JP4055512B2 - Method for measuring water tear rate of rice and apparatus for measuring water tear rate of rice used in the method - Google Patents

Description

【００２４】
上記表１では、このようにして行った目視による水浸裂傷率（左欄）と、水浸裂傷率測定装置１を用いた水浸裂傷音のカウント数（右欄）とを対比して示しており、例えば、乾燥時間がブランク（０分）での水浸裂傷音「９８」は、水浸裂傷率で示すと「８．０１％」となり、また乾燥時間が１５分での水浸裂傷音「１８８」は水浸裂傷率「１５．８３％」となる。なお、表１のデータから、乾燥度合いが進んだ生米ほど水浸裂傷の割合が多いことが判る。
【００２５】
図４は、前記表１に示す水浸裂傷音と水浸裂傷率との相関関係をグラフ化したもので、水浸裂傷率測定装置１で測定した水浸裂傷音を水浸裂傷率に換算することが可能である。例えば、水浸裂傷音のカウント数が３００の場合に、水浸裂傷率は約３１％である（図４の破線参照）。表１のデータに基づく図４の水浸裂傷率と水浸裂傷音との相関係数ｒ＝０．９９３３であり、水浸裂傷率測定装置１による水浸裂傷音の測定値は、非常に高い精度で水浸裂傷率を算出することが確認された。
【００２６】
このようにして得られた水浸裂傷率と水浸裂傷音との相関関係式は、水浸裂傷率測定装置１の比較・演算手段８に前述のサンプルデータとして予め入力される。水浸裂傷率測定装置１を用いて炊飯する生米の水浸裂傷率を測定する場合に、比較・演算手段８には、炊飯米と同じ生米のサンプルデータが入力されるが、このサンプルデータには、前記した生米の乾燥度合いのほか、産地や銘柄，混合割合や精米日，保管状況等の水割れに影響のある諸条件が実測情報として加味し、これら多数の情報を予め入力しておくこともできる。
【００２７】
本形態例の水浸裂傷率測定装置１は、以上のように構成されており、フィルタ５には、予め１ｋＨｚ〜１５ｋＨｚの周波数域の音を抽出するように設定がなされ、また比較・演算手段８には、炊飯米と同じ生米で行った水浸裂傷率と水浸裂傷音との相関関係式がサンプルデータとして予め入力される。
【００２８】
炊飯米となるうるち精白米の水浸裂傷率測定は、前記サンプルデータの測定の場合と同じ要領で３０分間行われる。すなわち、マイク３で拾った容器２内の微小音は、第１増幅器４に入って所定の音量に増幅され、フィルタ５で１ｋＨｚ〜１５ｋＨｚの周波数域の音のみを抽出して第２増幅器６に送られ、該第２増幅器６にて音量を増幅したのち、カウンタ７にてカウントされる。カウンタ７のカウント数は、図４の比較・演算手段８のサンプルデータと比較・演算され、その値が水浸裂傷率として表示手段９に表示される。
【００２９】
表示手段９に表示された水浸裂傷率からどのような合否判定をするかは、その米がどのような銘柄かなどの諸条件や、どのような炊飯米を得るかの目的によって異なる。例えば、合否判定が微妙な場合には、実際の炊飯で多くの割れが発生しないように、炊飯条件を変えるなどの対処をとることも可能である。
【００３０】
なお、表示手段の後に合否判定手段を設けたり、表示手段自体を合否判定手段に代えて、測定した米の水浸裂傷率を合否判定で出すようにしてもよい。また本発明は、形態例で例示したうるち精白米以外に、もち米の精白米、うるち米やもち米の胚芽精米，玄米の水浸裂傷率を測定することもできる。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、米の水割れ音を機械的に測定することによって、測定者の主観によるバラつきや誤差を排除した客観性のある高精度な生米の水浸裂傷率を得ることができる。したがって、原料米の正確な評価を行うことができるようになるため、不良米の使用回避や、場合によっては、実際の炊飯で多くの割れが発生しないように、炊飯条件を変えるなどの対処をとることができる。その結果として、工業的に大量の炊飯を行う際にも好適である。
【００３２】
さらに、サンプルデータとしてサンプル米から水浸裂傷率を測定する以外は、人手に頼らない機械的な測定であるから、肉体的負担を大幅に軽減するなど作業性にも優れ、しかも短時間でかつ簡便な測定が可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明の一形態例を示す米の水浸裂傷率測定装置の概略図
【図２】 米の水浸裂傷音の波形図
【図３】 ３０分乾燥米の水浸裂傷率音の経時変化を示す図
【図４】 表１に示す水浸裂傷音と水浸裂傷率との相関関係を表すグラフ図
【符号の説明】
１…水浸裂傷率測定装置、２…生米と水を収容する容器、３…集音用のマイク（本発明の集音手段）、４…第１増幅器、５…フィルタ（本発明の抽出手段）、６…第２増幅器、７…カウンタ（本発明のカウント手段）、８…比較・演算手段、９…表示手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has a water erosion rate when these raw rices are soaked in water in order to inspect the quality when cooked raw rice such as polished rice, germ polished rice, brown rice, etc. before being cooked. The present invention relates to a measuring method and a water erosion rate measuring apparatus for rice used in this method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The quality of the cooked rice is greatly influenced by the cooking conditions and the quality of the added cooking water, but at the same time, the quality of the raw rice has the same or better effect than that of the cooking water. Therefore, when industrially cooking a large amount of rice, the quality of the raw rice is evaluated at the time of purchasing the raw rice and before use, the quality of the cooked rice is predicted, and in some cases, the rice cooking conditions are based on the prediction result. Need to fluctuate.
[0003]
