JP4067280B2 - Honing vibration attachment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an attachment that is attached to a processing machine that performs processing by rotating a spindle, such as an upright drilling machine, a machining center, or a CNC milling machine, and that applies rotation and axial vibration to a processing tool.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a honing machine that grinds the inner surface of a hole provided in a workpiece, attaches an abrasive to a tool called a horn, inserts it into the hole of the workpiece, and polishes it by moving it up and down while rotating. . In this case, in order to obtain a good polished surface, it is known that it is effective to vibrate a horn as a tool up and down (axial direction) in addition to rotation and vertical movement.
[0003]
As a mechanism for applying vibration to a tool such as a horn, a mechanism that moves the eccentric shaft up and down by rotating a motor with a motor (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-288971), or an eccentric disk having an inclined surface Conventionally known is a swinging lever abutted on the shaft that vibrates the main shaft (Japanese Patent No. 2602165). All of these conventionally known ones urge the main shaft downward with a spring, so a large force is required when moving upward, and because an eccentric load is applied, wear and breakage are likely to occur. There is a problem.
[0004]
As an improvement on the problems of the conventional apparatus, a honing machine capable of vibrating the main shaft in the axial direction with a smaller force has been proposed (Japanese Patent No. 3711185). The honing machine according to Japanese Patent No. 3071185 has a mechanism as shown in FIG. That is, a spindle head 101 that moves relative to the workpiece, and a horn 102 is coaxially held at one end, the axial direction is the same as the relative movement direction of the spindle head, and the spindle head is rotatable. And a drive motor having a main shaft 103 supported so as to be movable in the axial direction, a drive motor 104 fixed to the head of the main shaft and having a drive shaft 104 for rotating the main shaft, and located between the main shaft and the drive shaft. The intermediate shaft 105 for transmitting the rotation of the drive shaft to the main shaft, one end where the horn is not held, one end of the intermediate shaft, the drive shaft and the other end of the intermediate shaft, and two or more bending points Two connecting members (universal joints) 106 and 106 that can transmit rotation even in a bent state, and the intermediate shaft is attached in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction in order to reciprocate the main shaft in the axial direction. The intermediate shaft is reciprocally moved in parallel. That and an intermediate shaft reciprocating mechanism 107.
[0005]
In this apparatus, when the drive shaft 104 is rotated, the rotation is transmitted to the main shaft 103 via the intermediate shaft 105 and the two universal joints 106, 106. As shown in FIG. When 105 is translated in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft 103, the intermediate shaft 105 moves up and down, and this movement is transmitted to the horn as a tool through the main shaft.
[0006]
As shown in FIG. 10, in a processing machine having a rotating spindle, the position of the cross pin hole is set at a predetermined distance without crossing one point as shown in FIG. Hook joints formed by connecting the driving joint 121 and the intermediate joint (distance L between the fulcrums) 120 and between the intermediate joint and the driven joint 122 through the connecting pieces shifted by d are respectively connected to the driving joint 121. A vibration generator 125 that is incorporated in a joint frame so that the driven joint can be moved in the horizontal direction so that the axis of the driven joint 122 is displaced with respect to the axis has been known before the application of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent No. 3711185. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-41908). In this device, the driving joint 121 side is coupled to the main spindle 127 of the drilling machine, and the drill 128 is mounted on the driven coupling 122 side via a chuck so that drilling can be performed with two vertical vibrations per rotation of the drill. It has become. An angle α in the figure is an inclination angle caused by eccentricity. Note that the driven joint side needs to be aligned with the work piece because the misalignment occurs in the direction perpendicular to the main shaft 127.
[0007]
The honing machine according to Japanese Patent No. 3071185 is provided with an intermediate shaft reciprocating mechanism in addition to a rotating mechanism to obtain vibration by reciprocating the intermediate shaft in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. The apparatus of No. 52-41908 can be said to be structurally simpler than the structure described in Japanese Patent No. 3711185, because it can apply axial vibration to the tool using the rotational motion itself.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the vibration generating device for a honing machine according to the above-mentioned Japanese Patent No. 3711185 is an output of a drive motor with an intermediate shaft 105 having shaft connecting members (universal joints) 106, 106 having two or more bending points attached to upper and lower ends. An intermediate shaft is interposed between the drive shaft 104 and the main shaft, and the intermediate shaft is moved parallel to the drive shaft and the main shaft axis to vibrate the intermediate shaft up and down, and this vibration is transmitted to the main shaft. Since the tool vibrates up and down, the two universal joints 106 and 106 and the intermediate shaft 105 are indispensable, and there is a problem that the up and down length is increased accordingly. Further, a lateral movement device for reciprocating the intermediate shaft 105 in the lateral direction at a predetermined cycle, for example, a device in which the eccentric disk 111 is attached to the output shaft of the motor 110 is necessary. Become. Therefore, when such an apparatus is to be assembled to an existing processing machine, a large space is required between the rotating spindle of the processing machine and the workpiece, which causes a problem in practice.
