JP4053664B2

JP4053664B2 - Blood collection instrument

Info

Publication number: JP4053664B2
Application number: JP23527398A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 英之朝倉; 尊人村下
Original assignee: TRUMO KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Current assignee: TRUMO KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Priority date: 1998-08-21
Filing date: 1998-08-21
Publication date: 2008-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 2018-08-21
Also published as: JP2000060827A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、血液採取等に用いられる採血器具に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の採血管ホルダーと採血針との接続は、採血針に設けられたハブの螺合部（雄螺子）と採血管ホルダーの先端に設けられたハブ挿通部の螺合部（雌螺子）螺合させることにより行われていた。しかし、この様な螺合による接続は、使用後の針を外す際には、両手で螺合解除方向に回しており、誤って針で掌や指などを傷つける事があり、操作者がＨＩＶや肝炎などに感染するおそれがあった。そこで、簡単に採血針を採血管ホルダーから外せる事ができるようにした採血器具が特公平１−２８５８９号、特開平８−１２６６３０号などに提案されている。さらに特開平８−１２６６３０号は採血針にプロテクターを装着したままで刃面の向きを判別しながら採血管ホルダーに採血針を固定できるものであり、採血針が露出した状態で刃面確認を行うことによる採血針の汚染や誤刺を防止できるものである。
【０００３】
しかしながら、これらの採血器具は採血針を固定した後にプロタクターを多少ねじりながら外そうとするとハブに軸回転が生じて空回りし、穿刺部の刃面の向きが変ってしまうおそれがある。また、特開平８−１２６６３０号にはハブ回転抑制機構が開示されているが、これは採血針を採血ホルダー方向に押し当てるようにする場合には効果的であるが、プロテクターを外そうとする際にはその逆方向に力が係るため十分な効果は発揮できない。
【０００４】
また、採血器具において、採血針を直接採血管ホルダーに接続せずに、一端にコネクター、他端に採血管の栓を刺通する針を設けたハブを採血管ホルダーに備え、チューブの一端に採血針、他端にを有するコネクター接合部を有するアダプターを、コネクターに接続する採血器具もあるが、この採血器具の場合、採血操作終了後、アダプターを外す場合に、アダプターを軸回転させてアダプターとコネクター(ハブ）との間の接合力を弱めようとしても、上述した採血器具のように採血管ホルダーとハブとの間で空回りしてしまいアダプターがコネクターから外せないというおそれがある。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、上記の事情を鑑みてなされたもので、採血管ホルダーとそれに接合する採血針等のハブとの間に、空回りを防止する為の回転防止機構を有する採血器具、採血管ホルダー及び採血針等を提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的は以下の本発明によって解決される。
（１）本発明は、一方に突出する穿刺針部及び他方に突出する中空針部からなる針管と、該針管の中間部付近に設けられたハブと、該ハブに着脱自在に取り付けられ前記針管の前記穿刺針部を保護するためのプロテクターとを有する採血針と、後端が開放した中空体であり後端側より採血管を挿入可能な本体部と、前記採血針の前記ハブを前記本体部の先端に着脱自在に取り付けるためのハブ着脱機構及び前記ハブの回転を抑制するためのハブ回転抑制機構とを有する採血管ホルダーとを備える採血器具であって、前記ハブ着脱機構が開口部を有する複数の挟圧部材からなり、当該挟圧部材はそれぞれの開口部が連通するように重ね合せられてハブ挿通部を形成し、当該挟圧部材を移動させることにより前記ハブ挿通部の径を伸縮させるものであり、前記ハブ回転抑制機構は前記ハブ挿通部の縁に設けられた凹部又は凸部と、前記ハブの前記ハブ挿通部との当接部分に設けられた凸部又は凹部であり、該ハブに軸回転力が加わることで該ハブと前記挟圧部材との間に相互に引き寄せる力が生じるものであることを特徴とする採血器具である。
【０００７】
（２）本発明は、前記プロテクターが透明性材料または半透明性材料にて形成されていることを特徴とする上記（１）に記載の採血器具である。
【０００９】
（３）本発明は、一方にコネクター及び他方に突出する中空針部が設けられ、一方から他方へ内部で連通するハブと、前記コネクターに着脱自在に取り付けられるアダプターと、後端が開放した中空体であり後端側より採血管を挿入可能な本体部と、前記ハブを前記本体部の先端に着脱自在に取り付けるためのハブ着脱機構及び前記ハブの回転を抑制するためのハブ回転抑制機構とを有する採血管ホルダーとを備える採血器具であって、前記ハブ着脱機構が開口部を有する複数の挟圧部材からなり、当該挟圧部材はそれぞれの開口部が連通するように重ね合せられてハブ挿通部を形成し、当該挟圧部材を移動させることにより前記ハブ挿通部の径を伸縮させるものであり、前記ハブ回転抑制機構は前記ハブ挿通部の縁に設けられた凹部又は凸部と、前記ハブの前記ハブ挿通部との当接部分に設けられた凸部又は凹部であり、該ハブに軸回転力が加わることで該ハブと前記挟圧部材との間に相互に引き寄せる力が生じるものであることを特徴とする採血器具である。
【００１０】
（４）本発明は、前記アダプターは、チューブの一端に前記コネクターへの接続部、他端に採血針が設けられていることを特徴とする上記（３）に記載の採血器具である。
【００１１】
【発明の実施の形態】
［１］本発明の採血器具、採血管ホルダー及び採血針の第一の実施の形態を図を参照しながら説明する。図１は本発明の採血管ホルダーに採血針が接続された採血器具の一実施例の平面図であり、図２は図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図であり、図３は図１に示した採血器具のハブ着脱機構の作用を説明するための説明図であり、図４は本発明の採血針の一実施例の平面図であり、図５は図１のＢ−Ｂ線断面図であり、図６は、図１に示した採血管ホルダーに使用される蓋部材の正面図である。
