JP4075289B2 - Induction machine - Google Patents

Description

図４に戻り、渦電流は、連結板より抵抗率の小さい導電板の方に流れ易く、また、クロスバーより抵抗率の小さいクロス板の方に流れ易い。したがって、図４における短絡導体は導電板と上下フレームとで環状に形成されたものとなり、短絡部はクロス板と短絡導体とで環状に形成されたものとなる。図４の短絡導体および短絡部の周回抵抗は図３の場合と比べて小さいので、そこに誘起される渦電流が大きくなる。それに伴って、図４における３相３脚鉄心の鋼板に誘起される渦電流が、図３の場合と比べて少なくなり、変圧器の大電流化が可能になる。
【００４３】
図６は、鉄心に誘起される渦電流が導電板の有無によってどのように変わるかを図２２の変圧器について計算した結果を示す棒グラフ図である。計算において、導電板が無い場合は図１６の構成とし、導電板が有る場合は図４の構成とした。図１６における連結板および上下フレームはいずれも鉄材より構成され、各連結板の上下端は全て上下フレームへ導電接続されている。一方、図４における導電板はいずれも銅材より構成されるとともに、上下フレームはいずれも鉄材より構成され、各導電板の上下端は全て上下フレームに導電接続されている。図６の縦軸には渦電流の比が目盛られ、導電板が無い場合の図２２における主脚６Ｃに誘起される渦電流値を１とした場合に、各主脚６Ａ，６Ｂ，６Ｃに誘起されるそれぞれの渦電流の比が示されている。図６より、導電板が設けられたことにより、各主脚６Ａ，６Ｂ，６Ｃに誘起される渦電流の比が小さくなっていることが分かる。この計算によって、導電板の介装によって鉄心の鋼板に誘起される渦電流が少なくなることが確かめられた。
【００４４】
図７は、短絡導体に誘起される渦電流が導電板の有無によってどのように変わるかを図２２の変圧器について計算した結果を示す棒グラフ図である。計算においては、図６における計算条件と同様に、導電板が無い場合は図１６の構成とし、導電板が有る場合は図４の構成とした。図１６における連結板および上下フレームはいずれも鉄材より構成され、各連結板の上下端は全て上下フレームに導電接続されている。一方、図４における導電板はいずれも銅材より構成されるとともに、上下フレームはいずれも鉄材より構成され、各導電板の上下端は全て上下フレームに導電接続されている。図７の縦軸には短絡導体に誘起される渦電流の比が目盛られ、連結板８Ａに沿って設けられた導電板８０Ａに誘起される渦電流値を１とした場合に、各短絡導体に誘起される渦電流の比が示されている。すなわち、導電板が無い場合は、図１６における連結板８Ａ，９Ａ，１０Ａに誘起される渦電流の比が縦軸に示され、導電板がある場合は、図４における導電板８０Ａ，９０Ａ，１００Ａに誘起される渦電流の比が示されている。図７より、導電板が設けられたことにより、各短絡導体に誘起される渦電流の比が大きくなっていることが分かる。この計算によって、導電板の介装によって短絡導体に誘起される渦電流が大きくなることが確かめられた。
【００４５】
図８は、鉄心および短絡導体に誘起される渦電流の損失が導電板の有無によってどのように変わるかを図２２の変圧器について計算した結果を示す棒グラフ図である。計算においては、図６における計算条件と同様に、導電板が無い場合は図１６の構成とし、導電板が有る場合は図４の構成とした。図１６における連結板および上下フレームはいずれも鉄材より構成され、各連結板の上下端は全て上下フレームに導電接続されている。一方、図４における導電板はいずれも銅材より構成されるとともに、上下フレームはいずれも鉄材より構成され、各導電板の上下端は全て上下フレームに導電接続されている。図８の縦軸には鉄心または短絡導体に誘起される渦電流の損失の比が目盛られ、導電板が無い構成における鉄心に誘起される渦電流値を１とした場合に、鉄心および短絡導体に誘起される損失の比が示されている。図８より、導電板が設けられたことにより、鉄心および短絡導体の損失が小さくなっていることが分かる。したがって、導電板の介装によって変圧器の効率が向上する。
【００４６】
なお、図４の実施例において、かならずしも、導電板を鉄心の鋼板積層方向の両側に配する必要はない。鋼板積層方向の一方側、すなわち、低圧巻線の電流リードが設けられた側だけに導電板を配する構成としてもよい。また、図４の実施例において、クロス板も、必ずしも配する必要はない。それは、鉄心の鋼板幅広方向の側面から電流リードによって形成された磁束が少ししか侵入しない場合は、クロスバー１１Ａ，１１Ｂだけで充分であるためである。また、図４における導電板は、必ずしも上下フレームと連結板との間に介装する必要ない。導電板を連結板の反上下フレーム側の沿わせる構成としてもよい。その場合、導電板と上下フレームとが互いに導電接続されていればよい。
【００４７】
図９は、この発明のさらに異なる実施例にかかる変圧器の上下フレームと連結板とクロスバーとの構成を示す一部破砕斜視図である。連結板８Ａ，９Ａ，１０Ａと、上フレーム４Ａ・下フレーム５Ａとの間に銅材あるいはアルミニウム材よりなる枠体２３が介装されている。
図１０は、図９の枠体２３の構成を示す斜視図である。枠体２３が２本の水平枠部２３Ａと、この水平枠部２３Ａの間に垂直に渡された３本の垂直枠部２３Ｂとからなり、水平枠部２３Ａと垂直枠部２３Ｂとが一体に形成されている。水平枠部２３Ａはそれぞれ図９の上フレーム４Ａと下フレーム５Ａに沿わされ、垂直枠部２３Ｂはそれぞれ図９の連結板８Ａ，９Ａ，１０Ａに沿わされる。図９のその他は、図４の構成と同じである。枠体２３が短絡導体となり、しかも、その抵抗率が全周に渡って小さくなるので、鉄心に誘導される渦電流が図４の場合より小さくなるとともに、鉄心および短絡導体（枠体２３）に流れる渦電流の損失も図４の場合より小さくなる。それによって、変圧器のさらなる大容量化が可能になるとともに、変圧器の効率もさらに向上する。
【００４８】
なお、図９の実施例において、もう一つの枠体を連結板８Ｂ，９Ｂ，１０Ｂと、上フレーム４Ｂ・下フレーム５Ｂとの間に介装してもよい。それによって、鋼板積層方向の両側から磁束が侵入してくる場合に有効になる。また、図９の実施例において、図４のようなクロス板をクロスバー１１Ａ，１１Ｂに並行に設けてもよい。それによって、鉄心の鋼板幅広方向の側面から磁束が侵入してくる場合に有効になる。
【００４９】
さらに、図４および図９の実施例において、導電板およびクロス板の太さの決定に当たっては、渦電流の表皮効果を充分に考慮して置く必要がある。すなわち、渦電流は材料の表面近傍だけを流れようとし、材料の表面から奥へ行くにしたがって流れ難くなる。渦電流の浸透深さはその材料と渦電流の周波数によって異なる。浸透深さとは、材料の表面に流れる電流値に対して６３．３％の電流値にまで減少する深さと定義されている。商用周波数の場合、鉄の浸透深さは約１ｍｍ、銅の浸透深さは約１０ｍｍ、アルミニウムの浸透深さは約１３ｍｍである。したがって、鉄材の場合は構造材として厚さが１０ｍｍ程度のものが使用されるが、抵抗値をさらに下げようとして短絡導体の厚みを増してもその浸透深さが１ｍｍ程度なので、渦電流を流し易くするには殆ど効果がない。一方、銅やアルミニウムの場合は、その厚さが１０ｍｍ程度になるような太さのものを選択することによって、充分に渦電流を浸透させることができるとともに、その抵抗率も表１で示されたように小さいので、渦電流の非常に流れ易い短絡導体や短絡部を形成することができる。
【００５０】
なお、図１ないし図１０の実施例は、電流リードの構成が図１７の場合とは異なる構成である図２２や図２３の変圧器の場合にも適用することができ、いずれの場合も３相３脚鉄心に誘起される渦電流を低減させ火花が発生しないようにすることができる。
また、この発明に適用される変圧器の中身構成は、図１９，図２２および図２３に示されるような高圧巻線１Ｕ，２Ｖ，３Ｗの内側にそれぞれ低圧巻線１ｕ，２ｖ，３ｗが巻回されてなる構成に限定されるものでなく、高圧巻線の外側に低圧巻線が巻回されてなる構成であってもよい。
【００５１】
また、上述の各実施例では、いずれも３相３脚鉄心の変圧器にこの発明を適用した構成を説明したが、この発明は、このような３相３脚鉄心の変圧器に限定されるものではなく、それ以外の鉄心構成，例えば，３相５脚鉄心あるいは単相２脚鉄心の変圧器にも適用することができる。
図２６は、従来のさらに異なる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板，クロスバーの電気的な接続状態を示す斜視図であり、３本の主脚からなる鉄心中央部の両側にそれぞれ帰路脚を備えてなる３相５脚鉄心の構成の変圧器のフレーム，連結板およびクロスバーの電気的な接続状態を示すものである。この図２６の構成では、鉄心中央部の３本の主脚の手前側および奥行き側の鋼板面にそれぞれ沿うように配される連結板２０８Ａ，２０８Ｂ，２０９Ａ，２０９Ｂ，２１０Ａ，２１０Ｂ、両端の２本の帰路脚の手前側および奥行き側の鋼板面にそれぞれ沿うように配される連結板２２１Ａ，２２１Ｂ，２２２Ａ，２２２Ｂ、上フレーム２０４Ａ，２０４Ｂ、下フレーム２０５Ａ，２０５Ｂ、上部のクロスバー２１１Ａ，２１１Ｂ、および、下部のクロスバー２１２Ａ，２１２Ｂ，２１２Ｃの間の各接合個所の内、手前側の連結板２０８Ａ，２０９Ａ，２１０Ａの下端部と下フレーム２０５Ａとが絶縁され、奥行き側の連結板２０８Ｂ，２０９Ｂの下端部と下フレーム２０５Ｂとが絶縁され、クロスバー２１１Ａの上フレーム２０４Ａ側と上フレーム２０４Ａとが絶縁され、クロスバー２１２Ａ，２１２Ｂの下フレーム２０５Ａ側と下フレーム２０５Ａとが絶縁され、下フレーム２０５Ａが両端側の接合箇所２３１Ａ，２３３Ａにおいて鉄心中央部側の下フレーム部２０５ＡＣと帰路脚側の下フレーム部２０５ＡＬ，２０５ＡＲとに分離され互いに電気的に絶縁され、下フレーム２０５Ｂが両端側の接合箇所２３１Ｂ，２３３Ｂにおいて鉄心中央部側の下フレーム部２０５ＢＣと帰路脚側の下フレーム部２０５ＢＬ，２０５ＢＲとに分離され互いに電気的に絶縁されているとともに、他の接合箇所では導電接続されている。このような図２６の構成は、上下フレームと連結板とクロスバーとを完全に接地するとともに、上下フレームや連結板，クロスバーに環状の短絡回路が形成されないようにして、上下フレームや連結板に渦電流が発生しないようにしたものであるが、上下フレームと連結板とで環状の短絡回路が形成されないことにより、３相５脚鉄心を貫通する磁束を遮蔽することができず、鉄心に渦電流が発生する。
【００５２】
図１１は、この発明のさらに異なる実施例にかかる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的な接続状態を示す斜視図である。この図１１の実施例は３相５脚鉄心の変圧器にこの発明を適用したものであり、図２６に示される従来の３相５脚鉄心の変圧器の構成において電気的に絶縁されていた接合箇所も導電接続するようにしたものである。図１１のその他は、図２６の構成と同じであり、図２６と同じ部分は同一参照符号を付けている。図１１において、３相５脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の手前側の連結板２０８Ａ，２０９Ａ，２１０Ａ，２２１Ａ，２２２Ａの上下両端部がそれぞれ上フレーム２０４Ａと下フレーム２０５Ａとに導電接続されているとともに、鉄心の鋼板積層方向の奥行き側の連結板２０８Ｂ，２０９Ｂ，２１０Ｂ，２２１Ｂ，２２２Ｂの上下両端部もそれぞれ上フレーム２０４Ｂと下フレーム２０５Ｂとに導電接続されている。さらに、クロスバー２１１Ａ，２１１Ｂの上フレーム２０４Ａ側が共に上フレーム２０４Ａと導電接続されているとともに、クロスバー２１１Ａ，２１１Ｂの上フレーム４Ｂ側も共に上フレーム２０４Ｂと導電接続されている。また、クロスバー２１２Ａ，２１２Ｂ、２１２Ｃの下フレーム５Ａ側が全て下フレーム２０５Ａと導電接続されているとともに、クロスバー２１２Ａ，２１２Ｂ，２１２Ｃの下フレーム２０５Ｂ側も全て下フレーム２０５Ｂと導電接続されている。また、下フレーム２０５Ａ，２０５Ｂは、それぞれの両端側の接合箇所２３１Ａ，２３３Ａおよび２３１Ｂ，２３３Ｂにおいて、図２６の構成のように鉄心中央部側の下フレーム部と帰路脚側の下フレーム部とに分離されるのではなく、鉄心中央部側の下フレーム部と帰路脚側の下フレーム部とが導電接続されるように構成されている。なお、下フレーム２０５Ｂは接地Ｅに接続されている。このように、図１１の構成では、上下フレームと連結板とクロスバーとの接合箇所が全て導電接続されている。
【００５３】
図１１の構成において、３相５脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の手前側では、連結板２０８Ａと上フレーム２０４Ａと連結板２０９Ａと下フレーム２０５Ａとで電気的に短絡された環状の第１の短絡導体が形成されているとともに、連結板２０９Ａと上フレーム２０４Ａと連結板２１０Ａと下フレーム２０５Ａとで第２の短絡導体が形成されており、さらに、連結板２２１Ａと上フレーム２０４Ａと連結板２０８Ａと下フレーム２０５Ａとで第３の短絡導体が形成され、連結板２１０Ａと上フレーム２０４Ａと連結板２２２Ａと下フレーム２０５Ａとで第４の短絡導体が形成されている。これら４つの短絡導体が図示されていない３相５脚鉄心の４つの鉄心窓の手前側の外周をそれぞれ周回している。そのために、図示されていない電流リードに流れる電流によって形成された磁束がこの短絡導体を貫通するようになり、各短絡導体に例えば矢印で示すように環状の渦電流Ｉが流れる。この渦電流Ｉによって、図示されていない３相５脚鉄心を貫通しようとする磁束が遮蔽される。そのために、３相５脚鉄心の鋼板には渦電流が流れ難くなる。
【００５４】
また、３相５脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の奥行き側でも、連結板２０８Ｂと上フレーム２０４Ｂと連結板２０９Ｂと下フレーム２０５Ｂとで電気的に短絡された環状の第５の短絡導体が形成されているとともに、連結板２０９Ｂと上フレーム２０４Ｂと連結板２１０Ｂと下フレーム２０５Ｂとで第６の短絡導体が形成されており、さらに、連結板２２１Ｂと上フレーム２０４Ｂと連結板２０８Ｂと下フレーム２０５Ｂとで第７の短絡導体が形成され、連結板２１０Ｂと上フレーム２０４Ｂと連結板２２２Ｂと下フレーム２０５Ｂとで第８の短絡導体が形成されていて、これら４つの短絡導体が図示されていない３相５脚鉄心の４つの鉄心窓の奥行き側の外周をそれぞれ周回している。このため、図１１の構成は、電流リードからの磁束が３相５脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の両側から侵入するような場合にも効果があり、電流リードが３相５脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の両側に配され，いずれの電流リードにも大電流が流れる場合などに好適である。
【００５５】