[0009]
On the other hand, the device of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-41908 is a device in which a vibration generating device is incorporated in a drill cutting device main body. Since it is necessary to align the center of the hole after the reaming process, which is a pre-process, it is inconvenient in practice. Accordingly, the present invention effectively utilizes the principle of the above-described conventionally known vibration generating mechanism, and can be easily mounted on an existing upright drilling machine, machining center, CNC milling machine, etc., and can be applied with vibration to a tool. It is an object to provide a simple vibration generating attachment.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following configuration. That is, the honing vibration attachment according to the present invention is an attachment that is attached to a processing machine having a rotating main shaft, transmits the rotation of the main shaft to a processing tool, and imparts axial vibration to the tool. Two crossings in the universal joint and the input shaft connected to the rotation spindle of the processing machine, the misalignment joint that outputs the rotation eccentrically by a plurality of discs that are superimposed on each other across the link device that performs the crank motion A hook joint having a structure in which the position of the shaft to be moved is shifted in the transmission direction, and an output shaft for supporting the tool that is rotatable and freely vibrated in the axial direction, and the output shaft and the input shaft are connected to the misalignment joint. And a hook joint.
[0011]
This attachment includes a misalignment joint composed of a plurality of disks and a plurality of links disposed between the disks, and a hook joint having a structure in which the positions of two mutually intersecting shafts in the universal joint are shifted in the transmission direction. It is characterized in that is used. As this type of misalignment joint, one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-19486 (“torque transmission device”), specifically, for example, “Three Nine Coupling” manufactured by Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. ( SC series) (trade name) can be preferably used. FIG. 2 is an external view showing an example of this misalignment joint. The principle of the misalignment joint will be described later.
[0012]
This vibration generating attachment uses a misalignment joint with a relatively short overall length and a hook joint. Like the intermediate shaft provided in the honing machine according to Japanese Patent No. 3071185, the vibration generating attachment is vertically moved by a pair of universal joints. An intermediate shaft that is connected to this shaft and moves up and down itself and a device that reciprocally moves the intermediate shaft in a predetermined cycle are unnecessary, so that the structure is simple and the total length is short. In addition, the misalignment joint has a structure in which a plurality of disks are overlapped with a link device interposed therebetween, and thus is robust and has a short overall length. For this reason, it is suitable for use in honing or lapping by attaching to a commercially available machining center, CNC milling machine, upright drilling machine or the like.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described. FIG. 1 shows an example of an attachment according to the present invention. This attachment 1 includes a machine frame 5 attached to a quill 3 of an upright drilling machine M representing an example of a processing machine, and is attached to an upper end portion of the machine frame. The input shaft 7 is rotatably supported. The input shaft 7 is connected to the main shaft 8 of the machine, the rotation of the main shaft is transmitted. Reference numeral 9 denotes a detachable fixing means capable of firmly fixing the machine frame 5 to the processing machine 2. In the illustrated example, a fixing ring 9 a that is fastened and fixed to the outer periphery of the quill 3 of the processing machine, and the fixing ring are tightened. Although it has bolts 9b, any means can be used as long as it can firmly attach the machine frame 5 to the processing machine, and it is screwed into another appropriate means, for example, a screw hole provided on the processing machine side. Various means such as those provided with bolts can be employed.
[0014]
An input disk 11 which is one end disk of the misalignment joint 10 is fixed to the lower end portion of the input shaft 7. The misalignment joint 10 includes a plurality of (three in the illustrated example) disks, that is, upper and lower end disks 11, 13 and a center disk 12, between the input disk 11 and the center disk 12, and between the center disk 12 and the other end. Between the output disk 13 which is a disk, link devices 14 and 14 including three links supported rotatably by a bearing are interposed.
