JP4090172B2 - Method for producing impervious soil material with deformation followability to load - Google Patents
Method for producing impervious soil material with deformation followability to load Download PDFInfo
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- JP4090172B2 JP4090172B2 JP2000000647A JP2000000647A JP4090172B2 JP 4090172 B2 JP4090172 B2 JP 4090172B2 JP 2000000647 A JP2000000647 A JP 2000000647A JP 2000000647 A JP2000000647 A JP 2000000647A JP 4090172 B2 JP4090172 B2 JP 4090172B2
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- Prior art keywords
- mud
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- water
- soil material
- deformation followability
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000283014 Dama Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000057 Mannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- JNSGIVNNHKGGRU-JYRVWZFOSA-N diethoxyphosphinothioyl (2z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetate Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC(=O)C(=N/OC)\C1=CSC(N)=N1 JNSGIVNNHKGGRU-JYRVWZFOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004583 superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、粒径74μm以下の含水微粒子が主体である浚渫底泥などの泥液を、廃棄物処分場の遮水土質材料（透水係数＝10− 5〜10− 6cm／sec程度以下）として再資源化するための製法技術に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
廃棄物処分場は広大な面積を埋め立てるために、そこに用いられる遮水土質材料は偏荷重をうけやすく、セメントを混合して泥液を固化処理した材料のような剛性の高いものでは、偏荷重せん断力に起因したクラックなどの発生による遮水性能の劣化が懸念される。特に、立地現地盤に軟弱層が多い廃棄物水面処分場の場合には偏荷重に対する不同沈下が避けられない。
【０００３】
したがって、そうした場所に適した、ある程度の強度は有しながらも偏荷重に対する変形追随性のある（初期にはゼリーのように流動性を保有し、徐々に粘土のように変形追随性を確保しながらもある程度の強度を発現する）不透水土質材料の人工的な製法が求められていた。
【０００４】
従来における含水微粒子の再資源化技術には、乾燥・脱水・良質土混合などの物理的技術やセメントや石灰などによる固化などの化学的技術および高吸水性ポリマー添加による造粒などの物理・化学的技術がある。しかしながら、これらはいずれも泥状含水微粒子を粒状に改質して再利用しようとするものがほとんどで、製品の不透水性能は期待できない。セメントによる固化は不透水性能が期待できるが、製品の剛性が高く、荷重に対する変形追随性は全く期待できない。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
廃棄物処分場の山間立地は周辺住民の反対によって非常に困難な状況に立ち至っており、今後の方向性の１つとして、水面立地の可能性が示唆されている。従来、廃棄物水面処分場は沖積粘性土層の地盤上に建設されてきた。これは、ある程度の強度は有しながらも偏荷重に対する変形追随性のある不透水土質材料が開発されていなかったために、条件を満足する自然の沖積粘性土地盤上に処分場の立地を限定せざるをえなかった結果ともみられる。
【０００６】
今後ニーズの増加すると思われる水面処分場の候補地が沖積粘性土層の地盤上に限定されると、全国的にみても残された地点はそれほど多くはないし、廃棄物の発生地から遠隔な地点に立地せざるをえないという場合も考えられる。
【０００７】
水面埋立処分場に適した不透水土質材料が開発されれば、今まで立地不適とされてきた砂質地盤などの透水地盤をこの材料に置き換えることによって、立地の適地に変えることができる。本発明は、これらの課題を解決すべくなされたものであって、荷重に対する変形追随性のある不透水性土質材料の製造方法を提供することを目的としている。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の不透水性土質材料の製造方法は、含水比が100％以上である浚渫底泥などの泥液に、該泥液をゲル化させるための高吸水性ポリマー（例えば、マンナン、ガラクトースなどの天然系多糖類ポリマーなど）とゲル化後の初期支持力の発現に必要な材料とを添加し、均質に攪拌・混合させることを特徴とする。
【０００９】
ここで、使用する浚渫底泥などの泥液の含水比が100％に満たない場合は、前処理として水を添加し、含水比が100％以上となるように水分調整する。泥液としては、含有される土粒子のほとんどが粒径74μm以下の細粒分となるように分級されたものを原料として用いてもよい。また、製品である土質材料の水中における流動性を高める目的で、鉱滓又は鉄鋼スラグを粉砕した微粉末を混入して湿潤密度を上げた泥液を原料として用いてもよい。
【００１０】