【００１２】
この実施例の採血器具１は、図１に示すように、採血針５と採血管ホルダー１０とにより構成されている。採血針５は、一方に突出する穿刺針部２ａおよび他方に突出する中空針部２ｂからなる針管２と、針管２の中間部付近に設けられたハブ３と、ハブ３に着脱自在に取り付けられ針管２の穿刺針部２ａを保護するためのプロテクター４とを備えている。採血管ホルダー１０は、後端が開放した中空体であり後端側より採血管を挿入可能な本体部６と、採血針５のハブ３を本体部６の先端に着脱自在に取り付けるためのハブ脱着機構７と、ハブ着脱機構７を本体部６に取り付けるための蓋部材８とを有している。以下構成を順次説明する。
【００１３】
採血針５の針管２は図４に示すように、一方（前方）に突出し、人体等に穿刺される穿刺針部２ａと、他方（後方）に突出して、採血管の開口を密封する密封部材に穿刺される中空針部２ｂとからなる。針管２の中間付近（中央部より中空針部２ｂ側）には、針管２に貫通された状態でハブ３が針管２の外周面に固定されている。ハブ３は採血管５をホルダー１０の先端に装着するためのものであり、装着した状態では図１に示すように穿刺針部２ａがホルダー１０の先端より外方に突出し、中空針部２ｂが本体部６内に突出する。
【００１４】
ハブ３は、図１および図４に示すように、後述するハブ着脱機構７を構成する挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂにより挟持（保持）される部位である細径部３ａを有する。細径部３ａには、挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂに設けられる嵌合凹部７ｈに嵌合する嵌合凸部３ｃが設けられる。この嵌合凸部３ｃが嵌合凹部７ｈに嵌合することによって、ハブの回転が抑制される。すなわちハブ回転抑制機構としての役割を果たす。また、刃面の向きが一定方向に向くように嵌合凸部３ｃと嵌合凹部７ｈの位置を設定することで、刃面の向きを一定にする機構としての役割も果たす。
【００１５】
なお、本実施形態はハブに嵌合凸部、ハブ着脱機構に嵌合凹部が設けられるものであるが、本発明においてはこれに限定されず逆のもの、すなわちハブに嵌合凹部、ハブ着脱機構に嵌合凸部が設けられるものでもよい。また、本実施形態はハブに嵌合凸部が対角線上に一対、すなわち二つ設けられ、嵌合凹部がハブ着脱機構の挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂにそれぞれ一つずつ、すなわち二つ有するものであるが、その数は特に限定されない。
【００１６】
細径部３ａの後方（中空針部側）にはハブ３の装着状態を強固なものとするための、ハブ固定用段部３ｆが形成されている。さらに、ハブ固定用段部３ｆの中空針部側には、中空針部２ｂの本体部６内への挿入をより容易なものとするためのテーパー部３ｇが形成されている。そして、採血針５の保管時のスペース確保を考慮すると、ハブ３は可能な限り小さいことが好ましく、細径部３ａの直径は２〜８ｍｍ、ハブ固定用段部３ｆと細径部３ａとの直径の差は、０．２〜２ｍｍ、テーパー部３ｇのテーパー角度は、８〜５０度であることが好ましい。
【００１７】
ハブ３は、後述するホルダー１０の蓋部材８のハブ当接部８ａ（図６に示す）と中空針部側側面が当接する拡径部３ｂを有している。両者の当接によりハブ３の後方への移動が規制される。ハブ３の穿刺針部（先端部）には、針管２の穿刺針部２ａを保護するためのプロテクター４が着脱自在に取り付けられている。
【００１８】
プロテクター４は、ハブ３に装着した状態で穿刺針部２ａの刃面の向きが判別可能であるため、透明性材料または半透明性材料によって形成されていることが望ましい。これによって採血針装着中に穿刺針部が汚染されるおそれがなく、使用者が穿刺針部で指などを刺通してしまう危険性もなく、穿刺針部の刃面を所望の向きにてホルダーに取り付けることができる。プロテクター４を形成する透明性材料または半透明性材料としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンなどのポリオレフィン、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレンなどが好適に使用できる。
【００１９】
また、プロテクター４は、図５に示すように、平面部４ａを有していることが好ましい。このような平面部４ａを形成することにより、穿刺針部２ａの刃面の向きを平面部４ａに対応させて設定しておけば、平面部４ａを目安にして採血針５をホルダー１０に装着できるので、刃面を目視しながら行うよりさらに装着作業が容易となる。なお、図５に示したプロテクターは平面部４ａを有するものとし、穿刺針部２ａの刃面の向きをこの平面部４ａに対応させることとしたものであるが、刃面の向きとプロテクター４の特定の部位とを対応させることができるものでればよい。例えば、プロテクター４の外面に軸方向に延びる凸部または凹部を形成するなど、特定形状の部位を形成する方が触覚で装着作業が行えるため、より容易で好ましいが、プロテクター４の外表面に軸方向に延びる線などの指示マークを設けてもよい。
【００２０】
ハブ３の中空針部側（後端部）には、針管２の中空針部２ｂを被包する弾性鞘体９が取り付けられている。弾性鞘体９は、穿刺針部２ａを血管へ穿刺した場合などに、中空針部２ｂの刃面から血液が吐出することを防止すると共に、中空針部２ｂの継続的な露出を回避して、中空針部２ｂへの雑菌の付着を防止するものである。この弾性鞘体９は、採血管の栓体への刺通に伴って栓体と採血管ホルダーとの間で蛇腹状に折り畳まれる。弾性鞘体９としては、ゴム材により形成されたゴムチップが好適に使用できる。
【００２１】
ホルダー１０の本体部６は、後端が開放した中空体であり後端側より採血管を挿入可能に構成されている。本体部６の先端には、中空針部２ｂを挿入するための挿入口（図示せず）と、後述する蓋部材８の延出部８ｂを挿入するための２つの挿入部を有している。
【００２２】
ハブ着脱機構７は、採血針５のハブ３を本体部６の先端に着脱自在に取り付けられているためのものであり、ハブ着脱機構は押圧部７ｇを有し、押圧部７ｇの押圧時にハブの後端部の挿入および抜去が可能であり、押圧部７ｇの押圧を解除することによりハブの後端部を保持するように構成されている。ハブ着脱機構７は、図２に示すように弾性部７ｃ、ハブ挿通部７ｄ、段部７ｅ、支持凹部７と、嵌合凸部７ｈ及び押圧部７ｇからなる一対のハブ挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂとで構成されている。この挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂは、段部７ｅを内側にして対向するように重ねて、本体部６の先端面に配置されており、支持凹部７ｆは蓋部材８の支持凸部８ｃにより支持されている。
