JP4075677B2 - Automatic accompaniment generator and program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment generating apparatus and program for analyzing music data that is performance information of music such as a melody and automatically generating accompaniment for the music based on the music data. In particular, even when using accompaniment styles with different numbers of accompaniment patterns that can be assigned to each section, an automatic accompaniment that can automatically generate an accompaniment that correctly reflects the tendency of the music in each section to rise The present invention relates to a generation device and a program.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 3327188
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent No. 2806351
Accompaniment style data is referred to when generating automatic accompaniment data required for performing automatic accompaniment in an electronic musical instrument, sequencer, or the like. The accompaniment style data is data defined assuming a performance style (accompaniment style) of a music genre such as rock or pop, and includes a plurality of types of accompaniment patterns (also referred to as section data). The accompaniment patterns included in the accompaniment style data include, for example, main section data such as “Main A”, “Main B”, and “Main C” that are mainly regularly played in the music, and intros in the music. There are intro section data such as “Intro A” and “Intro B” played in the part, and ending section data such as “Ending A” and “Ending B” played in the ending part of the music. Each accompaniment pattern includes, for example, setting information including the name (type) of the section data, the number of bars, and the like, and pattern data including a performance event and a sounding timing as a source of the actual accompaniment.
[0003]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an apparatus that automatically generates automatic accompaniment data and the like for performing accompaniment for a song based on analysis of song data that is performance information of a song such as a melody is known. For example, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the music data is analyzed, and the section data string in the automatic accompaniment data together with the chord progression string (that is, the section data constituting the music such as intro A, main A, and ending A). Can be automatically generated. Further, in the invention described in Patent Document 2, variation type determination that is data designation information for designating section data (accompaniment pattern) when music data is analyzed and the section data string is automatically generated. The section data defining the pattern data corresponding to the rising tendency of the music can be assigned from one or more section data that can be assigned to each section. For example, in the main section where two types of section data of “type A” and “type B” are prepared, two types of excitement tendencies of “normal” and “flash” are analyzed as a result of the analysis of music data. If detected, the section data “main A” of the variation type “type A” is detected for the main section when “normal” is detected, and the main section is detected when “flash” is detected for the variation type “type A”. Thus, the section data “main B” of the variation type “type B” is respectively assigned.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the number of accompaniment patterns (number of variation types) that can be assigned to each section type constituting the automatic accompaniment data differs for each accompaniment style. However, in the conventional automatic accompaniment generator, control is performed on the premise that the number of accompaniment patterns that can be assigned to each section type constituting the automatic accompaniment data is common to all accompaniment styles. When using accompaniment styles that differ in the number of accompaniment patterns that can be assigned to each section type, inconvenience arises. In other words, when using an accompaniment style with a different number of accompaniment patterns that can be assigned to each section, an accompaniment pattern corresponding to the variation type automatically assigned to the detected section was detected. There is a possibility that it does not match the trend of the song. If a variation-type accompaniment pattern that does not match the detected trend of the song is assigned, that is, depending on the style of accompaniment used, the auto accompaniment may not match the song's trend and the sharpness of the automatic accompaniment will change. Will occur. Also, it is inconvenient because the atmosphere of melody and automatic accompaniment is lost. For this reason, in the past, the user has to check the climax of each section of the accompaniment style that he / she wants to use and perform the operation in consideration of the accompaniment style to be used, or automatically assign the variation type. Later, the user had to perform individual changes to the accompaniment pattern of the variation type that was safe for hearing. However, it was troublesome and cumbersome for the user to perform such an operation. There was a point.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and even when using accompaniment styles in which the number of accompaniment patterns that can be assigned to each section is different, the number of types of swelling tendency of automatically detected songs is affected. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic accompaniment generating apparatus and program that can automatically generate an accompaniment that matches the atmosphere of a song.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The automatic accompaniment generator according to the present invention analyzes the song structure of the acquired song data. , Divide the music data into multiple sections And Split Each section Song analysis means for detecting the undulation of each song, wherein the undulation is information specifying any one of a plurality of undulation types, and accompaniment assigned to each section of the song for a plurality of accompaniment styles Accompaniment style storage means for storing a plurality of patterns corresponding to a plurality of variations, and depending on the accompaniment style, the number of variations in the accompaniment style may not match the number of undulation types, and the combination of variations is an accompaniment style. Depending on what you remember, Of the song each Should be assigned to the interval variation Specify Finger Constant information , Undulation of song type Variations defined for each Discount Allocation rules Write Remember Assignment rules Storage means Because , The allocation rule is stored for each combination type of a plurality of variations in each accompaniment style; Selecting means for selecting an accompaniment style to be used, and said selection Shi Accompaniment style Inside Variation Combination types and song sections Ups and downs type In response to the , Referring to the allocation rule storage means, Should be assigned to each leg variation Decide Accompaniment generation that generates accompaniment data corresponding to music data acquired using an accompaniment pattern corresponding to the determined variation Means and tools Prepare It is characterized by that.
