JP4083706B2 - Surgical sheets - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a surgical sheet.

  Disposable sheets with water absorption and waterproof properties are already known, and they can be discarded immediately when they become dirty, and materials using water-absorbing nonwoven fabrics or water-absorbing resins are also proposed for medical applications. Has been.

  Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a nonwoven fabric laminate formed from a water-absorbing nonwoven fabric layer and a polyolefin nonwoven fabric layer or a polyolefin film layer, which is suitable as a medical material. Patent Document 3 discloses a blood absorbing sheet using a water absorbent resin containing a polyamino acid or a salt thereof. Patent Document 4 discloses a water-absorbing sheet in which a granular water-absorbing agent is disposed between at least two translucent nonwoven fabrics, and a medical mat obtained by cutting the sheet into a desired size and shape. Yes.

On the other hand, an absorbent resin is also used for sanitary goods and toilet sheets. Patent Document 5 discloses a water-absorbing article using a water-absorbing resin showing a specific water absorption amount under pressure between a liquid-permeable top sheet and a liquid-impermeable back sheet. Patent Document 6 discloses a liquid absorbent sheet provided with an absorption layer to which an odor absorbing material is added. Patent Document 7 discloses an absorbent article having specific physical properties in which an absorber is disposed between a liquid-permeable top sheet and a liquid-impermeable back sheet. Further, Patent Document 8 includes a water-permeable nonwoven fabric layer portion, a water-impermeable membrane portion, a first paper layer portion, a water-absorbent layer portion, and a sanitary structure in which a tea extraction residual waste liquid is contained in the nonwoven fabric layer portion. Sheets are disclosed.
JP 2003-27360 A JP 2003-39612 A JP 2002-263132 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-227085 JP 2003-192732 A JP 2002-78738 A JP 2000-93454 A JP 2000-70097 A

  However, among the sheets for medical use, in addition to being excellent in liquid absorbability, surgical sheets prevent contamination of the bed or floor by body fluids such as blood, disinfectant, and cleaning fluid during surgery, It is desired to prevent rough skin due to prolonged contact between these liquids and the user (patient). In this regard, the techniques of Patent Documents 1 to 8 do not disclose a configuration suitable for a surgical sheet.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a surgical sheet that is excellent in liquid absorbability and cushioning properties such as body fluids such as blood, disinfecting solution, and cleaning solution.

The present invention relates to a surgical sheet comprising at least cellulose fibers and a water-absorbing polymer as constituent materials, wherein the cellulose fibers have a basis weight of 150 to 350 g / m ² , and the water-absorbing polymer has a basis weight of 30 to 50 g / m ^2. relates to surgical sheets of m ² .

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the operation sheet | seat excellent in liquid absorbability and cushioning properties, such as body fluids, such as blood, disinfection liquid, and a washing | cleaning liquid, is obtained.

Cellulose fibers used in the surgical sheets of the present invention include pulp, cotton, hemp, rayon, lyocell, etc., and pulp is preferred from the viewpoints of cost, water absorption, and cushioning properties. From the viewpoint of absorption and thickness, the pulp amount per unit area (1 m ² ) in the surgical sheet of the present invention is preferably 150 to 350 g (basis weight 150 to 350 g / m ² ), and more preferably 180 to 320 g (tsubo). Amount 180-320 g / m ² ), in particular 200-280 g (basis weight 200-280 g / m ² ) is preferred. From the viewpoint of production cost, the water absorption of the cellulose fiber is preferably 3 to 20 g water / g, more preferably 4 to 16 g water / g, and particularly preferably 5 to 10 g water / g. In addition, this water absorption is measured by using a layered cellulose fiber (without heat sealing) in place of the measurement sample in the method for measuring the water absorption of Examples described later.

