JP4081890B2

JP4081890B2 - Seismic isolation structure fixing device

Info

Publication number: JP4081890B2
Application number: JP33000898A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 明雄鈴木; 勝井上; 安廣中村
Original assignee: Oiles Corp
Current assignee: Oiles Corp
Priority date: 1998-11-19
Filing date: 1998-11-19
Publication date: 2008-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2018-11-19
Also published as: JP2000154669A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、基礎と上部構造物との間に介在された免震装置により基礎に対して水平方向に免震支持される上部構造物を、台風等の際の風圧により揺れないように、基礎に対して水平方向に関して一時的に固定する固定装置に関する。
【０００２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
基礎と上部構造物との間に介在させ、上部構造物を地震から保護し、上部構造物を免震構造物にする免震装置としては、ゴム板と鋼板とを積層した積層ゴム、この積層ゴムに鉛支柱を配した鉛プラグ入り積層ゴム、滑りを用いた滑り支承、ころの転がりを用いたころがり支承等の種々のものがある。
【０００３】
上記のいずれの免震装置も、振動方向である水平方向に対して剛性を低くして、上部構造物を含む振動系の水平方向の固有振動周期を、地震の水平振動の周期よりも長くして、地震により上部構造物の振動を抑えるようにしている。
【０００４】
ところで、水平剛性の低い免震装置は小さい水平方向の力でも応答するため、これに免震支持される上部構造物は、少しの風圧が加わっても、水平方向に揺らされることになり、上部構造物がマンション等の集合住宅、事務所ビル、戸建住宅等の場合には、風圧による横揺れで居住者等に極めて大きな不快感を与える虞がある。
【０００５】
また、滑りを用いた滑り支承又はころがり支承等の場合には、原理的に基礎と上部構造物とが垂直方向に関して固定されないために、台風等の際の大きな風圧により転倒モーメントが上部構造物に生じ、特に、戸建住宅等の軽荷重の上部構造物では、風圧により転倒の危険も生じる。
【０００６】
風による上部構造物の不快な横揺れに関する以上の問題に対して、特開平９−３１７０１１号公報に記載のような免震耐風構造が提案されているが、この免震耐風構造によれば、手動操作が困難であって、停電時には、風による上部構造物の不快な横揺れを防止することができない虞がある。
【０００７】
本発明は、前記諸点に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、風による上部構造物の不快な横揺れを防止できると共に、風圧による転倒の危険もなくし得、しかも、台風等においてしばしば生じ得る停電の際にも、簡単に手動操作できる免震構造物の固定装置を提供することにある。
【０００８】
本発明の他の目的とするところは、水平方向に関しての基礎に対する上部構造物の固定解除を偶々失念した場合又は停電した場合にも、一定以上の大きさの地震に対してはこの固定を解除でき、極めてフェールセーフな免震構造物の固定装置を提供することにある。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
基礎と上部構造物との間に介在された免震装置により基礎に対して水平方向に免震支持される上部構造物を、基礎に対して水平方向に関して一時的に固定する本発明の第一の態様の免震構造物の固定装置は、夫々被係合孔を有して、基礎及び上部構造物の夫々に固定された基礎側及び上部構造物側の固定体と、基礎側及び上部構造物側の固定体の夫々の被係合孔を通って、上下方向に移動自在な係合部材と、第一の状態では、係合部材を、基礎側及び上部構造物側の固定体の夫々の被係合孔を通った状態に保持し、第二の状態では、基礎側及び上部構造物側の固定体のうちの一方の固定体の被係合孔からの係合部材の抜け出しを可能とするように、第一及び第二の状態におかれる保持手段とを具備しており、係合部材は、保持手段が第二の状態におかれる際には、一方の固定体の被係合孔から抜け出すようになっている。
【００１０】
第一の態様の免震構造物の固定装置では、保持手段が、第一の状態では、係合部材を、基礎側及び上部構造物側の固定体の夫々の被係合孔を通った状態に保持するために、基礎に対して上部構造物を水平方向に関して固定できて、風による上部構造物の不快な横揺れを防止できると共に、風圧による転倒の危険もなくし得、しかも、保持手段が第二の状態では一方の固定体の被係合孔からの係合部材の抜け出しを可能とし、これにより係合部材が一方の固定体の被係合孔から抜け出すようになっているために、簡単に手動操作を行い得る。
【００１１】
本発明の第二の態様の免震構造物の固定装置では、第一の態様の免震構造物の固定装置において、係合部材には、基礎側及び上部構造物側の固定体の夫々の被係合孔に位置している場合において基礎側及び上部構造物側の固定体間に位置するような括れ部が形成されている。
【００１２】
第二の態様の免震構造物の固定装置によれば、括れ部が係合部材に形成されているために、水平方向に関しての基礎に対する上部構造物の固定解除を偶々失念した場合等にも、一定以上の大きさの地震に対しては、括れ部において係合部材が剪断され得るために、係合部材による水平方向の基礎に対する上部構造物の固定を解除でき、而して極めてフェールセーフなものとし得る。
【００１３】
本発明の第三の態様の免震構造物の固定装置では、第一又は第二の態様の免震構造物の固定装置において、地震検出器と、保持手段が第一の状態にある場合において、地震検出器からの地震検知信号により当該保持手段を第一の状態から第二の状態に向かわせる保持解除機構とを更に具備している。
【００１４】