[0007]
According to this invention , Ba Riot Discount Based on the allocation rules Combination types of variations within the selected accompaniment style, Of detected songs Of each section Undulation type In response to the ,Of the song Should be assigned to each leg variation Decide And generate accompaniment data corresponding to the music data acquired using the accompaniment pattern corresponding to the determined variation. To do. Variation Discount The allocation rules are , Of the song each Should be assigned to the interval variation Specify Finger Constant information on the undulation of the song type Data defined for each each Accompaniment style For each combination type of multiple variations Remembered. The accompaniment style storage means stores a plurality of accompaniment patterns assigned to each section of the music in association with a plurality of variations. This combination of variations (accompaniment pattern) varies depending on the accompaniment style. The song analysis means Analyzing the song structure of the obtained song data Easy The music data is divided into a plurality of sections, and the undulation of the music is detected for each of the divided sections. The undulation of the music to be detected is information for specifying any one of a plurality of undulation types. Here, depending on the combination of the acquired music data and the selected accompaniment style, the number of variations in the accompaniment style may not match the number of undulation types of music detected for each section in the music data. Even when the number of multiple accompaniment patterns (variations) included in these accompaniment styles differs from the number of types of undulations, the variation assigned to each section is stored for each combination type of multiple variations in each accompaniment style. The Riot Discount Based on allocation rules ,each Should be assigned to the interval variation Decide By doing , Generate automatic accompaniment data for accompaniment along the undulation of the song , In other words, accompaniment that correctly reflects the tendency of the song to rise in each section can be automatically generated.
[0008]
The present invention may be constructed and implemented not only as an apparatus invention but also as a method invention. Further, the present invention can be implemented in the form of a program of a processor such as a computer or a DSP, or can be implemented in the form of a storage medium storing such a program.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0010]
FIG. 1 is a hardware configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of the overall configuration of the automatic accompaniment generating apparatus according to the present invention. The hardware configuration example of the automatic accompaniment generating apparatus is configured by using a computer, in which predetermined music data is analyzed and accompaniment (specifically, automatic accompaniment data) that matches the atmosphere of the music based on the music data. The automatic generation process is performed by the computer executing software including a predetermined control program for realizing the “automatic accompaniment generation process”. As will be described later in detail, in the “automatic accompaniment generation process” (see FIG. 3), by analyzing predetermined music data, the section structure of the music is automatically determined to generate a section data string, and the tendency of the music to rise is detected. By determining the variation type of the accompaniment pattern (section data) to be assigned to each section of the section data string automatically determined from the variation type determination table (see FIG. 2) based on the detected tendency of the song to rise, Automatic accompaniment data necessary for performing automatic accompaniment is generated. At the time of actual accompaniment performance, the accompaniment pattern is automatically played by reading out the pattern data of the accompaniment pattern (section data) corresponding to each section arranged in the section data string order from the generated automatic accompaniment data. In this way, accompaniment that matches the atmosphere of a song such as a melody is automatically generated. Of course, such “automatic accompaniment generation processing” is not limited to the form of computer software, but can be implemented in the form of a microprogram processed by a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), and is not limited to the form of this type of program. Alternatively, the present invention may be implemented in the form of a dedicated hardware device configured to include a discrete circuit, an integrated circuit, a large-scale integrated circuit, or the like.
