JP4066548B2 - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a grain insertion amount detection device and can be used for a grain drying device or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In conventional grain drying devices, strip detection sensors with contacts at appropriate intervals are provided suspended from the ceiling of the grain storage unit, and these detection signals are input to the controller to provide the current tension. The quantity can be detected (JP-A-8-128782).
[0003]
However, in the form having contacts at appropriate intervals as described above, since the contact is turned on by the grain pressure from the side, part or most of it is buried in the grain, and the circulation drying step However, if the grain flows down slowly, it may be pulled by the flow and the strip may be cut off.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above, the present invention has taken the following technical means. That is, in Claim 1, the storage tank (2), the drying chamber (3), the cereal collection chamber (4), the elevator (11) for lifting the grains collected in the cereal collection chamber (4), A control unit (80), a weight (64) is suspended by a rope (63) at a predetermined position on the inner ceiling of the storage tank (2), and the weight (64) is lowered to store stored grains. The top surface of the grain is grounded, and the descending distance to the grounding position or the rising distance from the grounding position to the winding state of the cord (63) is detected, and the control unit (80) Kernel characterized in that the amount of squeezed kernel is calculated based on the descending distance or ascending distance of the weight (64), and the maximum allowable descending distance of the weight (64) is preset for each different model The dryer configuration.
[0005]
Further, in claim 2, when the detection output or display output of the grain embedding amount does not rise even after a predetermined time has elapsed after the start of the descent operation of the weight (64), the weight (64) is wound up. The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the grain dryer is configured so that the amount of grain insertion can be manually input thereafter .
[0006]
[Effects of the invention]
As described above, the invention according to claim 1 is provided so as to contact the surface of the stretched grain while raising and lowering the weight, so that there is no possibility that the weight portion is buried in the grain, and the striated body is cut off. Can reduce the number of accidents. In addition, since it constitutes a switch for detecting the ground contact state of the weight, the grain surface layer position of the weight can be accurately determined, and the descending distance or rising distance of the striatum can be accurately measured. In addition, in the case of a grain dryer, since the drying unit and the cereal collection unit are shared and the models having different storage chamber capacities are often set, the maximum allowable fall distance of the weight (64) for each different model in the control unit By setting in advance, there is an effect of preventing excessive descent.
[0007]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the weight cannot be lowered due to being caught by a reinforcing tension bar or the like in the middle even if the weight is lowered to the maximum descending distance, the weight is wound up manually. You can set up a stretched grain.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a machine frame of a grain dryer, and a storage tank 2, a drying room 3, and a grain collection room 4 are vertically installed in the machine frame from above, and among these, the drying room 3 is hot air that leads to a burner 5. The grain flow-down passages 9 and 9 are formed in a V shape between the chamber 6 and the air discharge chamber 8 communicating with the air discharge device 7, and forward and reverse of the feeding valve 10 provided at the lower part of each flow-down passage 9 and 9. It is the structure which dries hot grain on the grain which flows down every predetermined amount by rotation interlocking, and dries.
[0009]
In the outside of the machine frame 1, a groining machine 11 for raising and reducing the grains collected in one side of the cereal collection room 4 to the storage tank 2 is installed. The groining machine 11 is configured to wind a belt 14 with a bucket 13 between upper and lower pulleys 12 and 12, and the dried cereal transferred to one side by a lower transfer spiral 15 laid horizontally at the lower part of the grain collection chamber 4. It is configured so that the grains can be picked up and transferred to the upper part. Grains which are sown by the groining machine 11 and thrown at the upper part are guided to the start end side of the transfer basket 18 provided with the upper transfer spiral 17 through the throw opening 16. The grains horizontally transferred by the transfer spiral 17 are guided by a rotary diffusion plate 19 disposed at the upper center of the storage tank 2 and are diffused and dropped into the storage tank 2.
