JP4080964B2 - Cryopreservation / thawing device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention stores a frozen object including baking bread, food, and medicine in a storage kept at a low temperature, supplies cooling air to the storage, and stores the frozen object in a frozen state. The present invention relates to a cryopreservation / thawing device for heating and thawing a preserved object to be frozen.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, in order to reduce bread production, sales, and costs at food sales stores and bakery stores, baking bread is stored in a storage room kept at a low temperature, and cooling air is supplied into the storage room to supply the baking. When the bread is stored frozen and the baked bread is offered for sale, the frozen baked bread is heated and thawed, and the bread is returned to the state at the time of baking and sold. I came.
Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-346644), Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-79691), and Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-2002) are used as frozen storage means or thawing means for baking bread and confectionery. No. 17242) is provided.
[0003]
In the technique of Patent Document 1, raw western confectionery including sponge cake or bread obtained by baking dough containing 40% or more water-soluble saccharide in terms of solid weight is set so that the center temperature reaches 0 ° C. or less. After quick freezing, it is stored at a temperature of −18 ° C. or lower, and at the time of thawing, it is defrosted in a cold room at a temperature of 0 ° C. ± 2 ° C. and a relative humidity (relative humidity) of 80% or higher.
In the technique of Patent Document 2, the bread immediately after baking is sealed and allowed to cool to room temperature, then frozen, and when thawed, it is thawed by steam heating in a kiln, refilled with a small amount of water, and immediately sealed. It is configured to complete the thawing by leaving it alone.
Moreover, in the technique of patent document 3, after baking dough half-baking, it fills and seals with a deoxidizer in the packaging container which has oxygen barrier property.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-346644 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-7-79691 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-17242
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the technique of Patent Document 1, a fresh confectionery containing bread obtained by baking a dough containing a predetermined water-soluble sugar is rapidly frozen so that the center temperature reaches 0 ° C. or lower, and then −18 ° C. Means for freezing and storing at the following temperatures and means for thawing in a cold room at a temperature of 0 ° C. ± 2 ° C. and high humidity (relative humidity of 80% or more) are only disclosed. In that case, only the means for sealing the bread immediately after baking and allowing it to cool to room temperature and then freezing, and the means for thawing and sealing by steam heating at the time of thawing and leaving at room temperature are disclosed. However, only the means for filling and sealing the semi-baked bread together with the oxygen scavenger in the packaging container having an oxygen barrier property is disclosed. In any of Patent Documents 1 to 3, the baked bread is frozen. Used for storage For cryopreservation means using generator and low temperature air of the low-temperature air humidity, there is no disclosure.
[0006]
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a specific means for generating high-humidity low-temperature air used for freezing and storing frozen objects including baked bread, other foods and chemicals, and specific use of the low-temperature air. By obtaining frozen storage means and thawing means, the object to be frozen can be stored frozen with a stable quality without evaporation or sublimation of water, and it can be easily thawed in a short time, so that it can be thawed with high quality. It is an object of the present invention to provide a frozen storage / thawing device capable of supplying bread and thawed foods or thawed chemicals with the required quality maintained.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention achieves such an object, in which frozen objects including baked bread, food and chemicals are stored frozen in a storage kept at a low temperature, and cooled air is supplied into the storage and stored frozen. In a frozen storage / thawing device for thawing the object to be frozen, a humidity adjusting device for humidifying the pressurized air pressurized by the compressor to a predetermined humidity, and the cooling air by adiabatically expanding the humidified pressurized air And an air heater that is provided in an air passage that connects an air outlet of the compressor and an air inlet of the humidity control device to heat the air from the compressor, and the air A first bypass path that bypasses the heater; a second bypass path that bypasses the expander; and the refrigeration operation of the object to be frozen, air from the compressor bypasses the air heater and the first bypass path 1 Bypass, humidity control Device, the expander or both of the expander and the air cooler are supplied to the storage through this order, and the air from the compressor is supplied to the air heater and the humidity adjusting device when the object to be frozen is thawed. And switching means for bypassing the expander and supplying it to the storage through the second bypass path .