【００２３】
なお、本実施形態はハブに嵌合凸部、ハブ着脱機構に嵌合凹部が設けられるものであるが、本発明においてはこれに限定されず逆のもの、すなわちハブに嵌合凹部、ハブ着脱機構に嵌合凸部が設けられるものでもよい。また、本実施形態はハブに嵌合凸部が対角線上に一対、すなわち二つ設けられ、嵌合凹部がハブ着脱機構の挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂにそれぞれ一つずつ、すなわち二つ有するものであるが、その数は特に限定されない。
【００２４】
そして、押圧部７ｇを押圧していない状態では、図２に示すように、弾性部７ｃが段部７ｅに軽く押された状態で当接しており、挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂが相互に離間する方向（軸方向に対して直交する方向で、かつ外側方向）に若干付勢されているため、挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂのハブ挿通部７ｄが形成する挿通口の面積が小さくなり、ハブ３の細径部３ａが挟圧される。これにより、採血針５は本体部６に装着される。なお、この時に、細径部３ａに設けられた嵌合凸部３ｃが嵌合凹部７ｈに嵌合することによって、ハブの回転が抑制される。すなわちハブ回転抑制機構としての役割を果たす。また、刃面の向きが一定方向に向くように嵌合凸部３ｃと嵌合凹部７ｈの位置を設定することで、刃面の向きを一定にする機構としての役割も果たす。
【００２５】
他方、押圧部７ｇを押圧した状態では、図３に示すように、挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂは相互に内側にスライドして、弾性部７ｃは段部７ｅにより変形して、強制的に接近する方向（軸方向に直交する方向で、かつ内側方向）に移動するため、挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂのハブ挿通部７ｄが形成する挿通口の面積が大きくなり、ハブ３の細径部３ａの挟圧が解除される。この時に、嵌合凸部３ｃと嵌合凹部７ｈの嵌合も解除される。これにより、採血針５は本体部６より着脱する。
【００２６】
すなわち、本発明はこのようなハブ着脱機構７により採血針５を本体部６の先端に着脱自在に取り付けられる。さらに、ハブ３の嵌合凸部３ｃとハブ着脱機構７の嵌合凹部７ｈとの関係によって、ハブの回転を抑制する機構、及び刃面の向きが一定方向に向かせる機構の役割を果たす。
【００２７】
嵌合凸部３ｃ及び嵌合凹部７ｈの形状については、互いに嵌合が可能であれば特に限定されず、四角形等の形状があげられる。特に望ましい形状としては、扇形のような、凹部の場合はくぼみの入口がやや狭く、凸部の場合は突き出ている部分の付根がやや狭くなっている形状が望ましい。なお、当然ながら凹部のくぼみの入口はやや狭いものであっても、凸部の突き出し端よりも広いものでなくてはならない。このような扇形のような形状とすることでプロテクター４を外す場合などでハブに軸回転力が加わった時に相互に噛み合いハブ３の回転が抑制されるだけでなく、さらにハブに軸回転力が加わることでハブ３と挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂとの間に相互に引き寄せる力が生じ、ハブ３のハブ着脱機構７への装着力が強固となる。
【００２８】
蓋部材８は、ハブ着脱機構７を本体部６の先端に取り付けるためのものであり、図１に示すように、ハブ着脱機構７の前方で、かつ隣接する位置に配置されている。そして、２つの延出部８ｂが挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂの両端外側を軸方向後方に延びて、本体部６の先端面に設けられた２つの挿通部を挿通し、延出部８ｂの端部から軸方向に直交する方向を外側に延びる２つの係止部８ｅが、本体部６の先端面と係合することにより取り付けられている。さらに、延出部８ｃより内側に延びる支持凸部８ｃが挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂの支持凹部７ｆ内に位置し、挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂを軸方向に直交する方向にスライド可能に支持している。さらに、蓋部材８は、図６に示すように、ハブ３の細径部３ａを挿通する中空針挿通部８ｄを有している。中空針挿通部８ｄの周りには、ハブ３の拡径部３ｂの中空針部側側面と当接する当接部８ａが形成されている。
【００２９】
つぎに、本発明の採血器具の使用方法を説明する。まず、採血管ホルダー１０の本体部６の先端に採血針５を装着する。この装着作業は、ハブ３にプロテクター４を装着した状態で行う。具体的には、一方の手で挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂの押圧部７ｇを内側に押圧しながら、他方の手で穿刺針部２ａの刃面の向きを確認しながらプロテクター４を把持して採血針５を本体部６の軸方向に移動させ、蓋部材８の中空針挿通部８ｄより中空針部２ａを挿入して行く。ハブ３の拡径部３ｂが蓋部材８の当接部８ａに達したら、押圧部７ｇを離して挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂの押圧を解除する。そして、プロテクター４を僅かな力で左右に軸回転させ、ハブ３の嵌合凸部３ｃとハブ着脱機構７の嵌合凹部７ｈとを嵌合させることによって、採血針５が採血管ホルダー１０に装着される。このように、本発明の採血器具１はプロテクター４をハブ３に装着した状態で、採血針５を本体部６の先端に装着できるため、採血針装着中に穿刺針部２ａが汚染されるおそれがなく、使用者が穿刺針部２ａで指などを刺通してしまう危険性もなく、穿刺針部２ａの刃面を所望の向きに容易に接続できる。
【００３０】
つぎに、プロテクター４をハブ３から外す。このとき、プロテクター４を軸回転させながら外しても、ハブ３（採血針５）がずれるおそれはない。そして、穿刺針部２ａを血管に穿刺し、その後採血管を本体部６の後端開口部から本体部６内に挿入する。採血管の挿入は穿刺針部２ａの先端が弾性鞘体９および採血管の栓体を刺通して採血管内部に達するまで行う。このとき、弾性鞘体９は栓体と採血管ホルダーとの間で蛇腹状に折り畳まれた状態となり、採血管内には血液が流入する。そして、採血管の減圧量に応じた血液が採血管内に採取されて採血が完了する。採血が完了したら、挟圧部材７ａ，７ｂを内側に押圧して、採血針５を本体部６の先端より離脱させ廃棄する。