In addition, examples of the water-absorbing polymer used in the surgical sheet of the present invention include polyacrylate cross-linked products, carboxymethyl cellulose derivative cross-linked products, and polyethylene oxide cross-linked products. Acrylate cross-linked products are preferred. From the viewpoint of liquid returnability, cost, and processability, the amount of the water-absorbing polymer per unit area (1 m ² ) in the surgical sheet of the present invention is preferably 28 to 54 g (basis weight 28 to 54 g / m ² ), 32 to 48 g (basis weight 32 to 48 g / m ² ), particularly 34 to 45 g (basis weight 34 to 45 g / m ² ) is preferable. From the viewpoint of production cost, the water absorption amount of the water absorbing polymer is preferably 30 to 200 g water / g, more preferably 40 to 180 g water / g, and particularly preferably 50 to 150 g water / g. The shape of the water-absorbing polymer may be any of powder, granule, granule, scale, lump, bead, fiber, and indefinite shape.

  When performing surgery or the like, it is preferable that the water-absorbing polymer is not scattered. Therefore, in the surgical sheet of the present invention, it is preferable that the water-absorbing polymer is supported on or mixed with the cellulose fiber, and is fixed, and the water-absorbing polymer is fixed to the cellulose fiber layer from the viewpoint of keeping the dispersion state of the cellulose fiber constant. In particular, it is preferable that a water-absorbing polymer is present between the two cellulose fiber layers. Such a composite of water-absorbing polymer and cellulose fiber can form a liquid absorption layer.

  The surgical sheet of the present invention preferably has a member for conjugating the cellulose fiber and the water-absorbing polymer (hereinafter referred to as a conjugating member). This conjugating member is a means for surrounding and maintaining the cellulose fiber and the water-absorbing polymer integrally. The material of the conjugating member may be anything as long as it has liquid permeability, hydrophilicity, such as paper, non-woven fabric, woven fabric, knitting, etc., and is fine enough to prevent the material used in the liquid absorbing layer from leaking, Paper is preferable in terms of processability and cost. By disposing the layer containing the cellulose fiber and the water-absorbing polymer so as to wrap, the material of the liquid absorption layer is hardly leaked. Such a conjugating member may be composed of one member or a plurality of members.

  The surgical sheet of the present invention preferably has a liquid permeable member on the surface in contact with the user (operation subject). The liquid permeable member may be anything as long as it has hydrophilicity, such as paper, nonwoven fabric, woven fabric, and knitted fabric. However, the nonwoven fabric is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of manufacturing a surgical sheet and cost. Nonwoven fabrics include spunlace nonwoven fabrics, spunbond nonwoven fabrics, suction nonwoven fabrics, thermal bond nonwoven fabrics, melt blown nonwoven fabrics, etc., and hydrophilically treated PP (polypropylene) spunbond nonwoven fabrics are preferred from the standpoint of strength. A PP (polypropylene) thermal bond nonwoven fabric is also preferable.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the surgical sheet of this invention has a liquid-impermeable member in the surface opposite to the side which contacts a user (operation subject). The liquid-impermeable member may be anything that does not allow water to pass through, such as plastic, rubber, metal, etc. However, in terms of ease of manufacturing surgical sheets, the shape is preferably a film, and further safety From the viewpoint of cost and the like, a polyethylene film is preferable. The liquid impervious member functions to impede liquid such as water and moisture. As a method for producing such a liquid-impermeable member, a non-stretching method (a method in which a thinly eluted film is cooled and formed as it is) and a stretching method (a cooling method in which the eluted film is stretched in the vertical or vertical and horizontal directions). Method). A film obtained by molding a polyethylene resin by a non-stretching method is preferable from the viewpoint of texture, simplicity of production, cost, and the like.

  The liquid impermeable member and the liquid permeable member are disposed on different surfaces, respectively, and the liquid is absorbed from the surface where the liquid permeable member is disposed, and the liquid impermeable member prevents the liquid from exuding. In the case of having a liquid impermeable member and a liquid permeable member, even if the end of the liquid impermeable member is not wound around the liquid permeable member, the end of the liquid impermeable member is the liquid permeable member. Any structure may be used. A structure in which the end of the liquid impermeable member is wound around the liquid permeable member is preferable in that the leakage of liquid from the sheet side portion can be reduced. Moreover, it is preferable at the point which can exhibit a water absorption function to the edge of the surgical sheet | seat as it is the structure where the edge part of a liquid impermeable member is not wound in the liquid permeable member.