第三の態様の免震構造物の固定装置によれば、第二の態様の免震構造物の固定装置と同様に、固定解除を失念した場合には、地震検出器からの地震検知信号により保持解除機構を作動させて、係合部材を一方の固定体の被係合孔から抜け出させるようになっているために、これによっても極めてフェールセーフなものとし得る。
【００１５】
本発明の第四の態様の免震構造物の固定装置では、上記のいずれかの態様の免震構造物の固定装置において、係合部材は、保持手段が第二の状態にもたらされる際に一方の固定体の被係合孔から抜け出すべく、その自重により移動するようになっている。
【００１６】
本発明の第五の態様の免震構造物の固定装置では、上記のいずれかの態様の免震構造物の固定装置において、係合部材を一方の固定体の被係合孔から抜け出すように付勢する弾性手段を更に具備しており、係合部材は、保持手段が第二の状態にもたらされる際に一方の固定体の被係合孔から抜け出すように、弾性部材の弾性力により移動されるようになっている。
【００１７】
本発明では、第四又は五の態様の免震構造物の固定装置にように、固定解除が達成されるべく、係合部材を、自重により又はこれと共に若しくはこれに代えて、弾性部材の弾性力により移動させるようにしてもよい。弾性部材としては、コイルばねを、耐久性、信頼性、簡便性の観点から好ましい一つの例として挙げることができるが、その他の弾性部材であってもよい。
【００１８】
本発明の第六の態様の免震構造物の固定装置では、上記のいずれかの態様の免震構造物の固定装置において、保持手段は、第一の状態では、係合部材に連結されるように、第一の回動状態にもたらされて、係合部材を基礎側及び上部構造物側の固定体の夫々の被係合孔に位置させ、第二の状態では、係合部材との連結が解除されるように第二の回動状態にもたらされて、一方の固定体の被係合孔からの係合部材の抜け出しを可能とするように、第一の回動状態と第二の回動状態とに手動操作自在なレバー機構を具備している。
【００１９】
第六の態様の免震構造物の固定装置によれば、手動操作自在なレバー機構を具備しているために、操作性に極めて優れており、したがって、特別な技術を必要としなく、一般の居住者でも容易に操作できる。
【００２０】
本発明の第七の態様の免震構造物の固定装置では、第六の態様の免震構造物の固定装置において、レバー機構は、一方の固定体に回動自在に支持されたレバー本体と、一端部で、このレバー本体に回動自在に取り付けられたフック部材とを具備しており、係合部材は、フック部材の他端部が引っ掛けられる凹所と、レバー機構が第一の回動位置からこれと異なる第二の回動位置に向かって回動する際に、フック部材の他端部の凹所からの抜け出しを案内する案内面とを具備している。
【００２１】
第七の態様の免震構造物の固定装置によれば、レバー本体を具備して、このレバー本体の回動による第一の回動位置において、凹所に引っ掛けられたフック部材を介して係合部材を固定体の夫々の被係合孔を通る位置に保持でき、また、レバー本体の逆回動により、凹所へのフック部材の引っ掛けを解除して、係合部材の一方の固定体の被係合孔からの抜け出しを可能とでき、したがって、手動操作性に極めて優れており、しかも、案内面を具備しているために、抜け出しが確実になされ、手動操作においても、保持解除機構の作動においても、誤りなく係合部材を一方の固定体の被係合孔から抜け出させることができる。
【００２２】
本発明の第八の態様の免震構造物の固定装置では、上記のいずれかの態様の免震構造物の固定装置において、係合部材と一方の固定体とは夫々、係合部材が基礎側及び上部構造物側の固定体の夫々の被係合孔を通って位置している際に互いに連通する貫通孔を具備しており、保持手段は、第一の状態では、係合部材と一方の固定体との貫通孔に挿入され、第二の状態では、当該貫通孔から抜き取られる挿抜自在ピンを具備している。
【００２３】
第八の態様の免震構造物の固定装置によれば、挿抜自在ピンを具備し、この挿抜自在ピンにより、係合部材を、基礎側及び上部構造物側の固定体の夫々の被係合孔を通った状態に保持し、この挿抜自在ピンを貫通孔から抜き取ることにより、一方の固定体の被係合孔からの係合部材の抜け出しを可能にするために、レバー機構よりも構成を簡単にできる。
【００２４】
本発明の第九の態様の免震構造物の固定装置では、上記のいずれかの態様の免震構造物の固定装置において、係合部材は、前記抜け出しの方向と逆の方向に他方の固定体の被係合孔から抜け出さないように、鍔部を有している。
【００２５】
第九の態様の免震構造物の固定装置によれば、係合部材が鍔部を有しているために、この鍔部の他方の固定体への当接により、風圧による上部構造物の基礎からの浮き上がりを確実に防止でき、大きな転倒モーメントの発生を抑えて、風圧による転倒の危険を更に確実になくし得る。
【００２６】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に本発明及びその実施の形態を、図に示す好ましい実施の形態の例を参照して更に詳細に説明する。なお、本発明はこの例に何等限定されないのである。
【００２７】
【実施例】
図１から図３において、基礎１と上部構造物である戸建住宅２との間に介在された免震装置３により基礎１に対して水平方向Ｈに関して免震支持される戸建住宅２を、基礎１に対して水平方向Ｈに関して一時的に固定する固定装置４は、夫々被係合孔５及び６を有して、基礎１及び戸建住宅２の夫々に固定された基礎１側及び戸建住宅２側の固定体７及び８と、基礎１側及び戸建住宅２側の固定体７及び８の夫々の被係合孔５及び６を通って、上下方向（垂直方向）Ｖに移動自在な係合部材９と、第一の状態（図１及び図２に示す状態）では、係合部材９を、基礎１側及び戸建住宅２側の固定体７及び８の夫々の被係合孔５及び６を通った状態に保持し、第二の状態（図３に示す状態）では、基礎１側及び戸建住宅２側の固定体７及び８のうちの一方の固定体、本例では戸建住宅２側の固定体８の被係合孔６からの係合部材９のＤ方向（下方向）における抜け出しを可能とするように、第一及び第二の状態におかれる保持手段１０とを具備している。
【００２８】
本例の免震装置３は、ゴム板と鋼板とを積層した積層ゴム１１を具備しており、積層ゴム１１は、フランジプレート１２及び１３を介して基礎１及び戸建住宅２に夫々固定されている。
【００２９】