[0008]
According to this invention, the switching means bypasses the air heater so that the air from the compressor bypasses the air heater during the freezing operation of the object to be frozen, the first bypass path, the humidity adjusting device, the expander, or the expander. And the air cooler in this order are supplied to the storage, and when the object to be frozen is thawed, the air from the compressor passes through the air heater and the humidity adjustment device in this order, and the expander is By-passing and supplying to the storage through the second bypass path, during the freezing operation of the object to be frozen, the pressurized air pressurized to a high pressure by the compressor of the air cycle is humidified to a predetermined humidity in the humidity adjustment device Then, the humidified pressurized air is guided to an expander of an air cycle, and the pressurized air is adiabatically expanded to a predetermined low pressure in the expander to lower the temperature to a freezing temperature of 0 ° C. or less.却空 care about baking bread, supplied into the vault which the frozen food is housed, including food and medicine. By continuously supplying the cooling air into the storage, the storage is kept at a predetermined freezing temperature and the object to be frozen is stored frozen.
[0009]
Further , according to this invention, the humidified pressurized air pressurized at a high pressure by the air cycle compressor and humidified to a predetermined humidity by the humidity adjusting device during the freezing operation of the object to be frozen is Adiabatic expansion allows the object to be frozen to be cooled to the target refrigeration temperature at a stroke and supplied to the storage, and the object to be frozen can be stored frozen. Thus, it can be stored frozen.
In addition, since the cooling air supplied to the storage of the object to be frozen is generated by an air cycle using an air compressor and an expander, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation in the air expansion process and to cool with condensed water. The occurrence of erosion of the air generating device can be prevented, and the durability of the cooling air generating device can be kept high.
[0010]
(Delete)
[0011]
(Delete)
[0012]
(Delete)
[0013]
In this invention, preferably, the switching means includes a first switching valve that switches between air passing through the air heater and air passing through the first bypass passage, and the expander or the expander and the air cooler. A second switching valve that switches between air passing through the air and air passing through the second bypass passage, and switching between the first switching valve and the second switching valve according to a freezing operation and a thawing operation of the baking pan. And a controller for operation.
[0014]
According to this invention, the frozen object is stored in the storage by the means, and the air flow from the compressor is switched by switching the switching means when thawing the frozen object to be frozen. Switching means provided with a controller so that the heated humidified air may be supplied to the storage by bypassing the expander and supplying it to the storage via an air heater and a humidity control device. By simply switching the air flow path to the storage, the object to be frozen can be thawed easily in a short time, and the object to be frozen can be stored frozen and thawed freely under appropriate conditions. be able to.
[0015]
In this invention, preferably, a cooling air recovery device that cools the pressurized air on the outlet side of the humidity adjusting device by the recovered air is provided in a recovery air passage that connects the storage and the suction port of the compressor. .
If comprised in this way, the cold heat | fever of the collection | recovery air returned from the storage to the suction inlet of a compressor can be used effectively for cooling of pressurized air, and the freezing heat efficiency of a to-be-frozen object improves.
[0016]
In the invention, preferably, the output shaft of the expander is connected to the rotation shaft of the compressor, and the output of the expander is used for driving the compressor.
If comprised in this way, the motive power which generate | occur | produces by the expansion | swelling of the air in an expander can be collect | recovered as drive energy of a compressor, and the reduction of the operating cost of the frozen storage and thawing | decompression apparatus of to-be-frozen material is realizable.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, unless otherwise specified, the dimensions, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are merely illustrative examples and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0018]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a frozen storage / thawing apparatus for baking bread according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a frozen storage / thawing apparatus for baking bread according to the second embodiment.
[0019]
In FIG. 1 showing the first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to frozen storage and thawing of baked bread, a storage 12 is formed in a heat insulating wall 012, and is held at a low temperature so that a large number of baked breads 13 are inside. Contained.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a compressor that compresses air in an air cycle as will be described later, and has the same structure as a known refrigeration cycle compressor. Reference numeral 3 denotes a motor for driving the compressor 1, and a power connection / disconnection clutch 22 a and a transmission 22 b are interposed between the motor 3 and the compressor 1.
