage port 18 in the vicinity of the corner between the inclined part 19a and the vertical part 19b (the front end part of the inclined part 19a in FIG. 7 ) Except for being provided on the side wall of the lower member X, the second embodiment is the same as the second embodiment.
[0035]
Example 7
As shown in FIG. 8 , the building ventilation apparatus of the seventh embodiment is replaced with a shield part 19 made of a plate-like body, and a slope part 19 a and a vertical part 19 b erected from an end of the slope part 19 a A shielding portion 19 made of a substantially L-shaped body having a drain outlet 18 in the vicinity of the corner portion between the inclined portion 19a and the vertical portion 19b (in FIG. 8 , the corner portion between the inclined portion 19a and the vertical portion 19b). The third embodiment is the same as the third embodiment except that it is provided on the side wall of the lower member X of the ventilation port 2.
[0036]
Example 8
As shown in FIG. 9 , the building ventilation apparatus of the eighth embodiment has an inclined part 19 a and a vertical part 19 b erected from the end of the inclined part 19 a instead of the shielding part 19 made of a plate-like body. A shielding part 19 made of a substantially L-shaped body having a drain outlet 18 in the vicinity of the corner between the inclined part 19a and the vertical part 19b (lower part of the vertical part 19b in FIG. 9 ) is provided as a lower member of the ventilation port 2. Example 4 is the same as Example 4 except that it is provided on the X side wall.
[0037]
Example 9
As shown in FIG. 10 , the building ventilator of Example 9 is erected on the surface of the coronal portion 3 of the upper member Y from the bottom surface portion 20a and both ends thereof in the building ventilation device of Example 1 (FIG. 1 ). A purlin fixing part 20 comprising a side wall part 20b is provided.
[0038]
Example 10
As shown in FIG. 11 , the building ventilator of Example 10 is erected on the surface of the crown-shaped portion 3 of the upper member Y from the bottom surface portion 20a and both ends thereof in the building ventilation device of Example 2 (FIG. 3 ). A purlin fixing part 20 comprising a side wall part 20b is provided.
[0039]
Example 11
As shown in FIG. 12 , the building ventilator of Example 11 is erected on the surface of the coronal portion 3 of the upper member Y from the bottom surface portion 20a and both ends thereof in the building ventilation device of Example 3 (FIG. 4 ). On the back surface of the side wall portion 20b and the bottom surface portion 20a, a purlin fixing portion 20 is provided that is formed with a C-shaped tongue piece portion 20c extending along the protruding edge portion 6 of the upper member Y.
[0040]
Example 12
As shown in FIG. 13 , the ridge ventilation apparatus of the twelfth embodiment is the same as that of the ridge ventilation apparatus of the fourth embodiment (FIG. 5 ), on the surface of the crown-shaped portion 3 of the upper member Y from the side wall portion 20 b and the lower portion thereof. A purlin fixing portion 20 including a tongue piece portion 20c extending along the edge portion 6 is provided.
[0041]
Example 13
As shown in FIG. 14 , the building ventilator of Example 13 is erected on the surface of the coronal portion 3 of the upper member Y from the bottom surface portion 20a and both ends thereof in the building ventilator of Example 5 (FIG. 6 ). A purlin fixing part 20 comprising a side wall part 20b is provided.
[0042]
Example 14
As shown in FIG. 15 , the building ventilator of Example 14 is erected on the surface of the coronal portion 3 of the upper member Y from the bottom surface 20a and both ends thereof in the building ventilation device of Example 6 (FIG. 7 ). A purlin fixing part 20 comprising a side wall part 20b is provided.
[0043]
Example 15
As shown in FIG. 16 , the building ventilation device of the fifteenth embodiment is erected on the surface of the crown-shaped portion 3 of the upper member Y from the bottom surface portion 20 a and both ends thereof in the building ventilation device of the seventh embodiment (FIG. 8 ). On the back surface of the side wall portion 20b and the bottom surface portion 20a, a purlin fixing portion 20 is provided that is formed with a C-shaped tongue piece portion 20c extending along the protruding edge portion 6 of the upper member Y.
[0044]
Example 16
As shown in FIG. 17 , the ridge ventilator of Example 16 is the same as the ridge ventilator of Example 8 (FIG. 9 ), except that the protrusions are formed on the surface of the crown portion 3 of the upper member Y from the side wall portion 20b and the lower portion thereof. A purlin fixing portion 20 including a tongue piece portion 20c extending along the edge portion 6 is provided.
[0045]
In the above embodiment, the drain port 18 of the shielding part 19 is provided with a drill hole or the like at the lower part of the shielding part 19, the corner part of the inclined part 19a and the vertical part 19b, or the tip part of the inclined part 19a. Although the example shown was shown, leaving the gap between the lower member X and the shielding part at the end (one end or both ends) in the length direction of the ridge ventilation device open without closing it, It is also possible to do.
[0046]
The building ventilation apparatus of the present invention as described above is suitably used for a building ventilation structure in which ventilation is performed through a gap between a building tile and a ground tile.
Hereinafter, the building ventilation apparatus A1 shown in Example 8 and the building ventilation apparatus A2 shown in Example 16 will be used to describe Examples 17 and 18 of typical building ventilation structures.
[0047]
Example 17
As shown in FIG. 18 , the building ventilation device A1 of the present invention (in Example 8 ) has a waterproof sheet 22 laid on the surface of a roof base material (field plate) 21 that forms both flow roof surfaces, and is opposed to the left and right. The fixing means (screws in the figure) 26 are inserted into the fixing means holes 2 a of the attachment part 2, and the roof base material 21 is interposed via the waterproof sheet 22. Attached to. The roof tile 27 is installed on the mounting portion 2 of the building ventilation device A1 with a gap so that a ventilation path 28 is formed between the edge 24a of the building tile 24 and the roof tile 27. A sealing material 29 is filled between the building ventilation device A1 and the roof tile 27.
[0048]
The purlin 30 is fixed to the upper part of the crown 3 of the upper member Y of the ridge ventilation device A1 by fixing means (screws in the figure) 26, and the ridge tile 24 and the purlin 30 by the fixing means (screws in the figure) 25 from the top of the ridge tile 24. A building ventilation structure in which the building ventilation device A1 is fixed on the roof base material 21 is formed.
The sealing material 29 may be inserted between the inclined portion 19 a of the shielding portion 19 and the roof tile 27 instead of the illustrated one.
[0049]
In the ridge ventilation structure, the air rising from the indoor passes over the shield 19 from the ventilation opening P1 of the ridge ventilation device A1 through the ventilation opening 23, as shown by the solid line on the right side of the figure, It is discharged to the outside from the ventilation path 28 between the edge 24a and the roof tile 27.
A ventilation member (not shown) may be interposed in the ventilation path 28 between the edge 24a of the ridge tile 24 and the ground tile 27 to prevent intrusion / nesting of birds and the like.