固定体７は、略矩形状の基板２１と、基板２１に一体的に形成された筒部２２及び落下防止板部２３とを有しており、基板２１がボルト２４により基礎１に取り付けられて、固定体７は、基礎１側に固定されている。ボルト２４のねじ部が挿通する基板２１に形成された貫通孔は、その径が当該ねじ部の径よりも大きくなるように、形成されており、したがって、固定体７は、基礎１に上下水平方向に関して位置決め調整可能に固定できるようになっている。円孔からなる被係合孔５は、筒部２２を上下方向に貫通して、当該筒部２２に設けられている。
【００３０】
固定体８は、略矩形状の基板３１と、基板３１に一体的に形成された筒部３２及び軸受部３３とを有しており、基板３１がボルト３４により戸建住宅２に取り付けられて、固定体８は、戸建住宅２側に固定されている。ボルト３４のねじ部が挿通する基板３１に形成された貫通孔は、その径が当該ねじ部の径よりも大きくなるように、形成されており、したがって、固定体８もまた、戸建住宅２に上下水平方向に関して位置決め調整可能に固定できるようになっている。なお、固定体７及び８の上記の位置決め調整可能性はいずれか一方でもよい。円孔からなる被係合孔６は、筒部３２を上下方向に貫通して、当該筒部３２に設けられており、一対の軸受部３３に軸３５の両端が回転自在に支持されている。
【００３１】
係合部材９は、円柱体４１と、Ｄ方向と逆の方向Ｕに固定体７の被係合孔５から抜け出さないように、円柱体４１の下端に一体的に形成された円盤状の鍔部４２とを有しており、円柱体４１は、後述のフック部材４３の一方の端部４４が引っ掛けられる凹所４５と、後述のレバー本体４６が第一の回動位置（図１及び図２に示す回動位置）から第二の回動位置（図３に示す回動位置）に向かって回動する際に、フック部材４３の端部４４の凹所４５からの抜け出しを案内する案内面４７とを具備しており、円柱体４１には、基礎１側及び戸建住宅２側の固定体７及び８の夫々の被係合孔５及び６に位置している場合（図１及び図２に示す場合）において基礎１側及び戸建住宅２側の固定体７及び８間で露出して位置するような括れ部４８が形成されている。
【００３２】
被係合孔５及び６は、円柱体４１が余裕をもって通過できる程度の径を有して形成されるのが好ましいが、被係合孔５及び６の径が円柱体４１の径よりもあまり大きいと、その径差分の範囲において風圧により戸建住宅２が横揺れする可能性があるので、横揺れが生じても居住者がそれを感じない程度の径差が好ましい。
【００３３】
保持手段１０は、第一の状態では、係合部材９に連結されるように、第一の回動状態（図１及び図２に示す回動状態）にもたらされて、係合部材９を基礎１側及び戸建住宅２側の固定体７及び８の夫々の被係合孔５及び６に位置させ、第二の状態では、係合部材９との連結が解除されるように第二の回動状態（図３に示す回動状態）にもたらされて、一方の固定体８の被係合孔６からの係合部材９の抜け出しを可能とするように、第一の回動状態と第二の回動状態とに手動操作自在なレバー機構５１を具備している。
【００３４】
レバー機構５１は、一方の固定体８に回動自在に支持されたレバー本体４６と、端部５２で、レバー本体４６に回動自在に取り付けられたフック部材４３とを具備している。
【００３５】
レバー本体４６は、その一端部に軸３５が貫通する軸受部５３を有しており、軸３５及び軸受部３３を介して基板３１に回動自在に支持されている。
【００３６】
角形環状に形成されたフック部材４３は、端部５２でレバー本体４６を回動自在に貫通し、端部４４で凹所４５を引っ掛けるようになっている。
【００３７】
本例では、係合部材９は、保持手段１０が図３に示すように第二の状態におかれて、フック部材４３の端部４４の凹所４５への引っ掛けが解除される際には、固定体８の被係合孔６から抜け出すべく、その自重によりＤ方向に移動するようになっている。
【００３８】
なお、係合部材９を固定体８の被係合孔６から抜け出すように付勢する弾性手段としての例えばコイルばねを落下防止板部２３と鍔部４２との間に設けて、保持手段１０が図３に示すように第二の状態にもたらされる際に係合部材９が固定体８の被係合孔６から抜け出すように、当該コイルばねの弾性力により係合部材９を移動させるようにしてもよい。
【００３９】
以上の免震構造物の固定装置４では、通常、図３に示すように、レバー本体４６が下方に回動されて、フック部材４３の端部４４の凹所４５への引っ掛けが解除され、係合部材９が固定体８の被係合孔６から抜け出て落下防止板部２３上に配されている。この状態で地震が発生すると、免震装置３を介して基礎１に支持された戸建住宅２は水平方向Ｈに横揺れするが、免震装置３の免震機能により、その横揺れが低減されて、速やかに減衰される。一方、固定装置４では、台風等の到来により風が強くなる虞がある場合には、円柱体４１を被係合孔５及び６を貫通させて持ち上げ、フック部材４３の端部４４を凹所４５へ引っ掛けるようにして、図１及び図２に示すように、レバー本体４６を上方に手動回動し、被係合孔５及び６を貫通した状態に円柱体４１を保持する。この状態で戸建住宅２に風圧が作用しても、戸建住宅２は、係合部材９を介して基礎１に固定されているために横揺れしなくなり、したがって、その居住者に不快感を与えず、加えて、風圧による転倒の危険もなくなる。
【００４０】
そして固定装置４では、台風等の通過後に風が弱くなった際に、レバー本体４６を図３に示すように再び下方に回動すると、係合部材９を介する戸建住宅２の基礎１への固定を簡単に解除でき、免震装置３の免震機能をそのまま発揮させることができる。
【００４１】
また固定装置４では、固定体７及び８間に位置するような括れ部４８が係合部材９に形成されているために、水平方向Ｈに関しての基礎１に対する戸建住宅２の固定解除を偶々失念した場合等において一定以上の大きさの地震が生じても、括れ部４８において係合部材９が剪断されて、係合部材９による水平方向の固定が強制的に解除され、而して極めてフェールセーフなものとなる。更に固定装置４では、手動操作自在なレバー機構５１を具備しているために、操作性に極めて優れており、したがって、特別な技術を必要としなく、一般の居住者でも容易に操作でき、しかも、案内面４７を具備しているために、フック部材４３の端部４４の凹所４５からの抜け出しが確実になされ、手動操作においても、後述の保持解除機構６１の作動においても、誤りなく係合部材９を被係合孔６から抜け出させることができ、その上、係合部材９が鍔部４２を有しているために、風圧による戸建住宅２の基礎１からの浮き上がりを確実に防止でき、転倒モーメントの発生を抑えて、風圧による転倒の危険を更に確実になくし得る。
【００４２】