【００３１】
［２］本発明の採血器具、採血管ホルダー及び採血針の第二の実施の形態を説明する。第二の実施の形態は上述した第一の実施の形態とほぼ同様な構成からなる。ことなる構成は、第一の実施の形態においてはハブ３から穿刺針部２ａが延びる採血針５を用いるが、第二の実施の形態においては穿刺針部２ａの代わりにコネクターを設けたハブを用いる点である。前記コネクターには、アダプターが接続される。前記アダプターとしては、チューブの一端に前記コネクターへの接続部、他端に採血針を設けたものなどがあげられる。これらのアダプターは、幼児などから採血する場合に、採血管ホルダーに直接採血針を設けたものでは大きすぎて穿刺作業がしずらい時に用いるものである。コネクターと、アダプターのコネクターへの接続部との接合は、雄雌嵌合や螺合により行われる。
【００３２】
本実施の形態により、採血操作終了後、アダプターを外す場合に、アダプターを軸回転させてアダプターとコネクター（ハブ）との間の接合力を弱めようとした時、上述した第一の実施の形態のようなハブ着脱機構の挟圧部材に設けた嵌合凹部とハブに設けた嵌合凸部との作用により、採血管ホルダーのハブ着脱機構とハブとの間で空回りすることなく、容易にアダプターを分離することができる。
【００３３】
【発明の効果】
本発明の採血器具、採血管ホルダー及び採血針により、プロテクターをハブに装着した状態で採血針を採血管ホルダーの本体部の先端に装着する際に採血針の刃面の向きを変えることなく装着することができ、その後、プロテクターを外す際に軸回転が加わった時にも採血針の刃面の向きを変えることなく、プロテクターを外すことができる。したがって、従来の採血針を露出させてから刃面の向きを調整する採血器具やプロテクターを外す際に採血針の刃面の向きが変るおそれがある採血器具と比べ、本発明の採血器具は採血針に触れる必要がないため、採血針の汚染、かつ誤刺をすることなく採血作業をすることができる。
【００３４】
また、本発明の採血器具、採血管ホルダー及びアダプターにより、採血管ホルダーからアダプターを外す場合にも、採血管ホルダーのハブ着脱機構とハブとの間で空回りすることなく、ハブが固定された状態で、アダプラーのみ軸回転力を与えることができるため、容易にアダプターを分離することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は、本発明の実施の形態の一例を示す平面図である。
【図２】図２は、図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。
【図３】図３は、図１に示した実施の形態のハブ着脱機構の作用を説明する説明図である。
【図４】図４は、本発明の採血針の実施の形態の一例を示す平面図である。
【図５】図５は、図１のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。
【図６】図６は、採血管ホルダーに使用される蓋部材の正面図である。
【符号の説明】
１採血器具
２針管
２ａ穿刺針部
２ｂ中空針部
３ハブ
３ａ細径部
３ｂ拡径部
３ｃ嵌合凸部
３ｆハブ固定用段部
３ｇテーパー部
４プロテクター
４ａ平面部
５採血針
６本体部
７ハブ着脱機構
７ａ，７ｂ挟圧部材
７ｃ弾性部
７ｄハブ挿通部
７ｅ段部
７ｆ支持凹部
７ｇ押圧部
７ｈ嵌合凹部
８蓋部材
８ａ当接部
８ｂ延出部
８ｃ支持凸部
８ｄ中空針挿通部
８ｅ係止部
９弾性鞘体[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a blood collection device used for blood collection or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The connection between the conventional blood collection tube holder and the blood collection needle is made by screwing the hub screw portion (male screw) provided on the blood collection needle and the screw insertion portion (female screw) of the hub insertion portion provided at the tip of the blood collection tube holder. It was done by combining. However, this type of screw connection is used to remove the needle after use by turning both hands in the screw release direction, which may accidentally hurt the palm, fingers, etc. with the needle. There was a risk of infection with hepatitis. In view of this, blood collection devices that allow the blood collection needle to be easily removed from the blood collection tube holder have been proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-28589, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-126630, and the like. Further, JP-A-8-126630 can fix a blood collection needle to a blood collection holder while discriminating the direction of the blade surface while the protector is attached to the blood collection needle, and the blade surface is checked with the blood collection needle exposed. It is possible to prevent contamination of the blood collection needle and false puncture.