Reference numeral 39 denotes an air pipe that connects the inside of the storage 12 and the air inlet of the compressor 1.
31 is an air pipe connected to the pressurized air outlet of the compressor 1, 23 is a switching valve composed of a three-way valve with an inlet port connected to the air pipe 31, and 5 is pressurized by the compressor 1. A humidity adjusting device 20 for humidifying the pressurized air, and a heater 20 for heating the pressurized air pressurized by the compressor 1.
[0020]
031 is an air pipe provided with the heater 20, 32 is a bypass passage connecting the switching valve 23 and the air inlet of the humidity adjusting device 5, and one side of the outlet port of the switching valve 23 is the heater 20. Are connected to the bypass path 32 on the other side.
Reference numeral 40 denotes a humidifying pipe connected to the humidity adjusting device 5. The humidity adjusting device 5 is a humidifying fluid such as steam introduced through the humidifying pipe 40, and pressurizes air from the compressor 1 to a predetermined relative humidity. It comes to humidify. A humidifying fluid control valve 6 is provided in the humidifying pipe 40 and adjusts the passage area of the humidifying pipe 40 according to a control signal from the controller 11 described later.
[0021]
Reference numeral 7 denotes an air cooler capable of adjusting the temperature for cooling the humidified pressurized air from the humidity adjusting device 5. Reference numeral 41 denotes a cooling pipe connected to the air cooler 7, and the air cooler 7 is a cooling fluid introduced through the cooling pipe 41 to supply the pressurized air humidified from the humidity adjusting device 5 to a predetermined target temperature. It is designed to cool down.
06 is a cooling fluid control valve interposed in the pipe line of the cooling pipe 41, and adjusts the passage area of the pipe line of the cooling pipe 41 by a control signal from the controller 11 described later.
Reference numeral 2 denotes an expander that adiabatically expands the pressurized air that has passed through the air pipe 35 from the air cooler 7 to lower the temperature. The expander 2 is constituted by a known dry type expander such as an expansion turbine or a positive displacement expander including a screw expander.
An air pipe 38 connects the air outlet of the expander 2 and the storage 12.
[0022]
34 is an air pipe connecting the air outlet of the humidity adjusting device 5 and the air inlet of the air cooler 7, and 24 is a switching valve interposed in the air pipe 35.
The switching valve 24 is constituted by a three-way valve. The inlet port is connected to the air pipe 35 at the outlet of the air cooler 7, one side of the outlet port is connected to the expander 2, and the other side of the outlet port is connected via the bypass path 034. The air pipe 38 is connected to the outlet side of the expander 2.
In such a frozen bread storage / thawing device, cooling air is supplied from the compressor 1 to the storage 12 via the expander 2, and the recovered air in the storage 12 is returned to the suction port of the compressor 1. It constitutes an air cycle.
[0023]
14 is an internal humidity detector that detects the relative humidity in the storage 12, 15 is an internal temperature detector that detects the temperature in the storage 12, and 25 is a storage that detects the pressure in the storage 12. An internal pressure detector, 9 is an air pressure detector for detecting the pressurized air pressure on the outlet side of the humidity adjusting device 5, 09 is an air temperature detector for detecting the air temperature on the outlet side of the humidity adjusting device 5, 014 Is an air humidity detector for detecting the relative humidity on the outlet side of the humidity adjusting device 5, and 11 is a controller.
[0024]
The relative humidity detection value in the storage 12 from the internal humidity detector 14, the temperature detection value in the storage 12 from the internal temperature detector 15, and the pressure in the storage 12 from the internal pressure detector 25. The detected value, the detected air pressure value at the outlet of the humidity adjusting device 5 from the air pressure detector 9, the detected air relative humidity value at the outlet side of the humidity adjusting device 5, and the humidity adjusting device 5 from the air temperature detector 09 The detected air temperature value at the outlet is input to the controller 11.