また、図１１の構成では、クロスバー２１１Ａ，２１１Ｂの上フレーム２０４Ａ側が上フレーム２０４Ａと導電接続され、さらに、クロスバー２１２Ａ，２１２Ｂ，２１２Ｃの下フレーム２０５Ａ側が下フレーム２０５Ａと導電接続されている。それによって、クロスバー２１１Ａと連結板２０８Ａとクロスバー２１２Ａと連結板２０８Ｂとで一つの短絡部が形成されるとともに、クロスバー２１１Ｂと連結板２１０Ａとクロスバー２１２Ｃと連結板２１０Ｂとでもう一つの短絡部が形成されている。なお、クロスバーと連結板とが直接固定されておらず、それぞれが上下フレームの異なる箇所に固定されている構成であっても、クロスバーと連結板とを上下フレームを介して電気的に導電接続するようにしておけば、短絡部を形成することができる。すなわち、短絡部はクロスバーと短絡導体とでもって形成される。
【００５６】
３相５脚鉄心において、電流リードによって誘起される磁束は、巻線が巻回された３本の主脚からなる鉄心中央部の左右方向からも貫通しようとするが、その際、クロスバーと短絡導体とで形成された短絡部に渦電流Ｉが流れるので、磁束が鉄心中央部に入り難くなる。それによって、鉄心に誘起される渦電流をさらに小さくすることができる。これにより、低圧巻線にさらに大きな電流を流すことができ、変圧器のさらなる大容量化が可能になる。
【００５７】
なお、上述の図１１の実施例では、図３の実施例と同様な、上下フレームと連結板とクロスバーとの接合箇所が全て導電接続されている構成としているが、この代わりに、図２の実施例と同様な、３相５脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の両側に短絡導体が配されるとともに鉄心中央部の左右方向両側には短絡部が形成されない構成としてもよく、また、電流リードが３相５脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の片側にのみ配され，電流リードからの磁束が３相５脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の片側のみから侵入するような場合には、図１の実施例と同様な、３相５脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の片側のみに短絡導体が配される構成としてもよい。
【００５８】
図２７は、従来のさらに異なる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板，クロスバーの電気的な接続状態を示す斜視図であり、２本の主脚を備えてなる単相２脚鉄心の構成の変圧器のフレーム，連結板およびクロスバーの電気的な接続状態を示すものである。この図２７の構成では、２本の主脚の手前側および奥行き側の鋼板面にそれぞれ沿うように配される連結板３０８Ａ，３０８Ｂ，３０９Ａ，３０９Ｂ、上フレーム３０４Ａ，３０４Ｂ、下フレーム３０５Ａ，３０５Ｂ、上部のクロスバー３１１Ａ，３１１Ｂ、および、下部のクロスバー３１２Ａ，３１２Ｂの間の各接合個所の内、手前側の連結板３０８Ａ，３０９Ａの下端部と下フレーム３０５Ａとが絶縁され、奥行き側の連結板３０８Ｂの下端部と下フレーム３０５Ｂとが絶縁され、クロスバー３１１Ａの上フレーム３０４Ａ側と上フレーム３０４Ａとが絶縁され、クロスバー３１２Ａの下フレーム３０５Ａ側と下フレーム３０５Ａとが絶縁されているとともに、他の接合箇所では導電接続されている。このような図２６の構成は、上下フレームと連結板とクロスバーとを完全に接地するとともに、上下フレームや連結板，クロスバーに環状の短絡回路が形成されないようにして、上下フレームや連結板に渦電流が発生しないようにしたものであるが、上下フレームと連結板とで環状の短絡回路が形成されないことにより、単相２脚鉄心を貫通する磁束を遮蔽することができず、鉄心に渦電流が発生する。
【００５９】
図１2は、この発明のさらに異なる実施例にかかる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的な接続状態を示す斜視図である。この図１２の実施例は単相２脚鉄心の変圧器にこの発明を適用したものであり、図２７に示される従来の単相２脚鉄心の変圧器の構成において電気的に絶縁されていた接合箇所も導電接続するようにしたものである。図１２のその他は、図２７の構成と同じであり、図２７と同じ部分は同一参照符号を付けている。図１２において、単相２脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の手前側の連結板３０８Ａ，３０９Ａの上下両端部がそれぞれ上フレーム３０４Ａと下フレーム３０５Ａとに導電接続されているとともに、鉄心の鋼板積層方向の奥行き側の連結板３０８Ｂ，３０９Ｂの上下両端部もそれぞれ上フレーム３０４Ｂと下フレーム３０５Ｂとに導電接続されている。さらに、クロスバー３１１Ａ，３１１Ｂの上フレーム３０４Ａ側が共に上フレーム３０４Ａと導電接続されているとともに、クロスバー３１１Ａ，３１１Ｂの上フレーム３０４Ｂ側も共に上フレーム３０４Ｂと導電接続されている。また、クロスバー３１２Ａ，３１２Ｂの下フレーム３０５Ａ側が全て下フレーム３０５Ａと導電接続されているとともに、クロスバー３１２Ａ，３１２Ｂの下フレーム３０５Ｂ側も全て下フレーム３０５Ｂと導電接続されている。なお、下フレーム３０５Ｂは接地Ｅに接続されている。このように、図１２の構成では、上下フレームと連結板とクロスバーとの接合箇所が全て導電接続されている。
【００６０】
図１２の構成において、単相２脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の手前側では、連結板３０８Ａと上フレーム３０４Ａと連結板３０９Ａと下フレーム３０５Ａとで電気的に短絡された第１の短絡導体が形成されており、この第１の短絡導体が図示されていない単相２脚鉄心の１つの鉄心窓の手前側の外周を周回している。そのために、図示されていない電流リードに流れる電流によって形成された磁束がこの第１の短絡導体を貫通するようになり、第１の短絡導体に例えば矢印で示すように環状の渦電流Ｉが流れる。この渦電流Ｉによって、図示されていない単相２脚鉄心を貫通しようとする磁束が遮蔽される。そのために、単相２脚鉄心の鋼板には渦電流が流れ難くなる。
【００６１】
また、単相２脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の奥行き側でも、連結板３０８Ｂと上フレーム３０４Ｂと連結板３０９Ｂと下フレーム３０５Ｂとで電気的に短絡された環状の第２の短絡導体が形成されており、この第２の短絡導体が図示されていない単相２脚鉄心の１つの鉄心窓の奥行き側の外周をそれぞれ周回している。このため、図１２の構成は、電流リードからの磁束が単相２脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の両側から侵入するような場合にも効果があり、電流リードが単相２脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の両側に配され，いずれの電流リードにも大電流が流れる場合などに好適である。
【００６２】
また、図１２の構成では、クロスバー３１１Ａ，３１１Ｂの上フレーム３０４Ａ側が上フレーム３０４Ａと導電接続され、さらに、クロスバー３１２Ａ，３１２ＢＣの下フレーム３０５Ａ側が下フレーム３０５Ａと導電接続されている。それによって、クロスバー３１１Ａと連結板３０８Ａとクロスバー３１２Ａと連結板３０８Ｂとで一つの短絡部が形成されるとともに、クロスバー３１１Ｂと連結板３０９Ａとクロスバー３１２Ｂと連結板３０９Ｂとでもう一つの短絡部が形成されている。なお、クロスバーと連結板とが直接固定されておらず、それぞれが上下フレームの異なる箇所に固定されている構成であっても、クロスバーと連結板とを上下フレームを介して電気的に導電接続するようにしておけば、短絡部を形成することができる。すなわち、短絡部はクロスバーと短絡導体とでもって形成される。
【００６３】
単相２脚鉄心において、電流リードによって誘起される磁束は、鉄心の左右方向からも貫通しようとするが、その際、クロスバーと短絡導体とで形成された短絡部に渦電流Ｉが流れるので、磁束が鉄心に入り難くなる。それによって、鉄心に誘起される渦電流をさらに小さくすることができる。これにより、低圧巻線にさらに大きな電流を流すことができ、変圧器のさらなる大容量化が可能になる。
【００６４】
なお、図１２の実施例では、図３の実施例と同様な、上下フレームと連結板とクロスバーとの接合箇所が全て導電接続されている構成としているが、この代わりに、図２の実施例と同様な、単相２脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の両側に短絡導体が配されるとともに鉄心の左右方向両側には短絡部が形成されない構成としてもよく、また、電流リードが単相２脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の片側にのみ配され，電流リードからの磁束が単相２脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の片側のみから侵入するような場合には、図１の実施例と同様な、単相２脚鉄心の鋼板積層方向の片側のみに短絡導体が配される構成としてもよい。
【００６５】
また、上述の図１１，図１２の実施例の構成において、図４の実施例と同等な、連結板のそれぞれに沿って銅材あるいはアルミニウム材よりなる導電板が配されるとともに，手前側の上フレームと奥行き側の上フレームとの間の端部および手前側の下フレームと奥行き側の下フレームとの間の端部にそれぞれ銅材あるいはアルミニウム材よりなるクロス板が渡され，各導電板と上下フレームとの接合箇所および各クロス板と上下フレームとの接合箇所が全て導電接続されてなる構成、あるいは、図９の実施例と同様な、上下フレームに沿って配された水平枠部と連結板に沿って配された垂直枠部とが互いに結合されてなるとともに銅材あるいはアルミニウム材よりなる枠体によって短絡導体を形成してなる構成を適用することも可能である。
【００６６】
さらに、この発明は変圧器に限らず、一般に鉄心窓の貫通する鉄心に巻線が巻回され、この巻線から電流リードが引き出されてなる誘導電器に適用される。すなわち、この発明は、単一の巻線と鉄心とからなるリアクトルにも適用され、巻線を１層にすることができることによって誘導電器の外形の縮小化が可能になる。
【００６７】
また、前述された実施例における鉄心は、全て鋼板を積層することによって構成されていたが、ブロック形状の鉄心であっても短絡導体あるいは短絡部を設けることによって、電流リードから誘起される磁束が遮蔽され、鉄心の表面に誘起される渦電流が低減される。それによって、鉄心が温度上昇するのを防ぐ効果が生ずる。したがって、この場合でも巻線を１層にすることができ、誘導電器の外形の縮小化が可能になる。
【００６８】
【発明の効果】
この発明は前述のように、環状の短絡導体を鉄心窓の少なくとも一方の開口部に周回させてなるようにすることによって、巻線を１層にすることができ、誘導電器の外形の縮小化が可能になる。
また、かかる構成において、連結板の上下両端部を上下フレームにそれぞれ導電接続することによって短絡導体を上下フレームと連結板とで形成するようにすることによって、新たに部品を追加する必要がなく、低コストでもっで短絡導体を形成することができる。
【００６９】
また、かかる構成において、連結板に鉄材より抵抗率の小さい銅材やアルミニウム材などの材料よりなる導電板を沿わせ、この導電板の上下両端部を上下フレームにそれぞれ導電接続することによって短絡導体を上下フレームと導電板とで形成することによって、誘導電器の大容量化が可能になるとともに誘導電器の効率を高めることができる。
【００７０】
また、かかる構成において、短絡導体が上下フレームに沿って配された水平枠部と、連結板に沿って配された垂直枠部とが互いに接合されてなる枠体よりなり、この枠体が鉄材より抵抗率の小さい銅材やアルミニウム材などの材料よりなるようにすることによって、誘導電器のさらなる大容量化が可能になるとともに誘導電器の効率をさらに高めることができる。
【００７１】
また、かかる構成において、短絡導体を鉄心窓の両側の開口部にそれぞれ周回させてなるようにすることによって、誘導電器のさらなる大容量化が可能になるとともに誘導電器の効率をさらに高めることができる。
また、かかる構成において、環状の短絡部を鉄心の鉄心窓貫通方向の側面に配してなるようにすることによって、誘導電器のさらなる大容量化が可能になるとともに誘導電器の効率をさらに高めることができる。
【００７２】
また、かかる構成において、上下のクロスバーの両端部を鉄心窓の両側の開口部に配された短絡導体にそれぞれ導電接続することによって、短絡部が上下のクロスバーと短絡導体とで形成されるようにすることによって、新たに部品を追加する必要がなく、低コストでもっで短絡部を形成することができる。
また、かかる構成において、鉄材より抵抗率の小さい銅材やアルミニウム材などの材料よりなる上下のクロス板が一対の上フレームの間および一対の下フレームの間にそれぞれ鉄心窓貫通方向に向けて水平に架設され、前記上下のクロス板の両端部を鉄心窓の両側の開口部に配された短絡導体にそれぞれ導電接続することによって、誘導電器のさらなる大容量化が可能になるとともに誘導電器の効率をさらに高めることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施例にかかる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的接続状態を示す斜視図
【図２】この発明の異なる実施例にかかる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的接続状態を示す斜視図
【図３】この発明のさらに異なる実施例にかかる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的接続状態を示す斜視図
【図４】この発明のさらに異なる実施例にかかる変圧器の上下フレームと連結板とクロスバーとの構成を示す斜視図
【図５】図４のＰ部拡大斜視図
【図６】鉄心に誘起される渦電流が導電板の有無によってどのように変わるかを図２０の変圧器について計算した結果を示す棒グラフ図
【図７】短絡導体に誘起される渦電流が導電板の有無によってどのように変わるかを図２０の変圧器について計算した結果を示す棒グラフ図
【図８】鉄心および短絡導体に誘起される渦電流の損失が導電板の有無によってどのように変わるかを図２０の変圧器について計算した結果を示す棒グラフ図
【図９】この発明のさらに異なる実施例にかかる変圧器の上下フレームと連結板とクロスバーとの構成を示す一部破砕斜視図
【図１０】図９の枠体の構成を示す斜視図
【図１１】この発明のさらに異なる実施例にかかる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的接続状態を示す斜視図
【図１２】この発明のさらに異なる実施例にかかる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的接続状態を示す斜視図