[0010]
The grain circulation system consisting of the above-described cerealing machine 11, upper and lower transfer spirals 15, 17 and the like is rotationally interlocked by a drive motor 20 at the lower corner of the machine frame. The motor 20 drive shaft is interlocked with a lower transfer spiral 15 via a counter pulley 21, and the rotation of the lower transfer spiral 15 rotates the bucket belt 14 of the grower 11 together with the elevator 11. The upper transfer spiral 17 can be interlocked by an interlock belt (not shown) between the upper pulley 12 and the upper transfer spiral 17.
[0011]
The side wall 22 at an appropriate height position of the groining machine 11 is provided with a supply port 23 so as to correspond to within the left and right interval portions of the forward and reverse strokes of the bucket belt 14, A moisture meter 24 is detachably provided. For example, the moisture meter 24 electrically crushes one of the sample grains between a pair of electrode rolls (not shown) that is placed under a feeding roll (not shown) of the supply port 23 and electrically measures its resistance value. It is the structure which processes and converts into a grain moisture value.
[0012]
On the front side of the machine frame 1, a connection guide frame 25 is provided across the left and right widths, and a detachable hot air generating drum 26 is provided on the front surface of the connection guide frame 25, and the burner 5 is accommodated inside the hot air generating drum 26. . In the hot air generating cylinder 26, a hot air duct 36 is arranged in the left half, and the fan cover 30 and the combustion cylinder 33 of the burner 5 are laid out at one side lower part, but the remaining space part, that is, one side upper part is arranged. The control box 38 for performing control necessary for the drying operation is detachably fixed to the wall surface of the connection guide frame 25 in a suspended manner.
[0013]
The control box 38 is provided on the operation panel 40 with operation / combustion / stop operation mode switches 41, 42 and 43, finish moisture and filling amount setting switches 44 and 45, and an increase for setting the drying time.・ Decrease switches 46, 47, etc. are provided. 48 is an emergency stop switch, 49 is a display part. The exhaust device 7 is provided on the back side of the machine casing 1. The air exhaust device 7 includes a centrifugal fan 50 that rotates at a high speed, a fan body 51 that incorporates the fan, an air exhaust duct 52, and the like, and forms a circular opening 53 in the rear surface of the machine frame 1 so as to look into the air exhaust chamber 8. It is. The centrifugal fan 50 has a plurality of blades 56, 56... Arranged at a predetermined angle around the rotation shaft 55 so as to perform one-side suction, and the fan body 51 winds with the rotation of the centrifugal fan 50, and the circular opening described above. It is configured to release air from 53 upward.
[0014]
The exhaust duct 52 connected to the fan body 51 changes its opening in a horizontal direction, and both are circularly fitted. Therefore, the exhaust duct 52 is arranged in an arbitrary direction around the vertical axis. It is the structure which can adjust direction. A pulley 57 is provided at the outer end of the rotary shaft 55, and a belt 58 is wound around the pulley 57 between the second counter pulley 21 a provided integrally with the counter pulley 21 and the pulley 57. Yes.
[0015]
A grain embedding amount detection device 61 is configured in the ceiling portion of the storage tank 2. The detection device 61 includes a winding mechanism 62 provided in the vicinity of the ceiling, a strip 63 wound around the winding mechanism 61, a weight 64 provided at the tip of the strip 63, a grounding switch 65, and the like. The detection signal and the forward / reverse rotation speed signal of the winding mechanism 62 are output to a controller, which will be described later, and converted into a tension amount.
[0016]
The weight 64 has a spherical shape and includes a contact of the ground switch 65. One operating projection 66 of the contact protrudes downward, and a skirt portion 67 that extends downward is connected to the projection 66. When the skirt portion 67 reaches the upper surface of the accumulated grain, the operating projection 66 is grounded. The switch 65 can be turned on by pushing up 66. Reference numeral 78 denotes a leaf spring that constantly biases the operating projection 66 downward.