[0015]
The operating principle of this misalignment joint 10 is as follows. That is, FIG. 3 schematically shows the relationship between the end disk and the center disk. The disk, the link, and the pin are all rigid bodies and the nodes are rotatably connected, and the disks are also rotatable. To do. When the end disk 11 rotates α degrees around the point O and moves from A → a, B → b, C → c in the figure, the links AA ′, BB ′, CC ′ become aA ′, bB ′, cC ′. However, since the link length does not change, it moves from A ′ → a ′, B ′ → b ′, and C ′ → c ′.
[0016]
Here, considering the quadrilateral OAA′O ′, since there is a relationship of OA = O′A ′, AA ′ = OO ′, this quadrilateral is a parallelogram. Further, since AA ′ = aa ′, the quadrilateral Oaa′O ′ is also a parallelogram, and the angle AOa = the angle A′O′a ′ = α. This relationship is the same for the other links BB ′ and CC ′. From the above, it can be seen that the center disk 12 rotates exactly the same as the end disk 11. The same applies to the center disk 12 and the other end disk 13. That is, even if the shafts of the three disks are eccentric, the rotation of the input disk 11 can be accurately transmitted to the output disk 13 via the link device 14.
[0017]
The input shaft 7 is connected to the upper surface side of the center of the input disk 11 of the misaligned joint 10, and the input shaft 7 is rotatably supported on the machine frame 5 by a bearing. The input shaft 7 is connected to the main shaft 8 of the processing machine M by a conventionally known appropriate connecting means. An eccentricity adjusting device 20 as a lateral movement device is attached to the output disk 13. The eccentricity adjusting device (lateral movement device) 20 moves the output shaft 15 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the output shaft (not reciprocal vibration), and adjusts and fixes the position of the output shaft in the lateral direction. A lateral movement member 23 supported by a bolt 21 screwed into a screw hole provided in the machine frame 5 and a slide shaft 22 slidably supported by a frame on the opposite side of the machine frame 5; An output shaft 15 fixed to the output disk 13 is rotatably supported by a bearing in a circular hole provided in the central portion of the laterally moving member. A drive side frame 31 of the hook joint 30 is fixed to the lower side of the output shaft 15.
[0018]
The hook joint 30 has the same structure as a conventionally known one described in the Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-41908. As illustrated in FIG. 4, a coupling piece is provided between the driving side frame 31 and the driven side frame 32. An intermediate joint 35 is attached via 33, 33. The coupling piece 33 is provided with pin holes 33a and 33b in directions perpendicular to each other, and the positions of these two pin holes are shifted by a distance d. Thus, since the positions of the two pin holes in the direction intersecting each other are shifted, vertical vibrations occur during rotation. This vibration is twice per revolution. In addition, the axial vibration of the hook joint has been reported in detail (see Suo, Adachi, “Analysis of hook joint giving axial vibration”, Osaka Sangyo University Journal of Natural Science, 46, 1976, pages 61-67).
[0019]
Of the two pin holes, one pin hole 33a is inserted with a pin 34a supported by the driving side frame 31 or the driven side frame 32, and the coupling piece 33 is supported by this pin so as to be swingable. The other pin hole 33b is inserted with a pin 34b that supports the end of the intermediate joint 35 in a swingable manner.
[0020]
An output shaft 40 is attached to the driven side frame 32 of the hook joint 30. The output shaft 40 is supported by the machine frame 5 so as to be rotatable and vertically movable. A lower end portion of the output shaft 40 is a tool attachment portion, and a chuck 42 to which a tool H such as a horn is attached is attached.
[0021]
Next, how to use the attachment 1 will be described. The attachment 1 is used by being attached to a processing machine M that performs processing by rotating the spindle, for example, an upright drilling machine shown in FIG. For this attachment, the upper part of the machine frame 5 may be fixed to the quill 3 of the processing machine M by fixing means. At the same time, the input shaft 7 of the misalignment joint 10 is connected to the main shaft 8 of the processing machine, and a tool H such as a horn is attached to the chuck 42 provided on the output shaft 40 of the attachment 1. The workpiece W is positioned and fixed to the lower side of the tool as in the conventional case.
[0022]
In this state, the processing machine M is activated to rotate the spindle 8 and the eccentric amount adjusting device 20 relatively moves the three disks of the misalignment joint 10 in the lateral direction by a desired amount. Thereby, the rotation of the main shaft 8 is eccentric and transmitted to the drive side frame 31 of the hook joint 30. Since the driven side frame 32 of the hook joint 30 is held by the output shaft 40 so as to be movable up and down on the same axis as the axis of the main shaft 8, if the axis of the drive side frame 31 is displaced from the axis of the main shaft, The intermediate joint 35 is inclined. For this reason, the driven side frame 32 is pulled up by the inclination amount together with the output shaft 40 and the tool. The amplitude of the vertical vibration of the tool is determined by the amount of eccentricity, and this amount of eccentricity can be adjusted as appropriate even when the eccentricity adjusting device 20 is in operation.