Then, the controller 11 adjusts the opening degree (passage area) of the humidifying fluid control valve 6 and the cooling fluid control valve 06 based on the detection signals from the detectors by a method described later, and the switching valve 23. The switching valve 24 is controlled to be switched.
[0025]
The operation of the baked pan 13 housed in the storage 12 during frozen storage in the baked pan frozen storage / thawing device having such a configuration will be described.
When the clutch 22a is connected by the controller 11 (or by itself), the compressor 1 is driven by the motor 3 via the clutch 22a and the transmission 22b. The air sucked through 39 is pressurized to a high pressure.
On the other hand, the switching valve 23 is switched by the controller 11 so as to connect the air pipe 31 at the outlet of the compressor 1 and the bypass path 32 and to shut off the air pipe 31 and the air pipe 031 to the heater 20. Thus, the pressurized air is directly introduced into the humidity adjusting device 5 through the bypass path 32.
[0026]
A humidifying fluid such as steam is introduced into the humidity adjusting device 5 through the humidifying tube 40 and the humidifying fluid control valve 6. The humidifying fluid control valve 6 is controlled in opening degree by the controller 11 as follows to adjust the passage area of the humidifying pipe 40.
That is, the controller 11 calculates the absolute humidity at which the relative humidity becomes 100% from the pressure detection value and the temperature detection value in the storage 12, and calculates the absolute humidity in the storage and the outlet side of the humidity adjusting device 5. Compared with the absolute humidity of the humidity adjusting device 5 calculated from the detected air pressure value, the detected air temperature value, and the detected air relative humidity, the absolute humidity of the humidity adjusting device 5 is equal to the absolute humidity inside the box. The opening degree of the humidified fluid control valve 6 is adjusted.
As a result, the relative humidity in the storage 12 is always maintained at the target humidity, evaporation of water from the surface of the baking pan 13 and sublimation can be avoided, and the baking pan 1 can be stored frozen under stable air conditions. .
[0027]
Here, at the time of refrigerated storage, the controller 11 causes the switching valve 24 to connect the air pipe 35 at the outlet of the air cooler 7 and the expander 2 to the air pipe 35 and the air pipe 38 at the outlet of the expander 2. It is switched so as to shut off the bypass path 034.
The pressurized air humidified as described above is introduced into the air cooler 7. Cooling fluid is supplied to the air cooler 7 through the cooling pipe 41 and the cooling fluid control valve 06. The opening of the cooling fluid control valve 06 is controlled by the controller 11 to adjust the passage area of the pipe of the cooling pipe 41.
That is, the controller 11 compares the detected value of the internal temperature of the storage 12 input from the internal temperature detector 15 with the target internal temperature (the internal temperature of the storage 12), and the internal storage 12 The degree of cooling of the air cooler 7 is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the cooling fluid control valve 06 so that the inside temperature of the inside becomes the target inside temperature.
[0028]
The humidified pressurized air is cooled to a predetermined temperature by the air cooler 7 and then introduced into the expander 2 through the air pipe 35 and the switching valve 24. In the expander 2, the temperature is lowered to the internal temperature (the internal temperature of the storage 12) by reducing the pressure by applying an expansion work to the humidified pressurized air. The low-pressure, low-temperature humidified air lowered to the internal temperature is supplied into the storage 12 through the air pipe 38. Thereby, the baking pan 13 in the storage 12 is stored frozen at a predetermined humidity, temperature and pressure.
Further, the air in the storage 12 is returned to the suction port of the compressor 1 through the air pipe 39.
[0029]
As described above, in this embodiment, the air cooler 7 and the expander 2 are provided in series on the outlet side of the humidity adjusting device 5, and the humidified air is cooled in two stages by the air cooler 7 and the expander 2. In addition, by detecting the temperature in the storage 12 by the internal temperature detector 15 and performing feedback control by the controller 11, the cooling air at the target frozen storage temperature (usually −20 ° C. to −30 ° C.) is stabilized. And it becomes possible to supply quickly into the storage 12, and the inside of the storage 12 can always be kept at the target temperature.
[0030]
Next, the operation at the time of thawing the baking pan 13 accommodated in the storage 12 will be described.