One of the methods for evaluating the quality of raw rice is a water laceration rate in which the number of cracked or cracked rice is measured during washing and soaking after washing. The occurrence of such cracked rice is known to cause poor rice cooking due to an increase in the amount of starch dissolved with the increase in surface area, causing poor rice cooking, and it is known that the rice has low grain quality and has no grain feeling. It is a very important evaluation scale for assessing the quality of raw rice for those who operate the rice cooking industry. Conventionally, after immersing a certain weight of raw rice in water for a predetermined time, it is transferred to a petri dish. A method of visually measuring the number of rice cracked or cracked during the soaking time is common.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, this method has a problem in that errors are likely to occur due to variations in measurement angle, measurement time, and subjective judgment of the measurer. In addition, such measurement takes a lot of labor and time, and there is a problem that it is physically impossible to measure many samples.
[0005]
In this background, the inventor discovered that a very small cracking sound is generated when cracking occurs in raw rice, and mechanically counting the number of water cracking sounds, It was found that the water laceration rate can be easily measured.
[0006]
Therefore, the present invention mechanically measures the water cracking sound of rice, simplifies the measurement work and shortens the measurement time, and the measurement result has objectivity and high reliability. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for measuring the water laceration rate of rice and a water laceration rate measuring apparatus used for the method of measuring the water laceration rate, which can give a superior texture and a stable commercial value.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method for measuring water laceration rate of rice according to the present invention counts the water laceration sound generated from raw rice when the uncooked rice is immersed in water, It is characterized in that the water laceration rate of raw rice is calculated, and the water laceration sound is in the range of 1 kHz to 15 kHz.
[0008]
Furthermore, the water rupture rate measuring apparatus for rice according to the present invention generates sound in a predetermined frequency range from sound collecting means for extracting sound in a container obtained by immersing raw rice in water, and sound extracted by the sound collecting means. Extraction means for extracting as a water laceration sound of rice, counting means for counting the water laceration sound of raw rice extracted by the extraction means, and water laceration sound of raw rice counted by the counting means, Comparing / calculating means for comparing / calculating with previously input data is provided.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the figure, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for measuring water laceration rate of rice, FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of water rupture rate sound of rice, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a change over time of water rupture rate sound of dry rice. 4 is a graph showing the correlation between the water laceration sound and the water laceration rate shown in Table 1. FIG.