【図１３】従来の変圧器の中身構成を示す正面図
【図１４】図１３の変圧器の中身構成を下から斜め上方に見た斜視図
【図１５】図１３における変圧器の低圧巻線の結線図
【図１６】図１３の変圧器の上下フレームと連結板とクロスバーとの構成を示す斜視図
【図１７】低圧巻線が１層に巻回された変圧器の中身構成を示す正面図
【図１８】図１７における変圧器の低圧巻線の結線図
【図１９】図１７の変圧器の中身構成を下から斜め上方に見た斜視図
【図２０】従来の変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的な接続状態を示す斜視図
【図２１】従来の異なる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的な接続状態を示す斜視図
【図２２】電流リードが図１９の場合とは異なるようにして配線された変圧器の中身構成を下から斜め上方に見た斜視図
【図２３】電流リードが図１９の場合とはさらに異なるようにして配線された変圧器の中身構成を下から斜め上方に見た斜視図
【図２４】図１７の変圧器の磁界分布図
【図２５】図１７の変圧器において上下フレームと連結板とが図１のように接続された場合の磁界分布図
【図２６】従来のさらに異なる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的な接続状態を示す斜視図
【図２７】従来のさらに異なる変圧器の上下フレームおよび連結板、クロスバーの電気的な接続状態を示す斜視図
【符号の説明】
４Ａ，４Ｂ，２０４Ａ，２０４Ｂ，３０４Ａ，３０４Ｂ：上フレーム、５Ａ，５Ｂ，２０５Ａ，２０５Ｂ，３０５Ａ，３０５Ｂ：下フレーム、６：３相鉄心、６Ａ，６Ｂ，６Ｃ：主脚、６Ｄ：上部ヨーク、６Ｅ：下部ヨーク、７ｕｖ，７ｖｗ，７ｗｕ，１４ｕｖ，１４ｖｗ，１４ｗｕ，１５ｕｖ，１５ｖｗ，１５ｗｕ：電流リード、８Ａ，８Ｂ，９Ａ，９Ｂ，１０Ａ，１０Ｂ，２０８Ａ，２０８Ｂ，２０９Ａ，２０９Ｂ，２１０Ａ，２１０Ｂ，２２１Ａ，２２１Ｂ，２２２Ａ，２２２Ｂ，３０８Ａ，３０８Ｂ，３０９Ａ，３０９Ｂ：連結板、１１Ａ，１１Ｂ，１２Ａ，１２Ｂ，１２Ｃ，２１１Ａ，２１１Ｂ，２１２Ａ，２１２Ｂ，２１２Ｃ，３１１Ａ，３１１Ｂ，３１２Ａ，３１２Ｂ：クロスバー、１Ｕ，２Ｖ，３Ｗ：高圧巻線、１ｕ，２ｖ，３ｗ：低圧巻線、Ｅ：接地、８０Ａ，８０Ｂ，９０Ａ，９０Ｂ，１００Ａ，１００Ｂ：導電板、２１Ａ，２１Ｂ，２２Ａ，２２Ｂ：クロス板、２３：枠体、２３Ａ：水平枠部、２３Ｂ：垂直枠部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an induction device in which a winding is wound around an iron core through which an iron core window passes, and a current lead is drawn from the winding, and more particularly to an induction device in which the outer shape of the winding is reduced.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 13 is a front view showing a content configuration of a conventional transformer. High-voltage windings 1U, 2V, 3W and low-voltage windings (not shown) are wound around the main legs 6A, 6B, 6C of the three-phase three-leg iron core 6, respectively. The high-voltage windings 1U, 2V, 3W and the low-voltage winding are sandwiched between the upper frame 4A and the lower frame 5A via insulators not shown in the drawing. The upper frame 4A is composed of a pair, and another upper frame (not shown) is arranged on the depth side of FIG. 13, and the upper part of the three-phase three-legged iron core 6 is sandwiched by the pair of upper frames. On the other hand, the lower frame 5A is also a pair, and another lower frame (not shown) is arranged on the depth side of FIG. 13, and the lower part of the three-phase three-legged iron core 6 is sandwiched by the pair of lower frames. Current leads 7uv, 7vw, and 7wu are drawn from the upper end of the low-voltage winding, and the three-phase low-voltage windings are triangularly connected. Note that current leads from the high-voltage windings 1U, 2V, and 3W are not shown, but all are drawn from the depth side of the three-phase three-legged iron core 6. Moreover, the content structure of FIG. 13 is accommodated in the iron container which is not shown in figure with insulating oil.
[0003]
FIG. 14 is similar to FIG.3It is the perspective view which looked at the content structure of this transformer diagonally upward from the bottom. However, in FIG. 14, the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the cross bar are omitted, and only the high-voltage winding, the low-voltage winding, and the three-phase three-legged iron core are shown. As described above, the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, and 3w are wound inside the high-voltage windings 1U, 2V, and 3W, respectively. The three-phase three-leg iron core 6 includes the main legs 6A, 6B, and 6C described above, and an upper yoke 6D and a lower yoke 6E that magnetically couple upper ends and lower ends of the main legs, respectively. The three-phase three-legged iron core 6 is made of a laminated body of thin silicon steel plates, and a plurality of silicon steel plates are laminated in a direction penetrating the window 6F of the three-phase three-legged iron core 6. The main legs 6A, 6B, 6C and the upper yoke 6D, and the main legs 6A, 6B, 6C and the lower yoke 6E are joined by attaching the end surfaces of the silicon steel plates cut obliquely to each other.
[0004]
FIG. 15 is a connection diagram of the low-voltage winding of the transformer in FIG. The low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are wound in two layers respectively with layers u1, v1, w1 in which the conductor is wound from top to bottom and layers u2, v2, w2 in which the conductor is wound from top to bottom. Consists of what has been turned. The output terminals of the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are all drawn from the top, and the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are triangularly connected. Output terminals on the left side of the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are connected to external connection terminals u0, v0, w0 via bushings not shown. The left output terminal of the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w is connected to the other low-voltage windings 3w, 1u, 2v via current leads 7wu, 7uv, 7vw. That is, the left output terminal of the low voltage winding 1u is connected to the right output terminal of the low voltage winding 3w via the current lead 7wu, and the left output terminal of the low voltage winding 2v is connected to the low voltage winding 1u via the current lead 7uv. The output terminal on the left side of the low voltage winding 3w is connected to the output terminal on the right side of the low voltage winding 2v via the current lead 7vw.
[0005]
FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar of the transformer of FIG. That is, the high-voltage winding, low-voltage winding, and three-phase three-legged iron core of the transformer of FIG. 13 are omitted, and only the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar are shown. The iron upper frames 4A and 4B are fixed to each other via two horizontal iron cross bars 11A and 11B, and the iron lower frames 5A and 5B are three horizontal iron cross bars 12A and 12B, They are fixed to each other via 12C. On the other hand, the upper frame 4A and the lower frame 5A are fixed to each other via vertical iron connection plates 8A, 9A, and 10A, and the upper frame 4B and the lower frame 5B are fixed to the vertical iron connection plates 8B, 9B, It is mutually fixed via 10B. The connecting plates 8A, 9A, 10A are arranged along the steel plate surfaces on the near side of the main legs 6A, 6B, 6C shown in FIG. 14, respectively, and the connecting plates 8B, 9B, 10B are shown in FIG. The main legs 6A, 6B, 6C are arranged along the steel plate surfaces on the depth side. The high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding of each phase are wound around the respective main legs and the connecting plate.