  The surgical sheet of the present invention preferably has an overall thickness of 2.5 to 7 mm, more preferably 3 to 6 mm, particularly from the viewpoint of appropriate cushioning properties, high absorption performance, and fixation of the user. 3.2 to 5.5 mm is preferable. Further, the thickness of the liquid absorption layer composed of the water-absorbing polymer and cellulose fiber is preferably 1.5 to 6 mm, more preferably 2 to 5 mm, and particularly preferably 2.2 to 4.5 mm. In addition, it is preferable to select the thicknesses of the conjugating member, the liquid permeable member, and the liquid impermeable member so that the entire thickness falls within the above range. In addition, these thickness says what was measured by the method described in the below-mentioned Example.

  The surgical sheet of the present invention preferably has a thickness variation of 1 to 4 mm, particularly 1.2 to 3.5 mm, from the viewpoint of moderate cushioning properties, high absorption performance, and fixation of the user. Furthermore, 1.5 mm-3 mm are preferable. In addition, this thickness change amount says what was measured by the method described in the below-mentioned Example.

  The amount of change in thickness is an index representing the hardness of a surgical sheet. When the amount of change in thickness is small, the sheet tends to be hard, whereas when the amount of change in thickness is large, the sheet tends to be soft. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the amount of change in thickness in consideration of the hardness of the sheet, cushioning properties, prevention of shaking, ease of fixing the human body, and the like. The amount of change is preferably in the above range.

  The surgical sheet of the present invention may be sized to cover the entire operating table, for example, or may be sized to cover half of it in consideration of cost. Smaller size for the purpose of absorbing the disinfecting solution used by the user at an early stage, that is, preventing the dripping or wrapping of the solution and reducing the contact time and contact area between the user and the disinfecting solution. The surgical sheet may be used to fill a gap in the user's body. In the case of usage to fill the gap, in addition to this effect, the effect of fixing the posture of the user can also be obtained. By appropriately combining the above-described surgical sheets of the respective sizes, the disinfectant solution and the like can be more effectively absorbed.

From the viewpoint of practical use sufficient liquid absorption and cost, water absorption of the surgical sheets of the present invention is preferably from 50 to 80 g / 100 cm ^2, more 54~76g / 100cm ^2, in particular 58g~74g / 100cm ² is preferred. In addition, this water absorption means what was measured by the method described in the below-mentioned Example.

  In view of the effect of preventing rough skin of the patient and the cost, the amount of the saline solution returned from the surgical sheet of the present invention is preferably 0.2 to 2 g, more preferably 0.3 to 1.4 g, particularly 0.4 to. 1 g is preferred. In addition, this physiological saline solution return amount means what was measured by the method described in the below-mentioned Example.

  From the viewpoint of the burden on the skin to the user and the maintenance of the absorption performance of the surgical sheet, it is preferable that the sheet is not twisted. In the surgical sheet of the present invention, by appropriately selecting the amount of cellulose fiber, the amount of water-absorbing polymer, and the thickness, it is possible to prevent kinking while using the surgical sheet. Shaking refers to the lateral displacement between the components that occurs when the user is moved, etc., and if the warping occurs, the absorption performance of the surgical sheet becomes uneven or the surface of the surgical sheet is wrinkled. This may press the skin of the user and cause blood circulation problems.

  FIG. 1A is a schematic plan view of a surgical sheet according to the present invention. As an example, in a large-sized sheet, A in FIG. 1A is 600 mm, B is 900 mm, C is 550 mm, and D is 850 mm. Can be mentioned. Moreover, in a small thing, A is 600 mm, B is 900 mm, C is 550 mm, D is 850 mm. The C × D region (within the dotted line) is a region where cellulose fibers are present, and further, a water-absorbing polymer is present in the region.