[0010]
In the rice water tear rate measuring apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1, a microphone 3 for collecting sound is disposed in a container 2 for storing fresh rice and water. 2 amplifiers 6 are sequentially connected, a minute volume collected by the microphone 3 is amplified by the first amplifier 4, and then a filter 5 is used to extract a sound in a predetermined frequency range. The volume of the frequency band is amplified by the second amplifier 6.
[0011]
A counter 7 is connected to the second amplifier 6, and the sound in a predetermined frequency range amplified by the second amplifier 6 is counted by the counter 7. Comparison / calculation means 8 and display means 9 are sequentially connected to the counter 7, and the number of counts from the counter 7 is compared / calculated with the later-described sample data set in advance by the comparison / calculation means 8. The value obtained by the calculation means 8 is displayed on the display means 9 as the water laceration rate.
[0012]
The microphone 3 corresponds to the sound collecting means of the present invention, the filter 5 corresponds to the extracting means of the present invention, and the counter 7 corresponds to the counting means of the present invention. When a container having a vacuum heat insulating structure is used as the container 2, noise from outside is effectively blocked and the detection limit of the water laceration rate is expanded, so that the detection accuracy can be improved. In addition, by using a thermostat (such as an electric thermostatic bath), the temperature of rice and water at the time of measurement can always be kept constant, and the reproducibility of the measurement can be ensured.
[0013]
In order to pick up minute tears from rice more effectively, an underwater type can be used for the microphone 3. The first amplifier 4 may have a recording function, and the sound collected by the microphone 3 may be recorded once. Further, the first amplifier 4 to the display means 9 excluding the container 2 and the microphone 3 can be performed by a personal computer.
[0014]
The sample data input to the comparison / calculation means 8 includes the water laceration rate of the sample rice by visual measurement described below, and the water laceration rate of the sample rice measured by the water laceration rate measuring apparatus 1 of this embodiment. Sound is used together.
[0015]
In addition, the quality of raw rice after milling is affected by the temperature and humidity during the storage period, and it is known that the water laceration rate increases especially when the rice is dried. Sample rice was forcibly dried to experimentally create changes in rice quality during storage. Specifically, using 500g of polished white rice as a sample rice, level it on a metal tray to a uniform thickness of about 1cm to 2cm, put it in a dryer, and without forced ventilation at a temperature of 60 ° C It was dried for a predetermined time.
[0016]
The sample rice dried in this manner was allowed to cool in a desiccator, and then the whole was well stirred and homogenized, and placed in an aluminum bag and hermetically stored. The drying temperature of 60 ° C. is the following temperature at which the raw rice starch begins to gelatinize, and is below the heat denaturation temperature of general proteins, and in a short time without causing chemical changes other than moisture as much as possible. Determined from being able to dry. This forced drying was performed in three types of 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes, and four types obtained by adding sample rice with a drying time blank (0 minutes) to these samples were used in the sample data of this embodiment.
[0017]
One of the visual water erosion rates used for the sample data is to immerse a predetermined amount of raw rice in water and leave it at room temperature for a predetermined time, then transfer it to a petri dish, complete grains without laceration, cracked broken rice, Divided by visual inspection into three types of cracked rice where cracks are observed in the grains, and adding 1/2 of the number of broken rice and the number of cracked rice to the total number of grains, the value is submerged. The laceration rate.
[0018]
Specifically, for example, 260 grains of white polished rice (corresponding to 5 g) kept constant at a room temperature of 25 ° C. are immersed in tap water at 25 ° C. as a sample, and left at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then a complete grain without tears. A grain having a size of less than 2/3 was divided into half as cracked rice, and a grain other than the perfect grain and the cracked rice, in which any cracking was observed in the grain, was cracked rice. The types of measurement samples are the above-mentioned drying times of blank (0 minutes), 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 4 minutes of 60 minutes, and the whole grain that is half the number of broken rice and the number of cracked rice By dividing by Equation 260, the water laceration rate was determined (see “Water laceration rate” in the left column of Table 1).