[0050]
On the other hand, rain and wind that have entered from the outside through the ventilation path 28 collide with the shielding part 19 or the wall part 10 and are prevented from entering the interior, as indicated by the wavy line on the left side of the figure. If rain enters the inside of the shielding part 19, it is discharged onto the waterproof sheet 22 from the drain port 18 provided at the lower part of the shielding part 19.
[0051]
Example 18
As shown in FIG. 19 , the building ventilation structure of the present example is the same as that of Example 17 except that the building ventilation device A1 in Example 17 is replaced with the building ventilation device A2 (of Example 16 ).
That is, in this example, the purlin 30 is fixed to the purlin fixing portion 20 on the surface of the crown-shaped portion 3 of the upper member Y by fixing means (screws in the figure) 26.
As in the case of the seventeenth embodiment, the sealing material 29 may be inserted between the inclined portion 19a of the shielding portion 19 and the ground tile 27 instead of the illustrated one.
[0052]
In the above building ventilation structure, the air rising from the indoor is zigzag between the ventilation opening 23 and the wall 10 from the ventilation path P1 of the building ventilation device A2 as indicated by the solid line on the right side of the figure. And is discharged from the ventilation path 28 to the outside.
On the other hand, rain and wind that have entered from the outside through the ventilation path 28 collide with the shielding part 19 or the wall part 10 and are prevented from entering the interior, as indicated by broken lines on the left side of the figure. In the unlikely event that rain enters the inside of the shielding part 19, it is discharged onto the waterproof sheet 22 from the drain port 18.
[0053]
Example 19
In Examples 17 and 18 , the ridge ventilation structure in which the ridge was fixed to the ridge ventilation device A1 or A2 directly or via a timber fixture, the ridge ventilation structure of the present example is the ridge ventilation in the ridge ventilation device. An example is shown in which the ridge ventilation structure is formed by supporting the ridge tree on a ridge tree support tool that is different from the ridge ventilation device, instead of fixing the ridge.
[0054]
That is, as shown in FIG. 20 , the purlin support 31 is attached on the roof base material 21 between the apparatus A2 and the apparatus A2 in the longitudinal direction (building direction) of the ridge ventilation apparatus A2, and the ridge support 31 is attached to the ridge support 31. The purlin 30 is supported.
The purlin support 31 is not particularly limited as long as it literally supports the purlin, but as a preferred example, as shown in the figure, the upper part of the support wall 32 is erected from the bottom surface 33a and both ends thereof. A purlin fixing portion 33 including a side wall portion 33 b is provided, and a mounting portion 34 is provided at a lower portion of the support wall 32 so as to follow the inclined surface of the roof base material 21. In the figure, the attachment part 34 of the purlin support 31 is attached to the roof base material 21 via the waterproof sheet 22 by fixing means (screws in the figure), and the purlin 30 is fixed to the purlin fixing part 33 (screws in the figure). ) 36. The building ventilation in this case is the same as in the case of Example 18 .
[0055]
FIG. 21 shows another example of the purlin support 31, which includes a flat purlin fixing portion 33 at the upper part of the two strut walls 32, and an inclined surface of the roof base material 21 at the lower part of the strut wall 32. The attachment part 34 is extended so that it may follow. Reference numeral 37 denotes a fixing means (screw) hole. The purlin 30 is fixed to the upper surface or the lower surface of the purlin fixing portion 33 as indicated by a two-dot chain line.
This type of purlin support 31 can be disposed so as to straddle the ridge ventilation device, in addition to the case where it is disposed between the ridge ventilation device and the ridge ventilation device.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the building ventilation device of the present invention uses the space formed between the adjacent connecting members and the connecting member as a ventilation path, so there is no need to form a ventilation port in the member, and the lower member Since X, the upper member Y, and the connecting member Z can be manufactured by extrusion molding, significant labor saving and cost reduction can be achieved. Further, since the lower member X and the upper member Y are fitted by the connecting member Z, the strength is sufficient. Further, by providing a shielding part having a drain outlet outside the ventilation path, the inflow of wind and rain (mainly rain) is effectively prevented. Furthermore, by providing the upper member Y with a purlin fixing portion, the purlin can be easily fixed, and a compact ridge ventilation structure is possible.
[0057]
Moreover, the ridge ventilation structure using the ridge ventilation device described above has a simple structure in which the ridge is fixed to the upper surface of the crown portion of the upper member Y of the ridge ventilation device or to the ridge fixing portion provided on the upper member Y, respectively. An inexpensive building ventilation structure is provided.
[0058]
Furthermore, the ridge ventilation structure using the ridge ventilation device and the timber support is constructed by supporting the ridge with the ridge support attached to the roof base material at an appropriate interval in the longitudinal direction of the ridge device. A simplified and inexpensive building ventilation structure is provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a building ventilation device.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line WW in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the building ventilation device.
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the building ventilation structure of the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the building ventilation structure of the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the building ventilation structure of the present invention.
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a purlin support used in the present invention.
FIG. 22 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional building ventilation structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Support part 2 Attachment part 2a Hole for fixing means 3 Crown-shaped part 4 Engagement wall 5 Connection part 6 Projection edge part 7 Receiving part 8 Irregular surface 9 Engagement part 10 Wall part 11 Small wall 12 Engagement part 13, 13a Engagement Wall 14 Recessed portion 15 Connection portion 16 Connection portion 17 Control wall 18 Drainage port 19 Shielding portion 19a Slope portion 19b Vertical portion 20 Purlin fixing portion 20a Bottom portion 20b Side wall portion 20c Tongue piece portion 21 Roof base material (field plate)
22 waterproof sheet 23 opening for ventilation 24 roof tile 25 fixing means (screw)
26 Fixing means (screw)
27 Ground tile 28 Ventilation path 29 Sealing material 30 Purlin 31 Purlin support 32 Support wall 33 Purlin fixing portion 33a Bottom portion 33b Side wall portion 34 Mounting portion 35, 36 Fixing means (screw)
37 Fixing holes (screws) P, P1 Ventilation path

