JP4100815B2 - Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a process cartridge, and an electrophotographic apparatus, and more specifically, a driving or driven member using polyarylate resin as a binder resin for a surface layer and provided with a fitting recess. method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photosensitive member Ru by binding them by cutting and bending the support ends in the fitting concave portion of the electrophotographic photosensitive member manufactured by the manufacturing method, and a process cartridge this has the electrophotographic photosensitive member The present invention relates to an electrophotographic apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the electrophotographic method, as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 2,297,691, an electric resistance is changed according to an irradiation amount received during image exposure, and a light comprising a support coated with an insulating material in a dark place. A conductive material is used. The basic characteristics required for an electrophotographic photosensitive member using this photoconductive material are (1) that it can be charged to an appropriate potential in a dark place, (2) there is little potential dissipation in the dark place, (3) It is possible to quickly dissipate charges by light irradiation.
[0003]
Conventionally, as an electrophotographic photoreceptor, an inorganic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer mainly composed of an inorganic photoconductive compound such as selenium, zinc oxide or cadmium sulfide has been widely used. However, these satisfy the conditions (1) to (3), but are not always satisfactory in terms of thermal stability, moisture resistance, durability, productivity, and the like.
[0004]
In order to overcome the drawbacks of inorganic photoreceptors, electrophotographic photoreceptors based on various organic photoconductive compounds as main components have been actively developed in recent years. For example, US Pat. No. 3,838,851 discloses a photoreceptor having a charge transport layer containing triallyl pyrazoline, and US Pat. No. 3,871,880 discloses a charge generation layer composed of a derivative of perylene pigment and a condensate of 3-propylene and formaldehyde. A photosensitive member comprising a charge transport layer is known.
[0005]
Further, the organic photoconductive compound can freely select the photosensitive wavelength range of the electrophotographic photosensitive member depending on the compound. For example, for azo pigments, JP-A 61-272754 and JP-A 56- The substance disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 167759 discloses a substance exhibiting high sensitivity in the visible region, and the compounds disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 57-19576 and 61-228453 are red. It is shown to have sensitivity to the outer region.
[0006]
Among these materials, those showing sensitivity in the infrared region are used in laser beam printers (hereinafter abbreviated as LBP) and LED printers that have made remarkable progress in recent years, and the demand frequency thereof is increasing.
[0007]
Electrophotographic photoreceptors using these organic photoconductive compounds are used as function-separated photoreceptors in which a charge transport layer and a charge generation layer are laminated in order to satisfy both electrical and mechanical properties. There are many cases. On the other hand, as a matter of course, the electrophotographic photosensitive member is required to have sensitivity, electrical characteristics, and optical characteristics according to the applied electronic process.
[0008]
In particular, in an electrophotographic photoreceptor that is repeatedly used, the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is directly subjected to electrical and mechanical external forces such as corona or direct charging, image exposure, toner development, transfer process, and surface cleaning. , Durability against them is also required.
[0009]
Specifically, electrical deterioration due to ozone and nitrogen oxides during charging, electrical discharge due to charging, mechanical deterioration in which the surface is worn or scratched by rubbing of the cleaning member, durability against electrical deterioration Sex is required.
[0010]
In particular, organic photoreceptors, which are often materially soft unlike inorganic photoreceptors, are poor in durability against mechanical deterioration, and improvement in durability is particularly desired.
[0011]
Various attempts have been made to satisfy the durability characteristics required for the photoreceptor as described above.
[0012]
As a resin often used for the surface layer and having good wear resistance and electrical properties, polycarbonate resin having bisphenol A as a skeleton has attracted attention. However, it cannot solve all the above-mentioned problems, and It has the following problems.
[0013]
(1) These solvents are poor in solubility, exhibit only good solubility in a part of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and 1,2-dichloroethane, and these solvents have low boiling points. When the photoconductor is produced using the coating solution prepared in (1), the coated surface is likely to be whitened. It also takes time to manage the solid content of the coating liquid.
[0014]
(2) Solvents other than halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons are partially soluble in tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, cyclohexanone, or a mixed solvent thereof, but the solution is gelled in several days. It is not suitable for photoconductor production.
[0015]
(3) Furthermore, even if the above (1) and (2) are improved, a solvent crack is likely to occur in the polycarbonate resin having bisphenol A as a skeleton.