[0017]
On the other hand, the upper end of the cord body 63 is fixed to the winch 68 of the winding mechanism 62, and by the forward rotation action of the forward / reverse interlocking motor 69, the cord body 63 is wound up to raise the weight 64 position. The weight 64 position is lowered by the reverse action. A large-diameter gear 70 is fixed to the shaft end of the motor 69, and a small-diameter gear 71 meshing with the large-diameter gear 70 is rotationally interlocked with the helical shaft 72. The helical shaft 72 is engaged with the cable body 63. When the engaging member 74 formed with the joint hole 73 is screwed together and the gear 70 is rotated forward, the engaging member 74 is advanced in the direction of arrow A. Conversely, when the gear 70 reverses, it is retracted in the direction of anti-arrow A. It is configured so as to operate so that the winding of the cable body 63 does not overlap twice. 75 and 76 are support metals for supporting the grain insertion amount detection device 61 by suspending it from the ceiling. Reference numeral 77 denotes a rotational speed sensor for counting the rotational speed of the large-diameter gear 70. The magnetic body attached to an appropriate position of the gear 70 is detected and output every rotation by a reed switch type sensor. It is a configuration that can calculate the descent distance or ascending distance of the weight part in combination with the normal rotation or reverse rotation command signal of the forward / reverse interlocking motor 69 while converting the rotation into the winding or descending length of the rope body. .
[0018]
FIG. 8 is a control block diagram, and the control unit 80 of the control box 38 includes operation mode switches 41, 42, and 43 provided on the operation panel 40, finish moisture, and amount of filling. In addition to the input signals of the setting switches 44 and 45, the increase / decrease switches 46 and 47 for setting the drying time, the valve sensor 81, the moisture meter 24, the load detector 82 of the drive motor 20, the hot air temperature sensor 83, Various detection signals such as the outside air temperature sensor 84, the air volume sensor 85, and the rotation speed sensor 77 of the grain insertion amount detection device 61 are input. On the other hand, the output signals include a drive motor 20 for driving the circulation system and exhaust device 7 such as the elevator, a feed motor 86 drive signal for the feed valve 10, a burner 5 drive signal, a display output signal of the display unit 49, and the like.
[0019]
When the operation switch 41 is turned on, the drive motor 20 and the feeding motor 67 are activated. When the combustion switch 42 is turned on, an activation signal is output to the burner system, and the burner enters an ignition combustion state. When the stop switch 43 is turned on, each part in the activated state is stopped. Therefore, the operation switch 41 is turned on when the so-called tension mode and the discharge mode are set, and the combustion switch 42 is turned on in addition to the operation switch 41 operation to set the drying mode.
[0020]
The feeding motor 86 is controlled and output to intermittently drive forward and reverse rotation. That is, the feeding valve 10 having a cylindrical drum shape with a predetermined width notched and opened normally reaches a position where the opening faces downward (this position is detected by, for example, a reed switch on the valve rotation shaft side and a fixed side magnetic This is performed by the valve sensor 81 comprising the body), and immediately reverses 360 degrees so that the opening faces downward again. Control is output to the feeding motor 86 so that this movement is executed at predetermined intervals.
[0021]
Further, when the control unit 80 determines that the finishing moisture has been reached by the detection signal processing from the moisture meter 24, it outputs a stop signal. In response to this stop signal, the drive motor 20, the feed motor 86, or the burner 5 stops its operation. Reference numeral 87 denotes an extension opening that opens to the side of the machine casing 1, and 88 denotes a side hopper that opens and closes the extension opening 87 and serves as a bag loading base. The input grains from the side hopper 88 are configured to be stuck into the storage tank 2 through the lower transfer spiral 15, the elevator 11, and the upper transfer spiral 17.
[0022]
Reference numeral 89 denotes a discharge shutter provided at the opening on the start end side of the upper spiral transfer rod 18 and can be opened and closed in conjunction with a turning operation of the pulling string 90 or the like from the outside. The operation of the above example will be described. When the operation switch 41 is turned on, the drive motor 20 and the feeding motor 67 are activated. A predetermined amount of grain is put into the storage tank 2 from the side hopper 88 by using the grain raising machine 11, but the grain once put into the storage tank 2 flows down with the rotation of the feeding valve 10 and is stored again. A so-called circulation tension is returned to the tank 2. Meanwhile, since the air exhaust device 7 is driven, the grains in the flow-down passages 9 and 9 are ventilated and preliminary drying is performed.