[0011]
The automatic accompaniment generator shown in this embodiment is controlled by a microcomputer comprising a microprocessor unit (CPU) 1, a read only memory (ROM) 2, and a random access memory (RAM) 3. The CPU 1 controls the operation of the entire automatic accompaniment generator. For this CPU 1, ROM 2, RAM 3, communication interface (I / F) 4, input operation unit 5, display unit 6, external storage device 7, and sound source 8 are respectively connected via a communication bus 1D (for example, data and address bus). It is connected. The ROM 2 stores various control programs executed or referred to by the CPU 1 (for example, automatic accompaniment generation processing (see FIG. 3 to be described later)) and various data (for example, variation type determination table (see FIG. 2 to be described later)). Store. The RAM 3 is used as a working memory for temporarily storing various data generated when the CPU 1 executes a predetermined program, or as a memory for temporarily storing a currently executing program and related data. The A predetermined address area of the RAM 3 is assigned to each function and used as a register, flag, table, memory, or the like.
[0012]
The communication interface (I / F) 4 is connected to, for example, a wired or wireless communication network such as a LAN, the Internet, or a telephone line, and is connected to the external device 4A or the like via the communication network. This is an interface for loading a control program and various data into the automatic accompaniment generator main body. Such a communication interface 4 may include both of them, not wired or wireless. The input operation unit 5 selects a target song (specifically song data) for generating an automatic accompaniment, sets a tone color and accompaniment style used for the accompaniment, or sets the number of types of climax of the song to be automatically detected. These are switches (operators) for performing various instructions. Of course, the input operation unit 5 includes various operators such as a numeric keypad for inputting numeric data, a keyboard for inputting character data, or a mouse used for operating a predetermined pointing device displayed on the display 6A. You may go out. The display unit 6 displays a list of accompaniment style names, song names attached to song data, variation type determination tables, etc. on a display 6A composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display panel (LCD) or a CRT, and the control state of the CPU 1 Various information such as is displayed.
[0013]
The external storage device 7 stores a control program, various data, and the like, similar to the ROM 2 described above. When the control program is not stored in the ROM 2, the control program is stored in the external storage device 7 (for example, a hard disk) and read into the RAM 3 to store the control program in the ROM 2. A similar operation can be performed by the CPU 1. In this way, control programs can be easily added and upgraded. The external storage device 7 is not limited to a hard disk (HD), but a flexible disk (FD), a compact disk (CD-ROM / CD-RAM), a magneto-optical disk (MO), a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), etc. It may be a storage device that uses various external recording media. Alternatively, a semiconductor memory or the like may be used.
[0014]
The sound source 8 can simultaneously generate music signals on a plurality of channels, and inputs various performance information such as music data and automatic accompaniment data given via the communication bus 1D, and based on the performance information. Generate a musical tone signal. A musical sound signal generated from the sound source 8 is generated from a sound system 8A including an amplifier and a speaker. A predetermined effect may be applied to the musical sound signal generated from the sound source 8 using an effect circuit or the like (not shown). The music data and automatic accompaniment data may be digitally encoded such as the MIDI format, or may be a waveform sample data system such as PCM, DPCM, or ADPCM. Any conventional configuration may be used for the configuration of the sound source 8 and the sound system 8A. For example, the sound source 8 may employ any of various tone synthesis methods such as FM, PCM, physical model, formant synthesis, etc., or may be constituted by dedicated hardware, or by software processing by the CPU 1. Also good.