[0019]
Next, the measurement of the water laceration sound using the other water laceration rate measuring apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 shows the frequency analysis result of the water laceration sound of glutinous polished rice performed using the water laceration rate measuring apparatus 1, and the sound pressure level of the laceration sound with the frequency of the laceration sound in the horizontal axis. dB was taken on the vertical axis, and visual observation was used in combination with this sound measurement. As a result, the sound generated in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 15 kHz in the water laceration rate measuring apparatus 1 coincided with the occurrence of broken rice and cracked rice visually confirmed.
[0020]
Therefore, the filter 5 extracts the sound generated at a frequency of 1 kHz to 15 kHz from the sound from the microphone 3 as a water laceration sound, and cuts the sound of 1 kHz or less and 15 kHz or more as noise other than the water laceration sound. Set as follows. This test result is the same for glutinous rice polished rice, brown rice with glutinous rice and germinated rice, and the cracking sound of cracked rice and cracked rice produced when these raw rice is immersed in water. Confirmed that the frequency was in the range of 1 kHz to 15 kHz.
[0021]
FIG. 3 shows a waveform of a laceration sound over time in a frequency range of 1 kHz to 15 kHz generated during 30 minutes after immersing the milled polished rice dried for 30 minutes in water. It occurred between 4 and 18 minutes, and it was found that the laceration sound converged after 30 minutes. The measurement of such a laceration sound is carried out with a total of four types of sample rice having a drying time of 30 minutes and a sample rice having a drying time of blank (0 minutes), 15 minutes, and 60 minutes. It was confirmed that the sound waveform converged within 30 minutes at the latest. Accordingly, the measurement time of the water laceration sound using the water laceration rate measuring apparatus 1 is 30 minutes after the raw rice is immersed in water, and the waveform of the water laceration sound generated within this measurement time is a waveform having a certain amplitude or more. Was counted as sample data.
[0022]
The measurement of sample data using the water laceration rate measuring apparatus 1 is based on such conditions. Specifically, for example, 100 g of the sampled white polished rice is put into the container 2 of FIG. This is immersed in 200 mL of 25 ° C. tap water, the microphone 3 is attached at a position of about 5 mm above the liquid surface, the container 2 is sealed with a lid, and then the microphone 3 collects sound. The measurement time is 30 minutes, and the type of measurement sample is 4 types of dry rice blank times (0 minutes), 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes, and a waveform with an amplitude of -6.0 or more is counter 7 (Refer to the right column in Table 1, “Water rupture sound count”).
[0023]
[Table 1]

[0024]
In Table 1 above, the visually observed water laceration rate (left column) is compared with the water laceration sound count using the water laceration rate measuring device 1 (right column). For example, the water erosion sound “98” when the drying time is blank (0 minutes) becomes “8.01%” when expressed as the water erosion rate, and the water erosion damage when the drying time is 15 minutes. The sound “188” has a water laceration rate of “15.83%”. In addition, it can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the ratio of water laceration is higher in raw rice with a higher degree of drying.
[0025]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the correlation between the water laceration sound and the water laceration rate shown in Table 1. The water laceration sound measured by the water laceration rate measuring device 1 is converted into the water laceration rate. Is possible. For example, when the count number of water laceration sounds is 300, the water laceration rate is about 31% (see the broken line in FIG. 4). Correlation coefficient r = 0.9933 between the water laceration rate and the water erosion scar in FIG. 4 based on the data in Table 1, and the measured value of the water laceration noise by the water laceration rate measuring apparatus 1 is very high. It was confirmed that the water laceration rate was calculated with high accuracy.