[0006]
Further, in FIG. 16, the high-voltage windings of the respective phases not shown via the insulator as described above between the upper frame 4A and the lower frame 5A and between the upper frame 4B and the lower frame 5B. And a low-voltage winding are interposed, and the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding are sandwiched simultaneously from above and below. On the other hand, main legs 6A, 6B, and 6C are interposed between the connecting plates 8A and 8B, between the connecting plates 9A and 9B, and between the connecting plates 10A and 10B, respectively.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional transformer as described above has a problem that the number of layers of the low-voltage winding is large.
Since the low voltage windings of the conventional transformer are wound in two layers, the low voltage windings expand to the outer diameter side by the number of layers, and accordingly, the outer high voltage windings further expand to the outer diameter side. For this reason, the outer diameter of the entire transformer has been increased. If the low-voltage winding has a single layer, the outer diameter of the high-voltage winding is reduced, and the outer diameter of the entire transformer is also reduced. However, it has been found that if the low voltage winding is simply made into one layer with the conventional configuration, an eddy current flows in the iron core and a spark is generated at the butt portion of the steel sheet.
[0008]
That is, FIG. 17 is a front view showing the content configuration of the transformer in which the low-voltage winding is wound in one layer. Current leads 13uv, 13vw, 13wu from a low voltage winding (not shown) are connected to the upper and lower output terminals of the low voltage winding. The rest of FIG. 17 is the same as the configuration of FIG. The configurations of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar of the transformer in FIG. 17 are the same as those in FIG.
[0009]
18 is a connection diagram of the low-voltage winding in the transformer of FIG. The upper output terminals of the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are connected to the external connection terminals u0, v0, w0 via bushings not shown. The upper output terminals of the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are connected to the other low-voltage windings 3w, 1u, 2v via the current leads 13wu, 13uv, 13vw, and the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are connected to each other. Are triangularly connected. That is, the upper output terminal of the low-voltage winding 1u is connected to the lower output terminal of the low-voltage winding 3w via the current lead 13wu, and the upper output terminal of the low-voltage winding 2v is connected to the low-voltage winding 1u via the current lead 13uv. The lower output terminal and the upper output terminal of the low-voltage winding 3w are connected to the lower output terminal of the low-voltage winding 2v via the current lead 13vw, respectively.
[0010]
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the content configuration of the transformer of FIG. 17 as viewed obliquely upward from below. However, in FIG. 19, the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the cross bar are omitted, and only the high-voltage winding, the low-voltage winding, and the three-phase three-legged iron core are shown. The configuration is the same as that of FIG. 14 except that the current leads 13uv, 13vw, and 13wu are connected to the upper and lower output terminals of the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, and 3w, respectively.
[0011]
In FIG. 19, when an energization current flows through the current leads 13uv, 13vw, 13wu, a magnetic flux is formed by the energization current in the three-phase three-legged core steel plate lamination direction, and an eddy current i that prevents the generation of the magnetic flux is 3 It flows in the steel plate of the phase 3 leg iron core. Since the surface of each steel plate is insulated, the eddy current i does not flow in the steel plate lamination direction of the three-phase three-legged iron core, but the eddy current i easily flows in the wide direction of the steel plate. Therefore, at the joint between the main legs 6A, 6B, 6C of the three-phase three-legged iron core and the upper yoke 6D or the lower yoke 6E, the butt portion between the steel plates becomes conductive through a spark, and the eddy current i is generated. The main leg, the upper yoke, and the lower yoke flow in an annular shape.
[0012]
24 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the transformer of FIG. The magnetic field calculation was performed when a three-phase current having a phase difference of 120 degrees was passed through each of the current leads 13uv, 13vw, and 13wu in a general three-dimensional field. FIG. 24 is an example of the magnetic field distribution in the XX section of FIG. 17, and 17 is a container. Reference numeral 16 denotes magnetic flux lines obtained by calculation. Magnetic flux lines 16 that pass through the main legs 6A, 6B, 6C are generated by the currents flowing in the current leads 13uv, 13vw, 13wu. It can be seen that an annular eddy current that cancels the magnetic flux line 16 flows through the three-phase three-legged iron core, and this eddy current causes a spark. If the occurrence of sparks at the joint of the three-phase three-legged iron core is not suppressed, the steel sheet will be damaged.
[0013]
FIG. 22 is a perspective view of the content configuration of the transformer in which the current leads are wired differently from the case of FIG. 19 as viewed obliquely upward from below. The upper output terminals of the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are connected to other low-voltage windings 2v, 3w, 1u through current leads 14uv, 14vw, 14wu, respectively, and the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are connected to each other. Triangular connection. That is, the upper output terminal of the low-voltage winding 1u is connected to the lower output terminal of the low-voltage winding 2v via the current lead 14uv, and the upper output terminal of the low-voltage winding 2v is connected to the low-voltage winding 3w via the current lead 14vw. The lower output terminal and the upper output terminal of the low-voltage winding 3w are connected to the lower output terminal of the low-voltage winding 1u via the current lead 14wu, respectively. The rest of FIG. 22 is the same as the configuration of FIG. Even if the current leads are wired differently from the case of FIG. 19 as shown in FIG. 22, a magnetic flux penetrating the three-phase three-legged iron core is generated by the currents flowing through the current leads 14uv, 14vw, and 14wu. Thereby, an annular eddy current flows through the three-phase three-legged iron core, and a spark is generated at the junction of the three-phase three-legged iron core.
[0014]
FIG. 23 is a perspective view of the content configuration of the transformer wired in such a manner that the current leads are further different from those in FIG. The upper output terminals of the low voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are connected to other low voltage windings 3w, 1u, 2v via current leads 15wu, 15uv, 15vw, and the low voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are triangular. Connected. That is, the upper output terminal of the low-voltage winding 1u is connected to the lower output terminal of the low-voltage winding 3w via the current lead 14wu, and the upper output terminal of the low-voltage winding 2v is connected to the low-voltage winding 1u via the current lead 15uv. The lower output terminal and the upper output terminal of the low-voltage winding 3w are connected to the lower output terminal of the low-voltage winding 2v via the current lead 15vw, respectively. The rest of FIG. 23 is the same as the configuration of FIG. Even if the current leads are wired differently from those in FIGS. 19 and 22 as shown in FIG. 23, the magnetic flux penetrating the three-phase three-legged iron core by the currents flowing in the current leads 15uv, 15vw, and 15wu is generated. appear. Thereby, an annular eddy current flows through the three-phase three-legged iron core, and a spark is generated at the junction of the three-phase three-legged iron core.
[0015]
19, 22, and 23 are all cases of a three-phase three-legged core transformer, but the same applies to a three-phase five-legged core transformer, and even a single-phase transformer. If the current lead is configured to move up and down, a magnetic flux that penetrates the iron core is generated, and a spark is generated at the joint of the iron core. In this way, conventionally, the low voltage winding of the transformer cannot be formed in one layer, and the low voltage winding is formed in two layers so that the current leads do not move up and down in the vicinity of the main leg. As a result, the outer diameter of the entire transformer could not be reduced further.
[0016]
In addition, although all the iron cores in the conventional examples described above were laminated iron cores, eddy currents are still induced in the iron core by the magnetic flux generated from the current leads even if it is a block-shaped iron core, and the temperature of the iron core rises. A malfunction occurs. In addition, all of the conventional examples described above were transformers. Generally, in an induction electric machine, when a single layer of winding is wound around an iron core through which an iron core window penetrates, it is drawn from the winding. An eddy current is induced in the iron core by the magnetic flux generated from the generated current lead, causing a problem.
An object of the present invention is to reduce the eddy current induced in the iron core so that the winding can be made one layer.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in an induction device in which a winding is wound around an iron core that passes through an iron core window, and a current lead is drawn from the winding, the winding is formed in one layer. In addition, an annular short-circuit conductor is formed so as to go around the outer periphery of at least one opening of the iron core window,A plurality of main legs in which the iron cores are arranged vertically; an upper yoke that joins the upper ends of the main legs; and a lower yoke that joins the lower ends of the main legs; and The upper yoke is formed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke, and the upper yoke is sandwiched from both sides in the iron core window penetration direction by a pair of metal upper frames, and the lower yoke is formed by a pair of metal lower frames. It is sandwiched from both sides in the iron core window penetration direction, and a metal connecting plate is vertically laid between the upper frame and the lower frame, and is arranged along both side surfaces of the main leg in the iron core window penetration direction, respectively. Metal upper and lower cross bars are installed horizontally between the pair of upper frames and the pair of lower frames in the direction of the iron core window, and windings are wound around the main legs and the connecting plate. Is Der madeRThe upper and lower ends of the connecting plate are conductively connected to the upper and lower frames, respectively, so that the short-circuit conductor is formed by the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate.ThenGood. Thereby,Since the magnetic flux induced by the current flowing in the current lead penetrates the short-circuit conductor, an eddy current flows in a circular manner in the short-circuit conductor. Therefore, since the magnetic flux which penetrates the iron core window is shielded, the eddy current induced in the iron core is reduced. Also,The short-circuit conductor can be formed simply by electrically connecting the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate that have been conventionally provided. Therefore, it is not necessary to add new parts to the conventional induction machine.
[0019]
  Also,According to the present invention, in an induction device in which a winding is wound around an iron core that passes through an iron core window, and a current lead is drawn out from the winding, the winding is made into one layer and an annular short-circuit conductor is provided. It is formed so as to go around the outer periphery of at least one opening of the iron core window,A plurality of main legs in which the iron cores are arranged vertically; an upper yoke that joins the upper ends of the main legs; and a lower yoke that joins the lower ends of the main legs; and The upper yoke is formed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke, and the upper yoke is sandwiched from both sides in the iron core window penetration direction by a pair of metal upper frames, and the lower yoke is formed by a pair of metal lower frames. It is sandwiched from both sides in the iron core window penetration direction, and a metal connecting plate is vertically laid between the upper frame and the lower frame, and is arranged along both side surfaces of the main leg in the iron core window penetration direction, respectively. Metal upper and lower cross bars are installed horizontally between the pair of upper frames and the pair of lower frames in the direction of the iron core window, and windings are wound around the main legs and the connecting plate. Is Der madeRThe shorting conductor is formed by the upper and lower frames and the conductive plate by placing a conductive plate made of a material having a resistivity lower than that of iron on the connecting plate and electrically connecting the upper and lower ends of the conductive plate to the upper and lower frames, respectively. You may do it. Thereby,Since the magnetic flux induced by the current flowing in the current lead penetrates the short-circuit conductor, an eddy current flows in a circular manner in the short-circuit conductor. Therefore, since the magnetic flux which penetrates the iron core window is shielded, the eddy current induced in the iron core is reduced. Also,Since the circular resistance of the short-circuit conductor is reduced, the eddy current induced in the short-circuit conductor increases. Therefore, the magnetic flux which tries to penetrate from the core window penetration direction of the iron core is more sufficiently shielded, and the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced. At the same time, the current loss of the iron core and the short-circuit conductor is further reduced.
[0020]
Moreover, in the induction device having such a configuration, the conductive plate may be formed of a copper material. Since the resistivity of the copper material is smaller than that of the iron material, the circular resistance of the short-circuit conductor is reduced, and the eddy current induced in the short-circuit conductor is increased. Therefore, the magnetic flux which tries to penetrate from the core window penetration direction of the iron core is more sufficiently shielded, and the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced. At the same time, the current loss of the iron core and the short-circuit conductor is further reduced.
[0021]
Further, in the induction electric appliance having such a configuration, the conductive plate may be formed of an aluminum material. Since the resistivity of the aluminum material is smaller than that of the iron material, the circular resistance of the short-circuit conductor is reduced, and the eddy current induced in the short-circuit conductor is increased. Therefore, the magnetic flux which tries to penetrate from the core window penetration direction of the iron core is more sufficiently shielded, and the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced. At the same time, the current loss of the iron core and the short-circuit conductor is further reduced.
