JP4099848B2 - Traction oil supply device for toroidal type continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the toroidal type continuously variable transmission used as a transmission for an automobile, for example, when the toroidal type transmission mechanism is rotated in a so-called oil film cut state, the traction surfaces of the input disk and the output disk, and the power roller The present invention relates to a traction oil supply device for a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission that prevents damage caused by rubbing on a peripheral surface.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The toroidal type continuously variable transmission, which has been studied mainly as a transmission for automobiles, is sandwiched between an input disk and an output disk, each of which has an arcuate concave cross section on the surfaces facing each other. At least one set of toroidal transmission mechanisms having a structure in which a plurality of freely rotatable power rollers are combined is provided. The input disk is mounted so as to be able to rotate integrally with the torque input shaft and to be restricted from moving in the direction of the torque input shaft, while the output disk is relatively fixed to the torque input shaft. It is mounted opposite to the input disk so that it can be rotated and movement in the direction away from the input disk is restricted.
[0003]
In the toroidal type transmission mechanism as described above, when the input disk rotates, the output disk rotates reversely via the power roller. Therefore, the rotational motion input to the torque input shaft is coupled to the output disk as a rotational motion in the reverse direction. It is transmitted to the output gear and taken out from the output shaft. At this time, the speed of rotation from the torque input shaft to the output gear is increased by changing the inclination angle of the rotating shaft of the power roller so that the peripheral surface of the power roller is in contact with the vicinity of the outer periphery of the input disk and the center of the output disk. On the contrary, the torque input shaft is changed by changing the tilt angle of the rotation shaft of the power roller so that the peripheral surface of the power roller is in contact with the vicinity of the center of the input disk and the vicinity of the outer periphery of the output disk. To the output gear. Further, an intermediate gear ratio can be obtained almost steplessly by appropriately adjusting the inclination angle of the rotating shaft of the power roller.
[0004]
Since the driving force is transmitted between the input disk / power roller and between the power roller / output disk in the toroidal transmission mechanism through frictional contact, the traction surfaces of the input disk and output disk and the peripheral surface of the power roller An oil film is formed between them to protect the metal surface of each member. These oil films are constantly reformed by guiding traction oil sent from a supply pump driven by a prime mover such as an engine to the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism.
[0005]
In addition, in a drive system of an automobile that performs automatic gear shifting, it is necessary to gradually increase the magnitude of the drive torque transmitted from a prime mover such as an engine to the axle on which the drive wheels are mounted, and gradually decrease when stopping. In addition, a starting mechanism is provided for switching between a torque intermittent state when starting and stopping. In the case of an automobile equipped with a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission as an automatic transmission, a type of starting mechanism that changes the magnitude of the driving force via hydraulic oil, such as a wet multi-plate clutch or a torque converter, is often used. It is disposed either between the prime mover such as the engine and the input disk of the toroidal transmission mechanism or between the output disk of the toroidal transmission mechanism and the drive wheel. Therefore, in a toroidal type continuously variable transmission in which the starting mechanism is provided between the toroidal type transmission mechanism and the drive wheel, each part of the toroidal type transmission mechanism always rotates together with the prime mover, while the starting mechanism is between the prime mover and the toroidal type transmission mechanism. In the toroidal type continuously variable transmission provided in, each part of the toroidal type transmission mechanism always rotates together with the drive wheels.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The traction oil that forms an oil film between each traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism and the power roller peripheral surface falls gradually over time due to the influence of gravity, so these surfaces gradually become so-called It changes to the state of running out of oil film. As a result, the oil film between each traction surface and the power roller peripheral surface disappears completely in the toroidal type continuously variable transmission mounted on the automobile that has been left for a long time with the prime mover stopped. The input disk, the output disk, and the metal members of the power roller are in direct contact with each other.
[0007]
As described above, when the toroidal transmission mechanism of an automobile that has been left for a long time starts to rotate, the metal of the input disk and output disk that are in contact with each other without an oil film and the power roller are directly rubbed together. Therefore, the surface of each member is damaged. In the traction section of a toroidal transmission mechanism that is operated under high temperature and high surface pressure conditions, surface separation occurs due to the minute damage to the surface of the member formed by such direct contact rotation when the oil film is cut. There is a high risk of serious problems such as reducing the durability of the entire toroidal continuously variable transmission.