泥液がゲル化した後の初期支持力の発現に必要な材料としては、樹皮・木材・パルプ・綿・グラスファイバーから選択される１種以上の材料を微粉砕して繊維状にしたもの、樹脂、セメント若しくはこれに代替する硬化剤又はこれらの混合物を使用する。混合物とする場合、繊維状物、樹脂、セメント等の硬化剤のうち２種を選択してもよいし、全部を選択してもよい。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
浚渫底泥などの泥液は脱水・圧密すれば、それ自体で廃棄物処分場に要求される遮水性（透水係数＝10− 5〜10− 6cm／sec程度以下）を満足しうる場合が多い。透水係数が大きく、それ自体では遮水土質材料としての条件を満足しない場合には、含有される土粒子のほとんどが粒径74μm以下の細粒分となるように分級した後の泥液を原料として用いる。
【００１２】
製品としての土質材料は水中では浮力を受けるため、気中よりも格段にその流動性が阻害される。水中における材料の流動性を保つためには、材料の湿潤密度を上げてやればよい。したがって、水中施工時の流動性を特に要求される場合には、鉱滓や鉄鋼スラグを粉砕した微粉末を混入した泥液を原料として用いる。
【００１３】
要求される土質材料の性質は不透水性能を確保しながら、初期には流動性を保有し、徐々に変形追随性を保ちつつ、ある程度の強度を発現することである。これらの性質は全て主に泥液に含まれる水分量に依存して変化する。材料の流動性は水分量が多いほど高いが、ゲル化に必要な高吸水性ポリマー量が増加するとともにゲル化後の初期支持力の発現に必要な材料の所要量も増加する。水分量が少なければ、高吸水性ポリマーおよびゲル化後の初期支持力の発現に必要な材料の所要量は減少するが、材料の流動性が落ちる。
【００１４】
本発明者が試験した範囲では、泥液の含水比が100％未満の含水状態になると、泥液と高吸水性ポリマーなどの添加資材を一様な状態に攪拌・混合することが非常に困難になる。泥液と高吸水性ポリマーが一様な状態に混合されないと、いわゆる「だま」の状態になり、泥液中に部分的な団粒化が生じ、製品の不透水性が著しく阻害される。さらに高吸水性ポリマーを添加し続けると、泥液全体が団粒化して土壌と同等の状態になってしまう。本発明において、含水比を100％以上になるように水分調整する前処理を行うのは、このような状態を避けるためである。
【００１５】
ゲル化後の初期支持力の発現に必要な材料としては、樹皮・木材・パルプ・綿・グラスファイバーから選択される１種以上の材料を微粉砕して繊維状にしたもの、樹脂、セメント若しくはこれに代替する硬化剤又はこれらの混合物を使用するが、各々の材料に特徴があるので、製品である不透水性土質材料の使用条件や工費によって、添加材料を選定あるいは組み合わせる必要がある。
【００１６】
木材・パルプ・綿・グラスファイバーを微粉砕して繊維状にしたものを添加した製品は、荷重に対する変形追随性に優れているが、大きな粘着力を期待することはできない。樹脂を添加した製品は大きな粘着力が期待でき、かつ荷重に対する変形追随性もまずまずの性状を示すが、樹脂のコストが高いのが難点である。セメントないしはこれに代替する硬化剤は固化が目的でなく、粘着力の増大と高吸水性ポリマーの使用量の削減を目的として使用する。本発明者が試験した範囲では、最大でも30kg／m3を越えない添加量で十分望ましい性状を示した。
【００１７】
泥液に対する高吸水性ポリマーの添加量は、泥液の水分量によって変化させなければならない。本発明者が試験した範囲では、含水比が250〜300％の泥液の場合で1.5〜2.5 kg／m3程度、150〜200％の泥液の場合で0.9〜1.5kg／m3程度、100〜150％の泥液の場合で0.6〜1.0kg／m3程度の添加量で望ましい性状を示した。
【００１８】
材料となる泥液の含水状態は、その存在場所および発生起源ごとに様々で、示す性状も異なる。したがって、要求される性質を示す土質材料に改質するために必要な高吸水性ポリマーやゲル化後の初期支持力の発現に必要な材料は、現地の泥液を使用した現場試験により、その配合を決定する。
【００１９】
【発明の効果】
上記のように、本発明によれば、粒径74μm以下の含水微粒子が主体である浚渫底泥などの泥液を、廃棄物処分場の遮水土質材料（透水係数＝10− 5〜10− 6cm／sec程度以下）として再資源化できる。製品は初期には流動性を保有し、徐々に変形追随性を保ちつつ、ある程度の強度を発現する性質を有するので、特に立地地盤の軟弱層に起因する不同沈下が避けられない廃棄物水面処分場の遮水材料に適する。この材料で砂質地盤などの透水地盤の置き換えを行うことにより、今まで立地不適とされてきた透水地盤も廃棄物水面処分場の立地の適地に変えることができるという大きな利益がある。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, mud fluid such as dredging sediment particle size 74μm or less of water particles is mainly waste disposal site for the water-impervious soil material (permeability = 10 - 5 -10 - than approximately 6 cm / sec) It relates to manufacturing technology for recycling.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Since the waste disposal site fills a large area, the impermeable soil material used in the waste disposal site is subject to unbalanced loads.For materials with high rigidity such as cement mixed with mud liquid, There is concern about the deterioration of the water shielding performance due to the occurrence of cracks and the like due to the load shear force. In particular, in the case of a wastewater disposal site with many soft layers in the local site, uneven settlement due to unbalanced load is inevitable.