At the time of thawing, the controller 11 connects the switching valve 23 to the air pipe 31 at the outlet of the compressor 1 and the air pipe 031 to the heater 20 and shuts off the air pipe 31 and the bypass path 32. Switch.
Further, the controller 11 connects the switching valve 24 between the air pipe 35 at the outlet of the air cooler 7 and the bypass path 034 to the outlet of the expander 2, and the air pipe 35 at the outlet of the air cooler 7 and the expander 2. Switch to shut off.
[0031]
Therefore, at the time of thawing, the pressurized air pressurized to a high pressure in the compressor 1 is introduced from the switching valve 23 through the air pipe 031 to the heater 20, and in the heater 20, the baking pan It is heated to a temperature that is equal to or higher than the delivery temperature from 13 storages 12.
Pressurized air that has passed through the heater 20 is humidified in the humidity adjusting device 5 in the same procedure as in the frozen storage, adjusted to a relative humidity of 100% by adjusting the temperature in the air cooler 7, and from the switching valve 24. The expander 2 is bypassed and supplied into the storage 12 and used for thawing the baking pan 13.
[0032]
Therefore, according to such an embodiment, the pressurized air pressurized to a high pressure by the compressor 1 of the air cycle is humidified to a predetermined relative humidity by the humidity adjusting device 5, and the humidified pressurized air is expanded. The temperature is lowered to a freezing temperature of 0 ° C. or less, preferably −20 ° C. to −30 ° C. by adiabatically expanding the pressurized air to a predetermined low pressure in the expander 2, and the cooling air is supplied to the baking pan 13. Is supplied into the storage 12 in which the storage pan 12 is stored, and by continuously supplying cooling air into the storage 12, the storage 12 is always kept at a predetermined freezing temperature and the baking pan 13 is stored frozen. It becomes possible.
[0033]
Therefore, according to this embodiment, the humidified pressurized air pressurized to a high pressure by the compressor 1 of the air cycle and humidified to a predetermined relative humidity by the humidity adjusting device 5 is adiabatically expanded by the expander 2 of the air cycle. Since the baking pan 13 can be cooled to the target refrigeration temperature of the baking pan 13 and supplied to the storage, and the baking pan 13 can be stored frozen, the baking pan 13 has a stable quality without evaporation or sublimation of moisture. Can be stored frozen.
Moreover, since the cooling air supplied into the storage 12 of baking bread is produced | generated by the air cycle using the compressor 1 and the expander 2 of air, generation | occurrence | production of the dew condensation in the expansion process of air can be suppressed, and condensed water can be suppressed. It is possible to prevent the generation of erosion of the cooling air generating device due to the above.
[0034]
In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a cold heat recovery device 8 is provided between the air pipe 35 at the outlet of the air cooler 7 and the air inlet of the expander 2, and the cold heat recovery device 8 is provided with the storage. Air that is returned from 12 to the suction port of the compressor through the air pipe 39 is introduced, and cold air from the storage 12 is supplied to the air at the outlet of the air cooler 7.
By comprising in this way, the cold of the collection | recovery air returned to the suction inlet of the compressor 1 from the said storage 12 can be utilized effectively for cooling of pressurized air, and the freezing heat efficiency of the baking pan 13 improves.
[0035]
In the second embodiment, the output shaft of the expander 2 is connected to the rotation shaft of the compressor 1 via the clutch 21a and the transmission 21b, and the output of the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 of the compressor 1. It is configured to be used for driving.
With this configuration, the power generated by the expansion of the air in the expander 2 can be recovered as the driving energy of the compressor 1, and the operation cost of the frozen storage / thawing device for the baking pan 13 can be reduced. it can.
Structures other than those described above are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals.