[0022]
  Also,According to the present invention, in an induction device in which a winding is wound around an iron core that passes through an iron core window, and a current lead is drawn out from the winding, the winding is made into one layer and an annular short-circuit conductor is provided. It is formed so as to go around the outer periphery of at least one opening of the iron core window,A plurality of main legs in which the iron cores are arranged vertically; an upper yoke that joins the upper ends of the main legs; and a lower yoke that joins the lower ends of the main legs; and The upper yoke is formed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke, and the upper yoke is sandwiched from both sides in the iron core window penetration direction by a pair of metal upper frames, and the lower yoke is formed by a pair of metal lower frames. It is sandwiched from both sides in the iron core window penetration direction, and a metal connecting plate is vertically laid between the upper frame and the lower frame, and is arranged along both side surfaces of the main leg in the iron core window penetration direction, respectively. Metal upper and lower cross bars are installed horizontally between the pair of upper frames and the pair of lower frames in the direction of the iron core window, and windings are wound around the main legs and the connecting plate. Is Der madeRThe frame is formed by joining a horizontal frame portion in which the short-circuit conductor is disposed along the upper and lower frames and a vertical frame portion disposed along the connecting plate, and the frame body has a resistivity higher than that of the iron material. It may be made of a small material. Thereby,Since the magnetic flux induced by the current flowing in the current lead penetrates the short-circuit conductor, an eddy current flows in a circular manner in the short-circuit conductor. Therefore, since the magnetic flux which penetrates the iron core window is shielded, the eddy current induced in the iron core is reduced. Also,Since the resistivity of the short-circuited conductor is reduced over the entire circumference, the circular resistance of the short-circuited conductor is reduced and the eddy current induced in the short-circuited conductor is increased. For this reason, the magnetic flux entering from the core window through direction of the iron core is more sufficiently shielded, the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced, and the current loss of the iron core and the short-circuit conductor is further reduced.
[0023]
Further, in the induction electric appliance having such a configuration, the frame body may be formed of a copper material. Since the resistivity of the copper material is smaller than that of the iron material, the circular resistance of the short-circuit conductor is reduced, and the eddy current induced in the short-circuit conductor is increased. Therefore, the magnetic flux which tries to penetrate from the core window penetration direction of the iron core is more sufficiently shielded, and the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced. At the same time, the current loss of the iron core and the short-circuit conductor is further reduced.
[0024]
Further, in the induction electric appliance having such a configuration, the frame body may be formed of an aluminum material. Since the resistivity of the aluminum material is smaller than that of the iron material, the circular resistance of the short-circuit conductor is reduced, and the eddy current induced in the short-circuit conductor is increased. For this reason, the magnetic flux entering from the core window penetration direction of the iron core is more sufficiently shielded, and the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced. At the same time, the current loss of the iron core and the short-circuit conductor is further reduced.
[0025]
  Further, in the induction electric appliance having such a configuration, the short-circuit conductor is respectively provided in the openings on both sides of the iron core window.ArrangementYou may make it become. As a result, any magnetic flux entering the iron core from both sides of the iron core through the core window is shielded, further reducing eddy currents induced in the iron core..
[0026]
  Moreover, in the induction electric machine having such a configuration,An annular short-circuit portion is disposed on the side surface of the iron core in the iron core window penetration direction,By connecting the both ends of the upper and lower crossbars to the short-circuit conductors disposed on the openings on both sides of the iron core window, the short-circuit portion may be formed by the upper and lower cross-bars and the short-circuit conductor. Good. Thereby,When the magnetic flux tries to enter from the side surface side of the iron core through the iron core window, an eddy current flows around the short-circuited portion. This eddy current shields the magnetic flux that is about to enter from the side surface of the iron core in the direction through the iron core window. Therefore, the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced. Also,Conventionally provided upper and lower cross bars can be substituted for a part of the short-circuit portion. Therefore, the number of parts that need to be newly added to the conventional induction machine is reduced.
[0027]
  Moreover, in the induction electric machine having such a configuration,An annular short-circuit portion is disposed on the side surface of the iron core in the iron core window penetration direction,The upper and lower cross plates made of a material having a lower resistivity than the iron material are horizontally installed between the pair of upper frames and between the pair of lower frames in the direction through which the iron core window penetrates. The short-circuit portion may be formed by the upper and lower cross plates and the short-circuit conductor by conductively connecting to the short-circuit conductors disposed in the openings on both sides of the iron core window. Thereby,When the magnetic flux tries to enter from the side surface side of the iron core through the iron core window, an eddy current flows around the short-circuited portion. This eddy current shields the magnetic flux that is about to enter from the side surface of the iron core in the direction through the iron core window. Therefore, the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced. Also,Since the circular resistance of the short circuit part is reduced, the eddy current induced in the short circuit part increases. Therefore, the magnetic flux which tries to penetrate from the core window penetration direction of the iron core is more sufficiently shielded, and the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced. At the same time, the current loss of the iron core and the short-circuit conductor is further reduced.
[0028]
Moreover, in the induction device having such a configuration, the cross plate may be formed of a copper material. Since the resistivity of the copper material is smaller than that of the iron material, the circular resistance of the short circuit portion is reduced, and the eddy current induced in the short circuit portion is increased. For this reason, the magnetic flux entering from the core window through direction of the iron core is more sufficiently shielded, the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced, and the current loss of the iron core and the short-circuit conductor is further reduced.
[0029]
Moreover, in the induction device having such a configuration, the cross plate may be formed of an aluminum material. Since the resistivity of the aluminum material is smaller than that of the iron material, the circular resistance of the short circuit portion is reduced, and the eddy current induced in the short circuit portion is increased. For this reason, the magnetic flux entering from the core window through direction of the iron core is more sufficiently shielded, the eddy current induced in the iron core is further reduced, and the current loss of the iron core and the short-circuit conductor is further reduced.
[0030]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, a connecting plate, and a crossbar of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, the connecting plates in FIG. 16 are vertical lines 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B, the upper frame is upper horizontal lines 4A and 4B, and the lower frame is lower horizontal lines 5A and 5B. Each is represented. The upper crossbar is represented by upper horizontal lines 11A and 11B, and the lower crossbar is represented by lower horizontal lines 12A, 12B and 12C. The joints of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the cross bar are all mechanically fixed by bolts, but there are joints that are electrically insulated by interposing an insulator. In FIG. 1, the black circle portions are electrically connected to each other, and the vertical lines or horizontal lines are electrically isolated from the black circle portions.
[0031]
In FIG. 1, the upper and lower ends of connecting plates 8A, 9A, and 10A on the front side in the steel plate stacking direction of the three-phase three-legged iron core are electrically connected to the upper frame 4A and the lower frame 5A, respectively. On the other hand, the upper end portions of the connecting plates 8B, 9B, 10B on the depth side in the steel sheet lamination direction of the iron core are all conductively connected to the upper frame 4B, but the lower ends of the connecting plates 8B, 10B are insulated from the lower frame 5B. ing. Further, the lower end portion of the connecting plate 9B is conductively connected to the lower frame 5B. Further, the upper frame 4B side of the cross bars 11A and 11B are both conductively connected to the upper frame 4B, but the upper frame 4A side of the cross bars 11A and 11B are both insulated from the upper frame 4A. On the other hand, the lower frame 5B side of the crossbars 12A, 12B, 12C is all conductively connected to the lower frame 5B, but the lower frame 5A side of the crossbars 12A, 12C is insulated from the lower frame 5A, and the crossbar 12B The lower frame 5A side is conductively connected to the lower frame 5A. The right end of the lower frame 5B is connected to the ground E.
[0032]
Since the upper and lower ends of the connecting plates 8A, 9A, and 10A in FIG. 1 are conductively connected to the upper frame 4A and the lower frame 5A, respectively, the connecting plate 8A, the upper frame 4A, the connecting plate 9A, and the lower frame 5A Two electrically shorted annular shorting conductors are formed. Further, another short-circuit conductor is formed by the connecting plate 9A, the upper frame 4A, the connecting plate 10A, and the lower frame 5A. These short-circuit conductors circulate around the outer peripheries of two iron core windows of a three-phase three-legged iron core not shown. Therefore, a magnetic flux formed by a current flowing in a current lead (not shown) passes through the short-circuit conductor, and an annular eddy current I flows through each short-circuit conductor, for example, as indicated by an arrow. The eddy current I shields a magnetic flux that attempts to penetrate a three-phase three-legged iron core (not shown). For this reason, the eddy current i as shown in FIG.
[0033]
25 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the transformer of FIG. 17 when the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate are connected as shown in FIG. This magnetic field distribution diagram is an example of the magnetic field distribution in the XX section of FIG. 17, and the conditions for the magnetic field calculation are the same as those in FIG. In FIG. 25, since an annular eddy current flows through the short-circuit conductor formed by the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate, the magnetic flux lines 16 penetrating the three-phase three-legged iron core are reduced. As a result, even if the number of low-voltage windings is one, eddy currents induced in the three-phase three-legged iron core are reduced, and it is difficult for sparks to occur at the steel plate butting portion of the three-phase three-legged iron core. Therefore, the low voltage winding of the transformer can be made into one layer, and the outer diameter of the entire transformer can be reduced as compared with the conventional one.
[0034]
In the case of a conventional transformer, eddy currents are prevented from being generated in the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate. FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar of the conventional transformer. The upper ends of the connecting plates 8A, 9A, 10A are all conductively connected to the upper frame 4A, but the lower ends of the connecting plates 8A, 9A, 10A are all insulated from the lower frame 5A. The rest of FIG. 20 is the same as the configuration of FIG. 1, and the same parts as those in FIG. In this configuration, an annular short circuit is not formed on the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar, but the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar are completely grounded. That is, the purpose of providing the black circle joints in FIG. 20 is to ground all the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar. Therefore, since the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate having the configuration of FIG. 20 do not form an annular short circuit, the magnetic flux penetrating the three-phase five-legged iron core cannot be shielded, and an eddy current is generated in the iron core. In addition, since the joint part of the black circle in FIG. 20 is only for earthing | grounding, it should just be point contact. That is, since a large current does not flow at the black circle junction, it is sufficient that the metals are in contact with each other at any one location.
[0035]
FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing an electrically connected state of upper and lower frames, connecting plates, and crossbars of different conventional transformers. The configuration different from FIG. 20 is that the lower end of connecting plate 9A is electrically connected to lower frame 5A. It is only connected. The rest of FIG. 21 is the same as the configuration of FIG. In the configuration of FIG. 21, the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar are grounded at one point. However, since the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate of the configuration of FIG. The magnetic flux penetrating the tripod iron core cannot be shielded, and an eddy current is induced in the iron core.
[0036]
In the case of the embodiment of FIG. 1, since a large current always flows through the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate, the configuration is slightly different even if the black circle joints are conductively connected. That is, the upper and lower frames and the connecting plates of the configuration of FIG. 1 must have a thickness corresponding to the mechanical strength required for the transformer, as in the configurations of FIGS. However, in the case of FIG. 1, in addition to the above, the thickness of the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate is selected so that the current flowing through the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate is within the allowable current density. Further, since a large current passes through the black circle junction, it is necessary to increase the contact area between the metals so that the current flowing through the contact portion between the metals is within the allowable current density. Moreover, it is necessary to keep the contact resistance between metals small.
[0037]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar of the transformer according to another embodiment of the present invention. The upper and lower ends of the connecting plates 8B, 9B, 10B are also conductively connected to the upper frame 4B and the lower frame 5B, respectively. The rest of FIG. 2 is the same as the configuration of FIG. That is, in addition to the short-circuit conductor in FIG. 1, the short-circuit conductor formed by the connecting plate 8B, the upper frame 4B, the connecting plate 9B, and the lower frame 5B, the connecting plate 9B, the upper frame 4B, the connecting plate 10B, and the lower frame 5B. And two short-circuit conductors are disposed on both sides of a three-phase three-legged iron core (not shown) in the direction of steel sheet lamination. This configuration is effective when the magnetic flux from the current lead enters from both sides of the three-phase, three-legged core in the steel plate lamination direction. In other words, the current leads are arranged on both sides of the three-phase, three-legged core in the steel plate lamination direction, and are applied when a large current flows through any of the current leads. An annular eddy current I such as an arrow flows through the conductor.