[0016]
(4) In addition, in the conventional polycarbonate resin, since the film formed of the resin does not have lubricity, the photoconductor is easily damaged, and an image defect is caused in a cleaning setting that reduces the wear amount of the electrophotographic photoconductor. Or cleaning defects due to early deterioration of the cleaning blade, toner fusing, and the like may occur.
[0017]
The solution stability listed in the above (1) and (2) can be solved by using a polycarbonate Z resin having a bulky cyclohexylene group as a polymer structural unit or by copolymerizing with bisphenol Z, bisphenol C or the like. It has been.
[0018]
Solvent cracks can also be solved by using a silicone-modified polycarbonate or an ether-modified polycarbonate as disclosed in JP-A-6-51544 and JP-A-6-75415. However, these modified polycarbonates have a structure that is flexible against internal stress in the polymer in order to counteract the solvent cracks compared to conventional polycarbonate resins, and as a result, the polymer body There was a drawback that the mechanical strength was lowered.
[0019]
In recent years, direct charging systems such as those disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 57-17826 and 58-40566 have been mainly used, in which a voltage is directly applied to a charging member and electric charges are applied to an electrophotographic photosensitive member. is there.
[0020]
This is a method in which a roller-shaped charging member made of conductive rubber or the like is directly brought into contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive member to apply a charge. Compared with a scorotron or the like, the amount of ozone generated is significantly smaller. About 80% of the current flowing in the capacitor is wasted because it flows to the shield, whereas direct charging has the merit of being very economical since there is no wasted amount.
[0021]
However, the direct charging has a drawback that the charging stability is very poor due to charging by discharge according to Paschen's law. As a countermeasure, a so-called AC / DC charging method in which an AC voltage is superimposed on a DC voltage is disclosed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-149668).
[0022]
Although this charging method improves the stability during charging, the amount of discharge on the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is greatly increased due to the superposition of the AC voltage, and the amount of abrasion of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is increased. New defects have arisen, and not only mechanical strength but also electrical strength has been required.
[0023]
Furthermore, as a method for coupling a driving or driven member for achieving high durability and high stability, a method is disclosed in which a support end portion is cut and bent in a concave portion of a driving or driven member provided with a fitting concave portion. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-200462).
[0024]
However, in order to cut and bond, the application start position of the upper end portion is limited in order to prevent peeling of the surface layer. For this reason, the film thickness sagging at the upper end portion may cause one-side scraping due to the influence of electric discharge due to direct charging, and image end portion fogging may be a problem.
[0025]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional polycarbonate resin surface layer, and have high mechanical, electrical strength and adhesion, and always obtain high-quality images in repeated electrophotographic processes. high durability for a method of manufacturing the electrophotographic photosensitive member to produce an excellent electrophotographic photoreceptor stability, the electrophotographic photosensitive member manufactured by the manufacturing method, a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus having the electrophotographic photosensitive member Is to provide.
[0026]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, a method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a cylindrical conductive support and a photosensitive layer on the conductive support ,
(I) forming a coating film on the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member by dip coating;
(Ii) After step (i), a step of inserting a driving or driven member having a fitting recess into the end of the conductive support on the lower side of the surface layer application;
(Iii) After the step (ii), the conductive or conductive member is cut into the fitting recess of the driving support member by cutting and bending the end of the conductive support on the lower surface layer side together with the coating on the surface layer. A step of coupling the driving or driven member to an end of the support layer on the lower end side of the surface layer application;
In a method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor having
There is provided a method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor , wherein a polyarylate resin having a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1) is used as the binder resin for the surface layer.
[0027]
[Chemical 2]
[0028]
In Formula (1) , X ¹ is —CR ¹³ R ¹⁴ — {wherein R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ each independently have a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent. An aryl group that may be used . }, An optionally substituted cycloalkylidene group, an optionally substituted α, ω-alkylene group, a single bond, —O—, —S—, —SO—, or —SO ₂ —. is there. R ^{1 to} R ¹² are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group that may have a substituent, or an aryl group that may have a substituent.
Moreover, according to this invention, the electrophotographic photoreceptor manufactured with the said manufacturing method is provided.