[0015]
The automatic accompaniment generator described above is not limited to the input operation unit 5, the display 6A, the sound source 8, and the like built in one apparatus body, but each is configured separately, and communication means such as a MIDI interface and various networks are provided. Needless to say, the apparatus may be configured to be connected to each other. Furthermore, the apparatus to which the automatic accompaniment generating apparatus according to the present invention is applied may be any device / equipment such as an electronic musical instrument, a personal computer, a portable communication terminal such as a PDA or a mobile phone, or a karaoke apparatus or a game apparatus. You may apply. When applied to a portable communication terminal, not only when a predetermined function is completed with only the terminal, but also a part of the function is provided on the server side, and the predetermined function is realized as a whole system composed of the terminal and the server. You may make it do.
[0016]
Next, a plurality of data stored in advance in the ROM 2, RAM 3, external storage device 7, etc., and referred to when determining the variation type of the accompaniment pattern (section data) to be assigned to each section at the time of automatic accompaniment data generation. A certain variation type determination table will be described. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the data structure of the variation type determination table. This variation type determination table is prepared for each number of types of climax of music, such as preset ones and those set by the user. For example, there are two types of song climax, “normal” and “flashy”, and four types of “weak”, “normal”, “flashy”, and “strong” A variation type determination table corresponding to the number of types is prepared in advance. In FIG. 2 shown here, the variation type determination table corresponding to the case where the number of types of climax of music is “normal” and “flashy” is shown as an example.
[0017]
As can be understood from FIG. 2, the variation type determination table can be used for each section type (here, intro, main, ending, fill-in) included in the section type group type for each type of climax of the song. This is data defining a variation type, which is data designation information for designating an accompaniment pattern to be actually allocated from the accompaniment patterns. The section type group type is a combination of accompaniment patterns that can be used in a predetermined accompaniment style. For example, four section type group types from type 1 to type 4 are assigned so as to correspond to each accompaniment style. In this embodiment, the accompaniment patterns included in section type group type 1 are intro A / B, main A / B, fill-in AA / AB / BA / BB, and ending A / B for each section type. The accompaniment patterns included in Type 2 are Intro A / B / C, Main A / B / C / D, Fill-in AA / BB / CC / DD / BA, and Ending A / B / C. Accompaniment patterns included are intro A, main A / B, fill-in AB / BA, and ending A. Accompaniment patterns included in section type group type 4 are intro A, main A, fill-in AA, and ending A. Therefore, for example, when the section type group type corresponding to the accompaniment pattern is type 3 described above, only intro A for the intro section, either main A or main B for the main section, This means an accompaniment pattern in which either fill-in AB or fill-in BA can be assigned to the fill-in section, and only ending A can be assigned to the ending section.
[0018]
By the way, as already mentioned, depending on the accompaniment style, if the variation type automatically assigned to the section detected at the time of automatic accompaniment generation is used as it is, an accompaniment pattern that does not match the climax of the song is assigned. There is a possibility. Therefore, in the automatic accompaniment generating device shown in FIG. 1, the variation type determination table is referred to based on the combination of the song swell and the section type detected by analyzing the song data, and the song swells. Which accompaniment pattern should be assigned from among the accompaniment patterns included in each section type group type is determined as the accompaniment pattern along. That is, according to the selection of the accompaniment pattern to be used, one section type group type is determined from among type 1 to type 4, and the accompaniment pattern included in the determined section type group type is assigned to each section type. Be able to. For example, in the case of the section type group type 2, when the excitement tendency is “normal”, “intro B” in intro A / B / C, “main B” in main A / B / C / D, ending Of A / B / C, “Ending B” is assigned, and “Intro B”, “Main C”, and “Ending B” are assigned when the rising tendency is “Flashy”. On the other hand, in the case of the section type group type 3, “Intro A”, “Main A”, “Ending A” when the rising tendency is “Normal”, and “Intro A” when the rising tendency is “Flashy”. ”,“ Main B ”, and“ Ending A ”. In this way, by referring to the variation type determination table, it is possible to assign an appropriate accompaniment pattern in each accompaniment style according to the climax of the song.