[0003]
However, in these blood collection instruments, if the protractor is to be removed while being twisted after the blood collection needle is fixed, the hub may rotate due to axial rotation, and the direction of the blade surface of the puncture portion may change. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-126630 discloses a hub rotation suppression mechanism, which is effective when the blood collection needle is pressed toward the blood collection holder, but tries to remove the protector. In some cases, a force is applied in the opposite direction, so that a sufficient effect cannot be exhibited.
[0004]
In the blood collection device, the blood collection needle is not directly connected to the blood collection tube holder, but is provided with a hub provided with a connector at one end and a needle through which the stopper of the blood collection tube is inserted at the other end. There is also a blood collection instrument that connects an adapter with a connector joint having a blood collection needle and the other end to the connector, but in the case of this blood collection instrument, when removing the adapter after the blood collection operation, the adapter is pivoted to rotate the adapter Even if it is attempted to weaken the bonding force between the connector and the connector (hub), the adapter may not be removed from the connector due to idle rotation between the blood collection tube holder and the hub as in the blood collection device described above.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a blood collection device and a blood collection tube having a rotation prevention mechanism for preventing idle rotation between a blood collection tube holder and a hub such as a blood collection needle joined thereto. It is to provide a holder and a blood collection needle.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object is solved by the present invention described below.
(1) The present invention provides a needle tube comprising a puncture needle portion projecting to one side and a hollow needle portion projecting to the other, a hub provided near the middle portion of the needle tube, and the needle tube detachably attached to the hub A blood collection needle having a protector for protecting the puncture needle portion, a main body portion that is a hollow body having an open rear end and into which a blood collection tube can be inserted from the rear end side, and the hub of the blood collection needle is connected to the main body A blood collection device comprising a hub attachment / detachment mechanism for detachably attaching to the tip of the part and a hub rotation suppression mechanism for suppressing rotation of the hub, wherein the hub attachment / detachment mechanism has an opening. A plurality of pinching members, and the pinching members are overlapped so that the respective openings communicate with each other to form a hub insertion portion, and the diameter of the hub insertion portion is reduced by moving the pinching member. What to stretch The hub rotation suppression mechanism is a concave portion or a convex portion provided at an edge of the hub insertion portion and a convex portion or a concave portion provided at a contact portion of the hub with the hub insertion portion; The blood collecting instrument is characterized in that when a shaft rotational force is applied, a force attracting each other is generated between the hub and the clamping member.
[0007]
(2) The blood collection device according to (1), wherein the protector is formed of a transparent material or a translucent material.
[0009]
(3) In the present invention, a connector is provided on one side and a hollow needle portion projecting on the other side, a hub that communicates internally from one side to the other, an adapter that is detachably attached to the connector, and a hollow that has an open rear end A body part into which a blood collection tube can be inserted from the rear end side, a hub attachment / detachment mechanism for detachably attaching the hub to the distal end of the body part, and a hub rotation suppression mechanism for suppressing rotation of the hub A blood collection device having a blood collection tube holder, wherein the hub attaching / detaching mechanism comprises a plurality of pinching members each having an opening, and the pinching members are stacked so that the respective openings communicate with each other. An insertion portion is formed and the pinching member is moved to expand and contract the diameter of the hub insertion portion, and the hub rotation suppression mechanism is a recess or protrusion provided at an edge of the hub insertion portion. And a convex portion or a concave portion provided in a contact portion of the hub with the hub insertion portion, and a force that draws a mutual force between the hub and the pressing member when an axial rotational force is applied to the hub. This is a blood collection device characterized by the above.
[0010]
(4) The blood sampling device according to (3), wherein the adapter is provided with a connection portion to the connector at one end of the tube and a blood sampling needle at the other end.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[1] A first embodiment of a blood collection instrument, a blood collection holder and a blood collection needle of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of a blood collection instrument in which a blood collection needle is connected to the blood collection holder of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of one embodiment of the blood collection needle of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view of a lid member used in the blood collection tube holder shown in FIG.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 1, the blood collection device 1 of this embodiment includes a blood collection needle 5 and a blood collection tube holder 10. The blood collection needle 5 is detachably attached to a needle tube 2 composed of a puncture needle portion 2a projecting to one side and a hollow needle portion 2b projecting to the other, a hub 3 provided near the middle portion of the needle tube 2, and a hub 3. And a protector 4 for protecting the puncture needle portion 2a of the needle tube 2. The blood collection tube holder 10 is a hollow body whose rear end is open, a main body portion 6 into which a blood collection tube can be inserted from the rear end side, and a hub for detachably attaching the hub 3 of the blood collection needle 5 to the front end of the main body portion 6. A detaching mechanism 7 and a lid member 8 for attaching the hub attaching / detaching mechanism 7 to the main body 6 are provided. The configuration will be described sequentially below.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 4, the needle tube 2 of the blood collection needle 5 protrudes in one direction (forward) and a puncture needle portion 2a that is punctured by a human body or the like, and a seal member that protrudes in the other direction (rearward) and seals the opening of the blood collection tube And a hollow needle portion 2b that is punctured. Near the middle of the needle tube 2 (on the hollow needle portion 2b side from the center), the hub 3 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the needle tube 2 while being penetrated by the needle tube 2. The hub 3 is for attaching the blood collection tube 5 to the tip of the holder 10, and in this state, the puncture needle portion 2a protrudes outward from the tip of the holder 10 as shown in FIG. Project into the main body 6.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the hub 3 has a small-diameter portion 3 a that is a portion that is clamped (held) by clamping members 7 a and 7 b that constitute a hub attaching / detaching mechanism 7 described later. The narrow-diameter portion 3a is provided with a fitting convex portion 3c that fits into a fitting concave portion 7h provided in the pinching members 7a and 7b. The fitting convex portion 3c is fitted into the fitting concave portion 7h, thereby suppressing the rotation of the hub. That is, it serves as a hub rotation suppression mechanism. Further, by setting the positions of the fitting convex portion 3c and the fitting concave portion 7h so that the direction of the blade surface is directed in a certain direction, it also serves as a mechanism for making the blade surface direction constant.