[0023]
Next, the grain type, finishing moisture, etc. are set and the drying operation is started. When the combustion switch 42 is turned on (when the stop switch 43 is turned on once and the operation switch 41 is turned on after the completion of the tensioning operation), the drive signal is output to the burner 5, the burner 5 is ignited, and the hot air Start drying. By the way, when the combustion switch 42 is turned on, the grain insertion amount detection device 61 performs a detection operation prior to combustion, and the amount of extension is automatically measured, which affects the intermittent time of the burner 5 and the like. That is, when the combustion switch 42 is turned on, the forward / reverse interlocking motor 69 rotates in reverse, the striations are sequentially released from the winch 68, the weight descends, and the switch 65 is turned on when the skirt portion 67 is grounded on the surface of the tensioned grain. Turned on, the descent distance is obtained from the read value of the rotational speed sensor 77 at that time, and the current amount of tension is calculated from the relationship with the known maximum amount of tension. The control unit 80 determines the intermittent operation time of the burner 5 with the amount of tension calculated in this way, and the combustion control is performed so as to approach the preset hot air temperature.
[0024]
Based on the set hot air temperature calculated in this way, fuel is supplied from the electromagnetic pump 31, and an unillustrated spark plug operates to ignite and generate a flame. The flame extends to the combustion cylinder 32, the connection cylinder 33, and the guide cylinder 34 by the ventilation of the primary air introduced from the fan cover 30 adjusted as appropriate. The radiant heat generated by this flame is guided by the upper guide cylinder 35 and escapes upward, and circulates through the hot air chamber as the centrifugal fan 50 rotates.
[0025]
Along with the rotation of the drive motor 20, together with the centrifugal fan 50, the lower transfer spiral 15, the elevator 11, the upper transfer spiral 17, the diffusion plate 19, and the air exhaust device are rotationally interlocked. Further, since the motor 86 is also in a driving state, the feeding valve 10 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions, and the grains in the flow-down passages 9 and 9 are caused to flow down while discharging the grains accumulated in the valve 10 to the lower transfer spiral 15. Is. Accordingly, the grains in the storage tank 2 are exposed to hot air while flowing down the drying chamber 3 every predetermined amount, and reach the cereal collection chamber 4. The grain that has been subjected to hot air is transferred to one side by the lower transfer spiral 15, cerealed by the groining machine 11, taken over by the upper transfer spiral 17, and reaches the storage tank 2 again. receive. When such a process is repeated and a preset moisture value is reached, drying is completed.
[0026]
When the desired drying operation is completed, the discharging operation for discharging the grain is started. When the operation switch 41 is turned on and the discharge shutter 89 is opened, the grains are discharged out of the machine. Since the configuration of the weight 64 that constitutes the above-described grain insertion amount detection device 61 is a sphere, there is an effect that there is no fear that the grain is volumed on the upper surface.
[0027]
In the above-described embodiment, the activation of the grain insertion amount detection device 61 is configured to be interlocked with the ON operation of the combustion switch 42. However, a configuration in which an additional amount amount switch is provided and measurement can be performed at an arbitrary time is also possible. In addition, the detection result can be displayed on the display unit 49. The detection accuracy can be improved by providing a plurality of tension amount detection devices 61 or a structure that can be moved in a horizontal plane, a structure that can be detected at a plurality of locations in the tension state, averaged and displayed, or used for drying control. improves. The weight 64 is lowered every time the amount of tension is measured, and each time the measurement is completed, the striated body 63 is wound up and waits so as not to be buried in the grain. Is preventing.
[0028]
In the state where the storage chamber is nearly empty, the weight 64 of the overhang amount detection device 61 is lowered to the ground contact position with the grains or other objects, but the drying net is complicated in the drying section below the storage chamber. When the weight 64 comes into contact with other objects due to the shape and the grain passage being inclined, it may be caught or damaged. Therefore, the above-described drawbacks can be solved by adopting a configuration in which the length of the striated body 63 is constant and cannot be lowered more than a predetermined value. In addition, in the case of a grain dryer, since a model having different storage chamber capacities is commonly set for a drying unit and a grain collecting unit, such a model recognition unit is provided in the control unit, and the model recognition and By setting the descent distance set for each model in advance, that is, the allowable number of reverse rotations of the forward / reverse interlocking motor 69 for each model, there is an effect of preventing excessive descent (FIG. 9).