[0038]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar of the transformer according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The upper frame 4A side of the cross bars 11A, 11B is conductively connected to the upper frame 4A, and the lower frame 5A side of the cross bars 12A, 12B, 12C is conductively connected to the lower frame 5A. The rest of FIG. 3 is the same as the configuration of FIG. 2, and all the joints of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar are conductively connected. Thereby, one short circuit is formed by the cross bar 11A, the connecting plate 8A, the cross bar 12A, and the connecting plate 8B, and the cross bar 11B, the connecting plate 10A, the cross bar 12C, and the connecting plate 10B. A short circuit is formed. However, as shown in FIG. 14, the crossbar and the connecting plate are not directly fixed, and each may be fixed to the upper and lower frames. However, if the cross bar and the coupling plate are electrically conductively connected via the upper and lower frames, a short-circuit portion can be formed. That is, the short circuit portion is formed by the crossbar and the short circuit conductor.
[0039]
The magnetic flux induced by the current lead tends to penetrate from the left-right direction of the three-phase three-legged core as shown in FIG. At that time, since the eddy current I flows through the short-circuit portion formed by the crossbar and the short-circuit conductor, the magnetic flux hardly enters the three-phase three-legged iron core. Thereby, the eddy current induced in the iron core can be further reduced. As a result, a larger current can flow through the low-voltage winding, and the capacity of the transformer can be further increased.
[0040]
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing configurations of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar of the transformer according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Conductive plates 80A, 90A, 100A, 80B, 90B, and 100B made of a copper material or an aluminum material are disposed along each of the connecting plates 8A, 9A, 10A, 8B, 9B, and 10B. Further, cross plates 21A and 21B made of a copper material or an aluminum material are passed to the end portion between the upper frames 4A and 4B. Further, cross plates 22A and 22B made of copper or aluminum are also passed to the end between the lower frames 5A and 5B. The joints between the conductive plates and the upper and lower frames and the joints between the cross plates and the upper and lower frames are all conductively connected. The rest of FIG. 4 is the same as the configuration of FIG.
[0041]
FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion P in FIG. 4, and the conductive plates 100A and 100B are provided so as to contact the connecting plates 10A and 10B, respectively. In addition, the joining structure of the other conductive plate and the connecting plate in FIG. 4 is the same as that in FIG.
Here, the resistivity of the metal material is shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the resistivity of copper is 6.9 times that of iron, and the resistivity of aluminum is 3.8 times that of iron. Therefore, the resistivity of copper and aluminum are both smaller than that of iron.
[0042]
[Table 1]

Returning to FIG. 4, the eddy current tends to flow toward the conductive plate having a lower resistivity than the connecting plate, and also flows toward the cross plate having a lower resistivity than the cross bar. Therefore, the short-circuit conductor in FIG. 4 is formed in an annular shape by the conductive plate and the upper and lower frames, and the short-circuit portion is formed in an annular shape by the cross plate and the short-circuit conductor. Since the short-circuit conductor and short circuit resistance of FIG. 4 are small as compared with the case of FIG. 3, the eddy current induced therein increases. Accordingly, the eddy current induced in the steel plate of the three-phase three-legged iron core in FIG. 4 is reduced as compared with the case of FIG. 3, and the current of the transformer can be increased.
[0043]
FIG. 6 is a bar graph showing the result of calculation for the transformer of FIG. 22 how the eddy current induced in the iron core changes depending on the presence or absence of the conductive plate. In the calculation, the configuration shown in FIG. 16 is used when there is no conductive plate, and the configuration shown in FIG. 4 is used when there is a conductive plate. The connecting plate and the upper and lower frames in FIG. 16 are both made of iron, and the upper and lower ends of each connecting plate are all conductively connected to the upper and lower frames. On the other hand, all of the conductive plates in FIG. 4 are made of copper, and the upper and lower frames are made of iron, and the upper and lower ends of each conductive plate are all conductively connected to the upper and lower frames. In the vertical axis of FIG. 6, the ratio of eddy currents is graduated, and when the eddy current value induced in the main leg 6C in FIG. 22 without the conductive plate is 1, the main legs 6A, 6B, 6C The ratio of each induced eddy current is shown. FIG. 6 shows that the ratio of eddy currents induced in the main legs 6A, 6B, 6C is reduced by providing the conductive plate. From this calculation, it was confirmed that the eddy current induced in the steel sheet of the iron core by the conductive plate is reduced.
[0044]
FIG. 7 is a bar graph showing the result of calculation for the transformer of FIG. 22 how the eddy current induced in the short-circuit conductor changes depending on the presence or absence of the conductive plate. In the calculation, similarly to the calculation conditions in FIG. 6, the configuration shown in FIG. 16 is used when there is no conductive plate, and the configuration shown in FIG. 4 is used when there is a conductive plate. The connection plates and the upper and lower frames in FIG. 16 are both made of iron, and the upper and lower ends of each connection plate are all conductively connected to the upper and lower frames. On the other hand, all of the conductive plates in FIG. 4 are made of copper, and the upper and lower frames are made of iron, and the upper and lower ends of each conductive plate are all conductively connected to the upper and lower frames. The ratio of eddy currents induced in the short-circuit conductor is graduated on the vertical axis in FIG. 7, and each short-circuit conductor is assumed when the eddy current value induced in the conductive plate 80A provided along the connecting plate 8A is 1. The ratio of induced eddy currents is shown. That is, when there is no conductive plate, the ratio of eddy currents induced in the connecting plates 8A, 9A, 10A in FIG. 16 is shown on the vertical axis, and when there is a conductive plate, the conductive plates 80A, 90A, FIG. The ratio of eddy currents induced at 100A is shown. From FIG. 7, it can be seen that the ratio of eddy currents induced in each short-circuit conductor is increased by providing the conductive plate. From this calculation, it was confirmed that the eddy current induced in the short-circuit conductor by the conductive plate was increased.
[0045]
FIG. 8 is a bar graph showing the calculation results of the transformer of FIG. 22 as to how the loss of eddy currents induced in the iron core and the short-circuit conductor changes depending on the presence or absence of a conductive plate. In the calculation, similarly to the calculation conditions in FIG. 6, the configuration shown in FIG. 16 is used when there is no conductive plate, and the configuration shown in FIG. 4 is used when there is a conductive plate. The connection plates and the upper and lower frames in FIG. 16 are both made of iron, and the upper and lower ends of each connection plate are all conductively connected to the upper and lower frames. On the other hand, all of the conductive plates in FIG. 4 are made of copper, and the upper and lower frames are made of iron, and the upper and lower ends of each conductive plate are all conductively connected to the upper and lower frames. The ratio of the loss of eddy currents induced in the iron core or the short-circuit conductor is graduated on the vertical axis in FIG. 8, and when the value of the eddy current induced in the iron core in a configuration without a conductive plate is 1, the iron core and the short-circuit conductor The ratio of the losses induced in is shown. It can be seen from FIG. 8 that the loss of the iron core and the short-circuit conductor is reduced by providing the conductive plate. Therefore, the efficiency of the transformer is improved by interposing the conductive plate.
[0046]
In the embodiment of FIG. 4, it is not always necessary to dispose the conductive plates on both sides of the iron core in the steel plate lamination direction. It is good also as a structure which distribute | arranges a conductive plate only to the one side of a steel plate lamination direction, ie, the side in which the current lead of the low voltage | pressure winding was provided. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the cross plate is not necessarily arranged. This is because the cross bars 11A and 11B are sufficient when only a small amount of the magnetic flux formed by the current leads penetrates from the side surface of the iron core in the width direction of the steel sheet. In addition, the conductive plate in FIG. 4 is not necessarily interposed between the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate. It is good also as a structure which makes a conductive plate follow the anti-upper and lower frame side of a connection board. In that case, the conductive plate and the upper and lower frames may be electrically connected to each other.
[0047]
FIG. 9 is a partially broken perspective view showing the configuration of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar of the transformer according to still another embodiment of the present invention. A frame body 23 made of a copper material or an aluminum material is interposed between the connecting plates 8A, 9A, 10A and the upper frame 4A / lower frame 5A.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the frame body 23 of FIG. The frame body 23 is composed of two horizontal frame portions 23A and three vertical frame portions 23B vertically passed between the horizontal frame portions 23A. The horizontal frame portion 23A and the vertical frame portion 23B are integrally formed. Is formed. The horizontal frame portion 23A extends along the upper frame 4A and the lower frame 5A in FIG. 9, and the vertical frame portion 23B extends along the connecting plates 8A, 9A, and 10A in FIG. The rest of FIG. 9 is the same as the configuration of FIG. Since the frame body 23 becomes a short-circuit conductor, and its resistivity is reduced over the entire circumference, the eddy current induced in the iron core is smaller than in the case of FIG. 4, and the iron core and the short-circuit conductor (frame body 23). The loss of flowing eddy current is also smaller than in the case of FIG. Thereby, the capacity of the transformer can be further increased, and the efficiency of the transformer is further improved.
[0048]
In the embodiment of FIG. 9, another frame may be interposed between the connecting plates 8B, 9B, 10B and the upper frame 4B / lower frame 5B. This is effective when magnetic flux enters from both sides in the steel plate lamination direction. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, a cross plate as shown in FIG. 4 may be provided in parallel to the cross bars 11A and 11B. This is effective when the magnetic flux enters from the side surface of the iron core in the wide steel plate direction.
[0049]
Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 9, it is necessary to fully consider the skin effect of eddy current when determining the thickness of the conductive plate and the cross plate. That is, the eddy current tends to flow only near the surface of the material and becomes difficult to flow as it goes from the surface of the material to the back. The penetration depth of eddy current depends on the material and the frequency of eddy current. The penetration depth is defined as the depth that decreases to a current value of 63.3% with respect to the current value flowing on the surface of the material. For commercial frequencies, the penetration depth of iron is about 1 mm, the penetration depth of copper is about 10 mm, and the penetration depth of aluminum is about 13 mm. Therefore, in the case of an iron material, a structural material having a thickness of about 10 mm is used. However, even if the thickness of the short-circuit conductor is increased in order to further reduce the resistance value, the penetration depth is about 1 mm. There is little effect to make it easier. On the other hand, in the case of copper or aluminum, eddy current can be sufficiently infiltrated by selecting a thickness of about 10 mm, and the resistivity is also shown in Table 1. Therefore, it is possible to form a short-circuit conductor or a short-circuit portion in which eddy current flows very easily.
[0050]
1 to 10 can be applied to the transformers of FIGS. 22 and 23 in which the configuration of the current leads is different from that of FIG. 17, and in any case 3 The eddy current induced in the phase 3 leg iron core can be reduced so that no spark is generated.
Further, the transformer structure applied to the present invention is such that the low-voltage windings 1u, 2v, 3w are respectively wound inside the high-voltage windings 1U, 2V, 3W as shown in FIGS. The configuration is not limited to the configuration in which the low-voltage winding is wound, and may be a configuration in which the low-voltage winding is wound outside the high-voltage winding.
[0051]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the configuration in which the present invention is applied to a transformer having a three-phase three-legged iron core has been described. However, the present invention is limited to such a three-phase three-legged iron core transformer. However, the present invention can be applied to other iron core configurations, for example, a three-phase five-leg iron core or a single-phase two-leg iron transformer.
FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, connecting plates, and crossbars of a further different conventional transformer, and each has a return leg on both sides of the central part of the core consisting of three main legs. The electrical connection state of the frame, connecting plate, and crossbar of the transformer having a three-phase five-leg iron core is shown. In the configuration of FIG. 26, connecting plates 208A, 208B, 209A, 209B, 210A, and 210B that are arranged along the steel plate surfaces on the near side and the depth side of the three main legs in the central part of the iron core, 2 at both ends, respectively. Connecting plates 221A, 221B, 222A, 222B, upper frames 204A, 204B, lower frames 205A, 205B, and upper crossbars 211A, 211B arranged along the front and depth steel plate surfaces of the book return legs, respectively. Of the joints between the lower crossbars 212A, 212B, and 212C, the lower end portions of the front side connecting plates 208A, 209A, and 210A and the lower frame 205A are insulated, and the depth side connecting plates 208B, The lower end of 209B and the lower frame 205B are insulated, and the upper frame 204A side and the upper frame of the crossbar 211A are insulated. 204A, the lower frame 205A side of the cross bars 212A and 212B and the lower frame 205A are insulated, and the lower frame 205A is connected to the lower frame portion 205AC on the iron core center side at the joints 231A and 233A on both ends. The lower frame 205AL and 205AR on the return leg side are separated from each other and electrically insulated from each other, and the lower frame 205B is joined to the lower frame part 205BC on the iron core center side and the lower frame on the return leg side at joints 231B and 233B on both ends. The parts 205BL and 205BR are separated from each other and electrically insulated from each other, and are electrically conductively connected at other joints. 26 is configured such that the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the cross bar are completely grounded, and that the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the cross bar are not formed with an annular short circuit, Eddy current is not generated in the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate, but the short circuit is not formed between the upper and lower frames so that the magnetic flux penetrating the three-phase five-legged core cannot be shielded. Eddy current is generated.