[0023]
As described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-41908, when the input side and the output side of the hook joint are rotated in an eccentric manner as described above, vertical vibrations are generated on the output side. . For this reason, when this attachment 1 is attached to a processing machine and processed, vertical vibrations can be applied to the tool simultaneously with rotation.
[0024]
Since this attachment only uses a misalignment joint and one hook joint 30 as a joint, the overall length (vertical length in the illustrated example) can be shortened. Further, as a device for decentering the rotation shaft core, a lateral movement device (eccentricity adjusting device) 20 that holds the eccentric position by relatively shifting the disk of the misalignment joint 10 is used, so that the device is robust. Yes, rotation can be accurately transmitted. Further, unlike a conventionally known honing machine (Japanese Patent No. 3071185), a universal joint is connected to both sides and there is no intermediate shaft that moves up and down. Can do.
[0025]
Next, FIG. 5 shows an embodiment different from the above, and in this embodiment, a hook joint intermediate joint 35 ′ is twisted 90 degrees. If it does in this way, the vibration per rotation will be 1 time. Other parts are the same as in the above embodiment.
[0026]
FIG. 6 shows a further different embodiment. In this embodiment, the two pins 51 and 52 of the lower joint portion 50 of the intermediate joint 35 of the hook joint are orthogonal to each other like a normal universal joint. is doing. In this example, the total length is shortened by an amount corresponding to the length d of the pin position deviation.
[0027]
Further, FIG. 8 shows an example in which the attachment 1 is attached via a mounting device (holder) 60 that is mounted on the machining center. The mounting device 60 is configured to connect an input shaft 61 to a rotating shaft of a processing machine (machining center) and transmit the rotation to the input shaft 7 of the attachment 1. Thus, a processing machine using the mounting device prepared in advance is used. It is convenient because it can be attached and detached easily.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, the attachment according to the present invention is a novel one that has never existed in the past, and an inexpensive processing machine such as an upright drilling machine can be used without greatly modifying the existing processing machine. It became possible to perform honing and wrapping. Moreover, not only can the rotation of the spindle of the processing machine be efficiently transmitted to the tool, but also the tool can be vibrated up and down using this rotation itself, so that the tool is required to rotate and vibrate in the axial direction. It was suitable for mounting on the machine and processing. Furthermore, since an intermediate shaft that reciprocates up and down and a device that reciprocally moves the intermediate shaft back and forth are unnecessary, the structure is compact and robust. It is clear that this attachment can be used for processing other than the honing in the illustrated example.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating an example of an attachment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a misalignment joint.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the operating principle of the misalignment joint.
FIG. 4 is an external view showing a disassembled state of the hook joint.
FIG. 5 is an external view showing a hook joint different from the above.
FIG. 6 is an external view showing a different hook joint.
FIG. 7 is an external view illustrating an example of attachment to a drilling machine.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are an external view (a) of the attachment mounting apparatus and an external view (b) of the attachment. FIGS.
FIG. 9 is a structural explanatory view (a) of a conventionally known honing machine and an explanatory view (b) of an operation of an intermediate shaft.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of a conventionally known vibration drill cutting apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Attachment 5 Machine frame 7 Input shaft 8 Main shaft 10 Centering joint 20 Eccentricity adjustment device 30 Hook joint 40 Output shaft 42 Chuck M Processing machine H Tool W Non-working material

Claims (2)

An input shaft that is attached to a processing machine having a rotating main shaft, transmits the rotation of the main shaft to a machining tool, and applies axial vibration to the tool, and is connected to the rotating main shaft of the processing machine. And a misalignment joint that outputs the rotation eccentrically by a plurality of discs that are overlapped with each other across a link device that performs crank motion, and a structure in which the positions of two intersecting axes in the universal joint are shifted in the transmission direction A hook joint and an output shaft for supporting a tool that is rotatably and freely vibrated in an axial direction, the output shaft and the input shaft are connected via the misalignment joint and the hook joint, and the output shaft Is a vibration attachment for honing characterized by being supported by a machine frame so as to be concentric with the spindle of the processing machine . Honing vibration attachment according to claim 1, eccentricity amount adjusting device for adjusting the eccentric amount of the core difference joints are provided.

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