[0029]
FIG. 10 shows an abnormality processing method, and even if the winch 68 is rotated to the maximum descending distance set as described above, there are cases where the grounding state cannot be obtained yet. This is a case where the weight 64 cannot be lowered due to the cable body 63 being caught on the reinforcing rod 91 for reinforcement in the middle. Therefore, even if a predetermined time elapses after the operation of the detection device 61 starts, When the output does not rise, the winding operation is once performed and the detection operation is started again. It should be noted that when the detection result is not expected, it may be configured so that the amount of insertion can be input manually.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an essential part, partly in section.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a dryer main body.
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a dryer main body.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the front of the dryer.
FIG. 5 is a side view thereof.
FIG. 6 is a rear view of the dryer.
FIG. 7 is a front view of an operation panel surface.
FIG. 8 is a control block diagram.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Machine frame, 2 ... Storage tank, 3 ... Drying room, 4 ... Grain collection room, 5 ... Burner body, 6 ... Hot air room, 7 ... Air exhaust apparatus, 8 ... Air exhaust room, 9, 9 ... Grain flow down Passage 10, feeding valve 11, threshing machine 12, 12 pulley, 13 bucket, 14 bucket belt, 15 lower transfer spiral, 16 spout opening, 17 upper transfer spiral, 18 transfer １９, 19 ... Rotating diffuser, 20 ... Driving motor, 21 ... Counter pulley, 22 ... Side wall, 23 ... Supply port, 24 ... Moisture meter, 25 ... Connection guide frame, 26 ... Hot air generating cylinder, 30 ... Fan cover 33 ... Combustion cylinder, 36 ... Hot air duct, 38 ... Control box, 40 ... Control panel, 41, 42, 43 ... Operation mode switch, 44, 45 ... Setting switch, 46, 47 ... Increase / decrease switch, 48 ... Emergency Stop switch, 49 ... display section, 50 ... centrifugal fan, 5 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Fan trunk, 52 ... Exhaust duct, 53 ... Circular opening, 55 ... Rotating shaft, 56 ... Blade | wing, 57 ... Pulle, 58 ... Belt, 61 ... Stretching amount detection apparatus, 62 ... Winding mechanism, 63 ... Strip Body, 64 ... weight, 65 ... pressure detection switch, 66 ... projection, 67 ... skirt, 68 ... winch, 69 ... forward / reverse interlocking motor, 70 ... large diameter gear, 71 ... small diameter gear, 72 ... helical shaft, 73 ... engagement hole, 74 ... engagement member, 75,76 ... metal, 77 ... rotational speed sensor, 78 ... leaf spring, 80 ... control unit, 81 ... valve sensor, 82 ... load detector, 83 ... hot air temperature sensor 84 ... Outside air temperature sensor, 85 ... Air volume sensor, 86 ... Feeding motor, 87 ... Extension port, 88 ... Side hopper, 89 ... Discharge shutter, 90 ... Draw string, 91 ... Tension bar

Claims (2)

A storage tank (2), a drying chamber (3), a cereal collection chamber (4), an elevator (11) for raising the grains collected in the cereal collection chamber (4), and a control unit (80). Provided,
A weight (64) is suspended by a striated body (63) at a predetermined position on the inner ceiling of the storage tank (2), and the weight (64) is lowered to be grounded on the upper surface of the stored grain. And a configuration for detecting a descending distance to a position to be moved or a rising distance from the ground contact position to the winding state of the striated body (63),
The control unit (80) is configured to calculate the amount of cereal grains based on the descending distance or ascending distance of the weight (64), and sets the maximum allowable descending distance of the weight (64) for each different model in advance. A grain dryer characterized by setting . When the detection output or the display output of the grain tension amount does not rise even after a predetermined time has elapsed after the start of the descent operation of the weight (64), the weight (64) is wound up and then manually set. The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the grain insertion amount can be input .

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