[0026]
The correlation expression between the water laceration rate and the water laceration rate sound thus obtained is input in advance as the above-mentioned sample data to the comparison / calculation means 8 of the water laceration rate measurement apparatus 1. When measuring the water laceration rate of raw rice to be cooked using the water laceration rate measuring device 1, sample data of the same raw rice as the cooked rice is input to the comparison / calculation means 8. In addition to the dryness of raw rice as described above, various conditions that affect water cracking such as the production area, brand, mixing ratio, rice milling date, storage status, etc. are taken into account as measured information, and this information is entered in advance. You can also keep it.
[0027]
The water laceration rate measuring apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is configured as described above, and the filter 5 is set in advance so as to extract sound in a frequency range of 1 kHz to 15 kHz, and is also a comparison / calculation unit. In FIG. 8, a correlation expression between a water erosion rate and a water erosion injury sound performed with the same raw rice as the cooked rice is input in advance as sample data.
[0028]
The water laceration rate measurement of the polished rice that is the cooked rice is performed for 30 minutes in the same manner as in the measurement of the sample data. That is, the minute sound in the container 2 picked up by the microphone 3 enters the first amplifier 4 and is amplified to a predetermined volume, and only the sound in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 15 kHz is extracted by the filter 5 to the second amplifier 6. After being sent and amplified by the second amplifier 6, it is counted by the counter 7. The count number of the counter 7 is compared / calculated with the sample data of the comparison / calculation means 8 of FIG. 4, and the value is displayed on the display means 9 as a water laceration rate.
[0029]
What pass / fail judgment is made from the water laceration rate displayed on the display means 9 depends on various conditions such as what brand the rice is and the purpose of what kind of cooked rice is obtained. For example, when the pass / fail judgment is delicate, it is possible to take measures such as changing the cooking conditions so that many cracks do not occur in actual cooking.
[0030]
In addition, a pass / fail judgment means may be provided after the display means, or the display means itself may be replaced with the pass / fail judgment means, and the measured water laceration rate of rice may be output in the pass / fail judgment. Moreover, the present invention can also measure the water laceration rate of polished rice of glutinous rice, embryo polished rice of glutinous rice and glutinous rice, and brown rice, in addition to the glutinous polished rice exemplified in the embodiment.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the water cracking sound of rice is mechanically measured, thereby eliminating objective variations and errors due to the subjectivity of the measurer. Rate can be obtained. Therefore, since accurate assessment of raw rice can be performed, measures such as avoiding the use of defective rice and, in some cases, changing rice cooking conditions so that many cracks do not occur in actual rice cooking. Can take. As a result, it is also suitable when industrially cooking a large amount of rice.
[0032]
In addition to measuring the water laceration rate from sample rice as sample data, it is a mechanical measurement that does not rely on manual labor, so it is excellent in workability, such as greatly reducing physical burden, and in a short time. Simple measurement is possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for measuring water laceration rate of rice showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of water rupture rate sound of rice. FIG. 3 is a water rupture rate sound of 30-minute dry rice. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the correlation between the water laceration sound and the water laceration rate shown in Table 1.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water laceration rate measuring apparatus, 2 ... Container which accommodates raw rice and water, 3 ... Microphone for sound collection (sound collecting means of this invention), 4 ... 1st amplifier, 5 ... Filter (extraction of this invention) Means), 6 ... second amplifier, 7 ... counter (counting means of the present invention), 8 ... comparison / calculation means, 9 ... display means

Claims (3)

A method for measuring a water laceration rate of rice, wherein the water laceration sound generated from the uncooked rice is counted when the uncooked rice is soaked in water, and the water laceration rate of the uncooked rice is calculated from the water laceration sound. The method for measuring the water laceration rate of rice according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of the water laceration sound is in the range of 1 kHz to 15 kHz. Sound collecting means for extracting sound in a container in which raw rice is soaked in water, extraction means for extracting a sound in a predetermined frequency region as water laceration sound of raw rice from the sound extracted by the sound collecting means, and the extraction A counting means for counting the water laceration sound of the raw rice extracted by the means, and a comparison / calculation means for comparing / calculating the water laceration sound of the raw rice counted by the counting means with previously input data; An apparatus for measuring the water laceration rate of rice.

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