[0019]
It should be noted that the number and types of section type group types and accompaniment patterns (variation types) included in each section type group type or the tendency of music to swell are not limited to those of the above-described embodiments. Further, it goes without saying that the section type group type, the variation type, or the number and type of the climax of the song may be defined differently for each variation type determination table.
The variation type determination table may be prepared for each section type group type.
[0020]
In the automatic accompaniment generating apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the music data selected by the user is analyzed, and a section data string of automatic accompaniment data is automatically generated based on the analysis result, and the section data is recorded during actual accompaniment performance. By referring to the accompaniment pattern for each section according to the sequence, the accompaniment that matches the atmosphere of the music of the selected music data can be automatically played. The automatic accompaniment generation process for generating the automatic accompaniment data necessary for performing the automatic accompaniment suitable for the atmosphere of such a song is a predetermined program (see FIG. 1) in which the CPU 1 of the automatic accompaniment generation apparatus shown in FIG. This is implemented by executing software. The processing operation of this “automatic accompaniment generation process” will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of “automatic accompaniment generation processing”. Hereinafter, the processing operation of the processing will be described according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
[0021]
In step S1, user settings are made. The user settings performed here include, for example, specification of a timbre used in accompaniment, setting of an accompaniment style to be used, selection of music data as a target to be accompanied by automatic accompaniment, and the like. In addition to the above, the user settings may include appropriate settings for changing the data contents of the variation type determination table and adding data (for example, setting the number of types of climax tendency). In step S2, the section type group type is detected from the accompaniment style to be used. That is, one section type group type corresponding to the accompaniment style to be used set in step S1 is determined. For example, when “Jazz” is set as the accompaniment style, the section type group type 2 is used, and when “Drum” is set as the accompaniment style, the section type group type 4 is used. The section type group type corresponding to the accompaniment style is determined.
[0022]
In step S3, the section information sequence is automatically detected by analyzing the music data selected as the target to which automatic accompaniment is added in step S1, and generation of automatic accompaniment data is started. Since automatic detection of the section information sequence by analysis of the music data may be performed by any known method, description thereof is omitted here. The section information column that is automatically detected here includes location information related to the placement position (start position / end position) of the section, section type (intro section, main section, ending section, fill-in section, etc.) Various information is included. In step S4, it is determined whether the variation type determination table corresponds to the section type group type detected in step S2. That is, by automatically detecting the number of types of music climax in step S3, from among a plurality of variation type determination tables prepared in advance so as to correspond to the number of types of music climax. One variation type determination table corresponding to the number of types of rising tendency of the automatically detected music is determined. Then, it is determined whether or not the section type group type detected in step S2 is included in the section type group type of the determined variation type determination table.
[0023]
If it is determined that the variation type determination table does not correspond to the section type group type (NO in step S4), the section type group type that can be substituted from the section type group types supported by the variation type determination table Is detected (step S5). For example, when the detected section type group type is type 5, while the section type group type included in the variation type determination table is type 1 to type 4 and does not include type 5. Among the types 1 to 4 included in the variation type determination table, those that can be substituted for type 5 are determined as section type group types.
[0024]
Automatic accompaniment data is completed by determining the accompaniment pattern to be assigned to each section based on the information determined as described above. The processes in step S6 and step S7, which are subsequently performed from step S1 to step S5, are performed for each section information. In step S6, with reference to the section type group type of the variation type determination table, the accompaniment pattern variation type to be assigned to the section is determined according to the section type in the section information and the automatically detected climax of the song. In step S7, the accompaniment style, the section type, and the accompaniment pattern of the determined variation type are arranged at predetermined positions based on the position information in the section information, thereby completing automatic accompaniment data.