[0015]
In this embodiment, the hub is provided with a fitting convex portion and the hub attaching / detaching mechanism is provided with a fitting concave portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the opposite is true. The mechanism may be provided with a fitting convex portion. Further, in this embodiment, the hub has a pair of fitting projections on the diagonal line, that is, two, and the fitting depressions have one each, ie, two, on the clamping members 7a and 7b of the hub attaching / detaching mechanism. There are no particular restrictions on the number.
[0016]
A hub fixing step portion 3f is formed behind the small diameter portion 3a (on the hollow needle portion side) to make the mounting state of the hub 3 firm. Further, a taper portion 3g for facilitating insertion of the hollow needle portion 2b into the main body portion 6 is formed on the hollow needle portion side of the hub fixing step portion 3f. In consideration of securing the space when the blood collection needle 5 is stored, the hub 3 is preferably as small as possible. The diameter of the small diameter portion 3a is 2 to 8 mm, and the hub fixing step 3f and the small diameter portion 3a are The difference in diameter is preferably 0.2 to 2 mm, and the taper angle of the taper portion 3g is preferably 8 to 50 degrees.
[0017]
The hub 3 includes a hub contact portion 8a (shown in FIG. 6) of the lid member 8 of the holder 10 to be described later and a diameter-expanded portion 3b that contacts the side surface of the hollow needle portion. The rearward movement of the hub 3 is restricted by the contact between the two. A protector 4 for protecting the puncture needle 2 a of the needle tube 2 is detachably attached to the puncture needle (tip) of the hub 3.
[0018]
The protector 4 is preferably formed of a transparent material or a translucent material because the orientation of the blade surface of the puncture needle portion 2a can be discriminated while being mounted on the hub 3. This prevents the puncture needle part from being contaminated while the blood collection needle is attached, and there is no risk that the user will pierce the finger with the puncture needle part, so that the blade surface of the puncture needle part is placed in the holder in the desired orientation. Can be attached. As the transparent material or translucent material forming the protector 4, polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polycarbonate, polystyrene and the like can be suitably used.
[0019]
Moreover, it is preferable that the protector 4 has the plane part 4a, as shown in FIG. If the orientation of the blade surface of the puncture needle portion 2a is set corresponding to the flat portion 4a by forming such a flat portion 4a, the blood collection needle 5 is attached to the holder 10 using the flat portion 4a as a guide. Since it can do, mounting | wearing operation | work becomes still easier than performing it while visually observing a blade surface. The protector shown in FIG. 5 has a flat surface portion 4a, and the orientation of the blade surface of the puncture needle portion 2a is made to correspond to this flat surface portion 4a. The orientation of the blade surface and the protector 4 What is necessary is just to be able to make it correspond with a specific site | part. For example, it is easier and preferable to form a part having a specific shape, such as forming a convex part or a concave part extending in the axial direction on the outer surface of the protector 4. An instruction mark such as a line extending in the direction may be provided.
[0020]
An elastic sheath body 9 that encloses the hollow needle portion 2 b of the needle tube 2 is attached to the hollow needle portion side (rear end portion) of the hub 3. The elastic sheath body 9 prevents blood from being discharged from the blade surface of the hollow needle portion 2b when the puncture needle portion 2a is punctured into a blood vessel, and avoids continuous exposure of the hollow needle portion 2b. In this case, various bacteria are prevented from adhering to the hollow needle portion 2b. The elastic sheath body 9 is folded in a bellows shape between the plug body and the blood collection tube holder as the blood collection tube is inserted into the plug body. As the elastic sheath body 9, a rubber chip formed of a rubber material can be preferably used.
[0021]
The main body 6 of the holder 10 is a hollow body whose rear end is open, and is configured such that a blood collection tube can be inserted from the rear end side. At the distal end of the main body portion 6, there are an insertion port (not shown) for inserting the hollow needle portion 2 b and two insertion portions for inserting extension portions 8 b of the lid member 8 described later. .
[0022]
The hub attaching / detaching mechanism 7 is used for detachably attaching the hub 3 of the blood collection needle 5 to the distal end of the main body 6. The hub attaching / detaching mechanism has a pressing portion 7g, and the hub is pressed when the pressing portion 7g is pressed. The rear end portion of the hub can be inserted and removed, and the rear end portion of the hub is held by releasing the pressing of the pressing portion 7g. As shown in FIG. 2, the hub attaching / detaching mechanism 7 includes an elastic portion 7c, a hub insertion portion 7d, a stepped portion 7e, a support concave portion 7, a pair of hub pressing members 7a and 7b including a fitting convex portion 7h and a pressing portion 7g. It consists of and. The pinching members 7 a and 7 b are arranged on the front end surface of the main body 6 so as to face each other with the stepped portion 7 e facing inside, and the support concave portion 7 f is supported by the support convex portion 8 c of the lid member 8. ing.
[0023]
In this embodiment, the hub is provided with a fitting convex portion and the hub attaching / detaching mechanism is provided with a fitting concave portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the opposite is true. The mechanism may be provided with a fitting convex portion. Further, in this embodiment, the hub has a pair of fitting projections on the diagonal line, that is, two, and the fitting depressions have one each, ie, two, on the clamping members 7a and 7b of the hub attaching / detaching mechanism. There are no particular restrictions on the number.