Claims

A lower member X composed of a support portion erected substantially vertically and a mounting portion provided below the upper member Y and an upper member Y having a crown-shaped portion are connected by a connecting member Z at an appropriate interval, adjacent to each other. A building ventilator characterized in that a space formed between the connecting member Z and the connecting member Z is a ventilation path, and a shielding part having a drain outlet is provided outside the ventilation path.

Shielding portion is a plate-like body having a water outlet at the bottom, formed by providing the mounting portion Claim 1 building ventilation system according.

The shielding part is composed of a sloping part and a vertical part erected from the end part of the sloping part, and has a substantially L-shaped body having a drain outlet in the vicinity of the corner between the sloping part and the vertical part. The building ventilation device according to claim 1 , wherein the ridge ventilation device is provided on a support portion of the lower member X at the lower part of the ventilation path.

The ridge ventilation apparatus of any one of Claims 1-3 which extended the sloped part which inclined down on both sides of the coronal part.

The building ventilator according to claim 4 , wherein a wall portion is suspended from an end portion of the sloped protruding edge portion so as to cover the ventilation opening.

The building ventilation apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein a control wall is provided inside the wall portion.

The ridge ventilation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a recess is provided below the connecting member Z, and a support portion of the lower member X is fitted into the recess.

Ridge ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 provided an uneven surface to the support portion of the lower member X.

The building ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , which is formed by extrusion molding of aluminum or resin.

Ridge ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the upper member Y provided purlin fixing unit.

Wherein the mounting portion of the lower member X of the building ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 mounted on a roof bed material, purlin on the upper surface of the coronal portion of the upper member Y is fixed The building ventilation structure.

The ridge ventilation structure characterized by the attachment part of the lower member X of the ridge ventilation apparatus of Claim 10 being attached on the roof base material, and the ridger being fixed to the ridge fixing part of the upper member Y.

Billing mounting portion of the lower member X of the building ventilation system according to any one of claim 1 to 9 is mounted on a roof bed material, the building ventilation in the longitudinal direction of the device, on the roof bed material at appropriate intervals A ridge ventilation structure characterized in that a ridger is supported by a ridger support attached to the roof.