Further, according to the present invention, the electrophotographic photosensitive member, a charging means for charging the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member are developed with toner, and the electrophotographic photosensitive member is developed. And a developing means for forming a toner image and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a cleaning means for removing toner remaining on the electrophotographic photosensitive member after the toner image is transferred onto a transfer material. And a process cartridge that is detachably attached to the main body of the electrophotographic apparatus.
According to the present invention, the electrophotographic photosensitive member, a charging means for charging the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and exposing the charged electrophotographic photosensitive member to form an electrostatic latent image on the electrophotographic photosensitive member. Exposure means for developing, developing means for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member with toner to form a toner image on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member An electrophotographic apparatus is provided that includes a transfer unit that transfers a toner image onto a transfer material.
[0029]
In formula (1) , examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group. Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthryl group. Examples of the cycloalkylidene group include a cyclohexylidene group, a cycloheptylidene group, and a fluorenylidene group. Examples of the α, ω-alkylene group include a 1,2-ethylene group, a 1,3-propylene group, and a 1,4-butylene group. Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom.
[0030]
Examples of the substituent that these groups may have include a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group or an anthryl group. Examples thereof include an aralkyl group such as an aryl group, a benzyl group or a phenethyl group, or an alkoxy group such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group or a propoxy group.
[0031]
The single bond means that the benzene rings on both sides of X ¹ are directly bonded, and examples include structural unit examples 7, 23 and 24 described later.
[0032]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0033]
Although the specific example of the structural unit of resin used for this invention is shown below, it is not restricted to these.
[0034]
[Table 1]
[0035]
[Table 2]
[0036]
[Table 3]
[0037]
[Table 4]
[0038]
[Table 5]
[0039]
Preferred examples include structural unit examples 1, 2, and 7. Structural unit example 1 is particularly preferred.
[0040]
The resin having the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) used in the present invention is a mixture of terephthalic acid chloride / isophthalic acid chloride in order to increase the solubility of the bisphenol represented by the following general formula (2). And in the presence of alkali and interfacial polymerization by stirring in a solvent / water mixed system and can be easily produced.
[0041]
[Chemical 3]
[0042]
In Formula (2) , X ² represents —CR ²⁹ R ³⁰ — {wherein R ²⁹ and R ³⁰ each independently have a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent. An aryl group that may be used . }, An optionally substituted cycloalkylidene group, an optionally substituted α, ω-alkylene group, a single bond, —O—, —S—, —SO—, or —SO ₂ —. is there. R ^{21 to} R ²⁸ are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group that may have a substituent, or an aryl group that may have a substituent.
[0043]
The ratio of terephthalic acid chloride to isophthalic acid chloride is usually determined in consideration of the solubility of the polymer, but there is no established theory. However, if any chloride is 30 mol% or less, the solubility of the synthesized polymer is extremely lowered, which is not preferable. Usually, it is preferable to synthesize at a ratio of 1/1.
[0044]
In the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, a polymer composed of the same structural unit represented by the general formula (1) is composed of two or more different structural units represented by the general formula (1). A copolymer may be used. Furthermore, you may blend 2 or more types of resin which has a structural unit shown by General formula (1), or resin and other resin. The resin used in the present invention preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 250,000, and particularly preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 150,000.
[0045]
The resin according to the present invention contains a unit having rigidity in the structural unit, and the unit is partially vitrified when the electrophotographic photosensitive member is formed, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the entire polymer film.
[0046]
In terms of electrical resistance, the arylate structure in which molecular cleavage due to electrical degradation is an ester bond of an aryl group as compared to a carbonate bond is resistant to electric current caused by charging, and is considered to have particularly improved electrical resistance performance. The reason for this has not been confirmed, but it is presumed that the carbonate bond has oxygen atoms on both sides of the carboxy group, so that the dipole moment is large and weak against electric energy.
[0047]
Furthermore, the starting position of pulling up the surface layer according to the present invention by dip coating is within 3 mm from the upper end of the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and it is effective to cut and bond the upper end portion.
[0048]
That is, in the present invention, the conventional polycarbonate resin is obtained by cutting and bonding the end of the support into the recess of the driving or driven member that includes the polyarylate resin in the surface layer and provided with the fitting recess. An electrophotographic photosensitive material that solves the problems of the surface layer, has high mechanical and electrical strength, and has high durability and stability that can always provide high-quality images in repeated electrophotographic processes. The body can be provided.