[0008]
For example, if the starting mechanism is a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission provided between a toroidal-type transmission mechanism and a drive wheel, when starting the prime mover, the toroidal-type transmission is started by the prime mover before the oil supply pump starts to operate stably. Since each part of the mechanism is forcibly rotated, a problem relating to the direct contact of each member described above occurs. In addition, when the starting mechanism is a toroidal continuously variable transmission provided between the prime mover and the toroidal transmission mechanism, oil is supplied when the drive wheels are rotated from the outside while the prime mover is stopped due to traction, etc. Since each part of the toroidal type transmission mechanism is forcibly rotated by the friction torque of the drive wheel without driving the pump, there still arises a problem related to the direct contact of each member described above.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in response to the above-mentioned circumstances, and each traction surface of the input disk and the output disk and the peripheral surface of the power roller are in direct contact with no oil film interposed therebetween. To provide a traction oil supply device for a toroidal continuously variable transmission that prevents damage to the traction surface and the power roller peripheral surface by supplying traction oil around the contact point when each part of the mechanism is rotated. To do.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a traction oil supply device for a toroidal type continuously variable transmission, and the object of the present invention is to provide a traction oil supply pump for pumping traction oil to a traction surface of a toroidal type transmission mechanism, and the toroidal When the prime mover is started, the prime mover is incorporated in a toroidal continuously variable transmission that is arranged between the type transmission mechanism and the drive wheel and has a start mechanism for switching between torque interruption at start and stop. This is effectively achieved by the traction oil supply device for the toroidal continuously variable transmission that supplies the traction oil to the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism before the output shaft actually starts rotating.
[0011]
The above-mentioned object of the present invention is arranged between the traction oil supply pump for pumping the traction oil to the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism, and the output shaft of the prime mover and the toroidal transmission mechanism, at the time of starting and stopping. Is incorporated in a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission having a starting mechanism for switching torque on / off, and when the driving wheels are rotated from the outside with the prime mover stopped, the traction surface of the toroidal-type transmission mechanism This can also be achieved effectively by a traction oil supply device for a toroidal type continuously variable transmission that supplies traction oil.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The traction oil supply device of the present invention is incorporated in a toroidal continuously variable transmission equipped with a traction oil supply pump for pumping traction oil to the vicinity of the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism, and is independent of the traction oil supply pump. Works. Below, each structural example in case the traction oil supply apparatus of this invention is applied to the vehicle which has internal combustion engines, such as an engine, as a motor is demonstrated. The configuration of the present invention is roughly divided into two types according to the position where the start mechanism for switching between torque interruption at start and stop is provided.
[0013]
In the case of a traction oil supply device of the type in which the starting mechanism is incorporated in a toroidal continuously variable transmission arranged between the toroidal transmission mechanism and the drive wheel, the surface of each member of the toroidal transmission mechanism is changed when the prime mover is started. In order to prevent damage, the traction oil is supplied near the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism between the time the driver starts the prime mover such as the engine and the time when the output shaft of the prime mover is actually started. To supply. Therefore, this type of traction oil supply apparatus requires a sensor connected to the ignition switch and an oil delivery means for delivering a predetermined amount of traction oil in a short time. For example, an electric pump, an accumulator, or a cylinder held in a compressed state can be used as the oil delivery means.
[0014]
In the configuration example using the electric pump as the oil delivery means, a pressure feed pump driven by a motor is disposed near the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism. When the operation of the ignition switch is detected by a sensor when the engine or the like is started, it is necessary to form an oil film before the toroidal transmission mechanism starts rotating by energizing the motor and operating the pressure pump. Deliver an amount of traction oil around the traction surface. At this time, if the power supply to the cell motor is performed after about 1-2 seconds have passed since the energization of the pressure pump, a time difference is produced until the output shaft of the engine or the like actually starts rotating. be able to. As a result, an oil film is reliably formed on the traction surface and the peripheral surface of the power roller of the toroidal transmission mechanism that rotates integrally with the output shaft of the engine or the like before starting.
[0015]
In the configuration example using the accumulator as the oil delivery means, the accumulator is disposed in the vicinity of the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism. In the accumulator connected in the middle of the traction oil passage, a part of the traction oil sent from the traction oil supply pump is introduced in advance during normal running, and when the appropriate traction hydraulic pressure is cultivated, the accumulator The valve which can be opened and closed provided at the discharge port is closed. For this reason, even after the engine or the like is stopped, the accumulator maintains a stock pressure state having a high traction hydraulic pressure for a long period of time. When the operation of the ignition switch is detected by the sensor when the engine or the like is started next time, the hydraulic pressure developed in the accumulator is immediately released by opening the accumulator discharge valve. The traction oil delivered from the accumulator discharge port by the self pressure is supplied to the periphery of the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism to form an oil film. Therefore, when the output shaft of the engine or the like starts rotating, the metal surfaces of the members of the toroidal transmission mechanism are not directly rubbed. In this configuration example as well, the certainty of oil film formation may be improved by causing a delay time of about several seconds from the opening of the discharge port valve to the power supply to the cell motor.