[0052]
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an electrically connected state of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar of the transformer according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of FIG. 11 is an application of the present invention to a transformer of a three-phase five-leg iron core, and is electrically insulated in the configuration of the conventional three-phase five-leg iron core transformer shown in FIG. The joint location is also conductively connected. The rest of FIG. 11 is the same as the configuration of FIG. 26, and the same parts as in FIG. In FIG. 11, the upper and lower ends of the connecting plates 208A, 209A, 210A, 221A, 222A on the near side in the steel plate stacking direction of the three-phase five-leg iron core are electrically connected to the upper frame 204A and the lower frame 205A, respectively. The upper and lower end portions of the connecting plates 208B, 209B, 210B, 221B, and 222B on the depth side in the steel sheet lamination direction of the iron core are also conductively connected to the upper frame 204B and the lower frame 205B, respectively. Furthermore, the upper frame 204A side of the crossbars 211A and 211B are both conductively connected to the upper frame 204A, and the upper frame 4B side of the crossbars 211A and 211B are both conductively connected to the upper frame 204B. Further, the lower frame 5A side of the cross bars 212A, 212B, and 212C are all conductively connected to the lower frame 205A, and the lower frame 205B side of the cross bars 212A, 212B, and 212C are all conductively connected to the lower frame 205B. In addition, the lower frames 205A and 205B are connected to the lower frame portion on the iron core central portion side and the lower frame portion on the return leg side as shown in FIG. 26 at the joint portions 231A, 233A and 231B, 233B on both ends. Rather than being separated, the lower frame portion on the iron core center side and the lower frame portion on the return leg side are configured to be conductively connected. The lower frame 205B is connected to the ground E. As described above, in the configuration of FIG. 11, all the joint portions of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the cross bar are conductively connected.
[0053]
In the configuration of FIG. 11, on the front side of the three-phase five-leg iron core in the steel plate stacking direction, an annular first short-circuit conductor that is electrically short-circuited by the connecting plate 208A, the upper frame 204A, the connecting plate 209A, and the lower frame 205A. The connecting plate 209A, the upper frame 204A, the connecting plate 210A, and the lower frame 205A form a second short-circuit conductor, and the connecting plate 221A, the upper frame 204A, the connecting plate 208A, and the lower plate A third short-circuit conductor is formed by the frame 205A, and a fourth short-circuit conductor is formed by the connecting plate 210A, the upper frame 204A, the connecting plate 222A, and the lower frame 205A. These four short-circuit conductors respectively circulate around the outer periphery on the front side of four iron core windows of a three-phase five-legged iron core not shown. Therefore, a magnetic flux formed by a current flowing in a current lead (not shown) passes through the short-circuit conductor, and an annular eddy current I flows through each short-circuit conductor, for example, as indicated by an arrow. The eddy current I shields a magnetic flux that attempts to penetrate a three-phase five-legged iron core (not shown). For this reason, it is difficult for eddy currents to flow through a steel plate of a three-phase five-legged iron core.
[0054]
An annular fifth short-circuit conductor that is electrically short-circuited by the connecting plate 208B, the upper frame 204B, the connecting plate 209B, and the lower frame 205B is also formed on the depth side of the three-phase five-leg iron core in the steel plate stacking direction. The connection plate 209B, the upper frame 204B, the connection plate 210B, and the lower frame 205B form a sixth short-circuit conductor, and the connection plate 221B, the upper frame 204B, the connection plate 208B, and the lower frame 205B A seventh short-circuit conductor is formed, and an eighth short-circuit conductor is formed by the connecting plate 210B, the upper frame 204B, the connecting plate 222B, and the lower frame 205B, and these four short-circuit conductors are not shown in the three-phase 5 The outer circumferences on the depth side of the four iron core windows of the leg iron cores are respectively circulated. Therefore, the configuration of FIG. 11 is also effective when the magnetic flux from the current lead enters from both sides of the three-phase five-leg iron core in the steel plate lamination direction. It is suitable for the case where a large current flows through any of the current leads.
[0055]
In the configuration of FIG. 11, the upper frame 204A side of the cross bars 211A, 211B is conductively connected to the upper frame 204A, and the lower frame 205A side of the cross bars 212A, 212B, 212C is conductively connected to the lower frame 205A. As a result, the crossbar 211A, the connecting plate 208A, the crossbar 212A, and the connecting plate 208B form one short circuit portion, and the crossbar 211B, the connecting plate 210A, the crossbar 212C, and the connecting plate 210B A short circuit is formed. Even if the crossbar and the connecting plate are not directly fixed and are fixed to different parts of the upper and lower frames, the crossbar and the connecting plate are electrically connected via the upper and lower frames. If it is made to connect, a short circuit part can be formed. That is, the short circuit portion is formed by the crossbar and the short circuit conductor.
[0056]
In the three-phase five-legged iron core, the magnetic flux induced by the current lead tries to penetrate from the left and right direction of the iron core central part composed of the three main legs around which the windings are wound. Since the eddy current I flows through the short-circuit portion formed by the short-circuit conductor, the magnetic flux hardly enters the central portion of the iron core. Thereby, the eddy current induced in the iron core can be further reduced. This allows a larger current to flow through the low-voltage winding and further increases the capacity of the transformer.
[0057]
In the embodiment of FIG. 11 described above, the joints of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar are all conductively connected, as in the embodiment of FIG. The short-circuit conductors may be arranged on both sides of the three-phase five-leg iron core in the steel plate stacking direction, and the short-circuit portions may not be formed on both sides in the left-right direction at the center of the iron core. In the case where the three-phase five-leg iron core is arranged only on one side of the steel plate lamination direction and the magnetic flux from the current lead enters only from one side of the three-phase five-leg iron core in the steel plate lamination direction, the same as the embodiment of FIG. Moreover, it is good also as a structure by which a short circuit conductor is distribute | arranged only to the one side of the steel plate lamination direction of a 3 phase 5 leg iron core.
[0058]
FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, connecting plates, and crossbars of a further different conventional transformer, and is a transformer having a single-phase, two-legged core structure having two main legs. It shows the electrical connection state of the frame, connecting plate and crossbar of the container. In the configuration of FIG. 27, connecting plates 308A, 308B, 309A, and 309B, upper frames 304A and 304B, and lower frames 305A and 305B that are arranged along the front and depth steel plate surfaces of the two main legs, respectively. Of the joints between the upper crossbars 311A and 311B and the lower crossbars 312A and 312B, the lower ends of the connecting plates 308A and 309A on the front side and the lower frame 305A are insulated, and the depth side The lower end of the connecting plate 308B and the lower frame 305B are insulated, the upper frame 304A side and the upper frame 304A of the crossbar 311A are insulated, and the lower frame 305A side and the lower frame 305A of the crossbar 312A are insulated. At the same time, conductive connection is made at other joints. 26 is configured such that the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the cross bar are completely grounded, and that the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the cross bar are not formed with an annular short circuit, Eddy current is not generated in the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate, but the annular short circuit is not formed so that the magnetic flux penetrating the single-phase two-legged iron core cannot be shielded. Eddy current is generated.
[0059]
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, a connecting plate, and a cross bar of a transformer according to still another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment of FIG. 12 is an application of the present invention to a single-phase two-leg iron core transformer, and is electrically insulated in the configuration of the conventional single-phase two-leg iron transformer shown in FIG. The joint location is also conductively connected. The rest of FIG. 12 is the same as the configuration of FIG. 27, and the same parts as those of FIG. In FIG. 12, the upper and lower ends of the connecting plates 308A and 309A on the near side in the steel plate stacking direction of the single-phase two-leg iron core are electrically connected to the upper frame 304A and the lower frame 305A, respectively, The upper and lower ends of the connecting plates 308B and 309B on the depth side are also conductively connected to the upper frame 304B and the lower frame 305B, respectively. Further, the upper frames 304A of the crossbars 311A and 311B are both conductively connected to the upper frame 304A, and the upper frames 304B of the crossbars 311A and 311B are both conductively connected to the upper frame 304B. The lower frames 305A of the cross bars 312A and 312B are all conductively connected to the lower frame 305A, and the lower frames 305B of the cross bars 312A and 312B are all conductively connected to the lower frame 305B. The lower frame 305B is connected to the ground E. As described above, in the configuration of FIG. 12, all joint portions of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar are conductively connected.
[0060]
In the configuration of FIG. 12, a first short-circuit conductor that is electrically short-circuited by the connecting plate 308A, the upper frame 304A, the connecting plate 309A, and the lower frame 305A is formed on the near side in the steel plate stacking direction of the single-phase two-legged iron core. The first short-circuit conductor circulates around the outer periphery of the front side of one iron core window of a single-phase two-legged iron core (not shown). Therefore, a magnetic flux formed by a current flowing in a current lead (not shown) passes through the first short-circuit conductor, and an annular eddy current I flows through the first short-circuit conductor, for example, as indicated by an arrow. . The eddy current I shields a magnetic flux that attempts to penetrate a single-phase two-legged iron core (not shown). For this reason, it is difficult for eddy currents to flow through the single-phase two-legged steel sheet.
[0061]
In addition, an annular second short-circuit conductor that is electrically short-circuited by the connecting plate 308B, the upper frame 304B, the connecting plate 309B, and the lower frame 305B is also formed on the depth side of the single-phase two-leg iron core in the steel plate stacking direction. The second short-circuit conductor circulates around the outer periphery on the depth side of one core window of a single-phase two-legged iron core (not shown). For this reason, the configuration of FIG. 12 is also effective when the magnetic flux from the current lead enters from both sides of the single-phase double-leg iron core in the steel plate lamination direction. It is suitable for the case where a large current flows through any of the current leads.
[0062]
In the configuration of FIG. 12, the upper frame 304A side of the cross bars 311A and 311B is conductively connected to the upper frame 304A, and the lower frame 305A side of the cross bars 312A and 312BC is conductively connected to the lower frame 305A. As a result, the crossbar 311A, the connecting plate 308A, the crossbar 312A, and the connecting plate 308B form one short circuit portion, and the crossbar 311B, the connecting plate 309A, the crossbar 312B, and the connecting plate 309B A short circuit is formed. Even if the crossbar and the connecting plate are not directly fixed and are fixed to different parts of the upper and lower frames, the crossbar and the connecting plate are electrically connected via the upper and lower frames. If it is made to connect, a short circuit part can be formed. That is, the short circuit portion is formed by the crossbar and the short circuit conductor.
[0063]
In a single-phase two-legged iron core, the magnetic flux induced by the current lead tries to penetrate from the left and right direction of the iron core, but eddy current I flows through the short-circuit portion formed by the crossbar and the short-circuit conductor. , Magnetic flux is difficult to enter the iron core. Thereby, the eddy current induced in the iron core can be further reduced. This allows a larger current to flow through the low-voltage winding and further increases the capacity of the transformer.
[0064]
In the embodiment of FIG. 12, similar to the embodiment of FIG. 3, the joints of the upper and lower frames, the connecting plate, and the crossbar are all conductively connected. Similar to the example, the short-circuit conductors may be arranged on both sides of the single-phase two-legged iron core in the steel plate stacking direction, and the short-circuit portions may not be formed on both sides of the iron core in the left-right direction. When the magnetic core is arranged only on one side in the steel sheet lamination direction and the magnetic flux from the current lead enters only from one side in the steel lamination direction of the single-phase two-leg iron core, the single phase is the same as in the embodiment of FIG. It is good also as a structure by which a short circuit conductor is distribute | arranged only to the one side of the steel plate lamination direction of a 2 leg iron core.