[0049]
Hereinafter, the structure of the electrophotographic photosensitive member used in the present invention will be described.
[0050]
The electrophotographic photoreceptor in the present invention has a photosensitive layer on a support. The photosensitive layer may be a single layer type containing a charge transport material and a charge generation material in the same layer, or a laminate type separated into a charge transport layer and a charge generation layer. Is preferred.
[0051]
Support used is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity, such as aluminum, metals such as stainless steel or a conductive layer of metal which is provided, paper, plastic or the like Ru mentioned. Shape Ru circular cylindrical der.
[0052]
When the exposure light such as LBP is laser light, a conductive layer may be provided between the support and the photosensitive layer for the purpose of preventing interference fringes due to scattering or covering the support. This can be formed by dispersing conductive powder such as carbon black and metal particles in a binder resin. The thickness of the conductive layer is preferably 5 to 40 μm, more preferably 10 to 30 μm.
[0053]
Further thereon, an intermediate layer having an adhesive function and a barrier function is provided. Examples of the material for the intermediate layer include polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, ethyl cellulose, casein, polyurethane, polyether urethane, and the like. These are dissolved in a suitable solvent and applied. The thickness of the intermediate layer is preferably 0.05 to 5 μm, more preferably 0.3 to 1 μm.
[0054]
A charge generation layer is formed on the intermediate layer. Examples of the charge generating material used in the present invention include selenium-tellurium, pyrylium, thiapyrylium dyes, phthalocyanine, anthanthrone, dibenspyrenequinone, trisazo, cyanine, disazo, monoazo, indigo, quinacridone, and asymmetric quinocyanine. Pigments.
[0055]
In the case of the function separation type, the charge generation layer is composed of the above charge generation material with a binder resin and a solvent in an amount of 0.3 to 4 times, a homogenizer, an ultrasonic dispersion, a ball mill, a vibration ball mill, a sand mill, an attritor, a roll mill, and a liquid collision type high speed. It is well dispersed by a method such as a disperser, and the dispersion is applied and dried. The thickness of the charge generation layer is preferably 5 μm or less, more preferably 0.1 to 2 μm.
[0056]
The charge transport layer is formed by applying and drying a paint in which a charge transport material and the binder resin of the present invention are mainly dissolved in a solvent. Examples of the charge transport material used include triarylamine compounds, hydrazone compounds, stilbene compounds, pyrazoline compounds, oxazole compounds, triallylmethane compounds, thiazole compounds, and the like. These are combined with 0.5 to 2 times the amount of the binder resin, applied and dried to form a charge transport layer. The thickness of the charge transport layer is preferably 5 to 40 μm, more preferably 15 to 30 μm.
[0057]
A driving or driven member provided with a fitting recess is inserted into at least one end of a cylindrical support having a photosensitive layer, and the end of the support is cut and joined into the fitting recess. The cut-bend coupling is at two or more at one end, and preferably at two opposite locations and at four locations with equal circumferences.
[0058]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus using a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention.
[0059]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a drum-shaped electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, which is rotationally driven around a shaft 2 in a direction indicated by an arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed. In the rotation process, the photosensitive member 1 is uniformly charged at a predetermined positive or negative potential on its peripheral surface by the primary charging unit 3 and then output from an exposure unit (not shown) such as slit exposure or laser beam scanning exposure. The exposure light 4 that is emphasized and modulated corresponding to the time-series electrical digital image signal of the target image information is received. In this way, electrostatic latent images corresponding to target image information are sequentially formed on the peripheral surface of the photoreceptor 1.
[0060]
The formed electrostatic latent image is then developed with toner by the developing unit 5, and the developed toner image is synchronized with the rotation of the photoconductor 1 between the photoconductor 1 and the transfer unit 6 from a paper supply unit (not shown). The toner image formed and supported on the surface of the photosensitive member 1 is sequentially transferred by the transfer means 6 onto the transfer material 7 taken out and fed.
[0061]
The transfer material 7 that has received the transfer of the toner image is separated from the surface of the photosensitive member, introduced into the image fixing means 8, and subjected to image fixing, thereby being printed out as an image formed product (print, copy).