  1 (b) and 1 (c) are cross-sectional schematic views of A in FIG. 1 (a). In FIG. 1 (b), the liquid-permeable member 1 and PE made of PP (polypropylene) thermal bond nonwoven fabric are used. The liquid impervious member 2 made of a (polyethylene) film is disposed on a different surface, and the end of the liquid impermeable member 2 is not caught in the liquid permeable member 1. On the other hand, in FIG. 1C, the end of the liquid impermeable member 2 is wound around the liquid permeable member 1. In any of the sheets, the water-absorbing polymer 5 such as polyacrylate is sandwiched between cellulose fiber layers 4 and 4 'made of pulp to form an integral liquid absorbing layer. This liquid absorption layer is surrounded and held integrally by the conjugating members 3, 3 'made of crepe paper (tissue paper). In this sheet, the total thickness is 2.5 to 7 mm. Although not shown, it is preferable to fix the hot melt adhesive between the constituent materials by curtain spraying or beading.

  In order to make it difficult for the cellulose fibers and the water-absorbing polymer to leak to the outside, a plurality of conjugating members or the liquid permeable member and the liquid impermeable member are bonded with a hot melt adhesive. The material of the hot melt adhesive includes synthetic rubber, polyurethane, and polyolefin, but synthetic rubber is preferable from the viewpoint of suitability for production machines and cost. The liquid permeable member is integrated with the sheet by applying a hot melt adhesive to the entire surface of the liquid permeable member on the liquid impermeable member side, and adhering not only the liquid impermeable member but also the conjugating member. The occurrence of wrinkles and lifting can be prevented.

The surgical sheet of the present invention described above includes a liquid absorbent layer containing cellulose fibers and a water-absorbing polymer, a liquid permeable layer formed on one side of the liquid absorbent layer, and the liquid permeable layer. A liquid impermeable layer formed on the surface opposite to the surface, the amount of cellulose fibers per m ² is 150 to 350 g, and the amount of water-absorbing polymer is 30 to 50 g / m ² Sheets.

<Evaluation method>
Below, the evaluation method of each physical property evaluated by the Example and the comparative example is shown. The results are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the presence or absence of entrainment indicates whether or not the end of the liquid impermeable member is entrained in the liquid permeable member, and the thickness of the absorbent layer includes two cellulose fiber layers and water absorption It is the thickness of the liquid absorption layer which is a composite with a polymer.

(1) Water absorption A surgical sheet is cut into 15 cm square. Thereafter, the liquid permeable member and the liquid impermeable member are removed, and the remaining part is cut into 10 cm square. This is sandwiched between the previously removed members and used as a measurement sample (weight W ₁₁ ). After four sides are heat sealed (seal width 5 mm), they are immersed in a large excess of 0.9% by weight saline solution and left for 20 minutes. Then, with the surface parallel to the vertical direction, place the piece horizontally for 10 minutes, and then measure the weight (weight W ₁₂ ). W ₁₂ -W ₁₁ is the water absorption (g / 100 cm ² ).

(2) Thickness Measured using a Mitutoyo linear gauge (No. 2046). This is the thickness T ₁ .

(3) Thickness change Thickness T ₂ of a surgical sheet sandwiched between two acrylic discs having a diameter of 4.8 cm and a thickness of 1 mm (T ₂ is a value obtained by subtracting the thickness of two discs) Is measured using a Mitutoyo linear gauge (No. 2046). Let T ₂ -T ₁ be the thickness variation (mm).

(4) Saline Solution Return Amount 50 g of physiological saline (0.9% strength by weight saline) is dropped into the center of the surgical sheet. After standing for 10 minutes, a sufficiently liquid-absorbing paper (weight W ₂₁ ) and a 10 cm square weight of 3.5 kg are placed on the portion where the physiological saline is dropped. After 2 minutes, the weight is removed and the paper weight (W ₂₂ ) is measured. W ₂₂ -W ₂₁ is defined as a physiological saline solution return amount (g).

(5) Shaking 50 g of water is dropped in the center of the surgical sheet. After leaving for 10 minutes, place a 10 cm square 3.5 kg weight and move the weight to the side immediately. At that time, the condition of the surgical sheet is evaluated in three stages. The evaluation criteria were as follows: ○: not drunk, Δ: slightly drunk, ×: drunk greatly.