[0024]
In the state where the pressing portion 7g is not pressed, as shown in FIG. 2, the elastic portion 7c is in contact with the step portion 7e while being pressed lightly, and the pressing members 7a and 7b are separated from each other. Since it is slightly urged in the direction (the direction orthogonal to the axial direction and the outer direction), the area of the insertion opening formed by the hub insertion portion 7d of the clamping members 7a and 7b is reduced. The small diameter portion 3a is pinched. Thereby, the blood collection needle 5 is attached to the main body 6. At this time, the rotation of the hub is suppressed by fitting the fitting projection 3c provided in the small diameter portion 3a into the fitting recess 7h. That is, it serves as a hub rotation suppression mechanism. Further, by setting the positions of the fitting convex portion 3c and the fitting concave portion 7h so that the direction of the blade surface is directed in a certain direction, it also serves as a mechanism for making the blade surface direction constant.
[0025]
On the other hand, in a state where the pressing portion 7g is pressed, as shown in FIG. 3, the pinching members 7a and 7b slide inward from each other, and the elastic portion 7c is deformed by the step portion 7e and forcibly approaches. Area (in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction and inward), the area of the insertion opening formed by the hub insertion portion 7d of the pressure-carrying members 7a and 7b is increased, and the narrow diameter portion 3a of the hub 3 is interposed. The pressure is released. At this time, the fitting between the fitting convex portion 3c and the fitting concave portion 7h is also released. As a result, the blood collection needle 5 is detached from the main body 6.
[0026]
That is, in the present invention, the blood collection needle 5 is detachably attached to the tip of the main body 6 by such a hub attaching / detaching mechanism 7. Furthermore, it plays a role of a mechanism for suppressing the rotation of the hub and a mechanism for directing the blade surface in a certain direction by the relationship between the fitting convex part 3c of the hub 3 and the fitting concave part 7h of the hub attaching / detaching mechanism 7.
[0027]
The shapes of the fitting convex portion 3c and the fitting concave portion 7h are not particularly limited as long as they can be fitted to each other, and examples thereof include a quadrilateral shape. A particularly desirable shape, such as a fan shape, is a shape in which the entrance of the dent is slightly narrow in the case of a concave portion and a shape in which the root of the protruding portion is slightly narrowed in the case of a convex portion. Needless to say, the entrance of the recess in the recess must be wider than the protruding end of the projection, even if it is somewhat narrow. When the protector 4 is removed by such a fan-like shape, when the shaft rotational force is applied to the hub, the hub 3 is not only engaged with each other to suppress the rotation of the hub 3, but also the hub has a shaft rotational force. As a result, a pulling force is generated between the hub 3 and the pinching members 7a and 7b, and the mounting force of the hub 3 to the hub attaching / detaching mechanism 7 is strengthened.
[0028]
The lid member 8 is for attaching the hub attaching / detaching mechanism 7 to the tip of the main body 6 and is disposed in front of and adjacent to the hub attaching / detaching mechanism 7 as shown in FIG. Then, the two extending portions 8b extend outward in the axial direction from both ends of the pinching members 7a and 7b, pass through the two inserting portions provided on the front end surface of the main body portion 6, and end the extending portion 8b. Two engaging portions 8e extending outward in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction from the portion are attached by engaging with the front end surface of the main body portion 6. Further, a supporting convex portion 8c extending inward from the extending portion 8c is located in the supporting concave portion 7f of the pinching members 7a and 7b, and supports the pinching members 7a and 7b so as to be slidable in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. Yes. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the lid member 8 has a hollow needle insertion portion 8 d for inserting the small diameter portion 3 a of the hub 3. Around the hollow needle insertion portion 8d, an abutting portion 8a that abuts on the hollow needle portion side surface of the enlarged diameter portion 3b of the hub 3 is formed.
[0029]
Next, a method for using the blood collection instrument of the present invention will be described. First, the blood collection needle 5 is attached to the tip of the main body 6 of the blood collection holder 10. This mounting operation is performed with the protector 4 mounted on the hub 3. Specifically, blood is collected by grasping the protector 4 while checking the direction of the blade surface of the puncture needle part 2a with the other hand while pressing the pressing part 7g of the clamping members 7a and 7b inward with one hand. The needle 5 is moved in the axial direction of the main body 6, and the hollow needle 2 a is inserted from the hollow needle insertion portion 8 d of the lid member 8. When the diameter-enlarged portion 3b of the hub 3 reaches the contact portion 8a of the lid member 8, the pressing portion 7g is released to release the pressing of the clamping members 7a and 7b. Then, the blood collecting needle 5 is attached to the blood collection tube holder 10 by rotating the protector 4 left and right with a slight force and fitting the fitting convex portion 3 c of the hub 3 and the fitting concave portion 7 h of the hub attaching / detaching mechanism 7. Installed. Thus, since the blood collection device 1 of the present invention can attach the blood collection needle 5 to the tip of the main body portion 6 with the protector 4 attached to the hub 3, the puncture needle portion 2a may be contaminated during the blood collection needle attachment. Therefore, there is no risk that the user will pierce a finger or the like with the puncture needle portion 2a, and the blade surface of the puncture needle portion 2a can be easily connected in a desired direction.
[0030]
Next, the protector 4 is removed from the hub 3. At this time, even if the protector 4 is removed while rotating the shaft, there is no possibility that the hub 3 (blood collection needle 5) is displaced. Then, the puncture needle portion 2 a is punctured into the blood vessel, and then the blood collection tube is inserted into the main body portion 6 from the rear end opening of the main body portion 6. The blood collection tube is inserted until the tip of the puncture needle portion 2a reaches the inside of the blood collection tube through the elastic sheath body 9 and the stopper of the blood collection tube. At this time, the elastic sheath body 9 is folded in a bellows shape between the stopper and the blood collection tube holder, and blood flows into the blood collection tube. And the blood according to the pressure reduction amount of a blood collection tube is extract | collected in a blood collection tube, and blood collection is completed. When the blood collection is completed, the clamping members 7a and 7b are pressed inward, and the blood collection needle 5 is detached from the tip of the main body 6 and discarded.