[0062]
After the image transfer, the surface of the photoreceptor 1 is cleaned by removing the transfer residual toner by the cleaning unit 9 and further subjected to charge removal processing by the pre-exposure light 10 from the pre-exposure unit (not shown), and then repeatedly. Used for image formation. When the primary charging unit 3 is a contact charging unit using a charging roller or the like, pre-exposure is not always necessary.
[0063]
In the present invention, among the above-described components such as the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1, the primary charging unit 3, the developing unit 5 and the cleaning unit 9, a plurality of components are housed in a container 11 and integrally combined as a process cartridge. The process cartridge may be configured to be detachable from an electrophotographic apparatus main body such as a copying machine or a laser beam printer. For example, at least one of the primary charging unit 3, the developing unit 5, and the cleaning unit 9 is integrally supported together with the photosensitive member 1 to form a cartridge, and can be detachably attached to the apparatus main body using a guide unit 12 such as a rail of the apparatus main body. It can be a process cartridge.
[0064]
Further, when the electrophotographic apparatus is a copying machine or a printer, the exposure light 4 is reflected or transmitted light from the original, or the original is read by a sensor and converted into a signal, and a laser beam scanning performed according to this signal is performed. Light emitted by driving the LED array, driving the liquid crystal shutter array, or the like.
[0065]
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention can be used not only for electrophotographic copying machines but also widely for electrophotographic application fields such as laser beam printers, CRT printers, LED printers, liquid crystal printers, and laser plate making.
[0066]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples. In addition, "part" in an Example shows a weight part.
[0067]
Example 1
A 30 mmφ, 254 mm long aluminum cylinder is used as a support, and a coating composed of the following materials is applied to the support by a dipping method, and cured by heating at a temperature of 140 ° C. for 30 minutes, resulting in a film thickness of 15 μm. The conductive layer was formed.
[0068]
Conductive pigment: SnO ₂ coated barium sulfate 10 parts Resistance adjusting pigment: Titanium oxide 2 parts Binder resin: Phenol resin 6 parts Leveling material: Silicone oil 0.001 part Solvent: Methanol / methoxypropanol (0.2 / 0. 8) 20 copies [0069]
Next, a solution obtained by dissolving 3 parts of N-methoxydimethylated nylon and 3 parts of copolymer nylon in a mixed solvent of 65 parts of methanol / 30 parts of n-butanol was applied on this conductive layer by a dipping method, and the film thickness was 0. An intermediate layer of 5 μm was formed.
[0070]
Next, oxytitanium phthalocyanine having strong peaks at 9.0 °, 14.2 °, 23.9 ° and 27.1 ° of the Bragg angles (2θ ± 0.2 degrees) of the characteristic X-ray diffraction of CuKα ( Disperse 4 parts of TiOPc, 2 parts of polyvinyl butyral (trade name: ESREC BM2, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 60 parts of cyclohexanone for 4 hours in a sand mill using 1 mmφ glass beads, and then add 100 parts of ethyl acetate to generate charge. A layer dispersion was prepared. This was applied by a dipping method to form a charge generation layer having a thickness of 0.3 μm.
[0071]
Next, 9 parts of an amine compound of the following structural formula,
[0072]
[Formula 4]
1 part of an amine compound of the structural formula
[0073]
[Chemical formula 5]
10 parts of the polymer described in Condition 1 of Table 6 were dissolved in a mixed solvent of 30 parts of monochlorobenzene / 70 parts of dichloromethane to prepare a dispersion for charge transport. This was lifted and applied from the position of the upper end of the support 1 mm by the dipping method, and then dried at 150 ° C. for 2 hours to form a charge transport layer having a thickness of 30 μm.
[0074]
Next, an upper end of the surface layer coating member of the electrophotographic photosensitive member, in which a driving and driven member having two rectangular hole-shaped fitting recesses facing each other is formed by injection molding of polyarylate resin, and the above-mentioned photosensitive layer is coated. The drive member was inserted into the application lower end, and the driven member was inserted into each of the two fitting recesses by cutting 0.8 mm in the vertical direction of the support and joining them.
[0075]
Next, evaluation will be described. The apparatus used was a modified Hewlett-Packard LBP “Laser Jet 4 plus” (process speed 71 mm / sec). In the modification, the primary charging control was changed from constant current control to constant voltage control. The electrophotographic photosensitive member thus prepared was subjected to a durability test for repeated use of paper with this apparatus. The sequence was an intermittent mode that stopped once for each printed sheet. When the toner runs out, it is replenished every time and 50,000 sheets are used.