ところで上記の固定装置４では、手動操作によりレバー機構５１のレバー本体４６を回動させて、基礎１に対する戸建住宅２の固定と固定解除とを行うようにしたが、これに代えて又はこれと共に、基礎１に対する戸建住宅２の固定解除を自動的に行うようにしてもよい。すなわち、地震検出器（図示せず）と、レバー本体４６が図１及び図２に示すように第一の回動位置にある場合において、地震検出器からの地震検知信号により当該レバー本体４６を第一の回動位置から図３に示すような第二の回動位置に向かわせる保持解除機構６１を固定装置４に設けてもよい。
【００４３】
レバー本体４６の自由端部に対面するようにして基板３１に設けられた保持解除機構６１は、電磁コイル（図示せず）と、この電磁コイルにより作動される作動棒６２と、作動棒６２を弾性力により押し出すコイルばねなどの弾性手段とを具備しており、地震検出器からの地震検知信号を受信しない場合には、弾性手段の弾性力に抗して電磁コイルの電磁力により作動棒６２の押し出しを阻止し、地震検出器からの地震検知信号を受信した場合には、電磁コイルの電磁力をなくして、弾性手段の弾性力により作動棒６２を押し出し、この押し出しにより作動棒６２をレバー本体４６に当接させ、これによりレバー本体４６に第一の回動位置から第二の回動位置に向かわせる回動を生じさせるようなっている。
【００４４】
このように地震検出器及び保持解除機構６１を具備した固定装置４では、地震検出器からの地震検知信号により保持解除機構６１を作動させて、係合部材９を、固定体８の被係合孔６から抜け出させるようになっているために、水平方向に関しての基礎１に対する戸建住宅２の固定解除を偶々失念した場合でも、地震時には、係合部材９による水平方向の固定を強制的に解除でき、而して、極めてフェールセーフなものとなる。
【００４５】
また、弾性手段の弾性力により作動棒６２を押し出すようにすると、停電して保持解除機構６１が電気的に作動しなくなった場合にも、係合部材９による水平方向の固定を強制的に解除でき、而して、上記と相俟って更に極めてフェールセーフなものとなる。
【００４６】
以上の固定装置４は、保持手段１０としてレバー機構５１を具備した例であるが、これに代えてまたはこれと共に、図４及び図５に示すように、保持手段１０として挿抜自在ピン７１を具備して構成してもよい。すなわち、図４及び図５に示すように、係合部材９の円柱体４１と固定体８の筒部３２との夫々に、円柱体４１が被係合孔５及び６を通って位置している際に互いに連通する貫通孔７２及び７３を設けると共に、貫通孔７２及び７３に対して挿抜自在なピン７１を設けて固定装置４を構成してもよい。ピン７１が貫通孔７２及び７３に挿通されている際には、係合部材９は、固定体７及び８の夫々の被係合孔５及び６を通って位置して、係合部材９により基礎１に戸建住宅２は固定され、ピン７１が貫通孔７２及び７３から抜き取られる際には、係合部材９はその自重又は弾性部材により被係合孔６から抜け出し、係合部材９による基礎１への戸建住宅２の固定は解除されるようになっている。
【００４７】
挿抜自在ピン７１でもって保持手段１０を構成することにより、極めて簡単な簡易式の固定装置４を提供できる。
【００４８】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、風による上部構造物の不快な横揺れを防止できると共に、風圧により転倒の危険もなくし得、しかも、簡単に手動操作でき、その上、水平方向に関しての基礎に対する上部構造物の固定解除を偶々失念した場合又は停電した場合にも、一定以上の大きさの地震に対してはこの固定を強制的に解除でき、極めてフェールセーフな免震構造物の固定装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の好ましい一実施の形態の例の側面図である。
【図２】図１に示す例の正面図である。
【図３】図１の例の動作説明図である。
【図４】本発明の好ましい他の実施の形態の例の正面図である。
【図５】図４の例の側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１基礎
２戸建住宅
３免震装置
４固定装置
５、６被係合孔
７、８固定体
９係合部材
１０保持手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an upper structure that is isolated from the foundation in a horizontal direction by a seismic isolation device interposed between the foundation and the upper structure so that the upper structure is not shaken by wind pressure in the event of a typhoon or the like. The present invention relates to a fixing device for temporarily fixing with respect to the horizontal direction.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As a seismic isolation device that is interposed between the foundation and the upper structure, protects the upper structure from earthquakes, and makes the upper structure a seismic isolation structure, laminated rubber composed of laminated rubber plates and steel plates, this lamination There are various types, such as laminated rubber with lead plugs with lead struts on rubber, sliding bearings using sliding, and rolling bearings using roller rolling.