[0016]
In a configuration example using a cylinder held in a compressed state as oil delivery means, a cylinder chamber 1 containing an elastic body 3 such as a spring and a piston 2 as shown in FIG. 1 is provided near the traction surface of a toroidal transmission mechanism. The piston 2 is fitted into a cylinder chamber 1 that accumulates traction oil, and an elastic body 3 such as a spring is disposed between the back surface of the piston 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder chamber 1 so as to be extendable and contractible. A thread 50 is formed at the end of the piston shaft 5 extending outwardly from the through hole 4 formed in the cylinder chamber 1. The thread 50 is screwed with the feed screw mechanism 6. A screw feed gear 8 is coupled via the clutch 7. Since this screw feed gear 8 meshes with a drive gear 10 that is drivingly coupled to the output shaft of the motor 9, by controlling the electric power supplied to the motor 9, the piston shaft 5 of the feed screw mechanism 6 is controlled. The feeding amount can be adjusted. In addition, a jaw portion 51 that engages with a stopper 12 that is driven in the vertical direction by a solenoid 11 protrudes from an intermediate portion of the piston shaft 5.
[0017]
The motor 9 is driven using surplus power during normal travel. When the feed screw mechanism 6 operates in accordance with the rotation of the drive gear 10, the piston shaft 5 that receives the thrust from the screw thread 50 is pushed toward the cylinder chamber 1 and compresses the elastic body 3 such as a spring. Since the cylinder chamber 1 is connected to an oil passage for traction oil via an inlet / outlet formed in the side wall, when the piston shaft 5 is pushed in and the volume of the cylinder chamber 1 increases, the traction oil is moved into the cylinder chamber 1. Flows into. When the feeding of the piston shaft 5 reaches a predetermined amount, the solenoid 11 is energized to push down the stopper 12 and engage with the jaw portion 51 of the piston shaft 5 so that the elastic body 3 such as a spring is preliminarily provided during normal traveling. The compression state can be created. Since this compressed state is not lost even after the engine or the like is stopped, the cylinder maintains a high power output based on the repulsive force of the elastic body 3 such as a spring for a long period of time.
[0018]
When the operation of the ignition switch is detected by the sensor at the next start of the engine or the like, the solenoid 11 is energized and the stopper 12 is pulled up to immediately release the cylinder feed output. Traction oil discharged from the inlet / outlet of the cylinder chamber 1 whose volume is rapidly reduced by the movement of the piston 2 that receives the repulsive force of the elastic body 3 such as a spring is distributed around the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism and the peripheral surface of the power roller. Supplied to form an oil film. Note that when the piston 2 that has received a repulsive force from the elastic body 3 such as a spring is pushed out of the cylinder chamber 1 to reduce the volume of the cylinder chamber 1, the feed screw mechanism 6 is idled by the action of the one-way clutch 7. The screw feed gear 8 and the motor 9 do not hinder the movement of the piston shaft 2 along the axial direction.
[0019]
In the case of a traction oil supply device of a type incorporated in a toroidal continuously variable transmission where the starting mechanism is disposed between the prime mover and the toroidal type transmission mechanism, when the toroidal type transmission mechanism is rotated while the prime mover is stopped In order to prevent damage to the surface of each member, traction oil is continuously supplied to the vicinity of the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism while the drive wheel is rotating. Therefore, in this type of traction oil supply device, an oil delivery means is required for constantly delivering a predetermined amount of traction oil. As the oil delivery means, an electric pump or a mechanical pump can be used.
[0020]
In the configuration example using the electric pump as the oil delivery means, a rotation sensor is connected to the drive wheel or the drive shaft, and a pressure feed pump driven by a motor is disposed near the traction surface of the toroidal transmission mechanism. When the rotation sensor detects that the drive wheels have started to rotate while the engine is stopped, such as when the vehicle is being pulled, the amount required for oil film formation by energizing the motor and operating the pressure feed pump The traction oil is sent around the traction surface. The power supply to the motor that operates the pressure feed pump is continuously performed while the toroidal transmission mechanism is rotating, and is stopped only when the rotation sensor detects that the driving wheel is stationary for a predetermined time or longer.