[0036]
In the above examples, the present invention is applied to a frozen storage and thawing apparatus for baking bread. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and frozen stored foods other than baking bread and chemicals that require frozen storage are used. Applicable to frozen storage and thawing devices such as
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the air from the compressor is bypassed by the air heater during the freezing operation of the object to be frozen by the switching means, and the first bypass path, the humidity adjusting device, and the expander Alternatively, both the expander and the air cooler are supplied in this order to the storage, and when the object to be frozen is thawed, the air from the compressor passes through the air heater and the humidity adjusting device in this order, Since the expander is bypassed and supplied to the storage through the second bypass passage, during the freezing operation of the object to be frozen, it is pressurized to a high pressure by an air cycle compressor and humidified to a predetermined humidity by a humidity adjusting device. The humidified pressurized air is cooled to the target refrigeration temperature of the object to be frozen including the baking pan, other foods and chemicals by adiabatic expansion in the expander of the air cycle, and supplied to the storage room to be frozen. Frozen It is possible that exists, the 該被 frozen food can be stored frozen me more than in the quality of stable and there is no evaporation or sublimation of moisture.
In addition, since the cooling air supplied into the storage pan of the baking pan is generated by an air cycle using an air compressor and an expander, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation in the expansion process of the air and to cool the air by condensed water. Generation | occurrence | production of the erosion of the apparatus for production | generation can be prevented, and durability of this apparatus for production | generation of cooling air can be kept high.
[0038]
Further, according to the present invention, when the object to be frozen is thawed, the air flow path of the air from the compressor is switched through the air heater and the humidity adjusting device by switching the switching means, and the expander is installed. Since the heated humidified air has only to be supplied to the storage by bypassing it and supplying it to the storage, it is only necessary to switch the air flow path to the storage by means of switching means equipped with a controller. Thawing can be performed easily in a short time, and the frozen object can be frozen and thawed freely under appropriate conditions.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a frozen storage / thawing device for baking bread according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a frozen storage / thawing apparatus for baked bread according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Expander 3 Motor 5 Humidity adjustment device 6 Humidification fluid control valve 06 Cooling fluid control valve 7 Air cooler 8 Cold heat recovery device 9 Air pressure detector 09 Air temperature detector 11 Controller 12 Storage 13 Baking pan 14 Warehouse Internal humidity detector 014 Air humidity detector 15 Internal temperature detector 20 Heater 21a, 22a 23, 24 Switching valve 25 Internal pressure detector 32, 034 Bypass path 31,031, 34, 35, 38, 39 Air pipe 40 Humidification pipe 41 Cooling pipe

Claims (4)

A cryopreservation / defrosting device that freezes and preserves frozen objects including baked bread, food and chemicals in a storage room kept at a low temperature, and supplies the cooling air to the storage room to defrost the frozen objects. in includes a humidity control apparatus for humidifying the compressed air pressurized by the compressor to a predetermined humidity, and expander to generate the cooling air the compressed air humidified by adiabatic expansion, and further wherein An air heater for heating air from the compressor provided in an air passage connecting an air outlet of the compressor and an air inlet of the humidity control device; and a first bypass passage for bypassing the air heater; A second bypass path that bypasses the expander, and the first bypass path, the humidity adjustment device, and the expansion by bypassing the air heater for the air from the compressor during the freezing operation of the object to be frozen Or the expander and Both of the air coolers are supplied to the storage through this order, and when the object to be frozen is thawed, the air from the compressor passes through the air heater and the humidity adjustment device in this order, and the expander is bypassed. And a switching means for supplying the storage to the storage through the second bypass path . The switching means includes: a first switching valve that switches between air passing through the air heater and air passing through the first bypass path; air passing through the expander or both the expander and the air cooler; A second switching valve that switches between air passing through the second bypass path, and a controller that switches between the first switching valve and the second switching valve in accordance with a freezing operation and a thawing operation of the object to be frozen. The frozen storage / thawing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: 2. A cold heat recovery device that cools the pressurized air on the outlet side of the humidity adjusting device with recovered air is provided in a recovery air passage that connects the storage and the suction port of the compressor. The frozen storage / thawing apparatus as described . 2. The cryopreservation / defrosting method according to claim 1, wherein an output shaft of the expander is connected to a rotation shaft of the compressor, and the output of the expander is used to drive the compressor. apparatus.

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