[0003]
In any of the above seismic isolation devices, the rigidity in the horizontal direction, which is the vibration direction, is lowered, and the natural vibration period in the horizontal direction of the vibration system including the superstructure is made longer than the horizontal vibration period of the earthquake. Therefore, the earthquake suppresses the vibration of the superstructure.
[0004]
By the way, since the seismic isolation device with low horizontal rigidity responds even with a small horizontal force, the superstructure supported by the seismic isolation is shaken in the horizontal direction even if a little wind pressure is applied. When the structure is an apartment house such as a condominium, an office building, a detached house, or the like, there is a risk of causing extremely great discomfort to residents due to rolling due to wind pressure.
[0005]
In addition, in the case of sliding bearings using rolling or rolling bearings, the foundation and the upper structure are not fixed in the vertical direction in principle, so a tipping moment is applied to the upper structure due to a large wind pressure during a typhoon or the like. In particular, in a lightly loaded superstructure such as a detached house, there is a risk of falling due to wind pressure.
[0006]
With respect to the above problems related to the unpleasant roll of the superstructure due to the wind, a base-isolated wind-resistant structure as described in JP-A-9-317011 has been proposed. Manual operation is difficult, and there is a possibility that unpleasant rolling of the upper structure due to wind cannot be prevented during a power failure.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and the object of the present invention is to prevent unpleasant rolls of the superstructure due to wind, and to eliminate the risk of overturning due to wind pressure. It is an object of the present invention to provide a seismic isolation structure fixing device that can be easily manually operated even in the event of a power failure that often occurs.
[0008]
Another object of the present invention is to release the fixing for an earthquake of a certain magnitude or more even if the fixing of the superstructure to the foundation in the horizontal direction is accidentally forgotten or when a power failure occurs. It is possible to provide an extremely fail-safe seismic isolation structure fixing device.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The first of the present invention is to temporarily fix the upper structure, which is supported by the seismic isolation device interposed between the foundation and the upper structure in the horizontal direction with respect to the foundation in the horizontal direction with respect to the foundation. The seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the above aspect includes a fixed body on the foundation side and the upper structure side, each of which has an engaged hole, and is fixed to each of the foundation and the upper structure, and the foundation side and the upper structure. An engaging member that is movable in the vertical direction through each engaged hole of the fixed body on the object side, and in the first state, the engaging member is connected to each of the fixed body on the foundation side and the upper structure side. The engagement member can be pulled out from the engagement hole of one of the fixed bodies on the base side and the upper structure side in the second state. And holding means placed in the first and second states, and the engaging member has the second holding means. When placed in is adapted to get out of the engagement hole of one of the fixed body.
[0010]
In the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the first aspect, in the first state, the holding means passes the engaging member through the engaged holes of the fixing member on the foundation side and the upper structure side. The upper structure can be fixed with respect to the foundation in the horizontal direction to prevent unpleasant rolling of the upper structure due to the wind, and there is no risk of falling due to the wind pressure. In the second state, the engagement member can be removed from the engaged hole of one fixed body, and the engagement member is thereby extracted from the engaged hole of one fixed body. Easy manual operation.
[0011]
In the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the first aspect, each of the fixing members on the foundation side and the upper structure side is included in the engaging member. A constricted portion is formed between the fixed bodies on the foundation side and the upper structure side when located in the engaged hole.
[0012]
According to the seismic isolation structure fixing device of the second aspect, since the constricted portion is formed on the engaging member, even when the unlocking of the upper structure with respect to the foundation in the horizontal direction is accidentally forgotten, etc. For earthquakes of a certain magnitude or larger, the engaging member can be sheared at the constricted portion, so that the fixing of the superstructure to the horizontal foundation by the engaging member can be released and thus extremely fail-safe. Can be.
[0013]
In the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the third aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the first or second aspect, the earthquake detector and the holding means are in the first state. And a holding release mechanism for moving the holding means from the first state to the second state by an earthquake detection signal from the earthquake detector.
[0014]
According to the seismic isolation structure fixing device of the third aspect, as in the case of the seismic isolation structure fixing device of the second aspect, when the release of the fixation is forgotten, the seismic detection signal from the earthquake detector Since the holding release mechanism is operated to cause the engaging member to come out of the engaged hole of one fixed body, this can also be extremely fail-safe.
[0015]
In the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to any one of the above aspects, the engaging member is provided when the holding means is brought into the second state. In order to escape from the engaged hole of one fixed body, it moves by its own weight.
[0016]
In the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to any one of the aspects described above, the engaging member may be pulled out from the engaged hole of one of the fixed bodies. The engaging member is further moved by the elastic force of the elastic member so as to come out of the engaged hole of one fixed body when the holding member is brought into the second state. It has come to be.
[0017]
In the present invention, as in the fixing device for the seismic isolation structure according to the fourth or fifth aspect, the engagement member is made elastic by the elastic member by its own weight, together with or in place of it, in order to achieve the unlocking. It may be moved by force. As the elastic member, a coil spring can be cited as a preferable example from the viewpoint of durability, reliability, and simplicity, but other elastic members may be used.
[0018]
In the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to any one of the above aspects, the holding means is coupled to the engaging member in the first state. Thus, the engagement member is positioned in the respective engaged holes of the fixed body on the base side and the upper structure side, and in the second state, The first rotation state so that the engagement member can be removed from the engaged hole of one fixed body. A lever mechanism that can be manually operated in the second rotation state is provided.
[0019]
According to the seismic isolation structure fixing device of the sixth aspect, since the lever mechanism that can be manually operated is provided, the operability is extremely excellent. Residents can easily operate.