(6) Leakage of water-absorbing polymer Sprinkle colored water on the edge of the surgical sheet. After leaving for 5 minutes, it is evaluated in three stages whether or not a water-absorbing polymer is present on the surface of the liquid-permeable member. Evaluation criteria were as follows: ◯: not present, Δ: slightly present, x: present.

Example 1
Pulp (basis weight 240 g / m ² , area 85 cm × 55 cm) as cellulose fiber, polyacrylate cross-linked product (basis weight 40 g / m ² , area 85 cm × 52 cm) as water-absorbing polymer, paper (1 , Basis weight 25 g / m ² , area 85 cm × 55 cm, 2 basis weight 18 g / m ² , area 85 cm × 61 cm), PP (polypropylene) thermal bond nonwoven fabric (basis weight 20 g / m ² , area 90 cm) as liquid permeable member × 61 cm), using a polyethylene film (basis weight 19 g / m ² , area 90 cm × 61 cm) as a liquid impermeable member, using a general sheet manufacturing apparatus, the size is 90 cm × 60 cm, and the cross section is FIG. A surgical sheet as shown in (b) was prepared. The basis weights and thicknesses of the pulp layer 1 and the pulp layer 2 were the same (hereinafter, the same applies to Examples and Comparative Examples).

Examples 2 and 3
A surgical sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the basis weight of the material was changed as shown in Table 1.

Example 4
Pulp (basis weight 240 g / m ² , area 40 cm × 30 cm) as cellulose fiber, polyacrylate cross-linked product (basis weight 40 g / m ² , area 40 cm × 27 cm) as water-absorbing polymer, paper (1 , Basis weight 25 g / m ² , area 40 cm × 29 cm, 2 basis weight 18 g / m ² , area 40 cm × 36 cm), PP (polypropylene) thermal bond nonwoven fabric (basis weight 20 g / m ² , area 45 cm) as liquid permeable member × 30 cm), using a polyethylene film (basis weight 19 g / m ² , area 45 cm × 36 cm) as a liquid-impermeable member, using a general sheet manufacturing apparatus, the size is 45 cm × 30 cm, and the cross section is FIG. A surgical sheet as shown in (b) was prepared.

Examples 5 and 6
A surgical sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the basis weight of the material was changed as shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 1-4
A surgical sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the basis weight of the material was changed as shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 5-8
A surgical sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the basis weight of the material was changed as shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 9 and 10
The basis weight of the material is changed as shown in Table 1, and the layer containing the cellulose fiber and the water-absorbing polymer is not wrapped with the conjugation member 2, and the conjugation member 1 and the conjugation member 3 (basis weight 18 g / m ² , area 85 cm × 55 cm) ), A surgical sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the surgical sheet of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Liquid permeable member 2: Liquid impermeable member 3, 3 ': Conjugating member 4, 4': Cellulose fiber layer 5: Water-absorbing polymer

Claims (9)

A surgical sheet comprising at least cellulose fibers and a water-absorbing polymer as constituent materials, wherein the cellulose fibers are pulp, the basis weight of the cellulose fibers is 150 to 350 g / m ² , and the basis weight of the water-absorbing polymer is 30 to 50 g / m are ^two der is overall thickness 2.5～7Mm, sheets for surgical thickness variation amount is 1 to 4 mm. The surgical sheet according to claim 1, further comprising a member for conjugating the cellulose fiber and the water-absorbing polymer. The surgical sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a liquid permeable member is disposed on a surface in contact with the user. The surgical sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a liquid-impermeable member is disposed on a surface opposite to a side in contact with the user. The surgical sheet according to claim 4, wherein an end portion of the liquid impermeable member is not wound around the liquid permeable member. The surgical sheet according to claim 4, wherein an end of the liquid impermeable member is wound around the liquid permeable member. The surgical sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the water-absorbing polymer is present between the cellulose fiber layers. Surgical sheets according to any one of claims 1 to 7 water absorption amount is 50 to 80 g / 100 cm ^2. The surgical sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein a return amount of the physiological saline solution is 0.2 to 2 g.

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