[0003]
Therefore, it has a certain degree of strength suitable for such a place, but has a deformation followability against an uneven load (initially possesses fluidity like jelly and gradually secures deformation followability like clay. However, there has been a demand for an artificial manufacturing method for impervious soil materials that exhibit a certain level of strength.
[0004]
Conventional technologies for recycling water-containing fine particles include physical technologies such as drying, dehydration, and high-quality soil mixing, chemical technologies such as solidification with cement and lime, and physical and chemical methods such as granulation with the addition of superabsorbent polymers. Technology. However, most of these are those which are intended to be reused by modifying the mud-like water-containing fine particles into granular form, and the impervious performance of the product cannot be expected. Solidification with cement can be expected to have impervious performance, but the rigidity of the product is high, and deformation followability to the load cannot be expected at all.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The mountainous location of the waste disposal site has reached a very difficult situation due to opposition from the surrounding residents, and the possibility of a water surface location is suggested as one of the future directions. Conventionally, waste water surface disposal sites have been constructed on the ground of alluvial clay soil. This is because the impervious soil material that has a certain degree of strength but has the ability to follow the uneven load has not been developed, so the location of the disposal site is limited to the natural alluvial clay that satisfies the conditions. This is also a result of unavoidable consequences.
[0006]
When candidate sites for water surface disposal sites that are expected to increase in the future are limited to the alluvial cohesive soil ground, there are not many sites left nationwide, and remote from the site of waste generation. There may be a case where it is necessary to be located at a point.
[0007]
If an impermeable soil material suitable for a water surface landfill site is developed, it can be changed to a suitable site by replacing the permeable ground such as sandy ground, which has been regarded as unsuitable until now, with this material. The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a water-impermeable soil material that is capable of following deformation with respect to a load.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The method for producing a water-impermeable soil material of the present invention comprises a superabsorbent polymer (eg, mannan, galactose, etc.) for gelling the mud liquid into a mud liquid such as dredged bottom mud having a water content ratio of 100% or more. Natural polysaccharide polymers, etc.) and a material necessary for the expression of initial supporting force after gelation are added, and the mixture is uniformly stirred and mixed.
[0009]
Here, when the water content of the mud liquid such as dredged mud used is less than 100%, water is added as a pretreatment, and the water content is adjusted so that the water content is 100% or more. As the mud, a material classified so that most of the contained soil particles are fine particles having a particle size of 74 μm or less may be used as a raw material. Further, for the purpose of enhancing the fluidity of the soil material as a product in water, mud liquid obtained by mixing fine powder obtained by pulverizing slag or steel slag and increasing the wet density may be used as a raw material.
[0010]
As materials necessary for the expression of the initial bearing capacity after the mud has gelled, one or more materials selected from bark, wood, pulp, cotton, and glass fiber are finely pulverized into fibers, Resin, cement, or an alternative curing agent or a mixture thereof is used. When setting it as a mixture, 2 types may be selected from hardening agents, such as a fibrous material, resin, and cement, and all may be selected.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
If mud fluid dehydration and consolidation, such as dredging mud, water shielding required for the waste disposal site itself if capable of satisfactory (the permeability = 10 - than approximately 6 cm / sec - 5 ~10) Many. If the water permeability coefficient is large and does not satisfy the conditions as a water-impervious soil material by itself, the mud liquid after classification is made so that most of the contained soil particles are fine particles with a particle size of 74 μm or less. Used as
[0012]
Since the soil material as a product receives buoyancy in water, its fluidity is significantly inhibited than in the air. In order to maintain the fluidity of the material in water, the wet density of the material may be increased. Therefore, when fluidity at the time of underwater construction is particularly required, a mud mixed with fine powder obtained by pulverizing iron ore and steel slag is used as a raw material.