[0020]
In the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the sixth aspect, the lever mechanism includes a lever main body rotatably supported by one fixed body, and A hook member rotatably attached to the lever main body at one end, and the engaging member includes a recess in which the other end of the hook member is hooked, and the lever mechanism in the first rotation. And a guide surface for guiding the escape from the recess at the other end of the hook member when rotating from the moving position toward a second rotating position different from the moving position.
[0021]
According to the seismic isolation structure fixing device of the seventh aspect, the lever main body is provided, and the first main rotation position by the rotation of the lever main body is engaged via the hook member hooked in the recess. The joint member can be held at a position passing through the respective engaged holes of the fixed body, and the hook member is released from the hook by the reverse rotation of the lever body, so that one fixed body of the engaging member Can be withdrawn from the engaged hole, and is therefore excellent in manual operability, and since the guide surface is provided, the withdrawal is surely performed, and even in manual operation, the holding release mechanism In this operation, the engaging member can be removed from the engaged hole of one fixed body without error.
[0022]
In the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to any one of the above aspects, the engagement member and the one fixing body are each based on the engagement member. A through hole communicating with each other when the fixed body on the side and the upper structure side are positioned through the engaged holes, and the holding means is, in the first state, an engagement member and It is inserted into a through hole with one fixed body, and in the second state, it has an insertable pin that can be pulled out from the through hole.
[0023]
According to the seismic isolation structure fixing apparatus of the eighth aspect, the separable pin is provided, and the engaging member is engaged with each of the fixed body on the foundation side and the upper structure side by the insertable / removable pin. In order to enable the engagement member to be pulled out from the engaged hole of one fixed body by holding the state through the hole and removing the insertable / removable pin from the through hole, the structure is more than the lever mechanism. Easy to do.
[0024]
In the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation structure fixing device according to any one of the aspects described above, the engaging member is fixed in the opposite direction to the direction of withdrawal. It has a collar so that it will not escape from the engaged hole of the body.
[0025]
According to the seismic isolation structure fixing device of the ninth aspect, since the engaging member has the flange portion, the contact of the flange portion with the other fixed body causes the upper structure to be The lift from the foundation can be reliably prevented, the occurrence of a large falling moment can be suppressed, and the risk of falling due to wind pressure can be further eliminated.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention and its embodiments will now be described in more detail with reference to the preferred embodiment examples shown in the figures. The present invention is not limited to this example.
[0027]
【Example】
In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a detached house 2 that is seismically isolated with respect to the foundation 1 in the horizontal direction H by a seismic isolation device 3 interposed between the foundation 1 and a detached house 2 that is an upper structure. The fixing device 4 that temporarily fixes the foundation 1 with respect to the horizontal direction H has engaged holes 5 and 6, respectively, and the foundation 1 side fixed to the foundation 1 and the detached house 2 respectively. In the vertical direction V through the fixed bodies 7 and 8 on the detached house 2 side and the engaged holes 5 and 6 of the fixed bodies 7 and 8 on the foundation 1 side and the detached house 2 side, respectively. In the movable engaging member 9 and the first state (the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), the engaging member 9 is attached to the fixed bodies 7 and 8 of the foundation 1 side and the detached house 2 side, respectively. It holds in the state which passed through the engagement holes 5 and 6, and in the 2nd state (state shown in FIG. 3), the body of the fixed bodies 7 and 8 of the foundation 1 side and the detached house 2 side. In order to enable the engagement member 9 to be pulled out in the D direction (downward) from the engaged hole 6 of the fixed body 8 on the detached house 2 side in this example. Holding means 10 placed in the second state.
[0028]
The seismic isolation device 3 of this example includes a laminated rubber 11 in which a rubber plate and a steel plate are laminated, and the laminated rubber 11 is fixed to the foundation 1 and the detached house 2 via flange plates 12 and 13, respectively. ing.
[0029]
The fixed body 7 includes a substantially rectangular substrate 21, a cylindrical portion 22 and a drop prevention plate portion 23 formed integrally with the substrate 21, and the substrate 21 is attached to the foundation 1 with bolts 24. The fixed body 7 is fixed to the base 1 side. The through hole formed in the substrate 21 through which the screw portion of the bolt 24 is inserted is formed so that the diameter thereof is larger than the diameter of the screw portion. It can be fixed so that the positioning can be adjusted with respect to the direction. The engaged hole 5 made of a circular hole is provided in the cylindrical portion 22 so as to penetrate the cylindrical portion 22 in the vertical direction.
[0030]
The fixed body 8 includes a substantially rectangular substrate 31, a cylindrical portion 32 and a bearing portion 33 formed integrally with the substrate 31, and the substrate 31 is attached to the detached house 2 by bolts 34. The fixed body 8 is fixed to the detached house 2 side. The through hole formed in the substrate 31 through which the screw portion of the bolt 34 is inserted is formed so that the diameter thereof is larger than the diameter of the screw portion. Therefore, the fixed body 8 is also formed in the detached house 2. It can be fixed so that positioning can be adjusted in the vertical and horizontal directions. Note that the positioning adjustment possibility of the fixed bodies 7 and 8 may be either one. The engaged hole 6 made of a circular hole penetrates the cylindrical portion 32 in the vertical direction and is provided in the cylindrical portion 32, and both ends of the shaft 35 are rotatably supported by the pair of bearing portions 33. .
[0031]
The engaging member 9 is a disc-shaped ridge formed integrally with the lower end of the cylindrical body 41 so as not to come out of the cylindrical body 41 and the engaged hole 5 of the fixed body 7 in the direction U opposite to the D direction. The cylindrical body 41 has a recess 45 in which one end 44 of a hook member 43 described later is hooked and a lever body 46 described later in a first rotation position (FIGS. 1 and The guide for guiding the escape of the end portion 44 of the hook member 43 from the recess 45 when rotating from the rotation position shown in FIG. 2 toward the second rotation position (rotation position shown in FIG. 3). When the cylindrical body 41 is located in the engaged holes 5 and 6 of the fixed bodies 7 and 8 on the foundation 1 side and the detached house 2 side, respectively (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 1). In the case shown in FIG. 2, a constricted portion 48 is formed so as to be exposed between the fixed bodies 7 and 8 on the foundation 1 side and the detached house 2 side. It is.