[0076]
As a result, there was no occurrence of peeling of the coating film throughout the durability, and a very good image without end fogging was obtained. The results are shown in Table 7.
[0077]
(Example 2)
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin for the surface layer was prepared from the polymer described in Condition 2 in Table 6. As a result, there was no occurrence of peeling of the coating film throughout the durability, and a very good image without end fogging was obtained. The results are shown in Table 7.
[0078]
(Example 3)
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin for the surface layer was prepared with the polymer described in Condition 3 in Table 6. As a result, there was no occurrence of peeling of the coating film throughout the durability, and a very good image without end fogging was obtained. The results are shown in Table 7.
[0079]
Example 4
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conductive layer and the intermediate layer were not provided. As a result, there was no occurrence of peeling of the coating film throughout the durability, and a very good image without end fogging was obtained. The results are shown in Table 7.
[0080]
(Comparative Example 1)
The surface layer binder resin was prepared with polycarbonate resin (trade name: Z-200, manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.), and an electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the lower end 10 mm was peeled off. evaluated. As a result, the film peeling at the upper end deteriorated at 5000 sheets, making it impossible to continue the durability. The results are shown in Table 7.
[0081]
(Comparative Example 2)
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the surface layer was pulled up and applied from the position of the upper end of the support 10 mm. As a result, there was no occurrence of peeling of the coating film through durability, but image edge fogging occurred on 25,000 sheets. The results are shown in Table 7.
[0082]
[Table 6]
[0083]
[Table 7]
[0084]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention, using a polyarylate resin as a binder resin of the surface layer, and by Rukoto cutting and bending the support end to the fitting concave portion of the drive or driven member provided with a fitting recess by bonding them, mechanical, strong electrical strength and adhesion, and high durability constantly high quality image obtained in repeated electrophotographic process, a method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photosensitive member having excellent stability, electrons produced by this production method photosensitive member, it becomes possible to provide a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus which this having an electrophotographic photosensitive member.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus using a process cartridge having an electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Photoconductor 2 Axis 3 Charging means 4 Exposure light 5 Developing means 6 Transfer means 7 Transfer material 8 Fixing means 9 Cleaning means 10 Pre-exposure light 11 Process cartridge container 12 Guide means

Claims (5)

A method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a cylindrical conductive support and a photosensitive layer on the conductive support ,
(I) forming a coating film on the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member by dip coating;
(Ii) After step (i), a step of inserting a driving or driven member having a fitting recess into the end of the conductive support on the lower side of the surface layer application;
(Iii) After the step (ii), the conductive or conductive member is cut into the fitting recess of the driving support member by cutting and bending the end of the conductive support on the lower surface layer side together with the coating on the surface layer. A step of coupling the driving or driven member to an end of the support layer on the lower end side of the surface layer application;
In a method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor having
Process for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, characterized in that there use a polyarylate resin having a structural unit as the binder resin of the surface layer represented by the following general formula (1).
(In formula (1) , X ¹ represents —CR ¹³ R ¹⁴ — {wherein R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent. . an aryl group which may have}, which may have a substituent cycloalkylidene group, an optionally substituted alpha, .omega. alkylene group, a single bond, -O -, - S-, —SO— or —SO ₂ — In addition, R ^{1 to} R ¹² are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, or an aryl which may have a substituent. Group . )   The method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein an aluminum cylinder is used as the conductive support. An electrophotographic photosensitive member produced by the production method according to claim 1. An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3, charging means for charging the electrophotographic photoreceptor, an electrostatic latent image formed on said electrophotographic photosensitive member onto and developed with toner on the electrophotographic photosensitive member developing means for forming a toner image, and both integrated and at least one means selected from the group consisting of cleaning means for removing toner remaining on the electrophotographic photosensitive member after transferring onto the transfer material the toner image And a process cartridge which is detachable from the main body of the electrophotographic apparatus. Forming electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3, charging means for charging the electrophotographic photoreceptor, an electrostatic latent image on the electrophotographic photosensitive member charged rows exposure to said electrophotographic photosensitive member Exposure means for developing, developing means for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member with toner to form a toner image on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member An electrophotographic apparatus comprising transfer means for transferring a toner image onto a transfer material .