[0013]
The required properties of the soil material are to maintain a water impermeability, retain fluidity in the initial stage, and develop a certain degree of strength while gradually maintaining deformation followability. All of these properties vary mainly depending on the amount of water contained in the mud. The fluidity of the material is higher as the water content is higher, but the amount of the superabsorbent polymer necessary for gelation increases and the required amount of material necessary for the expression of the initial bearing force after gelation also increases. If the amount of water is small, the required amount of the superabsorbent polymer and the material necessary for developing the initial bearing force after gelation is reduced, but the fluidity of the material is lowered.
[0014]
In the range tested by the present inventors, when the water content of the mud becomes less than 100%, it is very difficult to stir and mix the mud and the additive material such as a superabsorbent polymer in a uniform state. become. If the mud and the superabsorbent polymer are not mixed in a uniform state, a so-called “dama” state occurs, and partial agglomeration occurs in the mud, which impairs the impermeability of the product. Furthermore, if the superabsorbent polymer is continuously added, the entire mud liquid aggregates and becomes in a state equivalent to soil. In the present invention, the pretreatment for adjusting the water content so that the water content is 100% or more is performed in order to avoid such a state.
[0015]
As materials necessary for the expression of the initial bearing capacity after gelation, one or more materials selected from bark, wood, pulp, cotton, and glass fiber are finely pulverized into fibers, resin, cement, or Alternative hardeners or mixtures thereof are used, but each material has its characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to select or combine additive materials depending on the use conditions and construction cost of the impermeable soil material as the product.
[0016]
A product obtained by adding finely pulverized wood, pulp, cotton, or glass fiber is excellent in deformation followability to a load, but cannot be expected to have a large adhesive force. A product to which a resin has been added can be expected to have a large adhesive force, and the deformation following property with respect to the load is also satisfactory. However, the cost of the resin is high. Cement or a hardener that replaces it is not intended for solidification, but is used for the purpose of increasing the adhesive strength and reducing the amount of superabsorbent polymer used. In the range tested by the present inventor, the desired amount was sufficiently exhibited at an addition amount not exceeding 30 kg / m 3 at the maximum.
[0017]
The amount of the superabsorbent polymer added to the mud must be changed according to the amount of water in the mud. In the scope of the present inventors have tested, the water content ratio is 1.5 to 2.5 kg / m 3 approximately in case 250-300 percent mud fluid, 0.9~1.5kg / m 3 approximately in the case 150 to 200% of the mud fluid, In the case of 100-150% mud, desirable properties were shown with an addition amount of about 0.6-1.0 kg / m 3 .
[0018]
The water content of the mud that is the material varies depending on the location and origin of the mud, and the properties shown are also different. Therefore, the superabsorbent polymer necessary for modification to the soil material exhibiting the required properties and the material necessary for the expression of the initial bearing force after gelation are determined by field tests using local mud. Determine the recipe.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the mud fluid such as dredging sediment particle size 74μm or less of water particles is mainly waste disposal site for the water-impervious soil material (permeability = 10 - 5 -10 - 6 cm / sec or less). Since the product initially has fluidity and has the property of developing a certain degree of strength while maintaining the ability to follow deformation gradually, waste water surface disposal is inevitable, especially due to uneven settlement due to the soft layer of the site ground Suitable for water shielding material of the field. By replacing the permeable ground such as sandy ground with this material, there is a great benefit that the permeable ground that has been considered unsuitable until now can be changed to an appropriate place for the location of the waste water surface disposal site.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000000647A JP4090172B2 (en) | 2000-01-06 | 2000-01-06 | Method for producing impervious soil material with deformation followability to load |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000000647A JP4090172B2 (en) | 2000-01-06 | 2000-01-06 | Method for producing impervious soil material with deformation followability to load |
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| JP2001192656A JP2001192656A (en) | 2001-07-17 |
| JP4090172B2 true JP4090172B2 (en) | 2008-05-28 |
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| JP2005074390A (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-24 | Yuushin Denki Kk | Sludge ceramic carrier and its production method |
| JP4705491B2 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2011-06-22 | 五洋建設株式会社 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing lightweight soil |
| JP5318013B2 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2013-10-16 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | How to improve dredged soil |
| JP6411202B2 (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2018-10-24 | 五洋建設株式会社 | Impermeable material |
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