[0032]
The engaged holes 5 and 6 are preferably formed with a diameter that allows the cylindrical body 41 to pass with a margin, but the diameters of the engaged holes 5 and 6 are less than the diameter of the cylindrical body 41. If it is large, there is a possibility that the detached house 2 may roll due to wind pressure in the range of the diameter difference. Therefore, a diameter difference that does not allow the resident to feel it even if the roll occurs is preferable.
[0033]
In the first state, the holding means 10 is brought into the first rotation state (the rotation state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) so as to be connected to the engagement member 9. Is positioned in the engaged holes 5 and 6 of the fixed bodies 7 and 8 on the foundation 1 side and the detached house 2 side, and in the second state, the connection with the engaging member 9 is released. The second rotation state (the rotation state shown in FIG. 3) is brought about so that the engagement member 9 can be removed from the engaged hole 6 of one fixed body 8 in the first rotation. A lever mechanism 51 is provided which can be manually operated in a moving state and a second rotating state.
[0034]
The lever mechanism 51 includes a lever main body 46 that is rotatably supported by one fixed body 8, and a hook member 43 that is rotatably attached to the lever main body 46 at an end 52.
[0035]
The lever main body 46 has a bearing portion 53 through which the shaft 35 penetrates at one end thereof, and is rotatably supported by the substrate 31 via the shaft 35 and the bearing portion 33.
[0036]
The hook member 43 formed in a square ring shape is configured to pass through the lever body 46 at the end 52 so as to freely rotate, and to hook the recess 45 at the end 44.
[0037]
In this example, the engaging member 9 is disposed when the holding means 10 is in the second state as shown in FIG. 3 and the hooking of the end 44 of the hook member 43 to the recess 45 is released. In order to get out of the engaged hole 6 of the fixed body 8, it moves in the D direction by its own weight.
[0038]
For example, a coil spring as an elastic means for urging the engaging member 9 so as to escape from the engaged hole 6 of the fixed body 8 is provided between the fall prevention plate portion 23 and the flange portion 42, and the holding means 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the engagement member 9 is moved by the elastic force of the coil spring so that the engagement member 9 comes out of the engaged hole 6 of the fixed body 8 when being brought into the second state. It may be.
[0039]
In the seismic isolation structure fixing device 4 described above, normally, as shown in FIG. 3, the lever main body 46 is rotated downward to release the hook of the end portion 44 of the hook member 43 to the recess 45, The engaging member 9 comes out of the engaged hole 6 of the fixed body 8 and is disposed on the fall prevention plate portion 23. When an earthquake occurs in this state, the detached house 2 supported by the foundation 1 via the seismic isolation device 3 rolls in the horizontal direction H, but the seismic isolation function of the seismic isolation device 3 reduces the roll. And is quickly attenuated. On the other hand, in the fixing device 4, when there is a possibility that the wind becomes strong due to the arrival of a typhoon or the like, the cylindrical body 41 is lifted through the engaged holes 5 and 6, and the end 44 of the hook member 43 is recessed. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lever main body 46 is manually rotated upward to hold the cylindrical body 41 in a state of passing through the engaged holes 5 and 6. Even if wind pressure acts on the detached house 2 in this state, the detached house 2 does not roll due to being fixed to the foundation 1 via the engaging member 9, so that the resident feels uncomfortable. In addition, there is no risk of falling due to wind pressure.
[0040]
In the fixing device 4, when the wind becomes weak after passing through a typhoon or the like, the lever main body 46 is rotated downward again as shown in FIG. 3, so that the base 1 of the detached house 2 via the engaging member 9 is obtained. Can be easily released, and the seismic isolation function of the seismic isolation device 3 can be exhibited as it is.
[0041]
Further, in the fixing device 4, since the constricted portion 48 that is positioned between the fixing bodies 7 and 8 is formed in the engaging member 9, the fixing release of the detached house 2 with respect to the foundation 1 in the horizontal direction H is accidentally performed. Even if an earthquake of a certain magnitude or more occurs in the case of forgetting, etc., the engagement member 9 is sheared at the constricted portion 48, and the horizontal fixing by the engagement member 9 is forcibly released, and thus extremely It will be fail-safe. Further, since the fixing device 4 includes the lever mechanism 51 that can be manually operated, the operability is extremely excellent. Therefore, no special technique is required, and even a general resident can easily operate. Further, since the guide surface 47 is provided, the end portion 44 of the hook member 43 is surely pulled out from the recess 45, so that it is possible to perform the manual operation and the operation of the holding release mechanism 61 described later without error. The combined member 9 can be pulled out of the engaged hole 6, and the engaging member 9 has the flange portion 42, so that the floating of the detached house 2 from the foundation 1 due to wind pressure is ensured. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of a tipping moment, and the risk of tipping over due to wind pressure can be further eliminated.
[0042]
In the fixing device 4 described above, the lever main body 46 of the lever mechanism 51 is rotated manually to fix and release the detached house 2 with respect to the foundation 1. At the same time, the fixed release of the detached house 2 with respect to the foundation 1 may be automatically performed. That is, when the earthquake detector (not shown) and the lever main body 46 are in the first rotation position as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lever main body 46 is moved by the earthquake detection signal from the earthquake detector. The fixing device 4 may be provided with a holding release mechanism 61 that moves from the first rotation position to the second rotation position as shown in FIG.