[0021]
In the configuration example in which a mechanical pump is used as the oil delivery means, a power extraction unit is disposed between the drive train starting mechanism and the drive wheels. The power extraction unit extracts a part of the rotational force input from the drive wheel and transmits it to the mechanical pump. When the vehicle travels by force applied from the outside during towing, the drive wheels are rotated with the engine stopped, etc., so the driving force automatically distributed by the power extraction unit operates the mechanical pump. Thus, an amount of traction oil necessary for forming an oil film is delivered to the periphery of the traction surface. In this configuration example, since the mechanical pump automatically starts operating according to the rotation of the driving wheel that receives the frictional force from the road surface, the traction oil is continuously sent out unless the driving wheel stops rotating. In addition, as a mechanical pump used here, a suitable thing can be selected from various operation types, such as a small capacity trochoid pump.
[0022]
In the traction oil supply device of the type incorporated in the toroidal type continuously variable transmission in which the starting mechanism is disposed between the prime mover and the toroidal type transmission mechanism, detection for determining whether the engine or the like is stopped Part is required. As the detection unit, in addition to the method of monitoring the current value and voltage value of the ignition system, a signal input from a sensor connected to the ignition switch, a gear position sensor, a crank angle sensor, or the like can be used.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the traction oil supply device of the toroidal continuously variable transmission of the present invention, the traction surfaces of the input disk and the output disk and the peripheral surface of the power roller are in direct contact with each other without an oil film interposed therebetween. In this case, the traction oil can be supplied around the contact point before each part of the toroidal transmission mechanism actually starts rotating, so that the metals are directly rubbed without an oil film. Nothing will happen. As a result, the occurrence of damage on the member surface is prevented, and the durability of the entire toroidal type continuously variable transmission can be greatly improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a traction oil supply device for a toroidal type continuously variable transmission according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder chamber 2 Piston 3 Elastic body 4 Through-hole 5 Piston shaft 6 Feed screw mechanism 7 One-way clutch 8 Screw feed gear 9 Motor 10 Drive gear 11 Solenoid 12 Stopper 50 Screw thread 51 Jaw

Claims (2)

Traction oil delivery means for pumping traction oil to the traction surface of the toroidal type transmission mechanism, and a start mechanism for switching between torque interruption at start and stop, arranged between the toroidal type transmission mechanism and the drive wheel Embedded in a toroidal continuously variable transmission having
The traction oil delivery means includes a cylinder chamber for accumulating the traction oil, a piston fitted in the cylinder chamber, an elastic body disposed between a back surface of the piston and an inner wall of the cylinder chamber, and one end The piston shaft is attached to the front side of the piston, and the other end is connected to the other end of the piston shaft, and the elastic body is connected to the other end of the piston shaft. A piston pressing mechanism that propels the piston shaft in a compressing direction, and a solenoid that engages a stopper with a jaw portion formed in an intermediate portion of the piston shaft,
When the propulsion amount of the piston shaft reaches a predetermined amount, the solenoid is energized and the stopper is engaged with the jaw portion of the piston shaft to create a compressed state of the elastic body in advance during normal travel. Live and
When the prime mover is started, the solenoid is energized to release the engagement between the stopper and the jaw portion of the piston shaft, so that the output shaft of the prime mover actually starts rotating before A traction oil supply device for a toroidal continuously variable transmission that supplies traction oil to the traction surface of a toroidal transmission mechanism. Traction oil delivery means for pumping traction oil to the traction surface of the toroidal type transmission mechanism, and arranged between the output shaft of the prime mover and the toroidal type transmission mechanism for switching between torque interruption at start and stop Incorporated in a toroidal continuously variable transmission having a starting mechanism,
The traction oil delivery means includes a cylinder chamber for accumulating the traction oil, a piston fitted in the cylinder chamber, an elastic body disposed between a back surface of the piston and an inner wall of the cylinder chamber, and one end The piston shaft is attached to the front side of the piston, and the other end is connected to the other end of the piston shaft, and the elastic body is connected to the other end of the piston shaft. A piston pressing mechanism that propels the piston shaft in a compressing direction, and a solenoid that engages a stopper with a jaw portion formed in an intermediate portion of the piston shaft,
When the propulsion amount of the piston shaft reaches a predetermined amount, the solenoid is energized and the stopper is engaged with the jaw portion of the piston shaft to create a compressed state of the elastic body in advance during normal travel. Live and
When the driving wheel is rotated from the outside in a state where the prime mover is stopped, the traction of the toroidal transmission mechanism is released by energizing the solenoid and releasing the engagement between the stopper and the jaw portion of the piston shaft. Traction oil supply device for toroidal continuously variable transmission that supplies traction oil to the surface.

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