[0065]
Further, in the configuration of the embodiment of FIGS. 11 and 12 described above, a conductive plate made of a copper material or an aluminum material is disposed along each of the connecting plates, which is equivalent to the embodiment of FIG. Cross plates made of copper or aluminum are respectively passed to the end between the upper frame and the upper frame on the depth side and the end between the lower frame on the near side and the lower frame on the front side. A structure in which all the joints between the upper and lower frames and each cross plate and the upper and lower frames are electrically conductively connected, or a horizontal frame portion disposed along the upper and lower frames, similar to the embodiment of FIG. It is also possible to apply a configuration in which the vertical frame portions arranged along the connecting plate are coupled to each other and the short-circuit conductor is formed by a frame made of a copper material or an aluminum material.
[0066]
Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to a transformer, and is generally applied to an induction device in which a winding is wound around an iron core that passes through an iron core window and a current lead is drawn from the winding. That is, the present invention is also applied to a reactor composed of a single winding and an iron core, and the outer shape of the induction electric appliance can be reduced by making the windings one layer.
[0067]
In addition, the iron core in the above-described embodiments is configured by laminating steel plates, but even if it is a block-shaped iron core, by providing a short-circuit conductor or a short-circuit portion, the magnetic flux induced from the current lead can be reduced. The eddy currents that are shielded and induced on the surface of the iron core are reduced. As a result, an effect of preventing the temperature of the iron core from rising occurs. Therefore, even in this case, the winding can be made into one layer, and the outer shape of the induction device can be reduced.
[0068]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the outer shape of the induction device by making the winding into one layer by causing the annular short-circuit conductor to circulate around at least one opening of the iron core window. Is possible.
Further, in such a configuration, it is not necessary to newly add parts by forming the short-circuit conductor with the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate by electrically connecting the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate to the upper and lower frames, respectively. A short-circuit conductor can be formed at low cost.
[0069]
In such a configuration, a short-circuit conductor is formed by placing a conductive plate made of a material such as a copper material or an aluminum material having a resistivity lower than that of the iron material on the connecting plate, and electrically connecting the upper and lower ends of the conductive plate to the upper and lower frames, respectively. By using the upper and lower frames and the conductive plate, it is possible to increase the capacity of the induction device and increase the efficiency of the induction device.
[0070]
Further, in this configuration, the frame is formed by joining a horizontal frame portion in which the short-circuit conductor is disposed along the upper and lower frames and a vertical frame portion disposed along the connecting plate, and the frame body is an iron material. By using a material such as a copper material or aluminum material having a lower resistivity, it is possible to further increase the capacity of the induction device and further increase the efficiency of the induction device.
[0071]
Further, in such a configuration, by making the short-circuit conductor circulate around the openings on both sides of the iron core window, it is possible to further increase the capacity of the induction electric device and further increase the efficiency of the induction electric device. .
Further, in such a configuration, by arranging the annular short-circuit portion on the side surface of the iron core in the iron core window penetration direction, it is possible to further increase the capacity of the induction electric appliance and further increase the efficiency of the induction electric appliance. Can do.
[0072]
Further, in this configuration, the short-circuit portion is formed by the upper and lower cross-bars and the short-circuit conductor by conductively connecting the both ends of the upper and lower cross-bars to the short-circuit conductors disposed on the openings on both sides of the iron core window. By doing so, it is not necessary to add a new part, and the short-circuit portion can be formed at low cost.
In such a configuration, the upper and lower cross plates made of a material such as a copper material or an aluminum material having a resistivity lower than that of the iron material are horizontally placed between the pair of upper frames and between the pair of lower frames in the direction of the iron core window penetration. By connecting the both ends of the upper and lower cross plates to the short-circuit conductors disposed on the openings on both sides of the iron core window, it is possible to further increase the capacity of the induction device and to increase the efficiency of the induction device. Can be further enhanced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, a connecting plate, and a crossbar of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, a connecting plate, and a crossbar of a transformer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, a connecting plate, and a cross bar of a transformer according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration of upper and lower frames, a connecting plate, and a cross bar of a transformer according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
5 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion P in FIG.
6 is a bar graph showing the result of calculation for the transformer of FIG. 20 how the eddy current induced in the iron core changes depending on the presence or absence of a conductive plate.
FIG. 7 is a bar graph showing the results of calculating how the eddy current induced in the short-circuit conductor changes depending on the presence or absence of a conductive plate for the transformer of FIG.
FIG. 8 is a bar graph showing the results of calculating the transformer of FIG. 20 how the loss of eddy currents induced in the iron core and the short-circuit conductor changes depending on the presence or absence of a conductive plate.
FIG. 9 is a partially broken perspective view showing configurations of upper and lower frames, a connecting plate, and a cross bar of a transformer according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the frame body of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, a connecting plate, and a cross bar of a transformer according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, a connecting plate, and a cross bar of a transformer according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a front view showing the contents of a conventional transformer.
14 is a perspective view of the content configuration of the transformer of FIG. 13 as viewed obliquely upward from below.
15 is a connection diagram of the low-voltage winding of the transformer in FIG.
16 is a perspective view showing a configuration of upper and lower frames, a connecting plate, and a cross bar of the transformer of FIG.
FIG. 17 is a front view showing a content configuration of a transformer in which a low-voltage winding is wound in one layer.
18 is a wiring diagram of the low-voltage winding of the transformer in FIG.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the content configuration of the transformer of FIG. 17 as viewed obliquely upward from below.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of an upper and lower frame, a connecting plate, and a crossbar of a conventional transformer.
FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, connecting plates, and crossbars of different conventional transformers.
22 is a perspective view of the content configuration of a transformer in which current leads are wired differently from the case of FIG. 19 as viewed obliquely upward from below.
23 is a perspective view of the content configuration of a transformer wired in such a manner that the current leads are further different from those in FIG. 19, as viewed obliquely from above.
24 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of the transformer of FIG.
FIG. 25 is a magnetic field distribution diagram when the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate are connected as shown in FIG. 1 in the transformer of FIG.
FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, connecting plates, and crossbars of a further different transformer.
FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing an electrical connection state of upper and lower frames, connecting plates, and crossbars of a further different transformer.
[Explanation of symbols]
4A, 4B, 204A, 204B, 304A, 304B: Upper frame, 5A, 5B, 205A, 205B, 305A, 305B: Lower frame, 6: Three-phase iron core, 6A, 6B, 6C: Main leg, 6D: Upper yoke, 6E: Lower yoke, 7uv, 7vw, 7wu, 14uv, 14vw, 14wu, 15uv, 15vw, 15wu: Current lead, 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B, 10A, 10B, 208A, 208B, 209A, 209B, 210A, 210B, 221A, 221B, 222A, 222B, 308A, 308B, 309A, 309B: connecting plate, 11A, 11B, 12A, 12B, 12C, 211A, 211B, 212A, 212B, 212C, 311A, 311B, 312A, 312B: crossbar, 1U, 2V, 3W: High voltage winding, 1u, 2v 3w: Low voltage winding, E: Grounding, 80A, 80B, 90A, 90B, 100A, 100B: Conductive plate, 21A, 21B, 22A, 22B: Cross plate, 23: Frame body, 23A: Horizontal frame portion, 23B: Vertical Frame

Claims (12)

In an induction device in which a winding is wound around an iron core that passes through an iron core window, and a current lead is drawn from the winding, the winding is made into one layer, and an annular short-circuit conductor is connected to at least one of the iron core windows. A plurality of main legs in which the iron cores are arranged vertically, an upper yoke that joins the upper ends of the main legs, and the main yoke. A lower yoke for joining lower end portions of the legs, and the iron core window is formed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke, and the upper yoke is formed on both sides in the iron core window penetrating direction with a pair of metal upper frames. The lower yoke is sandwiched from both sides in the iron core window penetration direction with a pair of metal lower frames, and a metal connecting plate is vertically installed between the upper frame and the lower frame Arranged along both side surfaces of the main leg in the core window penetrating direction, metal upper and lower crossbars are horizontally disposed between the pair of upper frames and the pair of lower frames in the direction of the iron core window penetrating respectively. The winding is wound around the main leg and the connecting plate. The upper and lower ends of the connecting plate are electrically connected to the upper and lower frames, respectively, thereby connecting the short-circuit conductor to the upper and lower frames and the connecting plate. An induction appliance characterized by being formed by . In an induction device in which a winding is wound around an iron core that passes through an iron core window, and a current lead is drawn from the winding, the winding is made into one layer, and an annular short-circuit conductor is connected to at least one of the iron core windows. be one and formed by formed so as to surround the periphery of the opening of a plurality of main legs the core is vertically aligned, the upper yoke joining the upper ends of the main leg, the main A lower yoke for joining lower end portions of the legs, and the iron core window is formed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke, and the upper yoke is formed on both sides in the iron core window penetrating direction with a pair of metal upper frames. The lower yoke is sandwiched from both sides in the iron core window penetration direction with a pair of metal lower frames, and a metal connecting plate is vertically installed between the upper frame and the lower frame Arranged along both side surfaces of the main leg in the core window penetrating direction, metal upper and lower crossbars are horizontally disposed between the pair of upper frames and the pair of lower frames in the direction of the iron core window penetrating respectively. is bridged, the main leg and der those windings is wound around the connecting plate it is, placed along the conductive plate made of a material having a small resistivity than iron to the connecting plate, the upper and lower conductive plates An induction device characterized in that the short-circuit conductor is formed by an upper and lower frame and a conductive plate by electrically connecting both ends to the upper and lower frames . 3. The induction apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the conductive plate is formed of a copper material . 3. The induction device according to claim 2 , wherein the conductive plate is made of an aluminum material . In an induction device in which a winding is wound around an iron core that passes through an iron core window, and a current lead is drawn from the winding, the winding is made into one layer, and an annular short-circuit conductor is connected to at least one of the iron core windows. A plurality of main legs in which the iron cores are arranged vertically, an upper yoke that joins the upper ends of the main legs, and the main yoke. A lower yoke for joining lower end portions of the legs, and the iron core window is formed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke, and the upper yoke is formed on both sides in the iron core window penetrating direction with a pair of metal upper frames. The lower yoke is sandwiched from both sides in the iron core window penetration direction with a pair of metal lower frames, and a metal connecting plate is vertically installed between the upper frame and the lower frame Arranged along both side surfaces of the main leg in the core window penetrating direction, metal upper and lower crossbars are horizontally disposed between the pair of upper frames and the pair of lower frames in the direction of the iron core window penetrating respectively. It is constructed and wound around the main leg and the connecting plate, and the short-circuit conductor is arranged along the connecting plate along with a horizontal frame portion arranged along the upper and lower frames. An induction electric machine characterized in that the vertical frame portion is made of a frame body joined to each other, and the frame body is made of a material having a resistivity lower than that of an iron material . 6. The induction device according to claim 5 , wherein the frame is made of a copper material . 6. The induction device according to claim 5 , wherein the frame is made of an aluminum material . The induction device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the short-circuit conductor is disposed in openings on both sides of the iron core window . 9. The induction device according to claim 8 , wherein an annular short-circuit portion is disposed on a side surface of the iron core in a direction through which the iron core window penetrates, and both end portions of the upper and lower crossbars are openings on both sides of the iron core window. The induction device is characterized in that the short-circuit portion is formed by the upper and lower crossbars and the short-circuit conductor by conductively connecting to the short-circuit conductors arranged in each . The induction electric appliance according to claim 8 , wherein an annular short-circuit portion is arranged on a side surface of the iron core in a direction through the iron core window, and the upper and lower cross plates made of a material having a resistivity lower than that of the iron material are a pair. Between the upper frame and between the pair of lower frames, each is horizontally installed in the direction through the core window, and both ends of the upper and lower cross plates are electrically connected to the short-circuit conductors disposed at the openings on both sides of the core window. By connecting, the said short circuit part is formed with an up- and-down cross board and a short circuit conductor, The induction electric device characterized by the above-mentioned . The induction machine according to claim 10 , wherein the cross plate is formed of a copper material . The induction machine according to claim 10 , wherein the cross plate is formed of an aluminum material .

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