[0043]
A holding release mechanism 61 provided on the substrate 31 so as to face the free end of the lever body 46 includes an electromagnetic coil (not shown), an operating rod 62 operated by the electromagnetic coil, and the operating rod 62. And an elastic means such as a coil spring that pushes out by an elastic force, and when the earthquake detection signal from the earthquake detector is not received, the operating rod 62 resists the elastic force of the elastic means by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil. When the earthquake detection signal is received from the earthquake detector, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil is eliminated and the operating rod 62 is pushed out by the elastic force of the elastic means. The lever 46 is brought into contact with the main body 46, thereby causing the lever main body 46 to turn from the first turning position to the second turning position.
[0044]
Thus, in the fixing device 4 having the earthquake detector and the holding release mechanism 61, the holding release mechanism 61 is operated by the earthquake detection signal from the earthquake detector, and the engaging member 9 is engaged with the fixed body 8. Even if you accidentally forget to unlock the detached house 2 with respect to the foundation 1 in the horizontal direction because it is made to come out of the hole 6, in the event of an earthquake, the fixing in the horizontal direction by the engaging member 9 is forced. It can be lifted and is therefore extremely fail-safe.
[0045]
Further, if the operating rod 62 is pushed out by the elastic force of the elastic means, the horizontal fixing by the engaging member 9 is forcibly released even if the holding release mechanism 61 is not electrically operated due to a power failure. Thus, in combination with the above, it becomes extremely fail-safe.
[0046]
The fixing device 4 described above is an example in which the lever mechanism 51 is provided as the holding means 10, but instead of or together with this, as shown in FIGS. You may comprise. That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cylindrical body 41 is positioned through the engaged holes 5 and 6 in each of the cylindrical body 41 of the engaging member 9 and the cylindrical portion 32 of the fixed body 8. The fixing device 4 may be configured by providing through-holes 72 and 73 that communicate with each other while the pins 71 are detachable from the through-holes 72 and 73. When the pin 71 is inserted through the through holes 72 and 73, the engaging member 9 is positioned through the engaged holes 5 and 6 of the fixed bodies 7 and 8, and the engaging member 9 When the detached house 2 is fixed to the foundation 1 and the pin 71 is extracted from the through holes 72 and 73, the engaging member 9 is pulled out of the engaged hole 6 by its own weight or an elastic member, and the engaging member 9 The fixing of the detached house 2 to the foundation 1 is released.
[0047]
By configuring the holding means 10 with the insertable / removable pins 71, an extremely simple and simple fixing device 4 can be provided.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, unpleasant rolling of the upper structure due to wind can be prevented, there is no danger of falling by wind pressure, and it can be easily operated manually, and the upper structure with respect to the foundation in the horizontal direction. To provide a highly fail-safe seismic isolation device that can be forcibly released for earthquakes of a certain size or greater even if you accidentally forget to unlock it or if a power failure occurs Can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the example shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a front view of an example of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of the example of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Detached house 3 Seismic isolation device 4 Fixing device 5, 6 Engagement hole 7, 8 Fixed body 9 Engagement member 10 Holding means

Claims

A fixing device for temporarily fixing an upper structure, which is supported in a horizontal direction with respect to the foundation by a seismic isolation device interposed between the foundation and the upper structure, in the horizontal direction with respect to the foundation. A fixed body on the foundation side and the upper structure side fixed to the foundation and the upper structure, respectively, and a fixed body on the foundation side and the upper structure side, each having an engaged hole. An engaging member that is movable in the vertical direction through the hole, and in the first state, the engaging member is passed through the respective engaged holes of the fixed body on the foundation side and the upper structure side. One of the fixed bodies on the side and the upper structure side is held at the end of one fixed body so as not to come out from the engaged hole of one fixed body toward the engaged hole of the other fixed body, In the second state, the holding of the engaging member at the end on one fixed body side is released, and the fixed body on the foundation side and the upper structure side is released. Holding means placed in the first and second states so that the engaging member can be removed from the engaged hole of one of the fixed bodies toward the engaged hole of the other fixed body. An engaging member that is provided so that when the holding means is placed in the second state, the engaging member is pulled out from the engaged hole of one fixed body toward the engaged hole of the other fixed body. Is a seismic isolation structure fixing device having a flange at the end of the other fixed body so as not to escape from the engaged hole of the other fixed body in a direction opposite to the direction of the withdrawal.

The engaging member is formed with a constricted portion that is positioned between the fixed body on the base side and the upper structure side when the engaging member is positioned in each engaged hole of the fixed body on the base side and the upper structure side. The seismic isolation structure fixing device according to claim 1.

An earthquake detector; and a holding release mechanism for moving the holding means from the first state to the second state by an earthquake detection signal from the earthquake detector when the holding means is in the first state. The seismic isolation structure fixing device according to claim 1 or 2.

When the holding means is brought into the second state, the engaging member moves by its own weight so as to come out from the engaged hole of one fixed body toward the engaged hole of the other fixed body. The seismic isolation structure fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

The engaging member is further provided with elastic means for urging the engaging member to be pulled out from the engaged hole of the one fixed body toward the engaged hole of the other fixed body. When brought into the second state, it is moved by the elastic force of the elastic member so as to come out from the engaged hole of one fixed body toward the engaged hole of the other fixed body. Item 5. The seismic isolation structure fixing device according to any one of Items 1 to 4.

Each of the engaging member and the one fixed body has a through hole that communicates with each other when the engaging member is positioned through the respective engaged holes of the fixed body on the base side and the upper structure side. In the first state, the holding means is inserted into the through hole of the engaging member and the one fixed body, and in the second state, the holding means includes an insertable / removable pin that is extracted from the through hole. Item 6. The seismic isolation structure fixing device according to any one of Items 1 to 5.