[0025]
In the embodiment described above, the variation type determination table is prepared. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the variation type may be determined by an algorithm. When the algorithm determines, for example, when there are two types of song climax and the number of accompaniment style variations used is four, it is classified into two types of quiet performances and two types of lively performances. For example, one of two types of quiet performances is assigned to “normal”, and one of two types of live performances is assigned to “quiet”. Discrimination between a quiet performance and a lively performance may be made from a variation type, or may be analyzed from timbre information or note information in an accompaniment pattern assigned to each section. On the other hand, if the number of types of climax of the song is greater than the number of variation types, the variation type of the remaining trend section may be determined as the default one.
In the above-described embodiment, the types of sections automatically detected are the intro section, the main section, the ending section, and the fill-in section. You may make it detect automatically selectively.
In the embodiment described above, the position information is included in the automatically detected section information. However, the position of each section may be determined in advance. For example, the music data may be divided in advance for each predetermined section, and the section type and the variation type may be automatically determined when one section is arranged for each section.
[0026]
The format of music data and automatic accompaniment data is “event + relative time”, which shows the time of occurrence of each event as the time from the previous event, and the time of occurrence of the event as absolute time in the music or measure. "Event + absolute time", "pitch (note) + note length" expressed in terms of note pitch and note length or rest and rest length, memory area for each minimum performance resolution, Any format such as a “solid method” in which an event is stored in a memory area corresponding to the time at which the event occurs may be used.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the variation type determination table storing the accompaniment patterns to be allocated among the accompaniment patterns that can be used in advance is stored for each tendency of excitement of the music, Since accompaniment patterns (variation types) are assigned to sections, even when accompaniment styles with different numbers of accompaniment patterns that can be assigned to each section are used, the number of types of climax tendencies that are automatically detected Regardless of this, it is possible to automatically generate accompaniment that matches the atmosphere of the song.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware configuration showing an embodiment of the overall configuration of an automatic accompaniment generator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a data structure of a variation type determination table.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of automatic accompaniment generation processing.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... CPU, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4 ... Communication interface, 4A ... External device, 5 ... Input operation part, 6 ... Display part, 6A ... Display, 7 ... External storage device, 8 ... Sound source, 8A ... Sound System, 1D ... communication bus

Claims (2)

Analyzes the music structure obtained music data, while dividing the music piece data into a plurality of sections, a music analyzing means for detecting the undulation of the songs to each section divided, the undulating plurality of undulations Information that identifies one of the types,
Accompaniment style storage means for storing a plurality of accompaniment patterns assigned to each section of a song in association with a plurality of variations for each of a plurality of accompaniment styles, wherein the number of variations in the accompaniment style depends on the number of the undulation types. With different combinations of variations depending on the accompaniment style,
The specified information that specifies the variations that should be assigned to each section of the song, a allocation rule storage means for the VARIATION allocation rules defined in the undulating type each song remembers to the allocation rule each What is stored for each combination type of multiple variations in the accompaniment style,
A selection means for selecting an accompaniment style to be used;
Combination type VARIATION of said selected within accompaniment styles, depending on the undulating type of each segment of the song, by referring to the allocation rule storage means, to determine the variations to be allocated for each section, is determined automatic accompaniment generating apparatus according to claim ingredients Bei to Rukoto the accompaniment generating means for generating an accompaniment data corresponding to the music data obtained using an accompaniment pattern corresponding to the variation were. When the accompaniment generation means refers to the assignment rule storage means, if the combination type of variations in the selected accompaniment style does not match any of the combination types of variations stored in the assignment rule storage means, 2. The automatic accompaniment generator according to claim 1, wherein a variation to be allocated to each section is determined by substituting any combination of variations stored in the allocation rule storage means.

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