[0031]
[2] A second embodiment of the blood collection instrument, blood collection holder and blood collection needle of the present invention will be described. The second embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the first embodiment described above. In the first embodiment, the blood collection needle 5 extending from the hub 3 to the puncture needle portion 2a is used in the first embodiment, but in the second embodiment, a hub provided with a connector is used instead of the puncture needle portion 2a. It is a point to use. An adapter is connected to the connector. Examples of the adapter include a tube having one end connected to the connector and the other end provided with a blood collection needle. These adapters are used when blood is collected from an infant or the like, and a blood collection needle provided directly with a blood collection needle is too large to puncture. The connector and the connection portion of the adapter to the connector are joined by male-female fitting or screwing.
[0032]
According to the present embodiment, when the adapter is removed after the blood collection operation is completed, when the adapter is pivoted to weaken the bonding force between the adapter and the connector (hub), the first embodiment described above is used. By the action of the fitting concave part provided in the pinching member of the hub attaching / detaching mechanism such as the above and the fitting convex part provided in the hub, it is easy without causing idle rotation between the hub attaching / detaching mechanism of the blood collection tube holder and the hub. The adapter can be separated.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
Mounted without changing the direction of the blade surface of the blood collection needle when the blood collection needle, blood collection holder and blood collection needle of the present invention are attached to the tip of the main body of the blood collection holder with the protector attached to the hub The protector can be removed without changing the direction of the blade surface of the blood collection needle even when axial rotation is applied when removing the protector. Therefore, the blood collection device of the present invention is more blood-collecting than the conventional blood collection device that exposes the blood collection needle and adjusts the direction of the blade surface, and the blood collection device that may change the orientation of the blood collection needle blade surface when the protector is removed. Since there is no need to touch the needle, the blood collection operation can be performed without contamination of the blood collection needle and without puncture.
[0034]
Further, even when the adapter is removed from the blood collection tube holder by the blood collection device, blood collection tube holder and adapter of the present invention, the hub is fixed without spinning between the hub attachment / detachment mechanism of the blood collection tube holder and the hub. Thus, only the adapter can apply an axial rotational force, so that the adapter can be easily separated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the hub attaching / detaching mechanism of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of an embodiment of a blood collection needle of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a lid member used for a blood collection tube holder.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blood collection instrument 2 Needle tube 2a Puncture needle part 2b Hollow needle part 3 Hub 3a Thin diameter part 3b Wide diameter part 3c Fitting convex part 3f Hub fixing step part 3g Taper part 4 Protector 4a Plane part 5 Blood collection needle 6 Main body part 7 Hub Detachable mechanism 7a, 7b Clamping member 7c Elastic portion 7d Hub insertion portion 7e Stepped portion 7f Support recess 7g Pressing portion 7h Fitting recess 8 Lid member 8a Abutting portion 8b Extension portion 8c Support projection 8d Hollow needle insertion portion 8e Stop 9 Elastic sheath body

Claims

A needle tube composed of a puncture needle portion projecting to one side and a hollow needle portion projecting to the other side, a hub provided near the middle portion of the needle tube, and a detachable attachment to the hub to protect the puncture needle portion of the needle tube A blood collection needle having a protector for performing,
A main body portion that is a hollow body having an open rear end and into which a blood collection tube can be inserted from the rear end side, a hub attachment / detachment mechanism for removably attaching the hub of the blood collection needle to the front end of the main body portion, and rotation of the hub A blood collection device comprising a blood collection tube holder having a hub rotation suppression mechanism for suppressing
The hub attaching / detaching mechanism is composed of a plurality of pressure members having openings, and the pressure members are overlapped so that the openings communicate with each other to form a hub insertion portion, and the pressure members are moved. The diameter of the hub insertion part is expanded and contracted by
The hub rotation suppression mechanism is a concave portion or a convex portion provided at an edge of the hub insertion portion and a convex portion or a concave portion provided at a contact portion of the hub with the hub insertion portion , and the hub rotates. A blood collecting instrument , wherein a force attracting each other is generated between the hub and the pressing member when force is applied .

The blood collecting instrument according to claim 1, wherein the protector is formed of a transparent material or a translucent material.

A connector provided on one side and a hollow needle portion projecting on the other side; a hub communicating internally from one side to the other; an adapter detachably attached to the connector;
In order to suppress the rotation of the hub, a main body that is a hollow body having an open rear end and into which a blood collection tube can be inserted from the rear end, a hub attaching / detaching mechanism for detachably attaching the hub to the tip of the main body A blood collection instrument comprising a blood collection tube holder having a hub rotation suppression mechanism of
The hub attaching / detaching mechanism is composed of a plurality of pressure members having openings, and the pressure members are overlapped so that the openings communicate with each other to form a hub insertion portion, and the pressure members are moved. The diameter of the hub insertion part is expanded and contracted by
The hub rotation suppression mechanism is a concave portion or a convex portion provided at an edge of the hub insertion portion and a convex portion or a concave portion provided at a contact portion of the hub with the hub insertion portion , and the hub rotates. A blood collecting instrument , wherein a force attracting each other is generated between the hub and the pressing member when force is applied .

4. The blood collection device according to claim 3, wherein the adapter is provided with a connection portion to the connector at one end of the tube and a blood collection needle at the other end.